Unit 4 Friends forever Using language语法 定语从句课件 2025-2026学年高中英语外研版必修第一册

该高中英语课件以秦始皇生平故事为情境，系统讲解定语从句核心知识点，包括关系代词、关系副词及限制性与非限制性定语从句的用法。通过定义导入、例句分析、对比表格到填空练习，搭建从基础到复杂的学习支架，帮助学生逐步掌握语法结构。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，以秦始皇故事实例（如“Qin Shihuang who was born in Handan...”）讲解语法，用对比表格辨析关系代词用法，填空题强化应用，训练思维品质。学生在学习中提升语法能力和文化认同，教师可借助系统资源提高教学效率。

The Entire Life of the First Emperor Attributive Clauses Qin Shihuang was born in Handan. He succeeded his father’s career at the age of 13. Qin Shihuang who was born in Handan succeeded his father’s career at the age of 13. Antecedent (先行词) Relative words (引导词) Attributive Clauses定语从句 A relative clause is an adjective clause that often modify a noun or pronoun。用来修饰名词或者代词的句子 Attributive Clauses Qin Shihuang who was born in Handan succeeded his father’s career at the age of 13. Qin Shihuang， who was born in Handan， succeeded his father’s career at the age of 13. 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式上 不用逗号“ ，”与主句隔开 用逗号“ ，”与主句隔开 意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 译法上 译成先行词的定语：“…的 ” 通常译成主句的并列句 关系词的使用上 1. 作宾语时可省略 1. 不可省略 2. 可用that 2. 不用that 3. 可用who 代替whom 3. 不可用who 代替whom Relative Pronoun Qin Shihuang who was born in Handan succeeded his father’s career at the age of 13. Antecedent (先行词) Relative words (引导词) Attributive Clauses定语从句 1. In his eary age, Zhao State prisoned his father whom Qin State sent there as a hostage(人质). 2.Qin Dynasty whose military strength was powerful succeeded in unifying other six countries. 3. As we know, Qin Shi Huang was the first political figure in Chinese history who achieved great union . 4. His life story is related to the foundation and development of the Qin which/that have had a big impact on the history of China and even East Asia. Relative Pronoun 关系代词: who whom whose that which as Relative Pronoun 关系代词: who whom whose that which as 先行词是人 先行词是物 先行词可是物也可是人 Relative Pronoun Born and growth 6. He ended the situation of divided rule by kings _______________he wanted to unite and founded the first united centralized state _________name was the Qin Dynasty in Chinese history. 1. Qin Shi Huang ____________was born in Handan was the son of King Zhuangxiang of Qin and Zhao Ji. 2. He_________ father was a hostage in Zhao State lived in Zhao State in his early years and experienced many ups and downs. 3. Later, he returned to Qin State ___________ was his motherland. 4. He began to unify the six kingdoms __________existed at that time. 5. _____ is expected, He successfully destroyed the six kingdoms of Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan, and Qi. who/that whose which/that which/that As whom/that/who whose 关系代词 指代什么 做什么成分 是否可省略 who whom whose that which as 人 主语/宾语 作宾语可省 人 宾语 作宾语可省 作宾语可省 人/物 定语 人/物 主语/宾语 不可省 物 主语/宾语 作宾语可省 指代整句内容 补语（正如） 不可省 Relative Pronoun 1. ______ is mentioned above, Qin Shi Huang was a great king. 2.We always praise for his success,________made us be affected by him. As which 1. As I remember, Qin Shi Huang was an significant figure in the history. 2. Qin Dynasty in Chinese history was a great one, as is known to us. as 正如，引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明，可位于句首，也可句中， which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前句的内容，在句中 as的用法 10 ① _______he expected, his motherland was so simple after returning. ② He is not the same boy_____he was in Zhao State. ③ He carried out a series of laws, _____ was based on his ability. ④ ____is often the case, he is reviewed by the historians. which As As as as we know as I expected as he mentioned as they planned the same ...as as is known to us as is expected as is mentioned above as is planned as is often the case Achievements 1. Qin Shihuang founded the King system and called himself "the first emperor"______ carried out a series of innovations. 2. He also founded three officers and nine departments ______ made the central government more centralized and effective. 3. In addition, Qin Shihuang also delivered the best writing style _____ looks beautiful today. 4. He unified all the money, weights and measures_______were in a mess in the past. 5. He was the only person ________built the Great Wall and other projects at that time. 6. He did everything _______could strengthen border defense and inland transportation. 使用that的情况： ① 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 ②先行词被 all,the only ,the very修饰时。 ③everything, nothing, anything, those作先行词时 ④ 当先行词同时指人和物时 ⑤ 主句已有who或which时 that that that that that that 只用that的情况 1.He delivered a series of laws, ________ set up great punishments on criminals. 2.Burning books and burying scholars was an misadventure, in _________ event many books were burnt , most of _____ were valuable and scholars soiled, most of ______ were innocent(无辜的). 4. He sent Xu Fu , ______was his minister, to sea to find medicine for long life. 5. Qin Shihuang ,___________his people hated, eventually failed to escape the natural law of birth, aging, illness and death. 6. Qin Shihuang , the death of _______ was accidental during his fifth eastern tour, provided a solid base for the later dynasties. which which 只用which/whom/who的情况 which whom who who/whom whom whose death 只用which / whom / who的情况： ① 非限制性定语从句只用which / who / whom ②介词+which/whom ③先行词those指人时，只能用who 1. He whose father was a hostage in Zhao State lived in Zhao State in his early years and experienced many ups and downs. 2. Qin Dynasty whose military strength was powerful succeeded in unifying other six countries. the father of whom the military strength of which whose+n. = the n. of which/whom Relative Adverb Qin Shihuang was born in Handan where his father was prisoned. Antecedent (先行词) Relative words (引导词) Attributive Clauses定语从句 1. After he succeeded his father’s career, he faced a time when all the states were divided. 2.We often talk about the reason why Qin Dynasty came to an end. Relative Adverb 关系副词: where when why 关系副词 先行词 在从句中的成分 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why reason 原因状语 Relative Adverb 1. Qin Shihuang was born in Handan where his father was prisoned. 2. After he succeeded his father’s career, he faced a time when all the states were divided. 3.We often talk about the reason why Qin Dynasty came to an end. in which in which for which 关系副词 相当于 where 介词+which when 介词+which why for+which 1. I still remember the day ______ I first read the book about Qin Shi Huang. 2. Can you tell me the place________Qin Shi Huang died. 3. I don't know the reason ______ Qin Shi Huang wanted to live long. 4. Do you know about Qin Shi Huang _______ parents were educated? when where why whose =on which =in which situation, position, condition, stage, point =for which =the parents of whom 5. Qin Shi Huang lived a room _______ window was broken in his early age. =the window of which whose Impact 定语从句的主谓一致 1.Qin Shi Huang’s influence which is far-reaching and lasting is known to us Chinese. 2. I love the stories which are about Qin Shi Huang 定语从句的单复数与先行词保持一致 3. The Great Wall and other projects which _______________(build) are still China’s cultural heritage and places of interest. 4. However, Qin Shi Huang carried out the most serious law that _______ (leave) a lesson for future generations so far. were built has left Summary Summary&Exercise Qin Shi Huang ____________was born in Handan was the son of King Zhuangxiang of Qin and Zhao Ji.He_________ father was a hostage in Zhao State lived in Zhao State in his early years and experienced many ups and downs.Later, he returned to Qin State ___________ was his motherland. He began to unify the six kingdoms __________existed at that time._____ is expected, He successfully destroyed the six kingdoms of Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan, and Qi. He ended the situation of divided rule by kings ______he wanted to unite and founded the first united centralized state________name was the Qin Dynasty in Chinese history. who/that whose which/that which/that As whom/that/who whose Qin Shihuang founded the King system and called himself "the first emperor"______ carried out a series of innovations. He also founded three officers and nine departments ______ made the central government more centralized and effective. In addition, Qin Shihuang also delivered the best writing style _____ looks beautiful today. He unified all the money, weights and measures_______were in a mess in the past. He was the only person ________built the Great Wall and other projects at that time. He did everything _______could strengthen border defense and inland transportation. that that that that that that He delivered a series of laws, ________ set up great punishments on criminals.Burning books and burying scholars was an misadventure, in _________ event many books were burnt , most of _____ were valuable and scholars soiled, most of ______ were innocent(无辜的).He sent Xu Fu , ______was his minister, to sea to find medicine for long life.Qin Shihuang ,___________his people hated, eventually failed to escape the natural law of birth, aging, illness and death. Qin Shihuang , the death of _______ was accidental during his fifth eastern tour, provided a solid base for the later dynasties. which which which whom who who/whom whom Qin Shihuang was born in Handan_________his father was prisoned. After he succeeded his father’s career, he faced a time _______ all the states were divided.We often talk about the reason _______ Qin Dynasty came to an end.Qin Shi Huang’s influence which _____ (be) far-reaching and lasting is known to us Chinese.The Great Wall and other projects which ___________(build) are still China’s cultural heritage and places of interest.However, Qin Shi Huang carried out the most serious law that ___________ (leave) a lesson for future generations so far. where when why is were built has left 1. In summary,Qin Shi Huang was an influential king _________founded the basic framework and model for the later countries. 2.Qin Shi Huang, _____ was the first emperor, is related to the development of Qin Dynasty. 3. His life ,_______ reflects the characters of ancient China is full of legendary. 4. ____ is known to us, Qin Shi Huang was a king ______ influence leaves valuable cultural heritage and historical lesson for the future generations. who/that who which As whose Thank you Lavf58.45.100 $