Unit 1 Time to Relax.（语法讲解及专练）-2025-2026学年八年级新教材英语下册基础知识专项讲练（新教材人教版）

Unit 1 Time to Relax. (语法讲练） 【知识讲解】 动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语 一、动词不定式的构成 　　动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，基本形式是“to+动词原形”。其中to是动词不定式符号，在有些情况下可以省略。动词不定式的否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 » Mr Li told me to listen carefully in class.　李老师要求我上课认真听讲。 »Please tell Jim not to come late next time.　请告诉吉姆下次别迟到了。 二、动词不定式的功能 1、动词不定式作状语 动词不定式可以在句中作状语，表示目的、结果或原因。作目的状语时通常放在句末，用于正式语境或需要强调时，也可以放在句首，用逗号与后面的句子隔开。 »He came to Beijing to have a meeting. 他来北京开会。（表目的） »He is too young to look after himself. 他年龄太小，不能照顾自己。（表结果） »To protect the environment, we should reduce plastic use.　为了保护环境，我们应该减少塑料的使用。（表原因） 2、动词不定式作宾语补足语 宾语补足语是紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语的身份、状态或动作进行补充说明的成分，使宾语的意义更加完整。此时可以是带to的不定式，也可以是不带to的不定式，这主要取决于谓语动词。 ①接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有：tell、ask、order、allow、encourage、advise, want, wish, expect invite, choose would like等。 ②接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词(see、hear、notice、watch、feel等)和使役动词(make、let、have等)。 ③动词help后可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，也可以接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 »Then he asked me to sit down beside a girl.　然后他让我坐在一个女孩旁边。 »I saw her get on the bus. 我看见她上了公共汽车。 »Can you help me (to) open the door?你能帮我打开门吗？ 【拓展】 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 (1)作主语 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语。 »To give is better than to take. 奉献比索取好。 »It's necessary for us to learn English well.　对我们来说，学好英语是必要的。 (2)作宾语 动词不定式经常在decide、want、plan、agree、expect、need、hope、wish、would like 等动词（短语）后作宾语。在动词 think、find等后通常用it作形式宾语。 » I decided to join the art club two years ago. 两年前我决定加入美术俱乐部。 (3)作表语 动词不定式作表语，一般表示具体的动作或者说明主语的内容、性质、特征等。句子的主语通常是 dream、job、wish等名词。 » My dream is to travel to the moon one day.　我的梦想是有朝一日去月球旅行。 (4)动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语时，须放在被修饰词的后面。 » I am the only man to know the answer. 我是唯一一个知道答案的人。 【同步检测】 基础过关 1．Try your best ______ others. A．helped B．help C．to help D．helpful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽力去帮助别人。 考查动词不定式的用法。短语“try one’s best”后需接to do动词不定式，表示尽力的目的或内容，此处意为“尽力去帮助”。故选C。 2．—Why do some wild birds fly to the south? —_______ from the cold winter here. A．Hide B．Hides C．To hide D．Hiding 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——为什么一些野生鸟类要飞往南方？——为了躲避这里寒冷的冬天。 考查动词不定式作目的状语。Hide隐藏，动词原形；Hides隐藏，第三人称单数形式；To hide为了隐藏，动词不定式；Hiding隐藏，现在分词。根据“Why”可知，此处询问野生鸟类飞往南方的原因，用动词不定式表示目的。故填C。 3．Chen Jie used paper ________ a nice flower for her mother. A．make B．to make C．made D．making 【答案】B 【详解】句意：陈洁用纸制作一朵漂亮的花给她的妈妈。 考查动词不定式作目的状语。make制作；to make去制作；made制作了；making制作中。根据“use sth. to do sth.”固定结构，表示“用某物做某事”，此处需用不定式“to make”表达目的，意为“用纸来制作花”。故选B。 4．When we leave a room, we should remember to turn off the lights ________ energy. A．save B．saved C．to save D．saving 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我们离开房间时，我们应该记得关灯以节省能源。 考查非谓语动词。根据“turn off the lights ... energy”可知，关灯的目的是为了节省能源，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。 5．The government is development is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．protect B．to protect C．protects D．protected 【答案】B 【详解】句意：政府正在制定新计划以保护古建筑。 考查非谓语动词。protect保护，动词原形；to protect动词不定式；protects第三人称单数形式；protected过去式/过去分词。根据“The government is development is developing new plans ... ancient buildings.”可知，此处用动词不定式to protect作目的状语，表示制定计划的目的。故选B。 6．He came up with an idea for a robot called PillBot ________ people take their medicine on time. A．helps B．help C．to help D．helped 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他想出了一个主意，为一个叫PillBot的机器人，来帮助人们按时吃药。 考查动词不定式。根据“He came up with an idea for a robot called PillBot...people take their medicine on time.”可知，空格处需表达“机器人被设计的目的”。故选C。 7．During the holiday of the Dragon Boat Festival, many people go to People’s Park ________ the dragon boat race. A．watch B．to watch C．watches D．watching 【答案】B 【详解】句意：端午节假期期间，许多人去人民公园观看龙舟比赛。 考查非谓语动词。根据“many people go to People’s Park...the dragon boat race.”可知，许多人去公园是为了观看龙舟比赛，表示目的“为了观看”，用动词不定式to watch，故选B。 8．The boys were ________ tired ________ walk on. A．so; that B．too; to C．enough; to D．much; to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：男孩们太累了，无法继续行走。 考查固定短语辨析。so...that如此……以至于，that后接从句；too...to太……而不能，to后接动词原形；enough...to足够……可以，但enough通常放在形容词之后；much...to不是固定搭配，用法不恰当。根据“...tired ...walk on”可知，此处表示“太累而不能继续行走”，第二空后是动词原形，因此使用too...to结构。故选B。 9．Jack is too busy ________ on the Maths problems ________ with you today. A．working; going B．working; to go C．to work; going D．to work; to go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：杰克今天忙于做数学题，不能和你一起去。 考查非谓语及too...to...的结构。根据“Jack is too busy”可知，第一空是be busy doing sth的结构，因此空格处应该为动词ing形式，所以排除C项和D项；根据“too busy...with you”可知，第二空是too...to...的结构，表示“太……而不能……” ，因此空格处应该为to do的结构，所以排除A项。故选B。 10．These things are usually too small ________. A．see B．to see C．seeing D．saw 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些东西通常太小而看不见。 考查非谓语。根据“These things are usually too small...”可知，此处是too...to...“太……以至于不能……”，是固定搭配，空处应是to see。故选B。 11．—The table is ______ heavy for me ________ carry. —Let me give you a hand. A．as; as B．too; to C．so; that D．such; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这张桌子太重了，我搬不动。——让我来帮你吧。 考查固定用法。as...as和……一样；too...to太……而不能，to后加动词原形；so...that如此……以至于，that后加从句；such...that如此……以至于，that后加从句。根据“The table is ... heavy for me ... carry.”可知，桌子太重而搬不动，carry是动词原形，故“too...to”符合语境和用法。故选B。 12．Amy is ______ poor ______ buy that nice dress. A．so; that B．too; to C．such; that D．too; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：艾米太穷了，买不起那件漂亮的裙子。 考查副词及非谓语动词。so…that如此……以至于，后接从句；too…to太……而不能，后接动词原形；such…that如此……以至于，后接从句；too...that错误表达。根据“Amy is...poor...buy that nice dress.”以及选项可知，此处表示艾米太穷了，买不起那件漂亮的裙子。故选B。 13．I meet a new friend in a new school. We are happy ________ each other. A．meet B．meeting C．to meeting D．to meet 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我在新学校遇到了一个新朋友。我们很高兴见到彼此。 考查非谓语动词。be happy to do sth.“高兴做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式to meet。故选D。 14．Lily is very kind. She is always ready ________ us. A．to help B．help C．helping D．helped 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Lily很善良，她总是乐意帮助我们。 考查动词不定式的用法。be ready to do sth.表示“乐意做某事”，此处指乐意帮助我们。故选A。 15．The little girl was afraid ________ in the dark. A．stay B．to stay C．staying D．stays 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个小女孩害怕待在黑暗中。 考查非谓语动词。be afraid to do sth.表示“因害怕而不敢做某事”。故选B。 16．Our teacher often encourages us ________ more books in our free time. A．read B．to read C．reading D．reader 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的老师经常鼓励我们在空闲时间多读书。 考查动词搭配。read动词原形；to read动词不定式；reading动名词；reader读者。根据“encourage sb. to do sth.”固定搭配可知，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 17．Eddie is a funny boy. He often makes us ________. A．laughing B．to laugh C．laugh D．laughed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：埃迪是个有趣的男孩，他经常让我们笑。 考查非谓语动词。由“makes us”可知，make sb. do sth.是固定搭配，表示“使某人做某事”，此处用省略to的动词不定式laugh。故选C。 18．Mum reminded me ________ late for the family dinner. A．not to be B．not being C．to not be D．being not 【答案】A 【详解】句意：妈妈提醒我家庭聚餐不要迟到。 考查非谓语动词。remind sb. not to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“提醒某人不要做某事”，因此空格处应填not to be。故选A。 19．Last weekend, we invited my best friend ______ to Mount Huangshan. A．go B．goes C．to go D．going 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周末，我们邀请了我最好的朋友一起去黄山。 考查非谓语动词。go去，动词原形；goes去，动词第三人称单数形式；to go去，动词不定式；going去，动名词或现在分词。invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”。故选C。 20．The teacher allowed us ________ our digital notebooks to take notes in class. A．use B．using C．to use D．used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老师允许我们在课堂上使用我们的电子笔记本做笔记。 考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，所以此处应该用动词不定式to use。故选C。 21．Recently, the Ministry of Education (教育部) has advised senior high schools ________ two days off every week. A．taking B．to take C．take D．taken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：最近，教育部建议高中每周放两天假。 考查非谓语动词。advise sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“建议某人做某事”。分析句子结构，句中“senior high schools”是宾语，“two days off every week”是动作内容，应用动词不定式to take作宾语补足语。故选B。 22．—It’s important for students to follow the school rules. —Sure. Teachers always warn us _________ in the hallways because it’s dangerous. A．to run B．don’t run C．not running D．not to run 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——对学生来说遵守校规很重要。——当然，老师们总是警告我们不要在走廊里跑，因为那很危险。 考查非谓语动词及动词不定式的否定形式。根据“because it’s dangerous”可知，因为在走廊里面跑很危险，所以老师警告学生不要在走廊里面跑。warn sb not to do sth“警告某人不要做某事”，空处填动词不定式的否定形式not to run。故选D。 23．—Why are you so angry with your little sister? —Because she always requires me _________ her out to play. A．takes B．take C．to take D．taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么对你的小妹妹这么生气？——因为她总是要求我带她出去玩。 考查非谓语动词。require sb. to do sth. 表示“要求某人做某事”，空处填动词不定式to take作宾语补足语。故选C。 24．Most parents expect their children ______ good grades in the exam. A．get B．to get C．getting D．to getting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大多数父母期望他们的孩子在考试中取得好成绩。 考查动词不定式。expect sb. to do sth.“期望某人做某事”。故选B。 25．Good news! John has won the gold medal in the 100-meter sprint. I watched him ______ the race. A．finish B．finished C．finishes D．to finish 【答案】A 【详解】句意：好消息！约翰在100米短跑中赢得了金牌。我看着他完成了比赛。 考查非谓语动词。watch sb do sth“看见某人做某事”，表示看到动作的全过程，此处用不带to的动词不定式。故选A。 提升闯关 1．It’s necessary for students ________ the rule: don’t be glued to phones in class. A．understand B．to understand C．understanding D．understood 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对于学生来说，理解这个规则是必要的：不要在课堂上沉迷于手机。 考查固定句型。“It’s necessary for sb to do sth”，意为“对于某人来说做某事是必要的”，因此空处应填入动词不定式。故选B。 2．—Hi, Lucy, What time is it? —Er, it’s 10:00 a.m. now, Cindy. It’s time for us ________ sports. A．do B．to do C．does D．doing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——嗨，露西，几点了？——呃，现在是上午10点，辛迪。是我们做运动的时候了。 考查非谓语动词。do动词原形；to do动词不定式；does第三人称单数；doing动名词或现在分词。“It’s time for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“是某人做某事的时候了”，其中it为形式主语，动词不定式为真正主语，故选B。 3．It took us three and a half hours ________ to the top of Mount Pan. A．to get B．get C．got D．getting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们花了三个半小时才到达盘山顶峰。 考查非谓语动词。to get到达，动词不定式；get到达，动词原形；got到达，动词过去式；getting到达，动名词或现在分词。根据“It took us three hours and a half...to the top of Mount Pan.”可知，此处为固定句型“It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.”，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，因此此处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故选A。 4．They decided ________ the Great Wall first because it’s the most famous landmark in China. A．to visit B．visiting C．visited D．visits 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们决定先去参观长城，因为它是中国最著名的地标。 考查非谓语动词。to visit参观，动词不定式；visiting参观，动名词；visited参观，动词过去式；visits参观，动词第三人称单数形式。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，为固定用法，动词需用不定式形式。故选A。 5．—Please remember ________ the book to Mike. —I remember ________ it back to him yesterday. A．giving; giving B．to give; giving C．to give; to give D．giving; to give 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——请记得把书给Mike。——我记得昨天把它还给他了。 考查动词remember的用法辨析。remember后接不定式（to do）表示“记得要做某事”（动作未发生），接动名词（doing）表示“记得做过某事”（动作已完成）。第一句“Please remember...the book to Mike”表示提醒对方记得去做（动作未发生），故用to give；第二句“I remember...it back to him yesterday”表示回忆昨天已完成的动作，故用giving。故选B。 6．—Would you like ________ hot pot with me? —Yes, I’d love to. A．to eat B．eat C．eats D．eating 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你愿意和我一起吃火锅吗？——是的，我很乐意。 考查非谓语动词的用法。to eat去吃，动词不定式；eat吃，动词原形；eats吃，动词第三人称单数形式；eating吃，动名词/现在分词。根据“Would you like...hot pot with me?”可知，此处考查would like to do sth.“想要做某事”，应填动词不定式。故选A。 7．—Please stay with me this weekend? —I’m sorry, but my father and I planned ________ Jiujiang a long time ago. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个周末请和我待在一起吧。——抱歉，但我和我爸爸很久之前就计划去九江了。 考查非谓语动词。plan后接动词时，常用plan to do sth.结构，意为“计划做某事”，此处需用不定式作宾语。故选C。 8．My dream is ________ around the world one day. A．to travel B．travelling C．travel D．travelled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的梦想是有一天环游世界。 考查非谓语动词。to travel动词不定式；travelling动名词/现在分词；travel动词原形；travelled过去式/过去分词。根据“My dream is...”可知，此处是“主系表”结构，表示“梦想是……”，常用动词不定式作表语。故选A。 9．Mr. Li’s job is________this company. A．in charge of B．take charge of C．to be in charge of D．be in charge of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：李先生的工作是管理这家公司。 考查短语辨析。in charge of负责，介词短语；take charge of负责，动词短语；to be in charge of负责，动词不定式；be in charge of负责，动词短语。此处应用动词不定式表示李先生的工作是管理这家公司。故选C。 10．I think it’s a special way ________ a conversation. A．start B．to start C．starting D．to starting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我认为这是开启一段对话的特别方式。    考查非谓语动词。start开始，动词原形；to start动词不定式；starting动名词/现在分词；to starting介宾结构。“a way to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“做某事的方法”，此处用动词不定式“to start”作后置定语修饰“way”，表示开启对话的方式，故选B。 11．The best way ________ a new language is to practice speaking it every day. A．learn B．learning C．to learn D．learned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学习一门新语言的最好方法是每天练习说它。   考查不定式作定语的用法。learn是动词原形；learning是动名词或现在分词；to learn是不定式；learned是过去式或过去分词。根据句子结构，此处需要填入一个不定式作后置定语修饰the best way，表示“学习语言的最好方法”。故选C。 12．I’m very busy. I have an important meeting ________. A．attend B．to attend C．attending D．to attending 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我很忙。我有一个重要的会议要参加。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I’m very busy. I have an important meeting ...”可知是有会议要参加，不定式to attend修饰名词meeting，表示“要参加的”会议。故选B。 13．I have no time ________ your excuse. A．hear B．to hear C．to listen to D．listening 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我没有时间听你的借口。 考查动词不定式作定语的用法，以及“hear”和“listen to”的辨析。hear听到，动词原形；to hear去听到，不定式；to listen to去倾听，不定式；listening听，动名词。“have no time”后需接不定式to do，表示“没有时间做某事”；且“listen to”强调有意识地倾听，更符合语境。故选C。 14．If we keep making wetlands smaller, birds will have nowhere ________. A．live B．to live in it C．live in D．to live 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果我们继续使湿地变小，鸟儿将没有地方居住。 考查动词不定式作定语的用法。副词“nowhere”后常接动词不定式作后置定语，表示“没有地方做某事”。分析选项，A 项中“live”为动词原形，不符合语法；B项中“in it”多余，与“nowhere”重复；C项为动词原形加介词，“nowhere”是副词，live后不需要加介词in，也不符合不定式结构；D项符合“have nowhere to live”的固定结构，意为“无处居住”，语法和语义均正确。故选D。 15．The way our students thought of ________ the classroom clean is proved to be very useful. A．to keep B．keeping C．kept D．keeps 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们学生想出的保持教室干净的方法被证明是非常有用的。 考查非谓语动词辨析。to keep保持，动词不定式，表目的或动作；keeping保持，动名词或现在分词；kept保持，过去式或过去分词；keeps保持，动词第三人称单数形式。根据“The way our students thought of…the classroom clean”可知，our students thought of是定语从句修饰the way，此处需用动词不定式作后置定语修饰the way，表示“保持教室干净的方法”，to keep符合语境。故选A。 【中考链接】 1．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 【答案】A 【详解】句意：基蒂这个星期六下午要去英语角练习英语。 考查非谓语动词。to practise练习，动词不定式形式；practising练习，现在分词或动名词形式；practised练习，过去式或过去分词形式；practise练习，动词原形。根据句子结构可知，空处应是动词不定式作目的状语，表示去英语角的目的是练习英语。故选A。 2．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Our teacher advises us ________ ourselves in the sunshine. A．enjoy B．to enjoy C．enjoyed D．enjoying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的老师建议我们在阳光下享受（美好时光）。 考查非谓语动词。“advise sb. to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“建议某人做某事”，根据“Our teacher advises us...ourselves in the sunshine.”可知，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语，故选B。 3．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）________ eyes healthy, we students should spend less time on screens. A．To keep B．Keep C．Kept D．Keeping 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了保持眼睛健康，我们学生应该少花时间在屏幕前。 考查非谓语动词。根据“...eyes healthy”可知，学生少花时间在屏幕前是为了保持眼睛健康，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了保持眼睛健康”。故选A。 4．（2025·天津·中考真题）The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．protect B．to protect C．protects D．protected 【答案】B 【详解】句意：政府正在制定新计划以保护古建筑。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The government is developing new plans...ancient buildings.”可知，制定新计划是为了保护古建筑，故此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故空格处需用to protect。故选B。 5．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）We should build on past achievements and work together ________ a better world. A．make B．making C．made D．to make 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们应该在过去的成就基础上再接再厉，共同努力创造一个更美好的世界。 考查动词不定式。根据“We should build on past achievements and work together...a better world.”可知，在过去的成就基础上再接再厉并共同努力，以创造一个更美好的世界。此处应是动词不定式作目的状语，故选D。 6．（2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题）We need more work ________ our sky clearer, water cleaner and air fresher. A．make B．to make C．makes D．made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们需要更多的工作来使我们的天空更湛蓝、水更干净、空气更清新。 考查非谓语。根据“our sky clearer, water cleaner and air fresher.”可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式to make作目的状语。故选B。 7．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）“ClimateGPT” is used ________ people with a good understanding of weather conditions. A．provides B．providing C．provided D．to provide 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“ClimateGPT”用于让人们很好地了解天气状况。 考查动词短语。此处表示“被用来让人们很好地了解天气状况”，用结构be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”。故选D。 8．（2024·四川·中考真题）—What are you going to do this summer vacation? —I plan ________ my cousin in Hangzhou. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个暑假你打算做什么？——我计划去杭州看望我的堂兄。 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 9．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）________ more about rare wild animals, I spent some time searching online last night. A．To learn B．Learning C．Learned D．Learn 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了了解更多关于珍稀野生动物的信息，我昨晚花了一些时间在网上搜索。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“昨晚花了一些时间在网上搜索信息”的目的是“了解更多关于珍稀野生动物的信息”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选A。 10．（2024·天津·中考真题）People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人们可能会用不同的肢体语言来表达同样的感受。 考查非谓语动词。use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，使用动词不定式，故选B。 11．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国为帮助其他国家建设高速铁路做出了巨大努力。 考查非谓语动词。make great efforts to do sth.“努力做某事”，应用动词不定式。故选B。 12．（2024·云南·中考真题）Our headmaster will invite a scientist ________ us a speech on space technology. A．give B．given          C．giving D．to give 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的校长将邀请一位科学家为我们做一次关于空间技术的演讲。 考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 13．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）______ healthy, we students always do morning exercises every day at school. A．Keep B．To keep C．Keeping D．Keeps 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，我们学生每天在学校总是做早操。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，学生们在学校做早操的目的是为了保持健康，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。 14．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Jack, remember ________ off the lights when you leave your bedroom. —OK, I will. A．turned B．turn C．turning D．to turn 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克，你离开卧室时记得关灯。 ——好的，我会的。 考查非谓语动词。remember to do sth.记得去做某事，事情未做；remember doing sth.记得做过某事，事情已做。turn off表示“关灯”，根据“when you leave your bedroom”可知，灯还没有关，此处表示“要记得关灯”。故选D。 15．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）During the holiday of the Dragon Boat Festival, many people gather in Mochou Lake Park ________ the dragon boat race. A．watch B．to watch C．watches D．watched 【答案】B 【详解】句意：端午节假期期间，许多人聚集在莫愁湖公园观看龙舟比赛。 考查非谓语动词。根据“many people gather in Mochou Lake Park ... the dragon boat race”可知聚集在莫愁湖公园是为了观看龙舟比赛，表示目的“为了观看”，用“to watch”，故选B。 16．（2023·上海·中考真题）Hanfu Day in our school aims ________ students a taste of traditional Chinese culture. A．offer B．offering C．to offer D．offered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们学校的汉服节旨在让学生领略中国传统文化。 考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth.“旨在做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 17．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）—Do you always get up so early? —Yes. ________ the first bus. My home is far away from school. A．To catch B．Catching C．Caught D．Catches 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你总是起得这么早吗？——是的。为了赶第一班公共汽车。我家离学校很远。 考查非谓语动词。“get up so early”的目的是“catch the first bus”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选A。 18．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Our art teacher encourages us ________ colorful things in life. A．look for B．looks for C．looking for D．to look for 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的美术老师鼓励我们去寻找生活中丰富多彩的事情。 考查不定式作补语。encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。空处是不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 19．（2023·四川·中考真题）Mike made faces to make his little brother __________. A．laughs B．laugh C．to laugh D．laughing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：麦克做鬼脸让他的弟弟笑。 考查非谓语。make sb. do sth“让某人做某事”，空处用动词原形。故选B。 20．（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）________the quality of PE classes, some schools put smart technology into use. A．Improving B．To improve C．Improve D．Improved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了提高体育课的质量，一些学校使用了智能技术。 考查非谓语。根据“the quality of PE classe”可知，为了提高体育课的质量，学校使用了智能技术，动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。 21．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）________ healthy, we’ve got used to washing hands before meals and using public chopsticks. A．Keeping B．Keep C．To keep D．To keeping 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，我们已经习惯饭前洗手和使用公共筷子。 考查非谓语动词。根据题干可知，饭前洗手和使用公筷是为了保持健康，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故选C。 22．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）Travellers can’t wait ________ their new tours in the coming holiday. A．to start B．starting C．started D．start 【答案】A 【详解】句意：旅行者们迫不及待地想在即将到来的假期开始他们的新旅行。 考查非谓语动词。can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”，应用不定式。故选A。 23．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）I have decided to go to Beijing and ________ one of my old friends there. A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我决定去北京看望我在那里的一位老朋友。 考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，空格处应为动词原形，省略了动词不定式符号to，故选D。 24．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Our school will invite Mr. Wang ________ us a talk on environmental protection next week. —That’s wonderful! A．give B．to give C．giving D．gave 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——下周我们学校将邀请王先生给我们做一个关于环境保护的演讲。——那是精彩的！ 考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”。故选B。 25．（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）We expect the world _______ China better after the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. A．understanding B．to understand C．understood D．understand 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们期待第19届杭州亚运会后，世界更好地了解中国。 考查非谓语动词。expect sb to do sth“期待某人做某事”，此空应填不定式，故选B。 26．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club. A．join B．joining C．to join D．to joining 【答案】C 【详解】句意：科学是我最喜欢的科目，所以我已经准备加入 STEAM俱乐部了。 考查非谓语动词。prepare to do sth“准备做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词不定式，故选C。 27．（2023·天津·中考真题）David learnt ________ when he was five. A．swim B．swims C．swam D．to swim 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大卫五岁时学习游泳。 考查非谓语动词。learn to do sth“学习做某事”，为固定短语，故选D。 28．（2023·云南·中考真题）Today is Father’s Day, and I plan ________ a dinner for my father. A．to prepare B．preparing C．prepared D．prepare 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今天是父亲节，我打算为父亲准备一顿晚餐。 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，为固定短语，故选A。 29．（2023·四川泸州·中考真题）— What are you going to do this summer vacation? — I plan ________ Hua Hua, a nearly 3-year-old lovely panda in Chengdu. A．see B．saw C．seeing D．to see 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这个暑假你打算做什么？——我计划去成都看一只将近3岁的可爱熊猫花花。 考查动词不定式。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，空格处为动词不定式作宾语。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Time to Relax. (语法讲练） 【知识讲解】 动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语 一、动词不定式的构成 　　动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，基本形式是“to+动词原形”。其中to是动词不定式符号，在有些情况下可以省略。动词不定式的否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 » Mr Li told me to listen carefully in class.　李老师要求我上课认真听讲。 »Please tell Jim not to come late next time.　请告诉吉姆下次别迟到了。 二、动词不定式的功能 1、动词不定式作状语 动词不定式可以在句中作状语，表示目的、结果或原因。作目的状语时通常放在句末，用于正式语境或需要强调时，也可以放在句首，用逗号与后面的句子隔开。 »He came to Beijing to have a meeting. 他来北京开会。（表目的） »He is too young to look after himself. 他年龄太小，不能照顾自己。（表结果） »To protect the environment, we should reduce plastic use.　为了保护环境，我们应该减少塑料的使用。（表原因） 2、动词不定式作宾语补足语 宾语补足语是紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语的身份、状态或动作进行补充说明的成分，使宾语的意义更加完整。此时可以是带to的不定式，也可以是不带to的不定式，这主要取决于谓语动词。 ①接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有：tell、ask、order、allow、encourage、advise, want, wish, expect invite, choose would like等。 ②接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词(see、hear、notice、watch、feel等)和使役动词(make、let、have等)。 ③动词help后可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，也可以接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 »Then he asked me to sit down beside a girl.　然后他让我坐在一个女孩旁边。 »I saw her get on the bus. 我看见她上了公共汽车。 »Can you help me (to) open the door?你能帮我打开门吗？ 【拓展】 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 (1)作主语 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语。 »To give is better than to take. 奉献比索取好。 »It's necessary for us to learn English well.　对我们来说，学好英语是必要的。 (2)作宾语 动词不定式经常在decide、want、plan、agree、expect、need、hope、wish、would like 等动词（短语）后作宾语。在动词 think、find等后通常用it作形式宾语。 » I decided to join the art club two years ago. 两年前我决定加入美术俱乐部。 (3)作表语 动词不定式作表语，一般表示具体的动作或者说明主语的内容、性质、特征等。句子的主语通常是 dream、job、wish等名词。 » My dream is to travel to the moon one day.　我的梦想是有朝一日去月球旅行。 (4)动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语时，须放在被修饰词的后面。 » I am the only man to know the answer. 我是唯一一个知道答案的人。 【同步检测】 基础过关 1．Try your best ______ others. A．helped B．help C．to help D．helpful 2．—Why do some wild birds fly to the south? —_______ from the cold winter here. A．Hide B．Hides C．To hide D．Hiding 3．Chen Jie used paper ________ a nice flower for her mother. A．make B．to make C．made D．making 4．When we leave a room, we should remember to turn off the lights ________ energy. A．save B．saved C．to save D．saving 5．The government is development is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．protect B．to protect C．protects D．protected 6．He came up with an idea for a robot called PillBot ________ people take their medicine on time. A．helps B．help C．to help D．helped 7．During the holiday of the Dragon Boat Festival, many people go to People’s Park ________ the dragon boat race. A．watch B．to watch C．watches D．watching 8．The boys were ________ tired ________ walk on. A．so; that B．too; to C．enough; to D．much; to 9．Jack is too busy ________ on the Maths problems ________ with you today. A．working; going B．working; to go C．to work; going D．to work; to go 10．These things are usually too small ________. A．see B．to see C．seeing D．saw 11．—The table is ______ heavy for me ________ carry. —Let me give you a hand. A．as; as B．too; to C．so; that D．such; that 12．Amy is ______ poor ______ buy that nice dress. A．so; that B．too; to C．such; that D．too; that 13．I meet a new friend in a new school. We are happy ________ each other. A．meet B．meeting C．to meeting D．to meet 14．Lily is very kind. She is always ready ________ us. A．to help B．help C．helping D．helped 15．The little girl was afraid ________ in the dark. A．stay B．to stay C．staying D．stays 16．Our teacher often encourages us ________ more books in our free time. A．read B．to read C．reading D．reader 17．Eddie is a funny boy. He often makes us ________. A．laughing B．to laugh C．laugh D．laughed 18．Mum reminded me ________ late for the family dinner. A．not to be B．not being C．to not be D．being not 19．Last weekend, we invited my best friend ______ to Mount Huangshan. A．go B．goes C．to go D．going 20．The teacher allowed us ________ our digital notebooks to take notes in class. A．use B．using C．to use D．used 21．Recently, the Ministry of Education (教育部) has advised senior high schools ________ two days off every week. A．taking B．to take C．take D．taken 22．—It’s important for students to follow the school rules. —Sure. Teachers always warn us _________ in the hallways because it’s dangerous. A．to run B．don’t run C．not running D．not to run 23．—Why are you so angry with your little sister? —Because she always requires me _________ her out to play. A．takes B．take C．to take D．taking 24．Most parents expect their children ______ good grades in the exam. A．get B．to get C．getting D．to getting 25．Good news! John has won the gold medal in the 100-meter sprint. I watched him ______ the race. A．finish B．finished C．finishes D．to finish 提升闯关 1．It’s necessary for students ________ the rule: don’t be glued to phones in class. A．understand B．to understand C．understanding D．understood 2．—Hi, Lucy, What time is it? —Er, it’s 10:00 a.m. now, Cindy. It’s time for us ________ sports. A．do B．to do C．does D．doing 3．It took us three and a half hours ________ to the top of Mount Pan. A．to get B．get C．got D．getting 4．They decided ________ the Great Wall first because it’s the most famous landmark in China. A．to visit B．visiting C．visited D．visits 5．—Please remember ________ the book to Mike. —I remember ________ it back to him yesterday. A．giving; giving B．to give; giving C．to give; to give D．giving; to give 6．—Would you like ________ hot pot with me? —Yes, I’d love to. A．to eat B．eat C．eats D．eating 7．—Please stay with me this weekend? —I’m sorry, but my father and I planned ________ Jiujiang a long time ago. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 8．My dream is ________ around the world one day. A．to travel B．travelling C．travel D．travelled 9．Mr. Li’s job is________this company. A．in charge of B．take charge of C．to be in charge of D．be in charge of 10．I think it’s a special way ________ a conversation. A．start B．to start C．starting D．to starting 11．The best way ________ a new language is to practice speaking it every day. A．learn B．learning C．to learn D．learned 12．I’m very busy. I have an important meeting ________. A．attend B．to attend C．attending D．to attending 13．I have no time ________ your excuse. A．hear B．to hear C．to listen to D．listening 14．If we keep making wetlands smaller, birds will have nowhere ________. A．live B．to live in it C．live in D．to live 15．The way our students thought of ________ the classroom clean is proved to be very useful. A．to keep B．keeping C．kept D．keeps 【中考链接】 1．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 2．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Our teacher advises us ________ ourselves in the sunshine. A．enjoy B．to enjoy C．enjoyed D．enjoying 3．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）________ eyes healthy, we students should spend less time on screens. A．To keep B．Keep C．Kept D．Keeping 4．（2025·天津·中考真题）The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．protect B．to protect C．protects D．protected 5．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）We should build on past achievements and work together ________ a better world. A．make B．making C．made D．to make 6．（2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题）We need more work ________ our sky clearer, water cleaner and air fresher. A．make B．to make C．makes D．made 7．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）“ClimateGPT” is used ________ people with a good understanding of weather conditions. A．provides B．providing C．provided D．to provide 8．（2024·四川·中考真题）—What are you going to do this summer vacation? —I plan ________ my cousin in Hangzhou. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．visited 9．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）________ more about rare wild animals, I spent some time searching online last night. A．To learn B．Learning C．Learned D．Learn 10．（2024·天津·中考真题）People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows 11．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 12．（2024·云南·中考真题）Our headmaster will invite a scientist ________ us a speech on space technology. A．give B．given          C．giving D．to give 13．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）______ healthy, we students always do morning exercises every day at school. A．Keep B．To keep C．Keeping D．Keeps 14．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Jack, remember ________ off the lights when you leave your bedroom. —OK, I will. A．turned B．turn C．turning D．to turn 15．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）During the holiday of the Dragon Boat Festival, many people gather in Mochou Lake Park ________ the dragon boat race. A．watch B．to watch C．watches D．watched 16．（2023·上海·中考真题）Hanfu Day in our school aims ________ students a taste of traditional Chinese culture. A．offer B．offering C．to offer D．offered 17．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）—Do you always get up so early? —Yes. ________ the first bus. My home is far away from school. A．To catch B．Catching C．Caught D．Catches 18．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Our art teacher encourages us ________ colorful things in life. A．look for B．looks for C．looking for D．to look for 19．（2023·四川·中考真题）Mike made faces to make his little brother __________. A．laughs B．laugh C．to laugh D．laughing 20．（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）________the quality of PE classes, some schools put smart technology into use. A．Improving B．To improve C．Improve D．Improved 21．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）________ healthy, we’ve got used to washing hands before meals and using public chopsticks. A．Keeping B．Keep C．To keep D．To keeping 22．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）Travellers can’t wait ________ their new tours in the coming holiday. A．to start B．starting C．started D．start 23．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）I have decided to go to Beijing and ________ one of my old friends there. A．visiting B．visited C．visits D．visit 24．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Our school will invite Mr. Wang ________ us a talk on environmental protection next week. —That’s wonderful! A．give B．to give C．giving D．gave 25．（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）We expect the world _______ China better after the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou. A．understanding B．to understand C．understood D．understand 26．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club. A．join B．joining C．to join D．to joining 27．（2023·天津·中考真题）David learnt ________ when he was five. A．swim B．swims C．swam D．to swim 28．（2023·云南·中考真题）Today is Father’s Day, and I plan ________ a dinner for my father. A．to prepare B．preparing C．prepared D．prepare 29．（2023·四川泸州·中考真题）— What are you going to do this summer vacation? — I plan ________ Hua Hua, a nearly 3-year-old lovely panda in Chengdu. A．see B．saw C．seeing D．to see / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $