题型一 专题二 名词 专项提升 名词的适当形式填空-【一战成名新中考】2026贵州中考英语（人教版）·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质PPT课件（讲册）

该初中英语中考复习课件聚焦名词三大核心考向，严格对接中考说明，详细分析了名词单数变复数（每年必考1道）、名词变形容词（3年2考）、名词变所有格（2025.81）的考点权重，并归纳出适当形式填空这一常考题型。通过规则变化表、不规则变化口诀及判定方法步骤，系统梳理变形规律，结合2023.9等中考真题示例，体现备考的针对性和实用性。 课件亮点在于“考点精讲+真题精练”模式，如通过2025省一模success→successful实例，示范名词变形容词的“后缀-ful添加法”，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。考点精练包含单句填空与语法填空，强化规则运用与语境分析，帮助学生掌握答题技巧提高得分率。教师可依此制定专项突破计划，助力学生中考冲刺。

英语 1 2 第二部分 语法题型精讲练 ★题型一 语法填空 考点分类精讲练 专题二 名词 ★专项提升 名词的适当形式填空[每年1~2道] 3 用所给名词的适当形式填空主要涉及：①名词单数变复数；②名词变 形容词；③名词变所有格。 名词单数变复数 [每年必考1道] 1.填复数的判定方法(见专题一 专项提升P87) 4 2.变形方法 (1)可数名词单数变复数的规则变化表 类别 构成方法 示例 一般情况 加-s flower→flowers [2025.76] animal→animals [2025省一模78题] risk→risks [2024省一模79题] bottle→bottles [2023.73] 以字母s, x, sh, ch结尾的 词 加-es box→boxes class→classes brush→brushes watch→watches 特例： stomach→stomachs 5 类别 构成方法 示例 以辅音字母加y 结尾的词 变y为i， 再加-es baby→babies country→countries lady→ladies 以f或fe结尾 的词 变f或fe 为v， 再加-es leaf→leaves knife→knives shelf→shelves wife→wives 特例： roof→roofs belief→beliefs 续表 6 类别 构成方法 示例 以o结尾 的词 有生命的 加-es tomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes hero→heroes 特例： bamboo→bamboos 无生命的 加-s photo→photos piano→pianos radio→radios zoo→zoos 续表 7 (2)可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化 构成方法 示例 a→e型 man→men woman→women fireman→firemen fisherman→fishermen gentleman→gentlemen policeman→policemen postman→postmen 特例： human→humans oo→ee型 foot→feet tooth→teeth 特例： boot→boots 8 构成方法 示例 “某国人” 或“某洲 人”变化口 诀 ①中日永不变 Chinese→Chinese Japanese→Japanese ②英法a变e Englishman→Englishmen Frenchman→Frenchmen 续表 9 构成方法 示例 “某国人” 或“某洲 人”变化口 诀 ③其余-s加后面 African→Africans American→Americans Asian→Asians Australian→Australians Canadian→Canadians European→Europeans German→Germans Indian→Indians Italian→Italians Korean→Koreans Russian→Russians 续表 10 构成方法 示例 单复数同形 deer→deer sheep→sheep 合成词：将主体 词变为复数 passer-by→passers-by toothbrush→toothbrushes 其他 mouse→mice child→children 续表 11 1.名词作定语时，其单复数的变化情况如下： (1)被man/woman修饰的名词变复数时，需将该名词和man/woman均变为复 数形式。如： a man doctor→two men doctors a woman teacher→two women teachers 12 (2)被其他名词修饰的名词变复数时，只需把该名词变为复数。如： a girl student→two girl students a birthday gift→two birthday gifts 2.通常用复数或只有复数形式的名词：chopsticks 筷子，clothes 衣服， glasses 眼镜，scissors 剪刀，socks 短袜，trousers 裤子。 13 名词变形容词 [3年2考] 1.填形容词的判定方法 (1)所填词位于名词前作定语； (2)所填词位于be动词后作表语； (3)所填词位于形容词短语中，其结构为：be动词+形容词+介词； (4)所填词位于感官动词或连系动词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem, become, grow, get, turn, keep, remain之后；#5 14 (5)所填词位于复合不定代词后作后置定语； (6)所填词位于定冠词the后表示一类人； (7)所填词位于固定句型“It is+adj.(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.”和 “make/keep/leave+sb./sth.+adj.”中； (8)所填词位于“形容词+and/or+形容词”结构中。#9 15 2. 变形方法 (1)n.+-y cloud→cloudy health→healthy luck→lucky snow→snowy salt→salty sleep→sleepy wealth→wealthy wind→windy 注意：以下名词是双写末尾字母或去掉末尾字母e再加-y fog→foggy fun→funny sun→sunny ice→icy noise→noisy#16 16 (2)n.+-ly friend→friendly love→lovely week→weekly month→monthly year→yearly day→daily(把末尾字母y变为i再加-ly)#19 17 (3)n.+-ful success→successful [2025省一模80题] care→careful cheer→cheerful color→colorful harm→harmful help→helpful hope→hopeful joy→joyful meaning→meaningful pain→painful peace→peaceful power→powerful shame→shameful use→useful wonder→wonderful beauty→beautiful(把末尾字母y变为i再加-ful)#25 18 (4)n.+-less care→careless harm→harmless help→helpless home→homeless hope→hopeless meaning→meaningless use→useless (5)n.+-al education→educational environment→environmental music→musical nation→national person→personal tradition→traditional 注意：以下名词是去掉末尾字母e再加-al #32 culture→cultural nature→natural centre→central#33 19 (6)n.+-ous danger→dangerous [2023.76] (7)n.+-e(r)n gold→golden wood→wooden east→eastern west→western south→southern north→northern#38 20 (8)以-ence/-ance结尾的名词，把-ence/-ance变成-ent/-ant confidence→confident convenience→convenient difference→different#40 independence→independent patience→patient silence→silent importance→important (9)其他 pride→proud death→dead fool→foolish height→high hunger→hungry medicine→medical science→scientific truth→true#44 21 表示“国家”、“洲”的名词变为表示国籍、语言的形容词或名词 1.China (n.)中国 →Chinese(adj.)中国的；中国人的；汉语的 →Chinese(n.)中国人；汉语；语文 2.America (n.)美国；美洲 →American(adj.)美国的；美洲的 →American(n.)美国人；美洲人#52 22 3.Australia (n.)澳大利亚 →Australian(adj.)澳大利亚的；澳大利亚人的 →Australian(n.)澳大利亚人 4.Britain(=Great Britain) (n.)大不列颠；英国 →British(adj.)英国的；英国人的 5.Canada (n.)加拿大 →Canadian(adj.)加拿大的；加拿大人的 →Canadian(n.)加拿大人#60 23 6.England (n.)英格兰 →English(adj.)英格兰的；英格兰人的；英语的 →English(n.)英语 →Englishman(n.)英格兰人；英国人 7.France (n.)法国 →French(adj.)法国的；法国人的；法语的 →French(n.)法语 →Frenchman(n.)法国人#68 24 8.Germany (n.)德国 →German(adj.)德国的；德国人的；德语的 →German(n.)德国人；德语 9.India (n.)印度 →Indian(adj.)印度的；印度人的；印度语的 →Indian(n.)印度人 10.Italy (n.)意大利 →Italian(adj.)意大利的；意大利人的；意大利语的 →Italian(n.)意大利人；意大利语#77 25 11.Japan (n.)日本 →Japanese(adj.)日本的；日本人的；日语的 →Japanese(n.)日本人；日语 12.Korea (n.)朝鲜；韩国 →Korean(adj.)朝鲜(人)的；韩国(人)的；朝鲜语的；韩语的 →Korean(n.)朝鲜人；韩国人；朝鲜语；韩语 13.Russia (n.)俄罗斯 →Russian(adj.)俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人的；俄语的 →Russian(n.)俄罗斯人；俄语#86 26 14.Africa (n.)非洲 →African(adj.)非洲的；非洲人的 →African(n.)非洲人 15.Asia (n.)亚洲 →Asian(adj.)亚洲的；亚洲人的 →Asian(n.)亚洲人 16.Europe (n.)欧洲 →European(adj.)欧洲的；欧洲人的 →European(n.)欧洲人#95 27 名词变名词所有格 [2025.81] 1. 填名词所有格的判定方法 (1)空格处所填词和空格后的名词是一种所属关系； (2)空格处所填词是表示时间、距离、国家等无生命的词，空格后是名词。 28 2. 名词所有格的构成 名词所有格共有三种形式： 's所有格；of所有格；双重所有格。具体 情况如下： (1)'s所有格#2.1.1 类别 构成方法 示例 单数名词 加's the boy's book your father's birthday a day's work China's capital 29 类别 构成方法 示例 复数名词 不以-s结尾 加's Children's Day 以-s结尾 加' the girls' mom two hours' drive 表示几个人共同拥有 在最后一个 名词后加's Lucy and Lily's father 表示每个人各自拥有 在每个名词 后加's Jenny's and Sara's teachers 续表 30 1. 表示诊所、某人的家、店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地名时，所有格后面的 名词常省略。如： at Mary's 在玛丽家 2. 一些节日的表达用的是's所有格。如： New Year's Day 新年 Women's Day 妇女节 April Fools' Day 愚人节 Mother's Day 母亲节 Children's Day 儿童节 Father's Day 父亲节 Teachers' Day 教师节 31 (2)of所有格 of 所有格的构成为“名词+of+名词”，主要有以下两种用法： ①用于表示无生命事物的所有关系时，如：the owner of the schoolbag； ②用于表示有生命事物的所有关系时，特别是当这些所有者有较长的定语 时，如：the name of the girl in red。 32 (3)双重所有格 双重所有格主要表示整体中的一部分，有以下两种形式： ①of+'s所有格，如：a friend of my father's; ②of+名词性物主代词，如：a friend of mine。 33 名词变名词 1. 填名词的判定方法(见本书P87) 2.初中常见的名词变名词 art→artist tour→tourist violin→violinist piano→pianist science→scientist music→musician magic→magician law→lawyer friend→friendship office→officer 34 一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Don't stand against the door of the subway. It is so ___________ (danger). 2.To live a ________ (health) life, we should go to bed early and get up early. 3.We should develop a good habit of brushing ______ (tooth) at least twice a day. 4.Looking at the beautiful and _________ (peace) lake, I forgot all of my worries at once. dangerous healthy teeth peaceful 35 5. __________ (science) believe that we can solve the problem of plastic pollution in the future. 6.Go for it! There's still a long way to move forward before you become __________ (success). 7.Pandas are the symbol of peace and ___________ (friend). They are China's national treasures. 8.To keep the traditional art alive, the ______ (art) gives free lessons online about making Chinese knots. Scientists successful friendship artist 36 9.The hotel provides such a high level of service that it attracts ________ (tour) from all over the world. 10.Knowledge can help open up _________ (student) eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life. 11.The sports club offers _________ (difference) kinds of activities, such as swimming, tennis, and basketball. 12.The family are having a discussion about how to help the _________ (home) cats in the neighborhood. tourists students' different homeless 37 13.Over 64% of the people in the world use the Internet, so it's important to keep your _________ (person) information safe online. 14.I have noodles and vegetables because they are good for me. I think it's __________ (importance) for us to have healthy eating habits. 15.To get good grades, you'd better be ________ (patience) in the examination. The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 16.When I was young, my parents always told me not to trust a __________ (stranger) words easily. personal important patient stranger's 38 17.Thanks to these _________ (farmer) hard work, we have so many kinds of vegetables and food to enjoy. 18.To keep our teeth healthy, we should go to the _________ (dentist) to have our teeth checked every year. farmers' dentist's 39 二、语法填空 My hobby is collecting stickers (贴画). It is also one of the most popular 1. ________ (hobby) among us. 2. _________ (child) can enjoy this hobby because it is not expensive. I started collecting stickers when I was four years old. One day when I was playing in my 3. ___________ (neighbor) house, he showed me his stacks of sticker albums (相册). I was amazed to see so many 4. ________ (color) stickers of all shapes and sizes. He gave me a few pieces from his collection. My interest in stickers started from that day. hobbies Children neighbor's colorful 40 I kept my first set of stickers in a notebook but my subsequent (随后的) collections were kept in 5. _________ (beauty) boxes. By keeping the stickers in 6. _______ (box), I can exchange some of my stickers with my friends. After my family 7. __________ (member) knew my hobby of collecting stickers, they began to buy stickers for me whenever they came across nice ones. I love those stickers from my cousin who is an air hostess. She bought them from different 8. __________ (country) around the world. beautiful boxes members countries During my free time, I take out all my 9. _______ (love) collections, lay them on the ground and enjoy them. I want to be an 10. ______ (art) and keep collecting stickers when I grow up. They really bring me great happiness.#1.4 lovely artist $