专题01 动词时态（方法技巧+高考模拟）（期末复习讲义）高一英语上学期外研版

该高中英语动词时态期末复习讲义通过考情分析表格与分层知识框架系统构建复习体系，以近三年高考真题考点为导向，用表格归纳各卷高频时态（如现在完成时、过去进行时），并按“核心逻辑-结构-标志词-易错点”框架图呈现7大基础时态，通过对比表格清晰区分易混时态（如一般过去时与现在完成时）的内在联系与差异。 讲义亮点在于“语境化分层练习”设计与“逻辑化解题指导”，基础通关题夯实语法基础，重难突破题强化时态呼应，易混易错题聚焦动作关系分析，链接高考真题培养语言运用能力。解题技巧强调“抓标志词+析动作先后”，如通过“for/since”快速定位现在完成时，助力学生提升思维品质与学习能力，教师可据此实施分层教学，学生能自主查漏补缺，高效备考。

专题01 动词时态（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 现在完成时、过去进行时 【考向透视】 时态考查以 “语境化运用” 为主，阅读 / 完形中通过时间标志词判断时态，语法填空 / 改错侧重 “时态呼应”；现在完成时（含完成进行时）、过去进行时是近 3 年高频考点。 【复习目标】 复习需掌握 “时间标志词 + 语境逻辑” 判断法，区分易混时态，强化 “时态 + 语态” 综合运用。 新高考 I 卷 现在完成进行时、一般将来时 新高考 II 卷 一般过去时、过去完成时 浙江卷 现在完成时、现在进行时 2024 新高考 I 卷 过去完成时、现在进行时 全国甲卷 一般现在时、现在完成时 浙江卷 一般过去时、将来进行时 2023 新高考 II 卷 现在完成时、过去进行时 全国乙卷 一般将来时、过去完成时 浙江卷 现在完成进行时、一般过去时 高中核心时态重点讲解 知识点01 一般现在时 核心逻辑：表示习惯性动作、客观真理、当前状态或固定计划/时刻表 结构：主语+动词原形（三单作主语时，动词加-s/-es，如work→works；study→studies） 否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形；疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词原形？ 时间标志词：often, usually, always, sometimes, every day/week, once a week, on Sundays等 注意事项：客观真理即使在宾语从句中也用一般现在时（如He said the earth goes around the sun.）；三单 化需牢记特殊规则（如wash→washes, do→does） 【即时检测】 1. Water ____________________ at 100 degrees Celsius under standard pressure. (boil) 2. My mother usually ____________________ dinner at 6 o’clock every evening. (cook) 3. He ____________________ playing basketball, but he enjoys swimming. (not like) 4. The train ____________________ at 8:30 tomorrow morning, so we need to get up early. (leave) 5. ____________________ your father ____________________ newspapers after breakfast every day? (read) 6. If it ____________________ tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic. (rain) 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：三单变化遗漏或错误。规避方法：牢记“以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾加-es，辅音+y结尾变y为i加-es”，特殊动词（do→does, go→goes）单独记忆。 易错点2：客观真理误用过去时。规避方法：只要是公认的客观事实（如自然规律、科学真理），无论主句时态如何，从句均用一般现在时。 易错点3：时间/条件状语从句中误用将来时。规避方法：遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时表将来，如If it rains tomorrow（不用will rain）。 知识点02 一般过去时 核心逻辑：表示过去某个时间点/时间段发生的动作（已结束，与现在无关）或过去习惯性动作 结构：主语+动词过去式（规则动词加-ed，不规则动词需记忆，如go→went, eat→ate） 否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形；疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形？ 时间标志词：yesterday, last night/week/month, ago, in 2020, just now, when引导的过去时间从句等 注意事项：过去习惯性动作可用used to do（强调“过去常做现在不做”）或would do；需区分与现在完成时 的差异（前者无现在影响，后者有）。 【即时检测】 1. I ____________________ my grandparents last weekend and had a good time. (visit) 2. She ____________________ a teacher ten years ago, but now she is a writer. (be) 3. He ____________________ his homework yesterday because he was ill. (not do) 4. ____________________ you ____________________ the film yesterday evening? (watch) 5. When I was a child, I often ____________________ football after school. (play) 6. He used to ____________________ to school, but now he takes the bus. (walk) 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：与现在完成时混淆。规避方法：若句中有明确过去时间标志（yesterday/last week/ago等），仅表过去动作本身，用一般过去时；若强调“过去动作对现在的影响”，用现在完成时。 易错点2：used to do与be used to doing混淆。规避方法：used to do表“过去常常”，后接动词原形；be used to doing表“习惯于”，后接动名词。 易错点3：不规则动词过去式记忆错误。规避方法：分类记忆高频不规则动词（如AAA型：cut-cut-cut；ABB型：feel-felt-felt；ABC型：go-went-gone）。 知识点03 一般将来时 核心逻辑：表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或状态 结构：①will/shall+动词原形（shall多用于第一人称，will可用于所有人称）；②be going to+动词原形（强 调计划/打算或有迹象发生） 时间标志词：tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon, in the future, in+时间段（如in two days）等 注意事项：will表临时决定/客观预测，be going to表事先计划/主观迹象；be about to do表“即将发生”， 与具体时间状语连用。 【即时检测】 1. Look at the dark clouds! It ____________________ soon. (rain) 2. I ____________________ you with your homework this evening. I promise. (help) 3. She ____________________ going to buy a new bike next month. She has already saved money for it. (be) 4. ____________________ you ____________________ the meeting tomorrow morning? (attend) 5. The train ____________________ about to leave when he arrived at the station. (be) 6. If he comes, we ____________________ a party for him. (have) 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：will与be going to误用。规避方法：有明确计划/准备（如save money、book tickets）或明显迹象（dark clouds）用be going to；临时决定、承诺或客观预测用will。 易错点2：be about to do与具体时间状语连用。规避方法：be about to do本身含“即将”含义，不能与tomorrow/in 5 minutes等具体时间状语同用，可说be about to leave（不说be about to leave tomorrow）。 易错点3：过去将来时结构错误。规避方法：主句为过去时，表“过去的将来”用would+动词原形或was/were going to+动词原形，如He said he would come（不说will come）。 知识点04 现在进行时 核心逻辑：表示此刻正在进行的动作，或现阶段正在进行但此刻不一定在做的动作 结构：主语+am/is/are+动词-ing形式 否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+动词-ing；疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+动词-ing？ 时间标志词：now, at the moment, look, listen, these days等 注意事项：状态动词（如like, love, know, have）不用于进行时；可表近期确定的将来安排（如I’m leaving tomorrow.）现在进行时表将来的位移动词， go/leave/come， arrive、start、travel 【即时检测】 1. Listen! Someone ____________________ in the next room. (sing) 2. They ____________________ basketball now. Let’s join them. (play) 3. I ____________________ English this term. It’s very interesting. (learn) 4. She ____________________ TV now. She is doing her homework. (not watch) 5. ____________________ your brother ____________________ a book at the moment? (read) 6. We ____________________ for Beijing tomorrow. Our tickets are already booked. (leave) 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：状态动词误用进行时。规避方法：牢记“感观（see/hear）、情感（like/love）、认知（know/understand）、拥有（have）”等状态动词无进行时，表“此刻拥有”用have，不用is having（除have表“举办/吃”时，如is having a party）。 易错点2：混淆“现阶段进行”与“此刻进行”。规避方法：句中有these days/this term等时间标志，表“现阶段持续但此刻不一定做”，仍用现在进行时，如I’m learning English this term。 易错点3：表将来安排时误用will。规避方法：表示已计划好的近期将来（如已订票、约好时间），用现在进行时（go/leave/come等位移动词），不用will，如I’m leaving tomorrow（不说will leave）。 知识点05 过去进行时 核心逻辑：表示过去某个时间点/时间段正在进行的动作（常作背景，与一般过去时动作并列） 结构：主语+was/were+动词-ing形式 否定句：主语+was/were+not+动词-ing；疑问句：Was/Were+主语+动词-ing？ 时间标志词：at 8:00 yesterday evening, from 7:00 to 9:00 last night, when/while引导的过去时间从句等 注意事项：while引导的从句常用过去进行时（表持续动作），主句用一般过去时（表短暂动作） 【即时检测】 1. I ____________________ TV at 8:00 yesterday evening when my mother came back. (watch) 2. They ____________________ football from 3:00 to 5:00 last Sunday afternoon. (play) 3. She ____________________ dinner at that time. She was reading a novel. (not cook) 4. ____________________ they ____________________ a meeting at 10 o’clock yesterday morning? (have) 5. While Tom ____________________ basketball, he fell and hurt his knee. (play) 6. When the rain started, we ____________________ in the park. (walk) 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：while与when引导从句时的时态混淆。规避方法：while表“持续时间段”，从句多为过去进行时；when表“瞬间时间点”，主句多为过去进行时、从句为一般过去时（或反之），如While she was reading, the phone rang；When he arrived, I was cooking。 易错点2：两个持续动作并存时的时态选择。规避方法：若两个动作在过去同时持续进行，均用过去进行时，如They were singing while we were dancing。 易错点3：遗漏be动词（was/were）。规避方法：过去进行时结构必须完整（was/were+doing），主语为三单用was，复数用were，不可省略，如He was playing（不说He playing）。 知识点06现在完成时 核心逻辑：表示过去动作对现在的影响/结果，或从过去持续到现在的动作/状态 结构：主语+have/has+动词过去分词 否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词过去分词；疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词？ 时间标志词：already, yet, ever, never, just, for+时间段, since+时间点/从句, so far, up to now， “in the past few years”“over the last decade”（高考高频标志词）等 注意事项：与一般过去时的区别——前者强调“现在影响”，后者强调“过去动作本身”；for/since常与现在完 成时连用（表持续） 【即时检测】 1. I ____________________ my homework already. Can we go out now? (finish) 2. She ____________________ in this city since she was born. (live) 3. ____________________ you ever ____________________ the Great Wall? It’s amazing. (visit) 4. They ____________________ each other for a long time, so they have a lot to talk about. (know) 5. He ____________________ back from Beijing. He looks tired. (come) 6. We ____________________ English for six years by now. (learn) 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：与一般过去时混淆。规避方法：看是否有“现在关联”——能回答“现在怎么样了”用现在完成时（如I’ve finished my homework. 现在可以出去了）；仅陈述过去事实用一般过去时（如I finished my homework yesterday. 不涉及现在）。 易错点2：for/since与一般过去时连用。规避方法：for+时间段、since+时间点/从句表“从过去持续到现在”，必须与现在完成时连用，如He has lived here for 5 years（不说lived）。 易错点3：already/yet的位置错误。规避方法：already用于肯定句（句中或句末），yet用于否定句和疑问句（句末），如I have already finished；Have you finished yet？ 知识点07过去完成时 核心逻辑：表示在过去某一动作/时间之前已完成的动作（即“过去的过去”） 结构：主语+had+动词过去分词 时间标志词：by the time, before, when引导的过去时间从句，by the end of+过去时间等 注意事项：必须有明确的“过去参照点”（先于该参照点的动作才用过去完成时） 【即时检测】 1. By the time I arrived at the cinema, the film ____________________. (begin) 2. He told me that he ____________________ such a kind person before. (never meet) 3. She ____________________ English for five years before she went abroad. (study) 4. They ____________________ the project by the end of last year. (complete) 5. When we got to the station, the train ____________________ already. (leave) 6. I ____________________ the book before I attended the meeting. (read) 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：无“过去参照点”误用过去完成时。规避方法：过去完成时必须以“另一个过去动作/过去时间”为参照（先于该参照点），无参照点则用一般过去时，如He finished his homework at 8（无参照，用一般过去时）；By 8 o’clock, he had finished（有参照点8点，用过去完成时）。 易错点2：混淆动作先后顺序。规避方法：“过去的过去”用过去完成时，后发生的过去动作用一般过去时，如When I arrived（后发生）, the bus had left（先发生）。 易错点3：与现在完成时混淆。规避方法：过去完成时表“过去的过去”，与现在无关；现在完成时表“过去到现在”，与现在有关，如I have seen the film（现在知道内容）；I said I had seen the film（过去说的，仅涉及过去的经历）。 解｜题｜技｜巧 1. 抓时间标志词，快速定位时态 这是最直接的解题方法。看到now, look, listen→现在进行时；看到yesterday, last week, ago→一般过去时；看到already, yet, for/since→现在完成时；看到by the end of last year, before+过去动作→过去完成时等，可快速锁定答案范围。 2. 分析动作关系，判断“时间先后” 若句子无明确时间标志词，需梳理动作发生的先后顺序。若存在“过去的过去”（一个过去动作先于另一个过去动作），先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时；若动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时。 3. 关注主从句时态呼应 主句为现在时（一般现在时、现在进行时等），从句可根据实际语境用任意时态；主句为过去时（一般过去时、过去进行时等），从句需用相应的过去时态（客观真理除外，仍用一般现在时）。 4. 结合语境验证，排除错误选项 若仍无法确定，可结合句意判断动作的“状态”（一般、进行、完成）。如强调“正在进行”用进行时，强调“对现在的影响”用现在完成时，强调“单纯过去动作”用一般过去时。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1. The sun ____________________ in the east and sets in the west. (rise) 2. My father ____________________ in this factory for 20 years. (work) 3. When I called her yesterday, she ____________________ the phone. (not answer) 4. We ____________________ a picnic if the weather is fine this Sunday. (have) 5. Look! The children ____________________ around the playground happily. (run) 6. By the time we got home, it ____________________ raining. (stop) 7. She ____________________ to Beijing twice. She likes the city very much. (be) 8. He ____________________ to school by bike, but today he took the bus. (go) 9. At 9 pm tonight, most people ____________________ the evening news. (watch) 10. They ____________________ that bridge for nearly two years, and it still isn’t finished. (build) 11. When I was young, I ____________________ listen to stories told by my grandma. (used to) 12. ____________________ you ____________________ your report yet? The teacher is waiting for it. (finish) 13. The train ____________________ at 7:00 tomorrow morning. We need to hurry. (leave) 14. While she ____________________ a book, the phone rang suddenly. (read) 15. He promised that he ____________________ me with my homework the next day. (help) 16. Over the last two years, our school ____________________ a lot. (change) 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1. By the time the committee members reach a consensus, the project ______ (delay) for at least three months due to unforeseen technical obstacles. 2. The researcher pointed out that the ancient civilization ______ (develop) a sophisticated irrigation system long before other societies in the region adopted similar technologies. 3. As long as we ______ (stick) to the scientific research plan and allocate resources reasonably, we ______ (achieve) the breakthrough we have been striving for. 4. When the rescue team arrived at the remote mountain village, they found that the villagers ______ (survive) on wild fruits and spring water for nearly a week after the landslide. 5. The professor explained that the new theory ______ (challenge) the traditional assumptions about quantum mechanics and would require further experimentation to be fully verified. 6. Over the past decade, the government ______ (invest) billions of yuan in renewable energy projects, which ______ (play) a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions so far. 7. By the end of next year, the construction of the cross-border high-speed railway ______ (complete), enabling direct travel between the two countries in less than four hours. 8. The witness testified that he ______ (walk) along the street when he heard a loud explosion and immediately called the emergency services. 9. Scientists predict that if global warming ______ (continue) at the current rate, many coastal cities around the world ______ (submerge) by rising sea levels by 2100. 10. The author revealed that she ______ (work) on her latest novel for five years before it was finally published by a renowned publishing house last month. 11. Every time we ______ (visit) the historical site, we ______ (impress) by the exquisite craftsmanship of the ancient architects and the stories behind the relics. 12. The company announced that it ______ (launch) a series of new products in the coming year to meet the growing demand for intelligent home appliances. 13. By the time the students graduate from university, they ______ (learn) at least two foreign languages and gained practical work experience through internships. 14. The archaeologists discovered that the ruins they ______ (excavate) for months ______ (date) back to the Bronze Age, which shocked the academic community. 15. The teacher emphasized that good learning habits ______ (form) gradually through consistent practice and self-reflection rather than overnight. 16. When the journalist interviewed the famous scientist, he learned that the scientist ______ (devote) his entire life to studying the mysteries of the universe and had made remarkable achievements. 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1. He ____________________ in Shanghai for 5 years before he moved to Beijing. (live) 2. I ____________________ this film twice. I ____________________ it in 2022. (see) 3. —____________________ you ____________________ here for a long time? —Yes, I ____________________ here since 8 o’clock. (be) 4. She ____________________ drinking tea in the morning, but she ____________________ coffee when she was young. (like) 5. The plane ____________________ at 3 pm. We ____________________ for the airport now. (leave) 6. When I ____________________ at the station, the train ____________________ already. Don’t confuse the order of actions. (arrive); (leave) 7. It ____________________ when we went out, so we took umbrellas. (rain) 8. He ____________________ that he ____________________ to the party, but he hasn’t appeared yet. (promise); (come) 9. We ____________________ a meeting at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning. Don’t call me then. (have) 10. She ____________________ English since she was 6 years old, and she ____________________ the PETS-5 last year. (learn); (pass) 11. While Tom ____________________ his homework, his sister ____________________ the piano. Both actions were ongoing. (do); (play) 12. I ____________________ about the problem now. I ____________________ it out yet. (think); (work) 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 1.（2025年全国一卷·语法填空）“The players’ personalities ____________________ during the game, and one’sweaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____________________ to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture of respect for the other side. ” (show); (try) 2.（2025年全国二卷·语法填空）The “sunshine scent of freshly sunned clothes ____________________ one of them. (be) 3.（2024年新高考I卷·语法填空）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____________________ visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. (lead) 4.（2024年新高考II卷·语法填空）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ____________________ also Shakespeare’s concerns. (be) 5.（2024年浙江卷1月·语法填空）Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____________________ selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions. (start) 6.（2024年全国甲卷·语法填空）They ____________________ part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. (be) 7.（2023年新高考II卷·语法填空）As a little girl, I ________________ to be a zookeeper when I grew up. (dream) 8.（2023年全国甲卷·语法填空）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still ____________________ today to draw attention to important truths. (use) 9.（2023年全国乙卷·语法填空）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ____________________ by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing. (impress) 10.（2023年北京卷·语法填空）People ____________________ the Lantern Festival for over 2,000 years. It’s a traditional Chinese festival full of joy. (celebrate) 11. （2023年天津卷·语法填空）When we arrived at the hotel, the staff ____________________ for us at the entrance with warm smiles. (greet) 12. （2023年浙江卷6月·语法填空）By the time he graduated from college, he ____________________ three foreign languages. (learn) 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 动词时态（期末复习讲义） 年份 卷别 考点 考情分析 2025 北京卷 现在完成时、过去进行时 【考向透视】 时态考查以 “语境化运用” 为主，阅读 / 完形中通过时间标志词判断时态，语法填空 / 改错侧重 “时态呼应”；现在完成时（含完成进行时）、过去进行时是近 3 年高频考点。 【复习目标】 复习需掌握 “时间标志词 + 语境逻辑” 判断法，区分易混时态，强化 “时态 + 语态” 综合运用。 新高考 I 卷 现在完成进行时、一般将来时 新高考 II 卷 一般过去时、过去完成时 浙江卷 现在完成时、现在进行时 2024 新高考 I 卷 过去完成时、现在进行时 全国甲卷 一般现在时、现在完成时 浙江卷 一般过去时、将来进行时 2023 新高考 II 卷 现在完成时、过去进行时 全国乙卷 一般将来时、过去完成时 浙江卷 现在完成进行时、一般过去时 高中核心时态重点讲解 知识点01 一般现在时 核心逻辑：表示习惯性动作、客观真理、当前状态或固定计划/时刻表 结构：主语+动词原形（三单作主语时，动词加-s/-es，如work→works；study→studies） 否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形；疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词原形？ 时间标志词：often, usually, always, sometimes, every day/week, once a week, on Sundays等 注意事项：客观真理即使在宾语从句中也用一般现在时（如He said the earth goes around the sun.）；三单 化需牢记特殊规则（如wash→washes, do→does） 【即时检测】 1. Water ____________________ at 100 degrees Celsius under standard pressure. (boil) 2. My mother usually ____________________ dinner at 6 o’clock every evening. (cook) 3. He ____________________ playing basketball, but he enjoys swimming. (not like) 4. The train ____________________ at 8:30 tomorrow morning, so we need to get up early. (leave) 5. ____________________ your father ____________________ newspapers after breakfast every day? (read) 6. If it ____________________ tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic. (rain) 【答案】1. boils 2. cooks 3. doesn’t like 4. leaves 5. Does; read 6. rains 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：三单变化遗漏或错误。规避方法：牢记“以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾加-es，辅音+y结尾变y为i加-es”，特殊动词（do→does, go→goes）单独记忆。 易错点2：客观真理误用过去时。规避方法：只要是公认的客观事实（如自然规律、科学真理），无论主句时态如何，从句均用一般现在时。 易错点3：时间/条件状语从句中误用将来时。规避方法：遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时表将来，如If it rains tomorrow（不用will rain）。 知识点02 一般过去时 核心逻辑：表示过去某个时间点/时间段发生的动作（已结束，与现在无关）或过去习惯性动作 结构：主语+动词过去式（规则动词加-ed，不规则动词需记忆，如go→went, eat→ate） 否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形；疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形？ 时间标志词：yesterday, last night/week/month, ago, in 2020, just now, when引导的过去时间从句等 注意事项：过去习惯性动作可用used to do（强调“过去常做现在不做”）或would do；需区分与现在完成时 的差异（前者无现在影响，后者有）。 【即时检测】 1. I ____________________ my grandparents last weekend and had a good time. (visit) 2. She ____________________ a teacher ten years ago, but now she is a writer. (be) 3. He ____________________ his homework yesterday because he was ill. (not do) 4. ____________________ you ____________________ the film yesterday evening? (watch) 5. When I was a child, I often ____________________ football after school. (play) 6. He used to ____________________ to school, but now he takes the bus. (walk) 【答案】1. visited 2. was 3. didn’t do 4. Did; watch 5. played 6. walk 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：与现在完成时混淆。规避方法：若句中有明确过去时间标志（yesterday/last week/ago等），仅表过去动作本身，用一般过去时；若强调“过去动作对现在的影响”，用现在完成时。 易错点2：used to do与be used to doing混淆。规避方法：used to do表“过去常常”，后接动词原形；be used to doing表“习惯于”，后接动名词。 易错点3：不规则动词过去式记忆错误。规避方法：分类记忆高频不规则动词（如AAA型：cut-cut-cut；ABB型：feel-felt-felt；ABC型：go-went-gone）。 知识点03 一般将来时 核心逻辑：表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或状态 结构：①will/shall+动词原形（shall多用于第一人称，will可用于所有人称）；②be going to+动词原形（强 调计划/打算或有迹象发生） 时间标志词：tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon, in the future, in+时间段（如in two days）等 注意事项：will表临时决定/客观预测，be going to表事先计划/主观迹象；be about to do表“即将发生”， 与具体时间状语连用。 【即时检测】 1. Look at the dark clouds! It ____________________ soon. (rain) 2. I ____________________ you with your homework this evening. I promise. (help) 3. She ____________________ going to buy a new bike next month. She has already saved money for it. (be) 4. ____________________ you ____________________ the meeting tomorrow morning? (attend) 5. The train ____________________ about to leave when he arrived at the station. (be) 6. If he comes, we ____________________ a party for him. (have) 【答案】1. is going to rain 2. will help 3. is 4. Will; attend 5. was 6. will have 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：will与be going to误用。规避方法：有明确计划/准备（如save money、book tickets）或明显迹象（dark clouds）用be going to；临时决定、承诺或客观预测用will。 易错点2：be about to do与具体时间状语连用。规避方法：be about to do本身含“即将”含义，不能与tomorrow/in 5 minutes等具体时间状语同用，可说be about to leave（不说be about to leave tomorrow）。 易错点3：过去将来时结构错误。规避方法：主句为过去时，表“过去的将来”用would+动词原形或was/were going to+动词原形，如He said he would come（不说will come）。 知识点04 现在进行时 核心逻辑：表示此刻正在进行的动作，或现阶段正在进行但此刻不一定在做的动作 结构：主语+am/is/are+动词-ing形式 否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+动词-ing；疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+动词-ing？ 时间标志词：now, at the moment, look, listen, these days等 注意事项：状态动词（如like, love, know, have）不用于进行时；可表近期确定的将来安排（如I’m leaving tomorrow.）现在进行时表将来的位移动词， go/leave/come， arrive、start、travel 【即时检测】 1. Listen! Someone ____________________ in the next room. (sing) 2. They ____________________ basketball now. Let’s join them. (play) 3. I ____________________ English this term. It’s very interesting. (learn) 4. She ____________________ TV now. She is doing her homework. (not watch) 5. ____________________ your brother ____________________ a book at the moment? (read) 6. We ____________________ for Beijing tomorrow. Our tickets are already booked. (leave) 【答案】 1. is singing 2. are playing 3. am learning 4. isn’t watching 5. Is; reading 6. are leaving 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：状态动词误用进行时。规避方法：牢记“感观（see/hear）、情感（like/love）、认知（know/understand）、拥有（have）”等状态动词无进行时，表“此刻拥有”用have，不用is having（除have表“举办/吃”时，如is having a party）。 易错点2：混淆“现阶段进行”与“此刻进行”。规避方法：句中有these days/this term等时间标志，表“现阶段持续但此刻不一定做”，仍用现在进行时，如I’m learning English this term。 易错点3：表将来安排时误用will。规避方法：表示已计划好的近期将来（如已订票、约好时间），用现在进行时（go/leave/come等位移动词），不用will，如I’m leaving tomorrow（不说will leave）。 知识点05 过去进行时 核心逻辑：表示过去某个时间点/时间段正在进行的动作（常作背景，与一般过去时动作并列） 结构：主语+was/were+动词-ing形式 否定句：主语+was/were+not+动词-ing；疑问句：Was/Were+主语+动词-ing？ 时间标志词：at 8:00 yesterday evening, from 7:00 to 9:00 last night, when/while引导的过去时间从句等 注意事项：while引导的从句常用过去进行时（表持续动作），主句用一般过去时（表短暂动作） 【即时检测】 1. I ____________________ TV at 8:00 yesterday evening when my mother came back. (watch) 2. They ____________________ football from 3:00 to 5:00 last Sunday afternoon. (play) 3. She ____________________ dinner at that time. She was reading a novel. (not cook) 4. ____________________ they ____________________ a meeting at 10 o’clock yesterday morning? (have) 5. While Tom ____________________ basketball, he fell and hurt his knee. (play) 6. When the rain started, we ____________________ in the park. (walk) 【答案】1. was watching 2. were playing 3. wasn’t cooking 4. Were; having 5. was playing 6. were walking 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：while与when引导从句时的时态混淆。规避方法：while表“持续时间段”，从句多为过去进行时；when表“瞬间时间点”，主句多为过去进行时、从句为一般过去时（或反之），如While she was reading, the phone rang；When he arrived, I was cooking。 易错点2：两个持续动作并存时的时态选择。规避方法：若两个动作在过去同时持续进行，均用过去进行时，如They were singing while we were dancing。 易错点3：遗漏be动词（was/were）。规避方法：过去进行时结构必须完整（was/were+doing），主语为三单用was，复数用were，不可省略，如He was playing（不说He playing）。 知识点06现在完成时 核心逻辑：表示过去动作对现在的影响/结果，或从过去持续到现在的动作/状态 结构：主语+have/has+动词过去分词 否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词过去分词；疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词？ 时间标志词：already, yet, ever, never, just, for+时间段, since+时间点/从句, so far, up to now， “in the past few years”“over the last decade”（高考高频标志词）等 注意事项：与一般过去时的区别——前者强调“现在影响”，后者强调“过去动作本身”；for/since常与现在完 成时连用（表持续） 【即时检测】 1. I ____________________ my homework already. Can we go out now? (finish) 2. She ____________________ in this city since she was born. (live) 3. ____________________ you ever ____________________ the Great Wall? It’s amazing. (visit) 4. They ____________________ each other for a long time, so they have a lot to talk about. (know) 5. He ____________________ back from Beijing. He looks tired. (come) 6. We ____________________ English for six years by now. (learn) 【答案】1. have finished 2. has lived 3. Have; visited 4. have known 5. has come 6. have learned/learnt 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：与一般过去时混淆。规避方法：看是否有“现在关联”——能回答“现在怎么样了”用现在完成时（如I’ve finished my homework. 现在可以出去了）；仅陈述过去事实用一般过去时（如I finished my homework yesterday. 不涉及现在）。 易错点2：for/since与一般过去时连用。规避方法：for+时间段、since+时间点/从句表“从过去持续到现在”，必须与现在完成时连用，如He has lived here for 5 years（不说lived）。 易错点3：already/yet的位置错误。规避方法：already用于肯定句（句中或句末），yet用于否定句和疑问句（句末），如I have already finished；Have you finished yet？ 知识点07过去完成时 核心逻辑：表示在过去某一动作/时间之前已完成的动作（即“过去的过去”） 结构：主语+had+动词过去分词 时间标志词：by the time, before, when引导的过去时间从句，by the end of+过去时间等 注意事项：必须有明确的“过去参照点”（先于该参照点的动作才用过去完成时） 【即时检测】 1. By the time I arrived at the cinema, the film ____________________. (begin) 2. He told me that he ____________________ such a kind person before. (never meet) 3. She ____________________ English for five years before she went abroad. (study) 4. They ____________________ the project by the end of last year. (complete) 5. When we got to the station, the train ____________________ already. (leave) 6. I ____________________ the book before I attended the meeting. (read) 【答案】 1. had begun 2. had never met 3. had studied 4. had completed 5. had left 6. had read 易｜错｜点｜拨 易错点1：无“过去参照点”误用过去完成时。规避方法：过去完成时必须以“另一个过去动作/过去时间”为参照（先于该参照点），无参照点则用一般过去时，如He finished his homework at 8（无参照，用一般过去时）；By 8 o’clock, he had finished（有参照点8点，用过去完成时）。 易错点2：混淆动作先后顺序。规避方法：“过去的过去”用过去完成时，后发生的过去动作用一般过去时，如When I arrived（后发生）, the bus had left（先发生）。 易错点3：与现在完成时混淆。规避方法：过去完成时表“过去的过去”，与现在无关；现在完成时表“过去到现在”，与现在有关，如I have seen the film（现在知道内容）；I said I had seen the film（过去说的，仅涉及过去的经历）。 解｜题｜技｜巧 1. 抓时间标志词，快速定位时态 这是最直接的解题方法。看到now, look, listen→现在进行时；看到yesterday, last week, ago→一般过去时；看到already, yet, for/since→现在完成时；看到by the end of last year, before+过去动作→过去完成时等，可快速锁定答案范围。 2. 分析动作关系，判断“时间先后” 若句子无明确时间标志词，需梳理动作发生的先后顺序。若存在“过去的过去”（一个过去动作先于另一个过去动作），先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时；若动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时。 3. 关注主从句时态呼应 主句为现在时（一般现在时、现在进行时等），从句可根据实际语境用任意时态；主句为过去时（一般过去时、过去进行时等），从句需用相应的过去时态（客观真理除外，仍用一般现在时）。 4. 结合语境验证，排除错误选项 若仍无法确定，可结合句意判断动作的“状态”（一般、进行、完成）。如强调“正在进行”用进行时，强调“对现在的影响”用现在完成时，强调“单纯过去动作”用一般过去时。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1. The sun ____________________ in the east and sets in the west. (rise) 2. My father ____________________ in this factory for 20 years. (work) 3. When I called her yesterday, she ____________________ the phone. (not answer) 4. We ____________________ a picnic if the weather is fine this Sunday. (have) 5. Look! The children ____________________ around the playground happily. (run) 6. By the time we got home, it ____________________ raining. (stop) 7. She ____________________ to Beijing twice. She likes the city very much. (be) 8. He ____________________ to school by bike, but today he took the bus. (go) 9. At 9 pm tonight, most people ____________________ the evening news. (watch) 10. They ____________________ that bridge for nearly two years, and it still isn’t finished. (build) 11. When I was young, I ____________________ listen to stories told by my grandma. (used to) 12. ____________________ you ____________________ your report yet? The teacher is waiting for it. (finish) 13. The train ____________________ at 7:00 tomorrow morning. We need to hurry. (leave) 14. While she ____________________ a book, the phone rang suddenly. (read) 15. He promised that he ____________________ me with my homework the next day. (help) 16. Over the last two years, our school ____________________ a lot. (change) 【答案】1. rises 2. has worked 3. wasn’t answering 4. will have 5. are running 6. had stopped 7. has been 8. goes 9. will be watching 10. have been building 11. used to 12. Have; finished 13. leaves 14. was reading 15. would help 16. has changed 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1. By the time the committee members reach a consensus, the project ______ (delay) for at least three months due to unforeseen technical obstacles. 2. The researcher pointed out that the ancient civilization ______ (develop) a sophisticated irrigation system long before other societies in the region adopted similar technologies. 3. As long as we ______ (stick) to the scientific research plan and allocate resources reasonably, we ______ (achieve) the breakthrough we have been striving for. 4. When the rescue team arrived at the remote mountain village, they found that the villagers ______ (survive) on wild fruits and spring water for nearly a week after the landslide. 5. The professor explained that the new theory ______ (challenge) the traditional assumptions about quantum mechanics and would require further experimentation to be fully verified. 6. Over the past decade, the government ______ (invest) billions of yuan in renewable energy projects, which ______ (play) a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions so far. 7. By the end of next year, the construction of the cross-border high-speed railway ______ (complete), enabling direct travel between the two countries in less than four hours. 8. The witness testified that he ______ (walk) along the street when he heard a loud explosion and immediately called the emergency services. 9. Scientists predict that if global warming ______ (continue) at the current rate, many coastal cities around the world ______ (submerge) by rising sea levels by 2100. 10. The author revealed that she ______ (work) on her latest novel for five years before it was finally published by a renowned publishing house last month. 11. Every time we ______ (visit) the historical site, we ______ (impress) by the exquisite craftsmanship of the ancient architects and the stories behind the relics. 12. The company announced that it ______ (launch) a series of new products in the coming year to meet the growing demand for intelligent home appliances. 13. By the time the students graduate from university, they ______ (learn) at least two foreign languages and gained practical work experience through internships. 14. The archaeologists discovered that the ruins they ______ (excavate) for months ______ (date) back to the Bronze Age, which shocked the academic community. 15. The teacher emphasized that good learning habits ______ (form) gradually through consistent practice and self-reflection rather than overnight. 16. When the journalist interviewed the famous scientist, he learned that the scientist ______ (devote) his entire life to studying the mysteries of the universe and had made remarkable achievements. 【答案】 1. has been delayed （考察现在完成时被动语态，by the time引导时间状语从句，主句强调动作持续到现在的影响） 2. had developed （考察过去完成时，long before引导的时间状语从句提示动作发生在过去动作adopted之前） 3. stick; will achieve （考察一般现在时和一般将来时，as long as引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则） 4. had been surviving （考察过去完成进行时，for nearly a week提示动作在过去动作found之前持续进行） 5. challenged （考察一般过去时，and连接并列谓语，would require提示时态一致，描述过去的理论） 6. has invested; have played （考察现在完成时，over the past decade和so far为现在完成时的时间标志词） 7. will have been completed （考察将来完成时被动语态，by the end of next year为将来完成时的时间标志词） 8. was walking （考察过去进行时，when引导时间状语从句，强调过去某一时刻正在进行的动作） 9. continues; will have been submerged （考察一般现在时和将来完成时被动语态，if引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”，by 2100提示将来完成时） 10. had been working （考察过去完成进行时，for five years before...提示动作在过去动作was published之前持续进行） 11. visit; are impressed （考察一般现在时和一般现在时被动语态，every time引导时间状语从句，描述经常性、习惯性的动作） 12. would launch （考察过去将来时，announced为过去式，宾语从句中“来年推出产品”为过去的将来动作） 13. will have learned （考察将来完成时，by the time引导时间状语从句，主句强调到将来某一时刻完成的动作） 14. had been excavating; dated （第一空考察过去完成进行时，for months提示动作在过去动作discovered之前持续进行；第二空考察一般过去时，date back to为固定用法，常用一般过去时） 15. are formed （考察一般现在时被动语态，描述客观事实，主语good learning habits与form为被动关系） 16. had devoted （考察过去完成时，devote动作发生在learned之前，即“过去的过去”，且强调动作的完成） 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1. He ____________________ in Shanghai for 5 years before he moved to Beijing. (live) 2. I ____________________ this film twice. I ____________________ it in 2022. (see) 3. —____________________ you ____________________ here for a long time? —Yes, I ____________________ here since 8 o’clock. (be) 4. She ____________________ drinking tea in the morning, but she ____________________ coffee when she was young. (like) 5. The plane ____________________ at 3 pm. We ____________________ for the airport now. (leave) 6. When I ____________________ at the station, the train ____________________ already. Don’t confuse the order of actions. (arrive); (leave) 7. It ____________________ when we went out, so we took umbrellas. (rain) 8. He ____________________ that he ____________________ to the party, but he hasn’t appeared yet. (promise); (come) 9. We ____________________ a meeting at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning. Don’t call me then. (have) 10. She ____________________ English since she was 6 years old, and she ____________________ the PETS-5 last year. (learn); (pass) 11. While Tom ____________________ his homework, his sister ____________________ the piano. Both actions were ongoing. (do); (play) 12. I ____________________ about the problem now. I ____________________ it out yet. (think); (work) 【答案】1. had lived 2. have seen; saw 3. Have; been; have been 4. likes; liked 5. leaves; are leaving 6. arrived; had left 7. was raining 8. promised; would come 9. will be having 10. has been learning; passed 11. was doing; was playing 12. am thinking; haven’t worked 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 1.（2025年全国一卷·语法填空）“The players’ personalities ____________________ during the game, and one’sweaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____________________ to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture of respect for the other side. ” (show); (try) 2.（2025年全国二卷·语法填空）The “sunshine scent of freshly sunned clothes ____________________ one of them. (be) 3.（2024年新高考I卷·语法填空）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____________________ visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. (lead) 4.（2024年新高考II卷·语法填空）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ____________________ also Shakespeare’s concerns. (be) 5.（2024年浙江卷1月·语法填空）Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____________________ selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions. (start) 6.（2024年全国甲卷·语法填空）They ____________________ part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. (be) 7.（2023年新高考II卷·语法填空）As a little girl, I ________________ to be a zookeeper when I grew up. (dream) 8.（2023年全国甲卷·语法填空）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still ____________________ today to draw attention to important truths. (use) 9.（2023年全国乙卷·语法填空）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ____________________ by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing. (impress) 10.（2023年北京卷·语法填空）People ____________________ the Lantern Festival for over 2,000 years. It’s a traditional Chinese festival full of joy. (celebrate) 11. （2023年天津卷·语法填空）When we arrived at the hotel, the staff ____________________ for us at the entrance with warm smiles. (greet) 12. （2023年浙江卷6月·语法填空）By the time he graduated from college, he ____________________ three foreign languages. (learn) 【答案】1. show; tries 2. is 3. leads 4. are 5. have started 6. were 7. dreamed/dreamt 8. be used 9. have been impressed 10. have been celebrating 11. were greeting 9. 12. had learned/had learnt 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $