专项13 阅读理解（期末专项训练）六年级英语上学期（译林版三起）

专项12 阅读理解 01 解题小技巧 02【题型一】 阅读选择 03【题型二】 阅读判断 04【题型三】 任务型阅读 解题小技巧 小学英语 “阅读理解” 题型（含阅读选择、判断正误、任务型阅读）核心考查信息定位、细节理解及逻辑推理，掌握以下技巧可快速破题： 第一步：先读题干，明确目标 · 读题时标记关键信息（如人物、时间、地点、事件），避免盲目读文。例：题干问 “Where does Sam live?”，需重点找 “Sam” 和 “live” 相关内容；题干问 “Which dinosaur is bad?”，需标记 “dinosaur” 和 “bad”。 · 区分题型需求：选择题需明确选项关键词；判断题需锁定与句子对应的原文语句；任务型阅读需确定填空内容的词性（如数字、名词、动词）。 第二步：带着问题，定位原文 · 若题干有明确线索（如人名 “Ben”、地点 “Australia”），直接在文中找对应段落，圈出与题干相关的语句，避免凭记忆答题。例：题干提及 “kangaroos”，可快速定位含 “kangaroos” 的段落。 · 若题干无明显线索，按 “题干→原文→选项” 顺序排查，重点关注原文中的数字、动词、形容词，这些往往是解题关键。 第三步：对比分析，验证答案 · 阅读选择：将选项与原文语句对比，排除与原文矛盾（如时态错误、信息不符）或无中生有的选项。例：原文说 “kangaroos eat grass, leaves, roots”，选项 “eat grass and leaves” 因信息不完整需排除。 · 第三步：对比分析，验证答案 · 阅读判断：若原文语句与题干完全一致或意思相同，选 “T”；若存在矛盾（如地点、数字、动作相反），选 “F”。例：题干说 “kangaroos are in America”，原文是 “Australia”，则选 “F”。 · 任务型阅读：根据原文内容填空，注意单词形式（如名词单复数、动词时态），确保与原文表述一致。例：原文 “five hundred students”，填空需填 “five hundred” 或 “500”。 【题型一】阅读选择 （一） 阅读短文，选择正确答案。 On December 4, 2024, the UNESCO added “Spring Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in celebration of the traditional New Year” to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录). The Spring Festival is one of the most important festivals in China and around the world. During this festival, people wish for good things to happen in the future and for everyone to be happy and healthy. Celebrations (庆祝活动) for it last for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Let’s take a closer look at some of these celebrations: Paper-Cutting Art: Paper-cutting is a key part of the Spring Festival decorations (装饰). It symbolizes wealth, happiness and good fortune. It was created almost at the same time with the birth of paper. Dragon and Lion Dance: The dragon and lion dance is believed to bring good fortune. People watch the dragon and lion dance during the Spring Festival. Shadow Play: Shadow play is a traditional performance. Shadow plays use light and shadow to bring characters and scenes to life. There are some local music and singing styles in the play. 1．The Spring Festival was added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on ______ in 2024. (      ) A．14th December B．15th December C．4th December 2．The Spring Festival is one of the most important festivals ________. (      ) A．in China B．around the world C．Both A and B 3．People celebrate the Spring Festival for ________. (      ) A．fourteen days B．fifteen days C．sixteen days 4．Which celebration is not mentioned (提及) in this passage? (      ) A．Shadow Play. B．New Year Paintings. C．Paper-Cutting Art. 5．According to this passage, which sentence is right? (      ) A．People often watch the dragon and lion dance at Christmas. B．Shadow play isn’t a traditional performance. C．Celebrations for the Spring Festival end with the Lantern Festival. （二） 阅读下列短文，选出最佳选项。 American schools begin in September after the summer vacation (假期). There are two terms (学期) in a school year. The first term is from September to January, and the second term is from February to June. Most of American children begin to go to school when they are five years old. Most of students are seventeen or eighteen years old when they finish high school. High school students take only five or six subjects each term. They usually go to the same classes every day, and they have homework for every class. After class, they do a lot of interesting things. After high school, many students go to college (大学). They usually have to pay (付费), many college students work after school to get money for their studies. 1．How many terms are there in the US? (      ) A．Two. B．One. C．Three. D．Four. 2．When do summer vacations usually begin in America? (      ) A．February. B．May. C．July. D．September. 3．How long is the second term in a school year? (      ) A．About three months. B．About five months. C．About six months. D．About seven months. 4．What do high school students do after class? (      ) A．Do housework. B．Go to work. C．Play baseball. D．Do interesting things. 5．Why do many American college students work after school? (      ) A．To help others. B．To help their parents. C．To learn some useful things. D．To get money for their studies. （三） 阅读短文，选择合适的选项。 In England, people usually don’t talk very much. You can get on a bus or a train and you’ll find some people in seats looking out of the window. Some may be reading books or newspapers. But they don’t talk much. When you meet English people, they often talk about one thing-the weather. So when you meet someone in England, you can say, “Nice weather for the time of the year!” “But it was a little cold yesterday, “the Englishman may answer. “But it may be a little warmer later!” you can say. If you talk like this, the English may think, “How friendly you are!” 1．People ______ in England. (      ) A．talk very much B．don’t talk very much C．like talking a bus 2．In England, people on a bus or a train may be ______. (      ) A．looking out of the window B．reading books or newspapers C．A and B 3．A man is friendly if he ______ in England according to the passage. (      ) A．smiles at others B．reads books C．talks about the weather with others 4．If the Englishman says “But it was a little cold yesterday”, you can answer “______”. (      ) A．I don’t like cold days. B．Yes, I was cold too. C．But it may be a little warmer later! 5．Where is this passage most probably from? (      ) A．A guidebook about England. B．A storybook about animals. C．A science magazine about space. 【题型二】阅读判断 （一） 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。 In some places, people throw waste paper and used Coke cans（可乐罐）anywhere and everywhere. There are plastic bags flying in the sky when the wind blows and getting caught in the trees. Or you may see old cans sitting in rivers and polluting（污染）the water. Our environment, the place we live in, is getting worse. Believe it or not, every family in China makes about one ton（吨）of rubbish every year. That’s over 100 million tons of rubbish in China. All this rubbish makes our soil, our water and our air dirty. Some people still like littering. It’s too bad, and some rubbish like chewing gum（口香糖）is really hard to remove. It is clear that we can’t go on living like this. We need to cut down on our waste. This world is ours. It is our only world. And it is our job to try to save it. 1．It’s our job to save the world. ( ) 2．On windy days, the plastic bags could fly in the sky. ( ) 3．Our environment is getting worse. ( ) 4．Rubbish makes our water and air clean. ( ) 5．We shouldn’t waste anything. ( ) （二） 阅读材料，判断下列句子与材料内容是(T)否(F)相符。 NO PLASTIC BAGS! Protect the Earth Starting from September, Sam’s Club will not give you any plastic bags. You should bring your own bags when you shop. You can buy our recyclable (可再循环的) bags. It’s 5 yuan each. Remember(记住) to bring your own bags when you shop at Sam’s Club next time! If you bring your own bags, we can give you a 5% discount(折扣). 1．We should bring our own bags to buy things at Sam’s Club from August. ( ) 2．It’s an invitation(邀请函) from Sam’s Club. ( ) 3．To protect the Earth, Sam’s Club won’t give any plastic bags. ( ) 4．We should pay fifteen yuan for three recyclable bags. ( ) 5．Many sea animals die because they eat plastic bags. ( ) （三） 阅读短文，判断句子与文本内容是(T)否(F)一致。 This winter is not just cold—it’s freezing (极冷的)! How can we stay warm this cold winter? Here are some ways. Hot water bags can help us keep warm. Put one in your bed before sleeping. It is also good to warm your hands. Eating warm food can also help a lot. You can drink some hot soup and porridge (粥) when you feel cold. They can keep you warm. Feet always get cold in winter. Soaking (浸泡) them in hot water before sleeping can help warm them up. After that, you can sleep well. Children can soak for 10-15 minutes. Adults (成人) can soak for 15-30 minutes. Please wear warm and thick (厚的) clothes, for example, gloves, scarves and hats. 1．We can use hot water bags in our beds. ( ) 2．We can only eat hot soup and porridge when we feel cold. ( ) 3．Children can’t try foot soaks. ( ) 4．To keep warm, we can wear warm clothes. ( ) 5．There are three good ways to keep warm in this passage. ( ) （四） 阅读短文，判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)。 It was National Day last Sunday. And it was also Tom’s birthday. He had a party at home. His friends came and they all gave presents to him. They sang and danced. They were very happy. Tom’s parents gave him a model ship. After lunch, they went to a park. They played games there. They went home at 4 o’clock. After dinner, they went to the supermarket. Tom bought (买) a VCD of Japanese cartoons. He was very happy. 1．Tom’s birthday was on National Day. ( ) 2．Tom had a birthday party last Saturday( ) 3．They played games at the party. ( ) 4．The model ship was a birthday present from Tom’s uncle. ( ) 5．Tom likes watching Japanese cartoons. ( ) 【题型三】任务型阅读 （一） 阅读故事，完成下列任务。 Thousands of years ago, there was a clever old man in a village. One day, he lost(lose 的过去式，丢失) his horse. Other people thought(think 的过去式，认为) it was a bad thing and they consoled the old man. But the old man didn’t think so. Some days later, his horse came back with another fine horse. Other people felt happy for him, but the old man said, “It may be a bad thing.” Two days later, the old man’s son broke his legs when he was riding the horse. It was bad, but the old man said, “This may not be a bad thing.” Some days later, all the healthy young men were caught to fight a war(打仗). The old man’s son was safe because he could not walk. 1．根据故事内容，用数字1-4给下列图片排序。 ( ) ( )( ) ( ) 2．根据故事内容，选择正确的答案。 (1) What does the underlined word “consoled” mean? ( ) A．嘲笑                  B．安慰            C．探望 (2) What does the story tell us? ( ) A．As the saying goes(俗话说), “Bad luck often brings good luck.” B．Losing a horse can get two horses. C．Good things must turn into bad things. （二） 根据文章内容，完成以下任务。 Every day we can find changes (改变) around us. Do you notice (注意) the nest in the tree? Some days ago, there were still some eggs in it. And now we can hear birds cheeping (吱吱地叫). Do you notice the beautiful flowers in the garden? But last Saturday, there were still some little buds (花蕾). Do you notice the clothes shop near your school? There was a warm coat in the shop window last winter. Now there may be a pretty red dress. Do you notice your classmates? Lily had long hair last week and she came to school with short hair this morning. Peter didn’t wear glasses yesterday. And now be has a pair of black glasses . Changes make the world always new. 1．选出最佳选项。 (1) The underlined (划线的) word neat means ______ in Chinese. ( ) A．网                      B．鸟巢                     C．鸟蛋 (2) The buds can change into ______. ( ) A．grass                     B．trees                    C．flowers (3) Peter wears ______ now. ( ) A．a pair of yellow glasses     B．a pair of black shoes         C．a pair of black glasses (4) Which of the following is NOT true? ( ) A．The eggs can change into birds. B．The coat in the shop window changes from winter to summer. C Lily came to school with short hair last week. 2．回答问题。 Do you like changes? Why? （三） 根据下面短文，给图片排序。 A sign is a kind of language. Here are some signs we can see in our daily life. Please look at the first sign. It’s the sign with two children on it. It means there is a school nearby. Drivers must look carefully and go slowly so as not to hit the children. In order not to make too much noise, we must drive without honking (按喇叭) when we see the second sign. The third sign tells us we shouldn’t take the pets into the public place. We usually find the fourth sign at the gas station. If we don’t obey it, it will cause a fire or an explosion (爆炸). When there is an emergency at the shopping centre or other indoor public places, please try to look for the fifth sign. It tells us how to escape (逃脱). ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 参考答案及解析 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【题型一】 （一） 1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是关于春节及其庆祝活动的介绍。 1．句意：在2024年12月4日，春节被列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。A12月14日，B12月15日，C12月4日，根据原文“On December 4, 2024, the UNESCO added “Spring Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in celebration of the traditional New Year” to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录).”可知在2024年12月4日，联合国教科文组织把春节列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，故选C。 2．句意：春节是中国和全世界最重要的节日之一。A中国，B全世界，C中国和全世界，根据原文“The Spring Festival is one of the most important festivals in China and around the world.”可知春节是中国乃至全世界最重要的节日之一，故选C。 3．句意：人们庆祝春节长达15天。A14天，B15天，C16天，根据原文“Celebrations (庆祝活动) for it last for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival.”可知春节庆祝活动长达15天，以元宵节结束，故选B。 4．句意：在文章中哪一个庆祝活动没有被提及？A皮影戏。B新年画。C剪纸艺术。根据表格“Paper-Cutting Art; Dragon and Lion Dance; Shadow Play”可知庆祝活动包括剪纸艺术；舞龙舞狮；皮影戏，故选B。 5．句意：根据文章，哪句话是正确的？A人们经常在圣诞节看舞龙舞狮。B皮影戏不是传统的表演。C春节的庆祝活动以元宵节结束。根据原文“Celebrations (庆祝活动) for it last for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival.”可知春节庆祝活动长达15天，以元宵节结束，故选C。 （二） 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国的教育制度。 1．句意：在美国一年有几个学期？A2个。B1个。C3个。D4个。根据文中“There are two terms (学期) in a school year.”可知美国一个学年有2个学期，故选A。 2．句意：在美国暑假通常在什么时候开始？A二月。B五月。C七月。D九月。根据文中“The first term is from September to January, and the second term is from February to June.”可知美国第二学期是从二月到六月，暑假从七月份开始，故选C。 3．句意：一学年的第二个学期有多长？A大约3个月。B大约5个月。C大约6个月。D大约7个月。根据文中“The first term is from September to January, and the second term is from February to June.”可知美国第二学期是从二月到六月，大约5个月，故选B。 4．句意：放学后高中生干什么？A做家务。B去工作。C打垒球。D做有趣的事情。根据文中“After class, they do a lot of interesting things.”可知放学后高中生做很多有趣的事情，故选D。 5．句意：为什么许多美国的大学生放学后要工作？A为了帮助别人。B为了帮助父母。C为了学一些有用的东西。D为了挣学费。根据文中“They usually have to pay (付费), many college students work after school to get money for their studies.”可知美国大学生下课后工作是为了挣学费，故选D。 （三） 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文讲了英国人的日常沟通习惯。 1．句意：英国人_______。talk very much非常健谈，don’t talk very much不会过多交谈，like talking a bus喜欢乘坐公共汽车，根据“In England, people usually don’t talk very much.”，可知英国人不会过多交谈，故选B。 2．句意：在英国，乘坐公共汽车或火车的人可能_______。looking out of the window看向窗外，reading books or newspapers读书或报纸，根据“You can get on a bus or a train and you’ll find some people in seats looking out of the window. Some may be reading books or newspapers.”。可知在英国，乘坐公共汽车或火车的人可能看向窗外和读书或报纸，故选C。 3．句意：根据这篇文章，如果一个人在英国________，他就是友好的。smiles at others对别人微笑，reads books看书，talks about the weather with others和别人谈论天气，根据全文可知如果一个人在英国和别人谈论天气，他就是友好的，故选C。 4．句意：如果英国人说“但昨天有点冷”，你可以回答“_______”。I don’t like cold days.我不喜欢寒冷的日子。Yes, I was cold too.是的，我也很冷。But it may be a little warmer later!但稍后可能会暖和一点！根据第三段可知可以说“但稍后可能会暖和一点！”，故选C。 5．句意：这段话最有可能来自哪里？A guidebook about England.一本关于英国的旅游指南。A storybook about animals.一本关于动物的书。A science magazine about space.一本关于太空的科学杂志。本文讲了英国人的日常沟通习惯，故选A。 【题型二】 （一） 1．T 2．T 3．T 4．F 5．F 【导语】本文描述了环境污染的情况和保护环境的倡导。 1．句意：拯救世界是我们的职责。根据“ This world is ours. It is our only world. And it is our job to try to save it.这个世界是我们的，它是我们唯一的世界。努力拯救它是我们的责任。”，可知句子与文章相符，故答案为T。 2．句意：在刮风的日子里，塑料袋可能会在天空中飞舞。根据“ There are plastic bags flying in the sky when the wind blows and getting caught in the trees. 当刮风的时候，有塑料袋在空中飞舞并挂在树上。”，可知句子与文章相符，故答案为T。 3．句意：我们的环境正在变得越来越糟糕。根据“Our environment, the place we live in, is getting worse.我们的环境，也就是我们居住的地方，正在变得越来越糟糕。”可知句子与文章相符，故答案为T。 4．句意：垃圾使我们的水和空气变得干净。根据“All this rubbish makes our soil, our water and our air dirty.所有这些垃圾使我们的土壤、水和空气变脏。”可知句子与文章不符，故答案为F。 5．句意：我们不应该浪费任何东西。根据“We need to cut down on our waste.我们需要减少浪费。”可知句子与文章不符，故答案为F。 （二） 1．F 2．F 3．T 4．F 5．T 【导语】本文主要描述了山姆会员店保护环境的措施。 1．句意：从八月份开始，我们就应该带自己的包去山姆会员店买东西了。根据原文“Starting from September, Sam’s Club will not give you any plastic bags.”可知九月开始需要自己带购物袋，句子不符合原文，故答案为F。 2．句意： 这是来自山姆会员店的邀请函。 根据原文“NO PLASTIC BAGS!”可知文章描述的是山姆会员店建议使用环保购物袋，句子不符合原文，故答案为F。 3．句意：为了保护地球，山姆会员店不会赠送任何塑料袋。根据原文“Starting from September, Sam’s Club will not give you any plastic bags.”可知句子符合原文，故答案为T。 4．句意： 我们应该付十五元钱买三个环保袋。 根据原文“It’s 5 yuan each.”和“Buy 2 bags and get the third one for free(免费)”可知环保袋买2送一，花费10元，句子不符合原文，故答案为F。 5．句意：许多海洋动物因为吃了塑料袋而死亡。根据原文“Many sea animals die(死) every year because they eat plastic bags.”可知句子符合原文，故答案为T。 （三） 1．T 2．F 3．F 4．T 5．F 【导语】本文讲了在极冷的冬天保持温暖的四种方法。 1．句意：我们可以在床上使用热水袋。根据“Hot water bags can help us keep warm. Put one in your bed before sleeping.”，可知在睡觉之前可以放一个热水袋在床上，帮助我们保持温暖，故答案为T。 2．句意：当我们感觉冷的时候，我们只能喝热汤和粥。根据“Eating warm food can also help a lot. You can drink some hot soup and porridge when you feel cold.”，可知题干与短文不符，故答案为F。 3．句意：孩子们不能尝试泡脚。根据“Children can soak for 10-15 minutes.”，可知题干与短文内容不符，故答案为F。 4．句意：为了保暖，我们可以穿暖和的衣服。根据“Please wear warm and thick clothes, for example, gloves, scarves and hats.”，可知题干与短文内容相符，故答案为T。 5．句意：在这篇文章中有三种保暖的好方法。根据“Hot water bags can help us keep warm. Eating warm food can also help a lot. Soaking them in hot water before sleeping can help warm them up. Please wear warm and thick clothes.”可知保暖方法有四种，故答案为F。 （四） 1．T 2．F 3．F 4．F 5．T 【导语】本文主要介绍了汤姆的生日情况。 1．句意：汤姆的生日在国庆节。根据“It was National Day last Sunday. And it was also Tom’s birthday.”可知上周日是国庆节，也是汤姆的生日，句子和短文相符，故答案为T。 2．句意：汤姆上周六过得生日。根据“It was National Day last Sunday. And it was also Tom’s birthday.”可知汤姆上周日过得生日，句子和短文不符，故答案为F。 3．句意：他们在聚会上玩游戏了。根据“After lunch, they went to a park. They played games there.”可知他们在公园玩游戏了，句子和短文不符，故答案为F。 4．句意：轮船模型是汤姆的叔叔给他的生日礼物。根据“Tom’s parents gave him a model ship.”可知轮船模型是汤姆的父母给的，句子和短文不符，故答案为F。 5．句意：汤姆喜欢观看日本的卡通片。根据“Tom bought ( 买 ) a VCD of Japanese cartoons. He was very happy.”可知汤姆喜欢日本卡通片，句子和短文相符，故答案为T。 【题型三】 （一） 1． 1 3 4 2 2．B A 【导语】本文主要介绍塞翁失马的故事。 1．根据“One day, he lost(lose 的过去式，丢失) his horse.”可知这个老人丢了他的马，与第一幅图相符，排1。 根据“Some days later, his horse came back with another fine horse.”可知一些天后，他的马又带回另一匹好马，与第四幅图相符，排2。 根据“Two days later, the old man’s son broke his legs when he was riding the horse.”可知老人的儿子骑马时摔断了腿，与第二幅图相符，排3。 根据“Some days later, all the healthy young men were caught to fight a war(打仗). The old man’s son was safe because he could not walk.”可知老人的儿子因为不能走路没有去打仗，与第三幅图相符，排4。 故答案为1342。 2．(1)句意：划线的单词“consoled”意思是什么？根据“Other people thought(think 的过去式，认为) it was a bad thing and they consoled the old man.”可知是一些人认为老人的马丢失了是一件坏事，所以安慰他，故选B。 (2)句意：这个故事告诉我们什么？A俗话说，“塞翁失马焉知非福。”B丢失一匹马可以得到两匹马。C好事必须转变为坏事。根据故事内容可知选项A符合句意，故选A。 （二） 1．B C C C 2．Yes, I do. Because changes make the world always new. 【导语】本文主要介绍了我们周围的变化。 1．(1)句意：划线的单词neat在汉语的意思是______。A网，B鸟巢，C鸟蛋，根据“Do you notice (注意) the nest in the tree? Some days ago, there were still some eggs in it.”可知注意到树上的鸟巢，neat意思是鸟巢，故选B。 (2)句意：花蕾可以变成______。A草，B树，C花，根据“Do you notice the beautiful flowers in the garden? But last Saturday, there were still some little buds (花蕾).”可知花蕾变成花，故选C。 (3)句意：现在彼得戴着黑色的眼镜。A一副黄色的眼镜，B一双黑色的鞋，C一副黑色的眼镜，根据“And now be has a pair of black glasses .”可知现在彼得戴着黑色的眼镜。故选C。 (4)句意：下面哪个是不正确的？A蛋可以变成鸟。B商店窗户的外套从冬天到夏天变化。C丽丽上周留着短发去上学。根据“Lily had long hair last week”可知丽丽上周留着长发，C错误，故选C。 2．句意：你喜欢变化吗？为什么？本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，可写成：是的，我喜欢。因为变化让世界永远保持新鲜。故答案为Yes, I do. Because changes make the world always new. （三） 3 5 4 2 1 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些标志的含义。 【详解】图片为禁止宠物标志。由文中“The third sign tells us we shouldn’t take the pets into the public place. 第三个标志告诉我们不应该把宠物带到公共场所。”可知此标志为第三个标志。故序号为3。 图片为出口标志。由文中“When there is an emergency at the shopping centre or other indoor public places, please try to look for the fifth sign. It tells us how to escape (逃脱). 当购物中心或其他室内公共场所出现紧急情况时，请尽量寻找第五个标志。它告诉我们如何逃离。”可知此标志为第五个标志。故序号为5。 图片为严禁烟火标志。由文中“We usually find the fourth sign at the gas station. If we don’t obey it, it will cause a fire or an explosion (爆炸). 我们通常在加油站找到第四个标志。如果我们不遵守它，它会引起火灾或爆炸。”可知此标志为第四个标志。故序号为4。 图片为禁鸣标志。由文中“In order not to make too much noise, we must drive without honking (按喇叭) when we see the second sign. 为了不制造太多的噪音，当我们看到第二个标志时，我们必须开车不按喇叭。”可知此标志为第二个标志。故序号为2。 图片为注意儿童标志。由文中“Please look at the first sign. It’s the sign with two children on it. 请看第一个标志。这是有两个孩子在上面的标志。”可知此标志为第一个标志。故序号为1。 故答案为35421。 $