板块一 题型篇 专题二 第二讲 利用4个技巧 设空各个击破-（学生用书Word）【领跑高中】2025版高考英语二轮专题复习

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦阅读七选五题型，围绕语篇衔接与逻辑关系核心考点，按核心词复现、代词指代、逻辑关系、相似结构四个技巧系统架构知识点，结合2024年新课标卷等真题典例解析，通过技巧梳理、思路指导、真题训练环节，帮助学生构建解题框架，突破题型难点。 资料突出实战导向与策略创新，如核心词复现法通过同义词、反义词复现锁定答案，代词指代法借助代词线索衔接上下文，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置分层练习Test 1和Test 2，配合即时反馈，确保有限时间内最大化复习效果，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径，有效提升学生应考能力。

第二讲　利用4个技巧　设空各个击破 【随堂演练·验收效】 Test 1 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主理查德·费曼发明的被称为费曼技巧的一种聪明的学习方法。 1.B　根据上文It involves explaining what you’re learning to others. By teaching what you’ve learned from memory， you engage in active recall.可知，本空应是跟“这种学习方法的好处”有关的内容，故B项承接上文，符合语境。 2.D　根据下文The more interested you are， the faster you’ll grasp it. Moreover， a personally interesting topic will keep you motivated and engaged.可知，本空应是跟“感兴趣和学习的关系”有关的内容。故D项符合语境。 3.E　上文告诉我们如何选择话题，选好话题后则需要选择一个听众去讲解，E项中的teach it to someone else正好与下句explain it in a way that makes sense to a five-year-old相吻合。 4.G　根据上文While teaching you may discover gaps in your understanding.可知，本空应是跟“出现这种情况的解决办法”有关的内容；根据下文Review your notes， reread books， or seek external help to ensure you have a complete understanding of the context before moving forward.可知，出现这种情况的解决办法是回顾笔记。故G项符合语境。 5.A　根据下文You need to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else.可知，积极地思考问题意味着大量用脑。故A项符合语境。 Test 2 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。兴趣爱好不但会给我们的生活带来很多乐趣，而且会提升我们的健康水平。可是，我们应该如何培养新的兴趣爱好呢？ 1.C　根据下句But where should you start if you want to discover the hobbies ...可知，这里在谈论如何发现新爱好，因此C项符合语境。 2.A　本段主要建议我们选择简单易行的事情来做，刚开始不用花太多时间、金钱或资源，另外，要循序渐进。因此A项适合作为本段的小标题。 3.F　本段主要说明拥有开放心态的重要性，上句指出：开放的心态可以鼓励你在发现新兴趣爱好方面的创造力和创新精神。F项则进一步说明开放心态的好处。 4.E　上句提出了一个问题，E项中的The answer正好与此问题相呼应。 5.G　上句指出：许多大学提供职业评估来帮助学生决定主修什么以及如何作出职业选择，G项则接着说明你也可以使用这些工具（career assessments）来了解自己潜在的爱好。 第一讲　宏观把握，题文通读，架构了然于胸 真题体验 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过跑步和骑行两次经历认识到：要设定属于自己的目标，不应该轻易受他人影响。 41.C　上文提到作者会因为别人的成就而受到激励；结合下文中的Feeling motivated， I started running可知，此处指一个社区的朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，作者因此受到了激励。 42.A　根据语境并结合常识可知，作者受到了激励，因此应是开始定期跑步。 43.D　根据下文referring to 52.4-mile double marathon可知，作者遇到的那个女孩要参加一场52.4英里的超级马拉松比赛，因此她那时正在为之训练。 44.C　根据下文中的the pure boredom of jogging可知，作者认为慢跑无比无聊，本身没有跑步的意愿，所以老实讲，作者是讨厌跑15英里的。 45.B　根据上文可知，作者遇到的女孩为52.4英里的超级马拉松比赛训练，而作者最长只能跑15英里，因此对比之下在那个女孩面前作者跑步的成就显得非常渺小。 46.D　根据上文可知，跑步对作者而言是令人讨厌的，因此作者放弃了跑步，决定以后能让自己再次跑步的唯一原因是后面有一只大狗在追赶。 47.C　根据下文可知，作者买了一辆好自行车，骑了很多次，因此作者在放弃跑步后把自己的目标转向了骑自行车。 48.B　根据上文中描述的作者的经历和下文作者放弃了骑自行车可知，此处表示在骑行方面，作者一开始梦想着参加骑行比赛，直到飞往圣地亚哥看望姐姐。 49.B　根据上文中的I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.While she was at work one day以及下文中的went for a ride可知，作者去圣地亚哥找姐姐，一天姐姐在上班，作者去骑行了，因此此处是说作者向姐姐借了自行车。 50.A　根据空后一句可知，那里的道路穿过宽阔的山谷，在那里作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路；再结合下文的about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads可知，与当地那些习惯了这种路的人相比，作者不习惯这种路，这种路对作者而言是一个问题。 51.D　根据上文可知，作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路；再结合常识和下文作者放弃骑自行车可知，此处是在描述作者的困难，应是说作者从来没有遇到过这种挑战。 52.A　根据上下文可知，作者被熟悉这种路的当地骑行者超过。 53.D　根据上文可知，作者在骑行途中遇到了挑战，又被大约百人超过，作者受挫了，因此骑行对作者来说就没那么有吸引力了。 54.B　根据文章最后一句可知，通过跑步和骑行这两次经历，作者已经逐渐相信目标应该是为自己而设的，也就是说作者成熟了很多。 55.C　综合全文可知，在跑步和骑行这两次经历中，作者均因受到他人成就的影响而导致结果失败。此处是说自那以后，作者逐渐相信目标应该是为自己而设的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第二讲　利用4个技巧　设空各个击破 　　利用句子间的逻辑关系、语法手段（如替代）、词汇手段（如复现）是阅读七选五常见的命题方式，主要考查如何衔接语篇。做题时，通过分析选项，倒推上下文内容锁定答案。 　　阅读七选五题型主要考查学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。备选项中，个别选项间区分度不大，干扰性强，这就增加了题型的难度。如果不小心误选一题，就有可能造成连带效应，出现几个错误。七选五的设置，完全符合《英语课程标准》中“提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力”的要求。另外，高考考试说明中也有这样的表述：“如果希望准确、深刻地理解一篇文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。” 技巧（一）　核心词复现法 【典例1】　（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷节选） 　　·Get creative.The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else.Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world， it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.38.（　　） Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights？ C.Travel for you and no one else. D.Can overtourism be avoided then？ E.You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F.You’ll find yourself virtually alone， or close to it. G.Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 解题思路　根据本空前一句可知，作者认为游客还有很多其他选择，本空后一句提议游客尝试其他知名度较低的景点。由此可知，设空处应承上启下，涉及游客可选择的其他景点。E项中的undiscovered与本空前的less-visited和本空后的lesser-known为同义词复现关系。 参考答案　　E　 【典例2】　（2024·全国甲卷节选） 　　Eat with others whenever possible.Eating alone， especially in front of the TV or computer， often leads to mindless overeating.And be careful about the foods you keep at hand.It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready， like cookies.38.（　　） A.Eat properly throughout the day. B.We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger. C.Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work. D.Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E.Instead， surround yourself with healthy choices. F.For many of us， moderation means eating less than we do now. G.That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 解题思路　本段主要讲述了适度饮食的正确做法。本空前一句提到了不健康的零食，其中的unhealthy与E项中的healthy互为反义词，形成对比。E项（相反，让自己置身于健康的选择中）承接上文，符合语境。 参考答案　　E　 图解技巧 技巧依据　介绍段落主旨时，常会有核心词的复现，但不是词语的简单重复，而是核心词以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词的形式出现。在做题时，注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。 技巧（二）　代词指代法 【典例】　（2024·1月浙江卷节选） 　　The tip that comes up most often is simple： build online courses into your weekly schedule， just like what you would do with in-person courses.39.（　　） He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.It is so easy to let an online course slide， but your grades will suffer as a result.Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures， read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. A.But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. B.Your motivation should be your main concern. C.Do you know that online courses are also part of your education？ D.Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E.The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. 解题思路　本空后面句子由He开头，代词He必然指代上句提到的某一个具体人物。D项提到了具体的人物Professor Alex Davidson，呼应下文，符合语境。 参考答案　　D　 技巧依据　英语文章中代词出现的频率很高，代词可以用来指代前面提及的名词（短语）或句子，因此可借助这一线索准确解题。 图解技巧 技巧（三）　逻辑关系法 【典例】　（2023·1月浙江卷节选） 　　Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains， especially the sleeping car accommodations， sell out very quickly.36.（　　） But no matter when you travel，it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. A.Train trips aren’t for impatient types. B.You’ll have views from both sides of the train. C.The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D.That’s particularly true during busy summer months. E.You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. F.Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom. 解题思路　本空前的句子提供的信息是“大多数长途火车票，尤其是卧铺票，很快就会卖完”，D项（在夏季的旅游高峰期尤其如此）符合语境。 参考答案　　D　 图解技巧 技巧（四）　相似结构线索法 【典例1】　（2022·全国甲卷节选） 　　Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange， but they are important in various countries.40.（　　）， the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A.The more friends you make in your lifetime B.The more time you spend in any given country C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils 解题思路　根据空后的the more comfortable ...可推知，此处是“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”结构，答案锁定在A、B两项。再根据下文的“就会越习惯当地的异域文化习俗”可推知，B项（你在任何一个国家待的时间越长）符合语境，引出下文，且下文中的its指代B项中的any given country。 参考答案　　B　 【典例2】　（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷节选） 　　In a journal or on a piece of paper， put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37.（　　） Are you caring？Creative？ Generous？ A good listener？Fun to be around？They don’t have to be world-changing， just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. 　　At the top of a second page， put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one， list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when 解题思路　根据选段第二段中的On this one， list all the positive things you’ve done for others.可推断，此处也应该是类似的祈使句并要求写下一些个人特质，故B项符合结构相似要求。此外，根据本空前的Personal strengths.和本空后的例子可知，B项承上启下，符合语境。 参考答案　　B　 you helped a friend with their homework， when you did the ironing without being asked， or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.38.Whatever it is， no matter how small it might seem， write it down. A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D.It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E.It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. G.Whatever the mistake， remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 技巧依据　阅读七选五的体裁大多是说明文，常采用总—分或总—分—总形式，第一段说明事物的主题，下面几段从不同角度说明问题，最后总结，各段之间多是平行关系。在文章句式的使用上，多出现相似句型。有时候设空是句子的某一部分，所以可以借助相似句型和句子结构解题。 图解技巧 Test 1 　　（2024·广州模拟）Physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman developed a clever learning method known as the Feynman Technique. It involves explaining what you’re learning to others. By teaching what you’ve learned from memory， you engage in active recall. 1.（　　） It also ensures that you understand the topic， because you can only explain an idea if you truly understand it. The technique consists of four repeatable steps. 　　To begin， choose a concept or topic you wish to fully understand. 2.（　　） The more interested you are， the faster you’ll grasp it. Moreover， a personally interesting topic will keep you motivated and engaged. 　　3.（　　） Write notes and explain it in a way that makes sense to a five-year-old. If you’d rather avoid actually teaching someone， you can just teach it to an imaginary audience. But it works much better if you use a real person. They’ll be able to let you know when something isn’t clear. 　　While teaching you may discover gaps in your understanding. 4.（　　） Review your notes， reread books， or seek external help to ensure you have a complete understanding of the context before moving forward. 　　Now that you fully grasp the concept， test your understanding by trying to teach it to another person. This will help you identify any remaining areas of uncertainty you need to revisit. 　　The Feynman Technique is a great way for kids and grown-ups to learn. 5.（　　） You need to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else. However， with great efforts in mastering this method， you’ll see your learning results improve quicker than ever before. A.It is mentally demanding. B.This helps the information stick in your mind better. C.Teach it to a five-year-old， who would give you direct feedback. D.Your curiosity about it will determine the pace of your learning. E.Once you have chosen a topic， you can teach it to someone else. F.Active engagement plays a key role in promoting deeper learning. G.When this happens， refer back to the original material for the missing pieces. Test 2 　　Engaging in hobbies can offer a wide range of benefits that contribute to overall wellbeing and quality of life. 1.（　　） But where should you start if you want to discover the hobbies you don’t yet know you’ll love. Here are some tips for you： 　　2.（　　） 　　Select a hobby that is relatively easy to start and doesn’t require a significant time commitment or investment in specialized equipment or resources. If you’re wondering if paintballing might be a good fit， join an outing with a local Meetup group. Or sign up to do a one-time pottery class rather than a set of eight. You needn’t push yourself， because hobbies are supposed to be fun. 　　Have an open mind. 　　Being open to new experiences allows you to explore a wide range of activities and interests that you may not have considered before. This opens up opportunities for discovering hobbies that resonate with you on a deeper level. An open mindset encourages creativity and innovation in your approach to hobbies. 3.（　　） Actually， stepping out of your comfort zone will be good for your personal growth. 　　Take a trip back in time. 　　When you were a kid， what did you want to be when you grew up？ 4.（　　） For example， if you wanted to be a professional soccer player growing up， joining a local team or coaching some neighbourhood kids could lead to a long dormant passion. Childhood delights can easily evolve into adult hobbies. 　　Take an assessment. 　　Lots of universities offer career assessments to help students determine what to major in and how to make career choices. 5.（　　） If you’re a university graduate， connect with your university’s alumni centre； sometimes they make these assessments available for free. A.Start small. B.Establish a clear goal. C.It’s never too late to find a new hobby. D.Try to enjoy the journey of exploring a new hobby. E.The answer could point you towards an appealing hobby. F.It enables you to think outside the box and try new techniques. G.You can also use these tools to gain insights about potential hobbies. 提示：完成课后作业　专题二　阅读七选五题型针对练（一）～（四） 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $