内容正文:
专题01 感叹句(期末复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 5
感叹句
单项选择
语法选择
语法填空等
1.注重素养:更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。
2.情境化突出:借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境,将语法考察与实际生活相结合。
3.文化传承与价值导向明显:注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。
4.跨题型渗透融入:在各类题型中,感叹句的知识运用考查正不断渗透。
知识点01 What引导的感叹句
what 引导的感叹句以名词为中心,结构需根据名词的可数性和单复数调整,具体规则如下:
修饰单数可数名词
结构公式:What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:必须包含不定冠词 a/an,且置于形容词之后、名词之前;
a/an 区别:a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前(如 “a big tree”),an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前(如 “an old bag”);
注意:主语和谓语可省略(口语中常用),但核心名词和形容词不可少。
What a lovely girl (she is)!(她是个多可爱的女孩啊!)
What an interesting story (it was)!(那是个多有趣的故事啊!)
修饰复数可数名词
结构公式:What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:复数名词前不加 a/an;
注意:形容词需体现名词的复数特征(如 “tall trees”“colorful flowers”)。
What beautiful birds (they are)!(这些鸟多漂亮啊!)
What clever students (they were)!(这些学生多聪明啊!)
修饰不可数名词
结构公式:What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:不可数名词(如 “water”“advice”“progress”)前不加 a/an;
注意:形容词需描述不可数名词的属性(如 “sweet water”“good advice”)。
What fresh air (there is in the forest)!(森林里的空气多新鲜啊!)
What useful information (he gave us)!(他给我们的信息多有用啊!)
易|错|点|拨
冠词使用错误
错:What an useful tool!(useful 首音为 /ju:/,是辅音音素,需用 a)
对:What a useful tool!
错:What clever a boy!(a 应置于形容词后、名词前)
对:What a clever boy!
错:What a good news!(news 是不可数名词,不可加 a)
对:What good news!
【即时检测】
________ useful information Judy gave us! We all thanked her.
A.What B.What a C.What an D.How
【答案】A
【详解】句意:朱迪给我们的信息太有用了!我们都感谢她。
考查感叹句。句子为感叹句,中心词“information”是不可数名词,故用“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词+主语+谓语!”结构,不加冠词。故选A。
知识点02 How引导的感叹句
how 引导的感叹句以形容词或副词为中心,侧重描述事物的状态或动作的程度,具体规则如下:
修饰形容词
结构公式:How + 形容词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:形容词直接跟在 how 后,无需加冠词;
注意:强调人或事物的性质、状态(如 “tall”“happy”“exciting”)。
How tall (the building is)!(这栋楼多高啊!)
How happy (the children were at the party)!(孩子们在派对上多开心啊!)
修饰副词
结构公式:How + 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:副词直接跟在 how 后,强调动作的方式、速度、程度等(如 “quickly”“well”“hard”);
注意:常见副词多以 “-ly” 结尾,但部分副词(如 “fast”“hard”)无 “-ly” 形式。
How quickly (she runs)!(她跑得真快啊!)
How well (he plays the piano)!(他钢琴弹得多好啊!)
易|错|点|拨
特殊句型(修饰单数可数名词)
结构公式:How + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:此句型可与 “what + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词” 互换,但语气更强调形容词;
注意:a/an 需置于形容词之后、名词之前,与 what 句型的冠词位置一致。
How beautiful a park (it is)! = What a beautiful park (it is)!(这是个多美的公园啊!)
解|题|技|巧
错误句
错误原因
正确句
How a big apple!
误将名词 apple 用 how 修饰(how 后应接形 / 副词)
What a big apple!
What happily the kids are playing!
误将副词 happily 用 what 修饰(what 后应接名词)
How happily the kids are playing!
How beautiful flowers!
误将复数名词 flowers 用 how 修饰
What beautiful flowers!
口诀:名词前用 what,形副直接跟 how;先找核心词,再套对应结构。
【即时检测】
________ beautifully Wendy dances in front of the camera!
A.What B.What a C.How D.What an
【答案】C
【详解】句意:温蒂在镜头前跳得多么优美啊!
考查感叹句。感叹句结构为:“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”或“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”或“What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语!”。beautifully是副词,“Wendy dances”是主谓,则此处应用how。故选C。
知识点03 省略式感叹句(口语简化形式)
在日常对话中,为简洁表达,常省略主语和谓语,仅保留核心词(名词、形容词、副词或固定短语):
省略后仍符合基本结构逻辑:
What a mess!(多乱啊!—— 省略 it is)
How cold!(多冷啊!—— 省略 it is)
固定搭配(无需主谓):
What a pity!(真可惜!)
How time flies!(时光飞逝!)
【即时检测】
—Let’s go to see the West Lake this summer.
—________ fantastic advice it is! ________ I wish that the holiday can come soon!
A.What a; How B.How; What C.How a; What D.What; How
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——今年夏天我们去看西湖吧。——这是多么美妙的建议啊!我多么希望假期能快点到来!
考查感叹句。第一句中心词是不可数名词advice,符合结构“What+adj.+不可数名词+主谓”,所以第一空用what;第二句空后是主谓结构,符合“How+主谓”的感叹句结构,故选D。
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
1.________ encouraging message you’ve sent us!
A.How B.What C.What an D.What a
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你给我们发了多么鼓舞人心的信息啊!
考查感叹句结构。此句的中心词是单数名词message,应该用感叹句结构“What a/an+形容词+名词单数+主语+谓语”,encouraging为元音音素开头,不定冠词用an。故选C。
2.—His brother won the first prize in Culinary Competition (烹饪大赛).
—________ a wonderful boy!
A.What B.Who C.Which D.How
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——他的兄弟在烹饪大赛中赢得了一等奖。——一个多么棒的男孩啊!
考查感叹句。 What什么;Who谁;Which哪一个;How如何。句中“a wonderful boy”是“形容词+可数名词单数”的结构,需用What引导,符合“What+a+形容词+可数名词单数”的感叹句结构。故选A。
3.—________ exciting news report it is!
—Yes, it says there is a new zoo near our home!
A.What an B.What C.How an D.How
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——多么令人兴奋的新闻报道啊!——是的,它说我们家附近有一个新动物园。
考查感叹句。感叹句结构为“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”或“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”。分析句子结构可知,此句中心词“report”是可数名词单数,且“exciting”是以元音音素开头的单词,所以用“What an”引导感叹句。故选A。
4.________ extreme weather conditions many countries have experienced in recent years!
A.How B.What C.What a D.What an
【答案】B
【详解】句意:近年来许多国家都经历了多么极端的天气状况啊!
考查感叹句。根据“... extreme weather conditions many countries have experienced in recent years!”可知,此句为感叹句,感叹句有两种结构,what修饰名词或名词短语,结构为“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”;how修饰形容词或副词,结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”。本句中“extreme weather conditions”是名词短语,且“conditions”是复数形式,所以应该用what来引导感叹句,不需要冠词。故选B。
5.—________ lovely flowers!
—Thank you! I picked them from the garden.
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——多可爱的花啊!——谢谢你!我从花园里摘的。
考查感叹句的引导词辨析。What引导感叹句修饰名词;How引导感叹句修饰形容词或副词;What a修饰单数可数名词;How a为错误表达。根据“lovely flowers”可知,此处中心词是复数名词flowers,需要用What来引导感叹句。故选A。
6.—Tom has got the first prize in the writing competition.
—________ great progress he has made!
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——汤姆在写作比赛中得了第一名。——他取得了很大的进步啊!
考查感叹句。此处是感叹句,根据“great progress he has made”可知,此处修饰的中心词progress是不可数名词,用“What +adj.+不可数名词+主谓!”句型表示。故选A。
7.________ important advice you gave me yesterday! I solved the problem successfully.
A.What B.What an C.How D.How an
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你昨天给我的建议多么重要啊!我成功解决了问题。
考查感叹句的用法。空处所在句为感叹句,中心词advice是不可数名词,用what引导感叹句,结构为“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。故选A。
8.________ cool weather it is! We should wear our warm clothes.
A.What B.What a C.What an D.How
【答案】A
【详解】句意:天气真凉啊!我们应该穿暖和的衣服。
考查感叹句。根据“... cool weather it is!”可知,此句为感叹句,中心词weather是不可数名词,应用what引导,其结构为“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”。故选A。
9.______ pleasant weather we have these days in Shanghai!
A.What B.What a C.How D.What an
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这些天上海的天气多好啊!
考查感叹句。What用于修饰不可数名词;What a用于修饰可数名词单数,且冠词后的词需以辅音因素开头;How用于修饰形容词或副词;What an用于修饰可数名词单数,且冠词后的词需以元音因素开头。“weather”是不可数名词,需用“What”引导感叹句,结构为“What +形容词+不可数名词+主谓”。故选A。
10.— ________ excellent the party was!
—Yes. It was so great that I would never forget it.
A.What an B.How a C.What D.How
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——多么精彩的派对啊!——是的。它如此精彩,以至于我永远都不会忘记。
考查感叹句的用法。感叹句常用“What”或“How”引导,结构分别为What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语;How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。本句中“excellent”是形容词,后面直接接主语“the party”和谓语“was”,符合“How”引导感叹句的结构。故填D。
11.________ smart the boy is! He can read hundreds of poems.
A.What B.What a C.How D.What an
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这个男孩多么聪明啊!他能读数百首诗。
考查感叹句。感叹句的句式“what+不定冠词+形容词+单数可数名词+(主谓)”;“what+形容词+复数可数名词+(主谓)”;“what+形容词+不可数名词+(主谓)”;“How+形容词或副词+(主谓)”。本句空后为形容词smart,用how引导感叹句。故选C。
12.________ delicious the dish is!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这道菜多么美味啊!
考查感叹句。在感叹句中,当中心词是形容词(如“delicious”)时,用“How”引导;当中心词是名词时,才用“What”或“What a/an”引导。根据“delicious the dish is”可知,本句中心词“delicious”为形容词,无名词直接修饰,故需用“How”。故选C。
13.________ amazing the new digital product looks! It can do lots of things for us.
A.How B.What C.What a D.What an
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个新数字产品看起来多么惊人!它能为我们做很多事情。
考查感叹句的用法。感叹句中,How用于修饰形容词或副词,What用于修饰名词。根据“...amazing the new digital product looks!”可知,强调的中心词是形容词“amazing”,用“How+adj./adv.+主谓!”句式表示。故选A。
14.Look! ________ carefully Tim draws the picture! It looks beautiful!
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
【答案】B
【详解】句意:看!蒂姆画这幅画画得多仔细啊!它看起来很漂亮!
考查感叹句。What引导的感叹句结构为“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”;How引导的感叹句结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”。分析句子结构可知,此句中心词“carefully”是副词,所以用How引导感叹句。故选B。
15.— ________ beautifully you make paper cuttings!
— Thank you. I make them for the coming festival.
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你剪纸剪得多么漂亮啊!——谢谢。我是为即将到来的节日做的。
考查感叹句。 beautifully为副词,修饰动词make,符合How引导的感叹句结构,其结构为“How +副词+主语+谓语+其他”,故选C。
16.________ pity it is that we missed the concert by the famous musician!
A.What B.How C.What a D.What an
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们错过了那位著名音乐家的音乐会,真是太遗憾了。
考查感叹句。感叹句常见结构有“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”和“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”;What引导感叹句时,若修饰可数名词单数,需加a/an,此处pity是可数名词单数,符合“What+a+可数名词单数+主语+谓语”结构,a pity表示“一件遗憾的事”。故选C。
17.—Lucy, we will graduate in a week! We should keep in touch.
—________!
A.How time fly B.What time fly
C.How time flies D.What time flies
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——露西,我们还有一周就毕业了!我们应该保持联系。——时间过得真快!
考查感叹句。此处“how”引导的感叹句结构是“how+主语+谓语”。how time flies表示“时间飞逝”,感叹时间过得快。故选C。
18.____________ I admire your good spoken English!
A.What B.What an C.How D.How do
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我真钦佩你的英语口语呀!
考查感叹句。What开头的感叹句,所修饰的中心词是名词,How开头的感叹句,所修饰的中心词为形容词、副词或谓语动词。本句的中心词是“admire”钦佩,实义动词,应用how在句中作状语来修饰,表示钦佩的程度。故选C。
【点睛】拓展:常见的感叹句的结构。What +a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!;What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!;How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!;How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!;How+主语+谓语!。
19.The trip that you took with Bob sounds really ______ to me. ______ I wish to go!
A.exciting, What B.excited, What C.exciting, How D.excited, How
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你和Bob一起的旅行听起来真令人兴奋。我多想去啊!
考查形容词辨析及感叹句。exciting令人兴奋的,形容词物;excited感到兴奋的,形容人。第一空修饰“trip”用exciting;根据“...I wish to go!”可知此处满足how+主语+谓语的结构,用how引导感叹句,故选C。
20.I miss my friend very much. ________ I want to see him!
A.How a B.How C.What D.What a
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我非常想念我的朋友。我多么想见到他!
考查感叹句的用法。根据“I want to see him”是动词短语,需用“How”引导感叹句,强调程度,此处为“How+主语+谓语”的结构。故选B。
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
What do you do when you have trouble? Do you often have 1 (something) difficult to do with? When facing problems and worries, some people believe the 2 (bad) thing is to do nothing. Because if we run away from them, we 3 (have) more problems. Then how to deal with our problems?
It is useful to find someone you trust to talk to. Don’t keep your worries to 4 (you). Try to talk to others, you will become 5 (certain) less worried. The person doesn’t need to be an expert. Your friends or parents will be OK. They are always there 6 (help) you. We often say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. The more you talk to others, the 7 (few) worries you will get.
Maybe you 8 (not solve) your problems like this in the past. But now, just remember: 9 we talk to someone, we’ll feel worse. So are you going to talk to others when you have problems after 10 (learn) this passage?
【答案】
1.anything 2.worst 3.will have 4.yourself/yourselves 5.certainly 6.to help 7.fewer 8.didn’t solve 9.unless 10.learning
【解析】本文通过探讨面对困难和忧虑时的应对方法,强调了与他人交流的重要性,指出与他人分享问题可以减轻忧虑,并鼓励读者在遇到问题时主动寻求帮助。
1.句意:你经常有难以处理的事情吗?根据“Do you often have...difficult to do with?”可知,此处为一般疑问句,疑问句中常用anything表示“某事,任何事”,而something通常用于肯定句。故填anything。
2.句意:当面对问题和忧虑时,一些人认为最糟糕的事情是什么都不做。根据“the...thing”可知,此处指最糟糕的事情,应用形容词bad的最高级形式worst“最糟糕的”。故填worst。
3.句意:因为如果我们逃避它们,我们将会有更多的问题。根据“if we run away from them, we...more problems”可知,本句为if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,即:主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,所以此处应用一般将来时,其结构为“will+动词原形”。故填will have。
4.句意:不要把你的忧虑藏在心里。根据“Don’t keep your worries to...”可知,此处指不要把忧虑藏在自己心里,keep...to oneself“把……藏在心里”,固定短语,所以此处应用反身代词,you的反身代词为yourself“你自己”或yourselves“你们自己”。故填yourself/yourselves。
5.句意:试着和别人交谈,你肯定会变得不那么担心。根据“you will become...less worried”可知,此处指肯定会变得不那么担心,应用副词certainly“肯定,当然”修饰动词become。故填certainly。
6.句意:他们总是在那里帮助你。根据“They are always there...you.”可知,此处指他们总是在那里帮助你,应用动词不定式to help作目的状语。故填to help。
7.句意:你和别人谈得越多,你的忧虑就会越少。根据“The more you talk to others, the...worries you will get.”可知,此处为“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,表示“越……,就越……”,few的比较级为fewer“更少的”。故填fewer。
8.句意:也许你过去没有这样解决过你的问题。根据“in the past”可知,此处指过去没有这样解决过问题,应用一般过去时,其否定句需借助助动词did,did和not缩写为didn’t,后接动词原形solve“解决”。故填didn’t solve。
9.句意:除非我们和某人交谈,否则我们会感觉更糟。根据“...we talk to someone, we’ll feel worse.”可知,此处指除非和某人交谈,否则会感觉更糟,应用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。故填unless。
10.句意:那么在学了这篇文章后,当你遇到问题时,你打算和别人交谈吗?根据“after...this passage”可知,此处指在学了这篇文章后,after为介词,后接动词的-ing形式,learn的-ing形式为learning“学习”。故填learning。
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.—Look at the photo. ________ the Changchun people were having!
—Wow! They were celebrating the Ice and Snow Festival.
A.What fun B.How fun C.What a fun D.How a fun
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——看这张照片。长春人正玩得多开心啊!——哇!他们正在庆祝冰雪节。
考查感叹句。fun“乐趣”是不可数名词,感叹句中用what修饰名词,不能用a。故选A。
2.The story teaches us ________ important friendship is.
A.how B.what C.why D.when
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个故事教给我们友谊是多么重要。
考查how引导感叹句。how多么;what什么;why为什么;when什么时候。根据“The story teaches us...important friendship is.”可知,这个故事教给我们友谊是多么重要,how引导的感叹句,结构为“how+adj+主语+谓语”。故选A。
3._________ good time the children are having in the Century Park!
A.How B.What C.What an D.What a
【答案】D
【详解】句意:孩子们正在世纪公园玩得多开心啊!
考查感叹句。根据“have a good time”可知此处用感叹句结构what a adj. n.+主谓。故选D。
4.—_________ exciting news report!
—Yes. Nibocang was selected into the list of Jiangsu good people in May.
A.What B.How C.What an D.How an
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——多么令人兴奋的新闻报道!——是的。倪伯苍于5月入选江苏省优秀人才。
考查感叹句。本句是感叹句,强调的中心词是可数名词单数“news report”,引导词用what,且exciting首字母发元音音素,不定冠词用an。故选C。
5.________ great fun I had ________ to the speech given by favorite star!
A.What; listening B.What a; listening C.What; to listen D.How; to listen
【答案】A
【详解】句意:听我最喜欢的明星的演讲真是太有趣了!
考查感叹句和非谓语动词。前半句是感叹句,中心词是fun,不可数名词,所以用what引导;have fun doing sth.做某事很快乐,固定短语,所以第二空用动名词。故选A。
6.________ important work the doctors are doing! Let’s show our respect to them.
A.What a B.What an C.What D.How
【答案】C
【详解】句意:医生们在做多么重要的工作啊!让我们向他们表示敬意。
考查感叹句。how+形容词或副词+主谓;句子中心词是work,是不可数名词,其结构符合“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”,故选C。
7.________ time they had at the party!
A.What a good B.How good C.What good D.How a good
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他们在聚会上玩得多开心啊!
考查感叹句。根据“what a adj.+名词+主谓!”和“have a good time”可知,what a good符合句意。故选A。
8.________ it is ________ basketball with these new friends here!
A.How fun; to play B.What fun; to play
C.What fun; playing D.How fun; playing
【答案】B
【详解】句意:和这些新朋友们在这里踢足球是多么富有乐趣啊!
考查感叹句和非谓语动词。It is fun to do sth意为“做某事有趣”,其中fun是不可数名词,故用What引导感叹句“What fun it is to do sth!”意为“做某事多么富有乐趣啊”。故选B。
9.—Jane won first prize in the English speech competition.
—________ great progress she has made! Her English used to be pretty bad.
A.How a B.How C.What a D.What
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——简在英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖。 ——她取得了多么大的进步啊!她的英语过去很差。
考查感叹句。本句强调的中心词为不可数名词progress,应用What引导感叹句,结构为:What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语。故选D。
10.—Look, Mum! ________ fish! It looks like a ball.
—It’s a puffer fish. It can puff up to be a ball when facing danger.
A.How unusual B.What unusual C.What a usual D.What an unusual
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——看,妈妈!多奇特的一条鱼!它像一个球。——它是河豚。当它遇到危险,它能像球一样膨胀起来。
考查感叹句用法。根据“It looks like a ball.”可知这条鱼是不寻常的,形容词用“unusual”修饰,“unusual”元音发音开头,冠词用“an”, “fish”是名词,用“What”引导的感叹句“What an unusual fish!”。故选D。
二、完成句子
1.How lively the conversation is! (改为同义句)
lively conversation it is!
【答案】 What a
【详解】句意:这场对话多么生动啊!原句是一个感叹句,结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”,改为同义句时,需转换为“What”引导的感叹句结构,即“What+a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!”。“lively”以辅音音素开头,所以此处用a。故填What;a。
2.How kind the woman is! (写出同义句)
she is!
【答案】 What a kind woman
【详解】句意:这个女人多么善良啊!原句是感叹句,用how修饰形容词kind。同义句可以改为用what引导的感叹句,结构为“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”。这里woman是单数可数名词,需加冠词a,kind是形容词。故填What;a;kind;woman。
3.How interesting these books are! (改为同义句)
!
【答案】 What interesting books these are
【详解】句意:这些书多么有趣啊!原句是how引导的感叹句,其结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”。改为同义句时,可使用what引导的感叹句结构“What+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词单数/不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语”。原句中形容词是interesting,名词books是可数名词复数,同义句为What interesting books these are!故填What;interesting;books;these;are。
4.How lucky we are! (改为同义句)
we have!
【答案】 What luck
【详解】句意:我们多么幸运啊!原句是感叹句,结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。改为同义句,可用“What + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!”的结构。luck为不可数名词,故填What;luck。
5.How outgoing the girl is! (同义句转换)
outgoing girl she is!
【答案】 What an
【详解】句意:这个女孩多么外向啊!“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”的感叹句结构,可转换为“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”结构,outgoing是以元音音素开头的单词,用an。故填What;an。
链接中考(测试时间:15分钟)
一、单项选择
1.(2025·海南·中考真题)________ fast three years has passed!
A.How B.What C.What a
【答案】A
【详解】句意:三年过去得多快啊!
考查感叹句的用法。分析题干可知,本句强调的中心词是fast,属于副词,符合结构:How+副词+主语+谓语。故选A。
2.(2025·西藏·中考真题)________ great our motherland is! I love China!
A.What a B.What C.How a D.How
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们的祖国多么伟大啊!我爱中国!
考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知,该句是感叹句,中心词是形容词great,符合的感叹句结构为“How+形容词+主谓”。故选D。
3.(2025·四川凉山·中考真题)—Look! The students are learning paper cutting in the club.
—Wow! ________ interesting it is.
A.How B.What C.What an
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——看!学生们正在俱乐部学习剪纸。——哇! 这是多么有趣啊。
考查感叹句。根据“...interesting it is.”可知,本句核心词是形容词interesting,没有名词。因此,应使用How引导感叹句,结构为:How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语。故选A。
4.(2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题)—Sun Yingsha won the women’s singles final at the World Table Tennis Championships in Doha on May 25, 2025.
—______ exciting the news is!
A.What an B.What C.How an D.How
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——孙颖莎在2025年5月25日多哈世界乒乓球锦标赛中赢得了女单决赛。——这消息多么令人激动啊!
考查感叹句。分析句子可知,句中“exciting”是形容词,后面没有名词,符合“How+形容词+主语+谓语”的结构,因此用“How”引导,故选D。
5.(2025·吉林长春·中考真题)________ beautiful the poem Mom Knows Best is! I want to read it to my mom.
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【答案】C
【详解】句意: 《妈妈最懂》这首诗多么优美啊!我想把它读给我的妈妈听。
考查感叹句。根据“... beautiful the poem Mom Knows Best is...”可知,句子为感叹句,且中心词为形容词“beautiful”,因此应使用“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语”的结构,How表示“多么”。故选C。
6.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)—We are going to the Sanxingdui Ruins (三星堆遗迹). ________ we are!
—Have a good time!
A.What excited B.How excited C.How exciting
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我们要去三星堆遗址了。我们真是太激动了!——祝你们玩得开心!
考查感叹句和形容词辨析。excited激动的;exciting令人激动的。根据“...we are!”和选项可知,此处是“How+adj+主谓!”句型,修饰人,用excited。故选B。
7.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)________ good advice it is! I’m sure to make many friends at the party.
A.How B.What a C.What
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这是多么好的建议啊!我肯定会在聚会上交到很多朋友。
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句,中心词是不可数名词advice,用感叹句结构what adj. n.+主谓。故选C。
8.(2025·云南·中考真题)________ kind boy Mike is! He always helps his classmates with math.
A.How B.What C.What a D.What an
【答案】C
【详解】句意:迈克是个多么善良的男孩啊!他总是帮助他的同学学习数学。
考查what引导的感叹句。由“…kind boy Mike is”可知,此处考查的是“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”句型,kind以辅音音素开头,故冠词用a。故选C。
9.(2024·吉林长春·中考真题)________ helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely.
A.What B.What a C.How D.What an
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这演讲真有帮助!它告诉我们要安全地使用互联网。
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句,中心词是形容词helpful,用感叹句结构:how adj.+主谓。故选C。
10.(2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)—It was sunny several minutes ago, but it’s raining heavily now!
—________ difference a day makes!
A.What B.What a C.How
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——几分钟前还是晴天,现在却下起了大雨!——一天的变化竟然如此之大!
考查感叹句。How修饰形容词或副词;what修饰名词。设空所在句的中心词是单数可数名词difference,且是以辅音音素开头,所以用What a修饰,故选B。
二、完成句子
1.(2025·广东广州·中考真题)令我欣喜的是,他们很快就完成了。他们真聪明!
To my joy, they finished it in a short time. they are!
【答案】 How smart/clever/intelligent
【详解】此处作be动词的表语用形容词smart/clever/intelligent“聪明的”,句子是感叹句,中心词是形容词,故用感叹句结构:How adj.+主谓。故填How;smart/clever/intelligent。
2.(2024·广东广州·中考真题)这是一次多么有意义的经历啊!
experience it is!
【答案】 What a meaningful
【详解】根据题干可知,本句是感叹句,experience是可数名词单数,所以其句型结构为“What +a/an+形容词+可数名单数+主语+谓语”。表达“有意义的”用形容词meaningful,首字母发辅音音素,所以不定冠词用a,故填What;a;meaningful。
3.(2024·内蒙古通辽·中考真题)在收获的季节,农民是多么忙碌啊!
the farmers are during the harvest time!
【答案】 How busy
【详解】空处缺少“多么忙碌”,此处是感叹句,中心词是busy“忙碌的”,作表语;符合“how+形容词+主谓”结构。故填How;busy。
4.(2024·江苏常州·中考真题)这场音乐会的票真贵啊!
How !
【答案】expensive the tickets for this concert are
【详解】根据中文和“How…!”可知,本句是how引导的感叹句,其结构为:How+形容词+主语+谓语;贵:expensive,形容词;这场音乐会的票:the tickets for this concert,作主语;the tickets作主语时,谓语动词be用are。故填expensive the tickets for this concert are。
5.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)那几艘龙舟好美呀!
the dragon boats are!
【答案】 How beautiful
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处考查how引导的感叹句,结构是How+形容词+主谓!。beautiful“美丽的”,形容词。故填How;beautiful。
6.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)终身学习真是太重要了!
lifelong learning is!
【答案】 How important
【详解】根据中文提示和标点符号可知,此句是感叹句,重要的:important,为形容词,应为感叹句结构“how+adj+主谓”,位于句首,首字母大写,故填How;important。
7.(2023·湖北黄石·中考真题)跟同学们一起做志愿者是多么开心啊!
great fun is to do volunteer work with my classmates!
【答案】 What it
【详解】此处感叹句的中心词是不可数名词fun,用感叹句结构what adj. n.+主谓;主语是形式主语it,真正的主语是动词不定式。故填What;it。
8.(2023·湖北随州·中考真题)多么幸运的一天!
lucky day!
【答案】 What a
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,原句是感叹句,结构为:what+a/an+adj.+n.,lucky以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a。故填What;a。
9.(2023·贵州·中考真题)《山行》是一首多么美的诗啊!
beautiful poem Going up the Hill is!
【答案】 What a
【详解】本句强调的中心词是可数名词单数poem,用“What+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主谓”句型,beautiful首字母发辅音音素。故填What;a。
10.(2023·广东广州·中考真题)他们还赢得了广东省飞镖比赛冠军。多么棒的项目啊!
They won the Championship of Guangdong Darts Match, too. project it is!
【答案】What a wonderful
【详解】根据题干可知此处是一个感叹句。中心词为可数名词project“项目”,符合结构:What+a/an+形容词+主语+谓语。project是以辅音音素开头,应用a;wonderful“极好的”。故填What a wonderful。
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专题01 感叹句(期末复习讲义)
单元
语法点
常考题型
命题趋势
Unit 5
感叹句
单项选择
语法选择
语法填空等
1.注重素养:更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。
2.情境化突出:借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境,将语法考察与实际生活相结合。
3.文化传承与价值导向明显:注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。
4.跨题型渗透融入:在各类题型中,感叹句的知识运用考查正不断渗透。
知识点01 What引导的感叹句
what 引导的感叹句以名词为中心,结构需根据名词的可数性和单复数调整,具体规则如下:
修饰单数可数名词
结构公式:What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:必须包含不定冠词 a/an,且置于形容词之后、名词之前;
a/an 区别:a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前(如 “a big tree”),an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前(如 “an old bag”);
注意:主语和谓语可省略(口语中常用),但核心名词和形容词不可少。
What a lovely girl (she is)!(她是个多可爱的女孩啊!)
What an interesting story (it was)!(那是个多有趣的故事啊!)
修饰复数可数名词
结构公式:What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:复数名词前不加 a/an;
注意:形容词需体现名词的复数特征(如 “tall trees”“colorful flowers”)。
What beautiful birds (they are)!(这些鸟多漂亮啊!)
What clever students (they were)!(这些学生多聪明啊!)
修饰不可数名词
结构公式:What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:不可数名词(如 “water”“advice”“progress”)前不加 a/an;
注意:形容词需描述不可数名词的属性(如 “sweet water”“good advice”)。
What fresh air (there is in the forest)!(森林里的空气多新鲜啊!)
What useful information (he gave us)!(他给我们的信息多有用啊!)
易|错|点|拨
冠词使用错误
错:What an useful tool!(useful 首音为 /ju:/,是辅音音素,需用 a)
对:What a useful tool!
错:What clever a boy!(a 应置于形容词后、名词前)
对:What a clever boy!
错:What a good news!(news 是不可数名词,不可加 a)
对:What good news!
【即时检测】
________ useful information Judy gave us! We all thanked her.
A.What B.What a C.What an D.How
知识点02 How引导的感叹句
how 引导的感叹句以形容词或副词为中心,侧重描述事物的状态或动作的程度,具体规则如下:
修饰形容词
结构公式:How + 形容词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:形容词直接跟在 how 后,无需加冠词;
注意:强调人或事物的性质、状态(如 “tall”“happy”“exciting”)。
How tall (the building is)!(这栋楼多高啊!)
How happy (the children were at the party)!(孩子们在派对上多开心啊!)
修饰副词
结构公式:How + 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:副词直接跟在 how 后,强调动作的方式、速度、程度等(如 “quickly”“well”“hard”);
注意:常见副词多以 “-ly” 结尾,但部分副词(如 “fast”“hard”)无 “-ly” 形式。
How quickly (she runs)!(她跑得真快啊!)
How well (he plays the piano)!(他钢琴弹得多好啊!)
易|错|点|拨
特殊句型(修饰单数可数名词)
结构公式:How + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
温馨提示:此句型可与 “what + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词” 互换,但语气更强调形容词;
注意:a/an 需置于形容词之后、名词之前,与 what 句型的冠词位置一致。
How beautiful a park (it is)! = What a beautiful park (it is)!(这是个多美的公园啊!)
解|题|技|巧
错误句
错误原因
正确句
How a big apple!
误将名词 apple 用 how 修饰(how 后应接形 / 副词)
What a big apple!
What happily the kids are playing!
误将副词 happily 用 what 修饰(what 后应接名词)
How happily the kids are playing!
How beautiful flowers!
误将复数名词 flowers 用 how 修饰
What beautiful flowers!
口诀:名词前用 what,形副直接跟 how;先找核心词,再套对应结构。
【即时检测】
________ beautifully Wendy dances in front of the camera!
A.What B.What a C.How D.What an
知识点03 省略式感叹句(口语简化形式)
在日常对话中,为简洁表达,常省略主语和谓语,仅保留核心词(名词、形容词、副词或固定短语):
省略后仍符合基本结构逻辑:
What a mess!(多乱啊!—— 省略 it is)
How cold!(多冷啊!—— 省略 it is)
固定搭配(无需主谓):
What a pity!(真可惜!)
How time flies!(时光飞逝!)
【即时检测】
—Let’s go to see the West Lake this summer.
—________ fantastic advice it is! ________ I wish that the holiday can come soon!
A.What a; How B.How; What C.How a; What D.What; How
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)
1.________ encouraging message you’ve sent us!
A.How B.What C.What an D.What a
2.—His brother won the first prize in Culinary Competition (烹饪大赛).
—________ a wonderful boy!
A.What B.Who C.Which D.How
3.—________ exciting news report it is!
—Yes, it says there is a new zoo near our home!
A.What an B.What C.How an D.How
4.________ extreme weather conditions many countries have experienced in recent years!
A.How B.What C.What a D.What an
5.—________ lovely flowers!
—Thank you! I picked them from the garden.
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
6.—Tom has got the first prize in the writing competition.
—________ great progress he has made!
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
7.________ important advice you gave me yesterday! I solved the problem successfully.
A.What B.What an C.How D.How an
8.________ cool weather it is! We should wear our warm clothes.
A.What B.What a C.What an D.How
9.______ pleasant weather we have these days in Shanghai!
A.What B.What a C.How D.What an
10.— ________ excellent the party was!
—Yes. It was so great that I would never forget it.
A.What an B.How a C.What D.How
11.________ smart the boy is! He can read hundreds of poems.
A.What B.What a C.How D.What an
12.________ delicious the dish is!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
13.________ amazing the new digital product looks! It can do lots of things for us.
A.How B.What C.What a D.What an
14.Look! ________ carefully Tim draws the picture! It looks beautiful!
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
15.— ________ beautifully you make paper cuttings!
— Thank you. I make them for the coming festival.
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
16.________ pity it is that we missed the concert by the famous musician!
A.What B.How C.What a D.What an
17.—Lucy, we will graduate in a week! We should keep in touch.
—________!
A.How time fly B.What time fly
C.How time flies D.What time flies
18.____________ I admire your good spoken English!
A.What B.What an C.How D.How do
19.The trip that you took with Bob sounds really ______ to me. ______ I wish to go!
A.exciting, What B.excited, What C.exciting, How D.excited, How
20.I miss my friend very much. ________ I want to see him!
A.How a B.How C.What D.What a
重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
What do you do when you have trouble? Do you often have 1 (something) difficult to do with? When facing problems and worries, some people believe the 2 (bad) thing is to do nothing. Because if we run away from them, we 3 (have) more problems. Then how to deal with our problems?
It is useful to find someone you trust to talk to. Don’t keep your worries to 4 (you). Try to talk to others, you will become 5 (certain) less worried. The person doesn’t need to be an expert. Your friends or parents will be OK. They are always there 6 (help) you. We often say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. The more you talk to others, the 7 (few) worries you will get.
Maybe you 8 (not solve) your problems like this in the past. But now, just remember: 9 we talk to someone, we’ll feel worse. So are you going to talk to others when you have problems after 10 (learn) this passage?
易混易错(测试时间:10分钟)
一、单项选择
1.—Look at the photo. ________ the Changchun people were having!
—Wow! They were celebrating the Ice and Snow Festival.
A.What fun B.How fun C.What a fun D.How a fun
2.The story teaches us ________ important friendship is.
A.how B.what C.why D.when
3._________ good time the children are having in the Century Park!
A.How B.What C.What an D.What a
4.—_________ exciting news report!
—Yes. Nibocang was selected into the list of Jiangsu good people in May.
A.What B.How C.What an D.How an
5.________ great fun I had ________ to the speech given by favorite star!
A.What; listening B.What a; listening C.What; to listen D.How; to listen
6.________ important work the doctors are doing! Let’s show our respect to them.
A.What a B.What an C.What D.How
7.________ time they had at the party!
A.What a good B.How good C.What good D.How a good
8.________ it is ________ basketball with these new friends here!
A.How fun; to play B.What fun; to play
C.What fun; playing D.How fun; playing
9.—Jane won first prize in the English speech competition.
—________ great progress she has made! Her English used to be pretty bad.
A.How a B.How C.What a D.What
10.—Look, Mum! ________ fish! It looks like a ball.
—It’s a puffer fish. It can puff up to be a ball when facing danger.
A.How unusual B.What unusual C.What a usual D.What an unusual
二、完成句子
1.How lively the conversation is! (改为同义句)
lively conversation it is!
2.How kind the woman is! (写出同义句)
she is!
3.How interesting these books are! (改为同义句)
!
4.How lucky we are! (改为同义句)
we have!
5.How outgoing the girl is! (同义句转换)
outgoing girl she is!
链接中考(测试时间:15分钟)
一、单项选择
1.(2025·海南·中考真题)________ fast three years has passed!
A.How B.What C.What a
2.(2025·西藏·中考真题)________ great our motherland is! I love China!
A.What a B.What C.How a D.How
3.(2025·四川凉山·中考真题)—Look! The students are learning paper cutting in the club.
—Wow! ________ interesting it is.
A.How B.What C.What an
4.(2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题)—Sun Yingsha won the women’s singles final at the World Table Tennis Championships in Doha on May 25, 2025.
—______ exciting the news is!
A.What an B.What C.How an D.How
5.(2025·吉林长春·中考真题)________ beautiful the poem Mom Knows Best is! I want to read it to my mom.
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
6.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)—We are going to the Sanxingdui Ruins (三星堆遗迹). ________ we are!
—Have a good time!
A.What excited B.How excited C.How exciting
7.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)________ good advice it is! I’m sure to make many friends at the party.
A.How B.What a C.What
8.(2025·云南·中考真题)________ kind boy Mike is! He always helps his classmates with math.
A.How B.What C.What a D.What an
9.(2024·吉林长春·中考真题)________ helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely.
A.What B.What a C.How D.What an
10.(2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)—It was sunny several minutes ago, but it’s raining heavily now!
—________ difference a day makes!
A.What B.What a C.How
二、完成句子
1.(2025·广东广州·中考真题)令我欣喜的是,他们很快就完成了。他们真聪明!
To my joy, they finished it in a short time. they are!
2.(2024·广东广州·中考真题)这是一次多么有意义的经历啊!
experience it is!
3.(2024·内蒙古通辽·中考真题)在收获的季节,农民是多么忙碌啊!
the farmers are during the harvest time!
4.(2024·江苏常州·中考真题)这场音乐会的票真贵啊!
How !
5.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)那几艘龙舟好美呀!
the dragon boats are!
6.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)终身学习真是太重要了!
lifelong learning is!
7.(2023·湖北黄石·中考真题)跟同学们一起做志愿者是多么开心啊!
great fun is to do volunteer work with my classmates!
8.(2023·湖北随州·中考真题)多么幸运的一天!
lucky day!
9.(2023·贵州·中考真题)《山行》是一首多么美的诗啊!
beautiful poem Going up the Hill is!
10.(2023·广东广州·中考真题)他们还赢得了广东省飞镖比赛冠军。多么棒的项目啊!
They won the Championship of Guangdong Darts Match, too. project it is!
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