内容正文:
专题15 九上Modules5-8(复习讲义)(外研版教材梳理)
目 录
01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02·思维导图·网络构建 3
03·考点通关·靶向突破 4
考点1 重点词汇 4
考点2 易混词辨析 8
考点3 重点句型 11
考点4 重点语法 13
04·优题精选·练能提分 17
考点
课标要求
复习目标
重点单词
· 掌握重点词汇:
· 名词:upstairs、exhibition、rule、trouble、tail、rope、entry、wonder、missing、downstairs、punish、communications、physics、chemistry、coal、energy、X-ray、experiment、sand、control、truck、wheel、age、whole、deal、exam、guitar、instrument、habit、schoolwork、volunteer、shame、community、knowledge、point、reason、truth、least、bill、pocket money、discuss、thinker、wise、review、influence、sense、way、adventure、trouble、run away、escape、cave、time、neighbour、funeral、state、action、dialogue、memory、decision、excuse、noon、seat、fair、kick、mad、sportsman、high jump、ability、hurdling、sportswoman、race、record、method、hurdles、Japan、sportsperson、Asian、first place、courage、pride
· 动词:fail、dig、compare、consider、try out、repair、suppose、get into trouble、break、kick、suffer、stop、take pride in、stand for
· 形容词:musical、necessary、honest、well-known、dead、surprised、alive、southern、everyday、fair、mad、Asian
1.重点词汇会写会用
2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用
3. 熟练运用if条件状语从句
4. 熟练运用被动语态
易混词辨析
· 掌握as well, also, too 与 either;find out, find 与 look for;compare A with B 与 compare A to B;instead of 与 instead;die, dead, death, dying;alive 与 lively;beat 与 win等易混词辨析
重点句型
· 掌握what 引导的感叹句
· 掌握询问某人怎么了的句型
· 掌握It‘s+形容词+to do sth的句型
· 掌握倒装句的用法
重点语法
· 掌握表示“禁止做某事”的结构。
· 掌握if引导的条件状语从句
· 掌握一般过去时的被动语态:was/were+动词的过去分词
· 一般现在时的被动语态:主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+by+动作执行者。
命题预测
被动语态辨析、易混词区分、禁止结构、感叹句及if条件状语从句连接词选择是单项选择高频考点;完形填空侧重核心词汇语境匹配、易混词语境辨析、被动语态时态呼应与固定句型嵌套;语法填空主要考查被动语态填空(给动词写过去分词)、核心词汇拼写及It’s + 形容词 + to do sth结构填空;选词填空则侧重于易混词形式变形、核心动词短语搭配及形容词/副词语境选择。
考点1 重点词汇
1.against
【教材原文】It's against the rules. 这是违反规定的。
【主要用法】
(1) against意为“违反,反对”。它的反义词是for,后可接名词或动名词。例如
(2) against意为“与⋯⋯对抗,(在比赛/战斗中)对(某人/物)”。它常与play, fight等动词连用。
(3) against意为“靠着;紧靠”,表示位置。
【例句】
· She is against smoking in public places.
她反对在公共场所吸烟。
· Our class will play against Class 3 in the basketball match.
我们班将在篮球赛中对阵三班。
· The old man sat against the window, reading a newspaper.
老人靠着窗户坐着看报纸。
2.trouble
【教材原文】Daming is in trouble again. 大明又惹麻烦了。
【主要用法】
· be in trouble意为“遇上麻烦;处于困境”。trouble前还可用 big, great, deep等形容词来修饰。
· have trouble with意为“在……(方面)遇到困难/麻烦”。
· have trouble(in) doing sth. 相当于havedifficulty(in) doing sth.,意为“做某事有困难”。
【例句】
· If you cheat in the exam, you will be in big trouble.如果你考试作弊,会惹上大麻烦。
· He has trouble with his English listening, so he practices every day.他英语听力有困难,所以每天都练习。
· Many students have trouble (in) remembering English grammar rules.很多学生在记忆英语语法规则方面有困难。
3.fill
【教材原文】For example, if you want to fill a bag with sand,you have to control a kind of truck on wheels and move it into the correct place.例如,如果想把一个袋子装满沙子,你就得操控一种带轮子的运输车,并把车移动到正确的位置。
【主要用法】
" fill…with…”意为“把⋯⋯用⋯⋯装)满”。主语为人 , fill后一般接容器,with后接容器中装的物品。
“be filled with…”表示“装满了⋯⋯”,强调状态,其同义短语为“be full of…”
【例句】
· She filled the bottle with hot water before going out.出门前,她把瓶子装满了热水。
· The classroom is filled with students' laughter after class.课后,教室里充满了学生们的笑声。
· The old box is full of interesting storybooks.这个旧盒子里装满了有趣的故事书。
4.fail
【教材原文】Tony is spending too much time playing the guitar, and he may fail his exams.托尼花太多时间弹吉他,他可能会考试不及格。
【主要用法】fail作动词,意为“未能及格;未能达到”,其名词形式为failure,意为“失败”。fail (in) sth./ doing sth.意为“做某事失败”。fail to do sth.意为“没能做某事”。
【例句】
· He failed his math exam last term.他上学期数学考试不及格。
· She failed in passing the English test.她没通过英语测试。
· I failed to finish my homework on time.我没能按时完成作业。
· Don’t be afraid of failure.不要害怕失败。
5. point
【教材原文】That's not the point. You should consider what the most important thing is.那不是问题的关键。但你要考虑哪件事情最重要。
【主要用法】 point是名词,意为“观点;看法;关键;要点”。“That's not the point.”表示“那不是问题的关键。”point还可作动词,意为“(用手指等)指,指向;指出”。与point有关的搭配:point to“指向”;point at“指着”; point out“指出”。
【例句】
· Everyone has different points about this problem.对于这个问题,每个人都有不同的观点。
· The teacher emphasized the key points of the exam before class.老师课前强调了考试的重点。
· we need to focus on solving the problem.那不是问题的关键——我们需要集中精力解决问题。
· He pointed to the map and told us the location of the museum.他指向地图,告诉我们博物馆的位置。
· The little boy pointed at the bird in the tree and smiled.小男孩指着树上的鸟笑了。
· She kindly pointed out the spelling mistake in my composition.她友善地指出了我作文中的拼写错误。
6.angry
【教材原文】I did not tell him about the computer game because I did not want him to be angry with me.我没告诉他关于电脑游戏的事,因为我不想让他生我的气。
【主要用法】
angry是形容词,意为“生气的,愤怒的”。be/ get angry with sb.意为“生某人的气”。be angry about/at sth.意为“为某事而生气”。例如:
【例句】
· Mr Smith was angry with Lucy because she was late for class.因为露西上课迟到了,史密斯先生生气了。
· He was angry about/ at my careless.他为我的粗心而生气。
7.discuss
【教材原文】I want to join an Internet group to discuss great books by great writers.我想要加入一个网上俱乐部去讨论著名作家们的作品。
【主要用法】
discuss作动词,意为“讨论”。discuss sth. with sb.意为“与某人讨论某事”。其名词形式为discussion.例如:
· My father often discusses maths problems with me.我爸爸经常和我讨论数学问题。
· The discussion is about the examination.这个讨论是关于考试的。
8. more then
【教材原文】But I think I'd describe Confucius more as a teacher and thinker than a writer.但是我更愿意把孔子描述成一位教育家兼思想家,而非作家。
【主要用法】
" more…than…"在句中表示“与其说是⋯⋯不如说是⋯⋯”。more than后接数字时意为“超过”
【例句】
· She is more a teacher than an actress.与其说她是个演员,还不如说她是个老师。
· My son has learned more than 300 words.我儿子已经学了300多个词。
9.influence
【教材原文】
We' re still influenced by Confucius' s ideas,and Shakespeare's plays also make a lot of sense to us today.今天孔子的思想仍然在影响着我们,莎士比亚的戏剧对我们来说也仍然很有意义。
【主要用法】
influence作名词,意为“影响”。”have/ has an influence on…”意为“对……产生影响”。
influence作动词,意为“影响”。“sb. be influenced by…”意为“某人被⋯⋯影响”。
【例句】
· The sun can have an influence on the plants.太阳能够对植物产生影响。
· Students are influenced by their teachers.学生们受他们的老师的影响。
10.suppose
【教材原文】 .…but I suppose he isn't as well-known as Confucius or Shakespeare.⋯⋯但我认为他没有孔子和莎士比亚有名。
【主要用法】suppose意为“认为;推测;猜想”,其后可接动词不定式或从句。当suppose的主语为第一人称,后面接从句时,如果对从句进行否定,要否定转移,即“Idon't suppose+(that)从句”。
“be supposed to…”表示“应该⋯⋯”,后跟动词原形。当be supposed to的主语是人时,它可以用来表示劝告、建议。义务、责任等,相当于情态动词should.
【例句】
· I don't suppose we will find the answer to the question easily.
我猜想我们没有那么轻易能找到这个问题的答案。
· I suppose her to be 80 years old.我猜想她80岁。
· Teachers are supposed to/ should treat all the students alike.老师应该对所有的学生一视同仁。
11.pay
【教材原文】…and how bad people pay for their actions…⋯⋯以及坏人如何为他们的行为付出代价⋯⋯
【主要用法】
pay作及物动词时,后面可直接接人, pay sb.意为“付钱给某人”。pay for意为“支付,为……付出代价”,这里pay为不及物动词。
【例句】
· Please pay me seven yuan.请付给我7元。
· Shall I pay for you?我帮你付款好吗?
· You will pay for your bad actions.你将为你的败坏行为受到惩罚。
12.decision
【教材原文】That was a bad decision.那是个糟糕的决定。
【主要用法】
decision作名词,表示“决定”。它的动词形式为decide. make a decision表示“做决定”。make a decision(not) to do sth.= decide(not) to do sth.都表示“决定(不)去做某事”。
【例句】:
· I think you made a wrong decision.我认为你做了一个错误的决定。
· He makes a decision to get up early every day. =He decides to get up early every day.他决定每天要早起。
1.(25-26九年级上·广东深圳·开学考试)—I heard your class ________ Class 5 yesterday.
—That’s true. They played really well, but we still won the game.
A.played against B.fought with C.communicated with D.disagreed with
2.(2024·广西南宁·模拟预测)—How can we make more friends?
—It’s important for us to offer helps to people________.
A.in trouble B.in surprise C.in silence
3.(2022·河北石家庄·二模)This book _______ with knowledge on computers. You can buy it.
A.was filled B.is filled C.has filled D.filled
4.(2015·山东青岛·中考真题)My parents are always worried about what will happen if I .
A.succeeded B.won’t succeed
C.will fail D.fail
5.(2025·江西吉安·一模)—Cindy, which movie do you prefer?
—The second one. I think it is ________ the first one.
A.more moving than B.less moving than
C.as moving as D.not so moving as
6.(25-26九年级上·全国·课堂例题)Qian Xuesen made his ________ to go back to the motherland at the age of 44.
A.idea B.decision C.rule D.opinion
考点2 易混词辨析
1. as well, also, too与either
【易混淆辨析】
(1)as well意为“也,同样地”,一般位于肯定句句末,与too两者可以互换,但as well前不加逗号。
(2)also意为“也,还”,常用在肯定句或疑问句中,通常位于行为动词前,be动词、助动词或情态动词后。例如:
(3)too意为“也”,常用在肯定句句末,一般加逗号与前面的句子隔开,也可不加。
(4) either意为“也”,常用在否定句句末,一般加逗号与前面的句子隔开。
【例句】
· I went shopping yesterday, and my English teacher went shopping as well.
我昨天去购物,我的英语老师昨天也去购物了。
· My parents are also my friends and helpers.我的父母也是我的朋友和帮手。
· He can speak English. I can speak, too.他会说英语。我也会说(英语)。
· I can't swim. Mary can't swim, either.我不会游泳。玛丽也不会(游泳)。
2.find out, find与look for
【易混淆辨析】
(1) find out表示通过理解、分析、调查、询问、打听、研究等“弄清楚,找出,查明”某个情况、事实。例如:
(2)find意为“找到,发现”,强调的是找的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的物品或人。
【例句】
· Can you find out when the meeting will start?你能查清楚会议什么时候开始吗?
3.compare A with B”与“compare A to B”compare A with B
【易混淆辨析】
“compare A with B”与“compare A to B”compare A with B意为“比较A和B”,侧重区别compare A to B意为“把A比作B”,侧重相似性
· Mr Wu likes to compare Class Three with Class Five.吴老师喜欢拿三班和五班作比较。
· We usually compare the teachers to the candles.我们通常把老师比喻成蜡烛。
4. instead of与instead
【易混淆辨析】
instead of意为“代替;而不是”,后面可接名词、代词或动名词等,所跟内容是未做或不做的,不可单独使用。
instead作副词,位于句首时,意为“反而”,所跟内容是已做的或要做的;位于句末时,意为“代替;顶替”。
【例句】
· I have come instead of my brother. He is ill.我代替我哥哥来了。他病了。
· It will take days by car, so let's fly instead.坐汽车得好几天时间,所以我们还是改乘飞机吧。
· He didn't do his homework. Instead, he watched TV.他没有做作业,而是看电视了。
5.die, dead, death, dying
【易混淆辨析】
die动词,意为“死,死亡”,强调死的瞬间的动作,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用
dead形容词,意为“死亡的,无生命的”,表示状态,可与表示一段时间的状语连用
death名词,意为“死亡”,作主语或宾语
dying形容词,意为“垂死的,临死的”,作定语
【例句】
· All living things will die.所有的生物都会死去。
· The old man has been dead for 6 years.老人去世6年了。
· The death of her grandfather was sudden.她祖父死得很突然。
· The doctor tried to save the dying man.医生尽力去挽救这个生命垂危的男人。
6. alive, lively
【易混淆辨析】
都与“活着”有关。
alive是指“有生命的,活着的”,一般放在所修饰的名词或代词后面;
lively指的是“活泼的,有活力的,栩栩如生的”,一般放在所修饰名词或代词的前面。
【例句】
· Lucy is a lively girl. We all like her.路西是一个活泼的女孩。我们都喜欢她。
· Are your grandparents still alive?你的祖父母还健在吗?
7. beat和win
【易混淆辨析】
都有“赢”的意思,但用法不同:
beat的宾语为人或相当于人的团体、组织;
win的宾语为表示比赛、战争、奖品等的名词,如match,competition, war, prize等.
【例句】
· Our school team was soundly beaten by the visiting team.我们校队被客队彻底击败了。
· She won the best actress award at the film festival.她在电影节上获得了最佳女演员奖。
1.(2022·西藏拉萨·一模)Lily can’t dance. Lucy can’t dance, ________.
A.too B.also C.either D.as well
2.(20-21九年级上·全国·单元测试)They ________ the lost watch everywhere, but they didn’t ________ it at last.
A.looked for, find out B.found, look for
C.looked for , find D.found, find out
3.(24-25九年级上·福建龙岩·期中)Don’t ________ your child ________ others because every child is a treasure (宝藏).
A.compare; to B.compare; with C.compare; by
4.(19-20九年级上·江苏扬州·单元测试)Directing films is not suitable you, perhaps you should be a teacher .
A.for; instead of B.to; instead C.for; instead D.to; instead of
5.(25-26九年级上·全国·单元测试)The ________ dog was lying on the ground. It seemed it was going to die.
A.die B.dying C.dead D.death
6.(2024·陕西西安·三模)His pet dog ________ for many years and the ________ of the dog made her very sad.
A.has died; dying B.has died; death C.has been dead; dying D.has been dead; death
7.(2025·黑龙江大庆·三模)The tiger wanted to cat that rabbit ________.
A.alive B.lively C.living D.live
8.(22-23八年级下·全国·单元测试)I’m sure we can ________ the match. In my mind, nobody can ________ us.
A.win;win B.win;beat C.beat;beat D.beat;win
考点3 重点句型
1. What a wonderful museum! 多好的博物馆啊!
【重点句型】 what引导的感叹句
感叹句用于表示赞美、惊叹等情感。what引导的感叹句的三种结构:
· What + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数( + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
· What + adj. + 可数名词复数( + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
· What + adj. + 不可数名词( + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
how引导感叹句的结构:How + adj./adv.( + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
【例句】
· What a beautiful place it is! 多美丽的一个地方啊!
· What interesting books! 多么有趣的书啊!
· What useful advice you gave me! 你给我的建议多么有用啊!
2.Why not? 为什么不能进?
【重点句型】why not的用法此处意为“为什么不”,是对否定陈述的回应,询问原因。
why not的其他用法:
(1) 表示同意或赞成,意为“好的;为什么不呢”。
(2) 表示坚持自己的观点、态度或做法,意为“为什么不呢”。
(3) 表示建议,其后接动词原形,相当于“Why don’t you...?”,意为“为什么不……呢”。
【例句】
· Let’s eat out tonight. 今晚我们出去吃吧。—Why not? 为什么不呢?
· Are you really going to give them a lesson? 你真的要教训一下他们吗?—Yes, why not? 是的,为什么不呢?
· Why not go to the movies with me tonight? 为什么今晚不和我一起去看电影呢?—Good idea! 好主意!
· He isn’t going to see her off at the station. 他不打算去车站送她。—Why not? 为什么不去?
3. No, it isn’t necessary to do it now. 是的,没有必要现在就做。
【重点句型】 It’s necessary (for sb.) to do sth.该句型表示“(对某人来说)做某事是有必要的”,其中necessary为形容词“必要的;必需的”,其反义词为unnecessary“不必要的”。
【例句】
· It’s necessary to have a positive attitude to life. 拥有积极的生活态度是有必要的。
4. I really don’t think you should go to the library so much. 我真的认为你不应该那么频繁地去图书馆。
【重点句型】 否定前移:在含有宾语从句的复合句中,当主句的主语是I或we,谓语动词是think(认为)、believe(相信;认为)、suppose(认为,料想)、expect(料想,认为)、imagine(料想,认为)等,且句子时态为一般现在时,宾语从句若是否定句,否定形式要前移至主句。
【例句】
· I don't expect they have finished the task.(我料想他们还没完成任务。)
· I don't imagine he can finish the work alone.(我觉得他一个人完不成这项工作。)
5.What’s up? 怎么了?
【重点句型】 What’s up? 怎么了?常用于口语中,相当于"What’s wrong/the matter/the trouble?"或"What (has) happened?"。
【例句】
· You look very worried. What’s up? 你看上去很焦虑。怎么了?
6. No wonder the place is empty! 难怪这个地方没什么人!
【重点句型】 no wonder 难怪;不足为奇多用于口语中,后接从句。“No wonder + (that)从句”意为“难怪……”,可与“It’s no wonder (that)...”相互转换。
【例句】
· She has been studying hard for months. No wonder she passed the exam easily.
· 她已经努力学习好几个月了,难怪她轻松通过了考试。
It’s no wonder you’re tired — you stayed up late last night.难怪你累了,你昨晚熬夜了。
7. The reason is that he thinks something will go wrong if I play games on it. 原因是他认为我要是在电脑上玩游戏的话,电脑就会出毛病。
【重点句型】 The reason is that... 原因是……常用句型,其中reason作名词,意为“原因;理由”,that引导表语从句,说明reason的内容。
【例句】
· The reason is that I have something important to do.
· 原因是我有些重要的事情要做。
8.…and it is thought to be one of the greatest American stories.⋯⋯并且它被认为是美国最好的小说之一。
【重点句型】" It is thought to be/ that…”意为“人们认为⋯⋯”。类似的用法还有:“…is said that…”意为“据说⋯⋯”;“…is believed that…”意为“人们相信⋯⋯”;“…is reported that…”意为“据报道⋯⋯”。这些句子都使用了被动语态。
【例句】
· He is thought to be one of the richest men in America.
· 人们认为他是美国最富有的人之一。
9. There he is. 他在那里。
【重点句型】
本句是倒装句。在以副词 here, there开头的句子中,为了强调主语,主语为名词时,常用“Here/There +谓语+主语(名词)。”结构。
主语为人称代词时,用部分倒装结构,即" Here/There+主语(人称代词)+谓语“。例如:
【例句】
· Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
1.(2026·吉林·模拟预测)________ flowers they are!
A.How a beautiful B.What a beautiful C.What beautiful
2.(2025·西藏·一模)________ exciting day we had at the Palace Museum!
A.How B.What C.What a D.What an
3.(2025·甘肃酒泉·三模)—My computer broke down. What should I do?
—Why not ________ a new one?
A.to consider to buy B.to consider buying
C.consider to buy D.consider buying
4.(2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测)It is necessary ________ us to protect the earth, because nature is our wealth. And it wise ________ us to make such a decision.
A.for; of B.of; for C.for; for
5.(23-24九年级上·安徽宿州·期中)—Look at the boy with green hair. It’s cool.
—But I don’t think students ________ to color their hair.
A.should be not allowed B.shouldn’t be allowed
C.should be allowed D.should allow
6.(21-22九年级上·福建宁德·期中)Be careful! ________ a car.
A.Here comes B.Here come C.That comes
考点4 重点语法
一、if引导的条件状语从句
【语法概述】if引导的条件状语从句用于表示“如果……就……”的逻辑关系,可表达建议、假设等含义,是中考高频语法点。从句时态遵循“主将从现”“主情从现”原则,也可与祈使句搭配转换句式。
【用法】1. 时态规则
从句表将来:用一般现在时;主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形)。
主句表能力、许可等:用“情态动词(may/can/should等)+动词原形”,从句仍用一般现在时。
2. 句式搭配
“if从句+祈使句”:用于表达建议,从句表条件,主句表指令。
与“祈使句+and/or+一般将来时句子”的转换:否定条件从句可转换为“祈使句+or+主句”,肯定条件从句可转换为“祈使句+and+主句”。
【例句】
· If he runs, he'll get there in time.如果他跑着去,他就会及时赶到那儿。
· She may come with us if she arrives in time.如果她来得及时,就可以和我们一道去。
· If you want to know what to see, look at the guide.如果你想知道有什么可看的,就看看指南吧。
· If you don't hurry up, you'll miss the train. → Hurry up, or you'll miss the train.快点儿,否则你就赶不上火车了。
· Make sure you visit the Science Museum if you ever go to London.如果你有机会去伦敦,一定要去参观科学博物馆。
二、表示禁止的多种结构
【语法概述】表示禁止的结构用于规范行为、提醒禁忌,常见于标识、口语警告等场景,中考对话题和书面表达中高频出现,需掌握不同结构的用法区别。
【用法】
1. No+动名词:最常用结构,简洁明了,多用于标识或口语提醒。
2. No+名词:直接禁止某事物,语气正式,常见于公共场合标识。
3. 祈使句:
肯定祈使句(表禁止):用“Keep off/Don't+动词原形”,语气直接,适用于日常提醒。
否定祈使句:“Don't+动词原形”,最口语化,使用范围最广。
4. 情态动词:
mustn't:语气最强,表“绝对禁止”,强调义务上的不允许。
can't:语气稍弱,表“不可以、不能”,侧重客观条件或规则限制。
【例句】
· No joking!不要开玩笑!
· No photos.请勿拍照。
· Keep off the grass.请勿践踏草坪。
· Don't make any noise.不要吵闹。
· You mustn't tell it to anyone.你绝不可以告诉任何人。
· You can't eat in class.你不能在课堂上吃东西。
三、被动语态(一般现在时+一般过去时)
【语法概述】被动语态表示动作的承受者作主语,强调动作的被执行,中考重点考查一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态,包括句式构成、主动被动转换及特殊情况。
【用法】
1. 一般现在时被动语态
构成:主语+am/is/are+及物动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者),am/is/are随主语单复数变化。
用法:表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的被动动作,无需说明执行者时可省略“by+动作执行者”。
句式:
肯定句:主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他。
否定句:主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词+其他。
一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+其他?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词+其他?
2. 一般过去时被动语态
【构成】
主语+was/were+及物动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者),was/were随主语单复数变化。
用法:表示过去某个时间发生的被动动作或过去经常性的被动状态。
【句式】
肯定句:主语+was/were+过去分词+其他。
否定句:主语+was/were+not+过去分词+其他。
一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+过去分词+其他?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+was/were+主语+过去分词+其他?
3. 特殊转换规则
带不定式作宾语补足语的主动句:被动句中保留不定式符号to。感官动词(see/hear等)和使役动词(let/make/have等)的主动句:被动句中不定式需加to。
【例句
1. 一般现在时被动语态The car is made in China.这辆车产自中国。
· I am influenced by his ideas.我受他的思想所影响。
· Men's clothing is not sold in this shop.这家店不卖男装。
· Is your father asked to come to the meeting?你爸爸被叫去参加会议了吗?
· How is this machine used?这台机器是怎么用的?
2. 一般过去时被动语态
· The bank was robbed last night.昨晚那家银行被抢劫了。
· The work wasn't done by them.那项工作不是他们做的。
· Was the cup broken by Tom?杯子是被汤姆打碎的吗?
· When was the telephone invented?电话是何时被发明的?
3. 特殊转换例句
带不定式宾语补足语:
· He encouraged Mr Liu to train for the jump. → Mr Liu was encouraged to train for the jump.
刘先生被鼓励参加跳跃项目训练。
感官/使役动词:
· The boss made him complete the work one day. → He was made to complete the work one day (by the boss).
他被老板要求一天内完成这项工作。
感官动词:
· Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre. → They were heard to sing Peking Opera in the theatre last Sunday.
上周日有人听到他们在剧院唱京剧。
1.(2025九年级上·安徽·专题练习)We will go for a picnic this weekend ________ the weather is fine.
A.if B.unless C.because D.though
2.(25-26九年级上·全国·课前预习)Study hard, ________ you won’t pass the exam.
A.or B.and C.but D.so
3.(25-26九年级上·全国·课前预习)If I can’t get the first prize, my mother ________ me.
A.punished B.punishes C.will punish D.has punished
4.(25-26九年级上·全国·课堂例题)Stop making so much noise, ________ I can’t concentrate.
A.and B.so C.but D.or
5.(25-26九年级上·北京西城·期中)We will have a picnic by the lake if it ________ tomorrow.
A.rains B.doesn’t rain C.will rain D.won’t rain
6.(25-26九年级上·天津西青·月考)—I don’t know if she ________.
—She will come if it ________.
A.comes; won’t rain B.comes; doesn’t rain
C.will come; doesn’t rain D.will come; won’t rain
7.(2025·安徽宣城·二模)—Excuse me. Can I bring these things onto the plane?
—Sorry, knives or scissors ______ to go with people.
A.isn’t allowed B.won’t be allowed
C.aren’t allowed D.wasn’t allowed
8.(2025·安徽亳州·二模)As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese _________ in more and more schools out of our country.
A.teaches B.is taught C.has taught D.was taught
9.(2025·江西吉安·一模)Eason ________ by his Chinese teacher and he decided to learn more about Chinese in the next few years.
A.encourages B.encouraged C.is encouraged D.was encouraged
10.(2026·吉林·模拟预测)Many trees and flowers ________ in our school last year and they made our school a beautiful garden.
A.have planted B.are planted C.were planted
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.(2023·江苏扬州·中考真题)The artists are to tell good Chinese stories in their favorite art forms. (encourage)
2.(2023·上海黄浦·三模)Cheating in the exam is considered as a (n) (honest) act and it’s not allowed.
3.(2023·甘肃陇南·模拟预测)Young children need to sleep at (little) nine hours every night. Enough sleep is very important.
4.(2022·江苏淮安·二模) (control) the speed of your car, and you’ll be safer.
5.(2023·甘肃武威·中考真题)ChatGPT, an AI chatbot, was (develop) by OpenAI and met the public in November, 2022.
6.(2023·内蒙古包头·中考真题)June 8th was by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. (name)
7.(2023·西藏·中考真题)New energy(能源) cars (make) in China every year.
8.(2023·江苏淮安·中考真题)New clothes and shoes (send) to children in poor areas by my classmates every year.
9.(23-24九年级上·云南昆明·期末)He has a great interest in playing instruments. (music)
二、单项选择
10.(25-26九年级上·全国·单元测试)If you need anything during the night, just call me. I’ll be sleeping right ________.
A.stairs B.downstairs C.upstair D.stair
11.(25-26九年级上·全国·单元测试)I can’t take a walk with you because I have ________ a foot problem for weeks.
A.competed with B.suffered from
C.set up D.cheered for
12.(25-26九年级上·全国·单元测试)If you want to know _________, come to join us for the trip to the museum.
A.how ancient people made medicine
B.how did ancient people make medicine
C.how will ancient people make medicine
D.how ancient people will make medicine
13.(24-25九年级上·黑龙江双鸭山·期中)—Hey, the new electric car just broke the long-distance driving record!
—________ everyone’s talking about it.
A.No problem B.No wonder C.No idea
14.(25-26九年级上·天津河北·期中)If you are ________ at school, the first thing you should do is to talk to your teacher about what happened.
A.in silence B.in trouble C.in time D.in order
15.(2023·安徽·二模)— Mr Green, you look so fine these days. How did you do that?
— Well, I used to smoke heavily. But ________ the Doctor Brown, I gave it up completely.
A.except for B.as to C.thanks to D.instead of
16.(25-26九年级上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考)Table manners are very important. When the dinner ________, remember to wait until the host or older people have picked up their chopsticks.
A.serves B.is served C.will be served
17.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测)—Speaking in public causes my fear.
—Don’t worry. If you prepare your speech well, you ________ be so upset.
A.will B.won’t C.couldn’t
18.(2022·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)—Dierdre, why do you enjoy reading?
—One ________ is that reading brings me joy and happiness.
A.report B.reason C.question
19.(2023·四川成都·模拟预测)My grandparents put a lot of vegetables __________ salted pork in our car when left. They always try to give us as much as possible.
A.along with B.instead of C.ahead of
20.(2023·福建南平·模拟预测)The new English teacher ________ Leonardo by us, because he looks so much like the actor in the film Titanic.
A.was called B.calls C.is called
21.(2023·湖北武汉·模拟预测)This kind of tea has been well ________ by people, especially people who care for their health and beauty.
A.sensed B.honored C.accepted D.drunk
22.(22-23九年级上·上海宝山·开学考试)I walked in our garden, _________ a big sign ________ in one of the trees.
A.which; was hung B.which; was hanged
C.where; was hung D.where; was hanged
23.(2025·福建厦门·一模)“Snake Dwen Dwen”, a new member of Dwen Dwen family ________ to the public on November 19th, 2024.
A.will be shown B.was shown C.is shown
24.(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测)—Argentina (阿根廷) won the World Cup in the 22nd Qatar FIFA World Cup.
—Yeah! I watched the match that night. The players are ________ Argentinian (阿根廷的) people and their fans.
A.the proud of B.the pride of C.pride in
三、完形填空
(2025九年级上·江苏南京·专题练习)请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳选项。
Chengdu, the host city of the 2025 World Games, has shown the public its special torch called “Zhumeng”, which means “Bamboo Dream”. This torch is full of Chinese culture and sports spirit.
The design of “Zhumeng” is 25 by the Grand Bronze Standing Figure from Sanxingdui. This ancient relic 26 people of China’s long history. The torch looks like a tall bamboo shoot, which is a 27 plant in Sichuan. Bamboo stands for modesty and strength in Chinese culture, 28 it is perfect for a sports event.
The top of the torch has two small buds, 29 an open and friendly China. The nozzle (喷嘴) is shaped like the Sun-shaped Crown from the Jinsha Site, 30 endless energy to athletes. At the bottom, a phoenix (凤凰) holds the torch, 31 people of the hope for world peace.
Many people say “Zhumeng” is not just a torch, 32 a symbol of culture and dreams. It will 33 the spirit of unity and hard work to the world during the games. 34 wonderful design it is!
25.A.encouraged B.inspired C.discovered D.required
26.A.reminds B.expects C.warns D.promises
27.A.common B.proper C.secret D.similar
28.A.but B.or C.so D.for
29.A.proving B.showing C.doubting D.realizing
30.A.carrying B.keeping C.lending D.giving
31.A.thinking B.telling C.reminding D.allowing
32.A.and B.but C.so D.or
33.A.spread B.invite C.return D.compare
34.A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
四、短文填空
(2023·浙江温州·三模)阅读下面的短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Born in a village in Jingning county, Gansu province, 50-year-old Zhu Yanjun used to be a common worker. In early February this year, Zhu made headlines when he won the 35 (two) place in the annual Chinese Poetry Competition held by China Central Television. Zhu’s interest for reading 36 (encourage) by his Chinese language teacher in middle school.
Zhu worked at different cities, yet no matter 37 he was, he went to local bookstores. Every time, he took a notebook with 38 (he) in order to write down paragraphs from the books and recite them. Over the years, he has read thousands of poems and can recite 39 (much) than 1,000 of them. For him, although he has been to many different cities, it is not for travel 40 to make a living. So he expanded his horizons by reading books and poems, through which he got to know the history, 41 (tradition) and landscapes of different places. 42 (read) poetry helped Zhu stay calm and he never complained about hard work.
Because of his good performance at 43 poetry competition in February, the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau in Jingning county decided to hire him to work at the local 44 (culture) center.
Then his new life started.
17 / 18
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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专题15 九上Modules5-8(复习讲义)(外研版教材梳理)
目 录
01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02·思维导图·网络构建 3
03·考点通关·靶向突破 4
考点1 重点词汇 4
考点2 易混词辨析 9
考点3 重点句型 13
考点4 重点语法 16
04·优题精选·练能提分 21
考点
课标要求
复习目标
重点单词
· 掌握重点词汇:
· 名词:upstairs、exhibition、rule、trouble、tail、rope、entry、wonder、missing、downstairs、punish、communications、physics、chemistry、coal、energy、X-ray、experiment、sand、control、truck、wheel、age、whole、deal、exam、guitar、instrument、habit、schoolwork、volunteer、shame、community、knowledge、point、reason、truth、least、bill、pocket money、discuss、thinker、wise、review、influence、sense、way、adventure、trouble、run away、escape、cave、time、neighbour、funeral、state、action、dialogue、memory、decision、excuse、noon、seat、fair、kick、mad、sportsman、high jump、ability、hurdling、sportswoman、race、record、method、hurdles、Japan、sportsperson、Asian、first place、courage、pride
· 动词:fail、dig、compare、consider、try out、repair、suppose、get into trouble、break、kick、suffer、stop、take pride in、stand for
· 形容词:musical、necessary、honest、well-known、dead、surprised、alive、southern、everyday、fair、mad、Asian
1.重点词汇会写会用
2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用
3. 熟练运用if条件状语从句
4. 熟练运用被动语态
易混词辨析
· 掌握as well, also, too 与 either;find out, find 与 look for;compare A with B 与 compare A to B;instead of 与 instead;die, dead, death, dying;alive 与 lively;beat 与 win等易混词辨析
重点句型
· 掌握what 引导的感叹句
· 掌握询问某人怎么了的句型
· 掌握It‘s+形容词+to do sth的句型
· 掌握倒装句的用法
重点语法
· 掌握表示“禁止做某事”的结构。
· 掌握if引导的条件状语从句
· 掌握一般过去时的被动语态:was/were+动词的过去分词
· 一般现在时的被动语态:主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+by+动作执行者。
命题预测
被动语态辨析、易混词区分、禁止结构、感叹句及if条件状语从句连接词选择是单项选择高频考点;完形填空侧重核心词汇语境匹配、易混词语境辨析、被动语态时态呼应与固定句型嵌套;语法填空主要考查被动语态填空(给动词写过去分词)、核心词汇拼写及It’s + 形容词 + to do sth结构填空;选词填空则侧重于易混词形式变形、核心动词短语搭配及形容词/副词语境选择。
考点1 重点词汇
1.against
【教材原文】It's against the rules. 这是违反规定的。
【主要用法】
(1) against意为“违反,反对”。它的反义词是for,后可接名词或动名词。例如
(2) against意为“与⋯⋯对抗,(在比赛/战斗中)对(某人/物)”。它常与play, fight等动词连用。
(3) against意为“靠着;紧靠”,表示位置。
【例句】
· She is against smoking in public places.
她反对在公共场所吸烟。
· Our class will play against Class 3 in the basketball match.
我们班将在篮球赛中对阵三班。
· The old man sat against the window, reading a newspaper.
老人靠着窗户坐着看报纸。
2.trouble
【教材原文】Daming is in trouble again. 大明又惹麻烦了。
【主要用法】
· be in trouble意为“遇上麻烦;处于困境”。trouble前还可用 big, great, deep等形容词来修饰。
· have trouble with意为“在……(方面)遇到困难/麻烦”。
· have trouble(in) doing sth. 相当于havedifficulty(in) doing sth.,意为“做某事有困难”。
【例句】
· If you cheat in the exam, you will be in big trouble.如果你考试作弊,会惹上大麻烦。
· He has trouble with his English listening, so he practices every day.他英语听力有困难,所以每天都练习。
· Many students have trouble (in) remembering English grammar rules.很多学生在记忆英语语法规则方面有困难。
3.fill
【教材原文】For example, if you want to fill a bag with sand,you have to control a kind of truck on wheels and move it into the correct place.例如,如果想把一个袋子装满沙子,你就得操控一种带轮子的运输车,并把车移动到正确的位置。
【主要用法】
" fill…with…”意为“把⋯⋯用⋯⋯装)满”。主语为人 , fill后一般接容器,with后接容器中装的物品。
“be filled with…”表示“装满了⋯⋯”,强调状态,其同义短语为“be full of…”
【例句】
· She filled the bottle with hot water before going out.出门前,她把瓶子装满了热水。
· The classroom is filled with students' laughter after class.课后,教室里充满了学生们的笑声。
· The old box is full of interesting storybooks.这个旧盒子里装满了有趣的故事书。
4.fail
【教材原文】Tony is spending too much time playing the guitar, and he may fail his exams.托尼花太多时间弹吉他,他可能会考试不及格。
【主要用法】fail作动词,意为“未能及格;未能达到”,其名词形式为failure,意为“失败”。fail (in) sth./ doing sth.意为“做某事失败”。fail to do sth.意为“没能做某事”。
【例句】
· He failed his math exam last term.他上学期数学考试不及格。
· She failed in passing the English test.她没通过英语测试。
· I failed to finish my homework on time.我没能按时完成作业。
· Don’t be afraid of failure.不要害怕失败。
5. point
【教材原文】That's not the point. You should consider what the most important thing is.那不是问题的关键。但你要考虑哪件事情最重要。
【主要用法】 point是名词,意为“观点;看法;关键;要点”。“That's not the point.”表示“那不是问题的关键。”point还可作动词,意为“(用手指等)指,指向;指出”。与point有关的搭配:point to“指向”;point at“指着”; point out“指出”。
【例句】
· Everyone has different points about this problem.对于这个问题,每个人都有不同的观点。
· The teacher emphasized the key points of the exam before class.老师课前强调了考试的重点。
· we need to focus on solving the problem.那不是问题的关键——我们需要集中精力解决问题。
· He pointed to the map and told us the location of the museum.他指向地图,告诉我们博物馆的位置。
· The little boy pointed at the bird in the tree and smiled.小男孩指着树上的鸟笑了。
· She kindly pointed out the spelling mistake in my composition.她友善地指出了我作文中的拼写错误。
6.angry
【教材原文】I did not tell him about the computer game because I did not want him to be angry with me.我没告诉他关于电脑游戏的事,因为我不想让他生我的气。
【主要用法】
angry是形容词,意为“生气的,愤怒的”。be/ get angry with sb.意为“生某人的气”。be angry about/at sth.意为“为某事而生气”。例如:
【例句】
· Mr Smith was angry with Lucy because she was late for class.因为露西上课迟到了,史密斯先生生气了。
· He was angry about/ at my careless.他为我的粗心而生气。
7.discuss
【教材原文】I want to join an Internet group to discuss great books by great writers.我想要加入一个网上俱乐部去讨论著名作家们的作品。
【主要用法】
discuss作动词,意为“讨论”。discuss sth. with sb.意为“与某人讨论某事”。其名词形式为discussion.例如:
· My father often discusses maths problems with me.我爸爸经常和我讨论数学问题。
· The discussion is about the examination.这个讨论是关于考试的。
8. more then
【教材原文】But I think I'd describe Confucius more as a teacher and thinker than a writer.但是我更愿意把孔子描述成一位教育家兼思想家,而非作家。
【主要用法】
" more…than…"在句中表示“与其说是⋯⋯不如说是⋯⋯”。more than后接数字时意为“超过”
【例句】
· She is more a teacher than an actress.与其说她是个演员,还不如说她是个老师。
· My son has learned more than 300 words.我儿子已经学了300多个词。
9.influence
【教材原文】
We' re still influenced by Confucius' s ideas,and Shakespeare's plays also make a lot of sense to us today.今天孔子的思想仍然在影响着我们,莎士比亚的戏剧对我们来说也仍然很有意义。
【主要用法】
influence作名词,意为“影响”。”have/ has an influence on…”意为“对……产生影响”。
influence作动词,意为“影响”。“sb. be influenced by…”意为“某人被⋯⋯影响”。
【例句】
· The sun can have an influence on the plants.太阳能够对植物产生影响。
· Students are influenced by their teachers.学生们受他们的老师的影响。
10.suppose
【教材原文】 .…but I suppose he isn't as well-known as Confucius or Shakespeare.⋯⋯但我认为他没有孔子和莎士比亚有名。
【主要用法】suppose意为“认为;推测;猜想”,其后可接动词不定式或从句。当suppose的主语为第一人称,后面接从句时,如果对从句进行否定,要否定转移,即“Idon't suppose+(that)从句”。
“be supposed to…”表示“应该⋯⋯”,后跟动词原形。当be supposed to的主语是人时,它可以用来表示劝告、建议。义务、责任等,相当于情态动词should.
【例句】
· I don't suppose we will find the answer to the question easily.
我猜想我们没有那么轻易能找到这个问题的答案。
· I suppose her to be 80 years old.我猜想她80岁。
· Teachers are supposed to/ should treat all the students alike.老师应该对所有的学生一视同仁。
11.pay
【教材原文】…and how bad people pay for their actions…⋯⋯以及坏人如何为他们的行为付出代价⋯⋯
【主要用法】
pay作及物动词时,后面可直接接人, pay sb.意为“付钱给某人”。pay for意为“支付,为……付出代价”,这里pay为不及物动词。
【例句】
· Please pay me seven yuan.请付给我7元。
· Shall I pay for you?我帮你付款好吗?
· You will pay for your bad actions.你将为你的败坏行为受到惩罚。
12.decision
【教材原文】That was a bad decision.那是个糟糕的决定。
【主要用法】
decision作名词,表示“决定”。它的动词形式为decide. make a decision表示“做决定”。make a decision(not) to do sth.= decide(not) to do sth.都表示“决定(不)去做某事”。
【例句】:
· I think you made a wrong decision.我认为你做了一个错误的决定。
· He makes a decision to get up early every day. =He decides to get up early every day.他决定每天要早起。
1.(25-26九年级上·广东深圳·开学考试)—I heard your class ________ Class 5 yesterday.
—That’s true. They played really well, but we still won the game.
A.played against B.fought with C.communicated with D.disagreed with
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我听说你们班昨天和5班进行了比赛。——是真的。他们打得很好,但我们还是赢了比赛。
考查动词短语辨析。played against同……比赛;fought with和……打架;communicated with和……交流;disagreed with不同意……。根据“They played really well, but we still won the game.”可知,此处指两个班级之间进行了比赛,选项A符合语境。故选A。
2.(2024·广西南宁·模拟预测)—How can we make more friends?
—It’s important for us to offer helps to people________.
A.in trouble B.in surprise C.in silence
【答案】A
【详解】句意:—— 我们怎样才能交到更多的朋友?—— 对我们来说,向处于困境中的人提供帮助是很重要的。
考查介词短语辨析。in trouble处于困境中;in surprise惊讶地;in silence沉默地。根据语境,是要帮助处于困境中的人来结交朋友。故选A。
3.(2022·河北石家庄·二模)This book _______ with knowledge on computers. You can buy it.
A.was filled B.is filled C.has filled D.filled
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这本书充满了计算机方面的知识。你可以买。
考查形容词短语。be filled with“充满”,根据“You can buy it.”可知是一般现在时。故选B。
4.(2015·山东青岛·中考真题)My parents are always worried about what will happen if I .
A.succeeded B.won’t succeed
C.will fail D.fail
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我父母一直担心如果我失败了,将会发生什么。
考查动词辨析以及时态。succeeded一般过去时;won’t succeed一般将来时;will fail一般将来时;fail一般现在时。主句的谓语动词使用一般将来时,if引导的条件状语从句的谓语动词使用一般现在时。故选D。
5.(2025·江西吉安·一模)—Cindy, which movie do you prefer?
—The second one. I think it is ________ the first one.
A.more moving than B.less moving than C.as moving as D.not so moving as
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——Cindy,你更喜欢哪部电影?——第二部。我认为它比第一部更感人。
考查形容词比较级用法及语义理解。more moving than比……更感人;less moving than不如……感人;as moving as和……一样感人;not so moving as不如……感人。根据答语“The second one”以及“I think”可知,说话者更喜欢第二部电影,因此可以推断出说话者认为第二部电影比第一部更感人,所以应该用比较级形式“more moving than”来表达这种比较关系。故选A。
6.(25-26九年级上·全国·课堂例题)Qian Xuesen made his ________ to go back to the motherland at the age of 44.
A.idea B.decision C.rule D.opinion
【答案】B
【详解】句意:钱学森在44岁时做出了回国的决定。
考查名词辨析。idea想法;decision决定;rule规则;opinion观点。make one’s decision是固定短语,意为“做出某人的决定”。故选B。
考点2 易混词辨析
1. as well, also, too与either
【易混淆辨析】
(1)as well意为“也,同样地”,一般位于肯定句句末,与too两者可以互换,但as well前不加逗号。
(2)also意为“也,还”,常用在肯定句或疑问句中,通常位于行为动词前,be动词、助动词或情态动词后。例如:
(3)too意为“也”,常用在肯定句句末,一般加逗号与前面的句子隔开,也可不加。
(4) either意为“也”,常用在否定句句末,一般加逗号与前面的句子隔开。
【例句】
· I went shopping yesterday, and my English teacher went shopping as well.
我昨天去购物,我的英语老师昨天也去购物了。
· My parents are also my friends and helpers.我的父母也是我的朋友和帮手。
· He can speak English. I can speak, too.他会说英语。我也会说(英语)。
· I can't swim. Mary can't swim, either.我不会游泳。玛丽也不会(游泳)。
2.find out, find与look for
【易混淆辨析】
(1) find out表示通过理解、分析、调查、询问、打听、研究等“弄清楚,找出,查明”某个情况、事实。例如:
(2)find意为“找到,发现”,强调的是找的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的物品或人。
【例句】
· Can you find out when the meeting will start?你能查清楚会议什么时候开始吗?
3.compare A with B”与“compare A to B”compare A with B
【易混淆辨析】
“compare A with B”与“compare A to B”compare A with B意为“比较A和B”,侧重区别compare A to B意为“把A比作B”,侧重相似性
· Mr Wu likes to compare Class Three with Class Five.吴老师喜欢拿三班和五班作比较。
· We usually compare the teachers to the candles.我们通常把老师比喻成蜡烛。
4. instead of与instead
【易混淆辨析】
instead of意为“代替;而不是”,后面可接名词、代词或动名词等,所跟内容是未做或不做的,不可单独使用。
instead作副词,位于句首时,意为“反而”,所跟内容是已做的或要做的;位于句末时,意为“代替;顶替”。
【例句】
· I have come instead of my brother. He is ill.我代替我哥哥来了。他病了。
· It will take days by car, so let's fly instead.坐汽车得好几天时间,所以我们还是改乘飞机吧。
· He didn't do his homework. Instead, he watched TV.他没有做作业,而是看电视了。
5.die, dead, death, dying
【易混淆辨析】
die动词,意为“死,死亡”,强调死的瞬间的动作,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用
dead形容词,意为“死亡的,无生命的”,表示状态,可与表示一段时间的状语连用
death名词,意为“死亡”,作主语或宾语
dying形容词,意为“垂死的,临死的”,作定语
【例句】
· All living things will die.所有的生物都会死去。
· The old man has been dead for 6 years.老人去世6年了。
· The death of her grandfather was sudden.她祖父死得很突然。
· The doctor tried to save the dying man.医生尽力去挽救这个生命垂危的男人。
6. alive, lively
【易混淆辨析】
都与“活着”有关。
alive是指“有生命的,活着的”,一般放在所修饰的名词或代词后面;
lively指的是“活泼的,有活力的,栩栩如生的”,一般放在所修饰名词或代词的前面。
【例句】
· Lucy is a lively girl. We all like her.路西是一个活泼的女孩。我们都喜欢她。
· Are your grandparents still alive?你的祖父母还健在吗?
7. beat和win
【易混淆辨析】
都有“赢”的意思,但用法不同:
beat的宾语为人或相当于人的团体、组织;
win的宾语为表示比赛、战争、奖品等的名词,如match,competition, war, prize等.
【例句】
· Our school team was soundly beaten by the visiting team.我们校队被客队彻底击败了。
· She won the best actress award at the film festival.她在电影节上获得了最佳女演员奖。
1.(2022·西藏拉萨·一模)Lily can’t dance. Lucy can’t dance, ________.
A.too B.also C.either D.as well
【答案】C
【详解】句意:莉莉不会跳舞。露西也不会跳舞。
考查副词辨析。too也,通常用于肯定句,位于句末;also也,通常用于肯定句,位于句中;either也,通常用于否定句,位于句末;as well也,通常用于肯定句,位于句末。根据“Lucy can’t dance,…”可知,本句为否定句,且空位于句末,使用either。故选C。
2.(20-21九年级上·全国·单元测试)They ________ the lost watch everywhere, but they didn’t ________ it at last.
A.looked for, find out B.found, look for
C.looked for , find D.found, find out
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他们到处寻找丢失的手表,但最后他们没有找到它。
考查动词(短语)辨析。look for寻找,强调过程;find out查明;find找到,强调结果。第一空表示“寻找”丢失的手表,强调过程,用looked for;第二空表示“没有找到”,强调找的结果,用find。故选C。
3.(24-25九年级上·福建龙岩·期中)Don’t ________ your child ________ others because every child is a treasure (宝藏).
A.compare; to B.compare; with C.compare; by
【答案】B
【详解】句意:不要把你的孩子和别人比较,因为每个孩子都是宝藏。
考查动词短语。compare...to...把……比作……;compare...with...把……和……比较;compare...by...无此搭配。根据“because every child is a treasure”可知,每个孩子都是宝藏,因此不要把自己的孩子和别人比较,故选B。
4.(19-20九年级上·江苏扬州·单元测试)Directing films is not suitable you, perhaps you should be a teacher .
A.for; instead of B.to; instead C.for; instead D.to; instead of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:导演电影不适合你,也许你应该当个老师。be suitable for适合,instead of sth/sb而不是某物或某人,instead反而,可以位于句首或句末。第二空位于句末,故用instead。故选C。
5.(25-26九年级上·全国·单元测试)The ________ dog was lying on the ground. It seemed it was going to die.
A.die B.dying C.dead D.death
【答案】B
【详解】句意:那只垂死的狗躺在地上,看起来快要死了。
考查形容词。die死,动词;dying临死的,垂死的,形容词;dead死的,形容词;death死,名词。根据“It seemed it was going to die”可知,狗并非已经死亡,而是处于“即将死亡”的状态,dying“垂死的”符合语境,故选B。
6.(2024·陕西西安·三模)His pet dog ________ for many years and the ________ of the dog made her very sad.
A.has died; dying B.has died; death C.has been dead; dying D.has been dead; death
【答案】D
【详解】句意:他的宠物狗已经死了很多年了,狗的死使她非常伤心。
考查现在完成时及名词用法。dying垂死的,形容词;death死,名词。根据“for many years”可知时态为现在完成时,其结构为:have/has+done,die为短暂性动词,与一段时间连用需变成延续性动词be dead,主语为His pet dog,助动词用has,所以第一空应填has been dead;再根据“the...of the dog”可知是指狗的死,应用名词death。故选D。
7.(2025·黑龙江大庆·三模)The tiger wanted to cat that rabbit ________.
A.alive B.lively C.living D.live
【答案】A
【详解】句意:那只老虎想活吞那只兔子。
考查形容词辨析。alive活着的,作表语或后置定语;lively活泼的;living活着的,前置定语;live活的,前置定语。根据rabbit与空格的位置关系,此处需后置定语修饰rabbit,表示“活着的兔子”,用alive符合。故选A。
8.(22-23八年级下·全国·单元测试)I’m sure we can ________ the match. In my mind, nobody can ________ us.
A.win;win B.win;beat C.beat;beat D.beat;win
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我很确定我们可以赢得比赛。在我看来,没有人能打败我们。
考查动词辨析。win赢(得);beat打败。根据第一空后的“the match”可知“赢得比赛”要用动词win,根据第二空后的“us”可知“打败某人”要用动词beat。故选B。
考点3 重点句型
1. What a wonderful museum! 多好的博物馆啊!
【重点句型】 what引导的感叹句
感叹句用于表示赞美、惊叹等情感。what引导的感叹句的三种结构:
· What + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数( + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
· What + adj. + 可数名词复数( + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
· What + adj. + 不可数名词( + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
how引导感叹句的结构:How + adj./adv.( + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他)!
【例句】
· What a beautiful place it is! 多美丽的一个地方啊!
· What interesting books! 多么有趣的书啊!
· What useful advice you gave me! 你给我的建议多么有用啊!
2.Why not? 为什么不能进?
【重点句型】why not的用法此处意为“为什么不”,是对否定陈述的回应,询问原因。
why not的其他用法:
(1) 表示同意或赞成,意为“好的;为什么不呢”。
(2) 表示坚持自己的观点、态度或做法,意为“为什么不呢”。
(3) 表示建议,其后接动词原形,相当于“Why don’t you...?”,意为“为什么不……呢”。
【例句】
· Let’s eat out tonight. 今晚我们出去吃吧。—Why not? 为什么不呢?
· Are you really going to give them a lesson? 你真的要教训一下他们吗?—Yes, why not? 是的,为什么不呢?
· Why not go to the movies with me tonight? 为什么今晚不和我一起去看电影呢?—Good idea! 好主意!
· He isn’t going to see her off at the station. 他不打算去车站送她。—Why not? 为什么不去?
3. No, it isn’t necessary to do it now. 是的,没有必要现在就做。
【重点句型】 It’s necessary (for sb.) to do sth.该句型表示“(对某人来说)做某事是有必要的”,其中necessary为形容词“必要的;必需的”,其反义词为unnecessary“不必要的”。
【例句】
· It’s necessary to have a positive attitude to life. 拥有积极的生活态度是有必要的。
4. I really don’t think you should go to the library so much. 我真的认为你不应该那么频繁地去图书馆。
【重点句型】 否定前移:在含有宾语从句的复合句中,当主句的主语是I或we,谓语动词是think(认为)、believe(相信;认为)、suppose(认为,料想)、expect(料想,认为)、imagine(料想,认为)等,且句子时态为一般现在时,宾语从句若是否定句,否定形式要前移至主句。
【例句】
· I don't expect they have finished the task.(我料想他们还没完成任务。)
· I don't imagine he can finish the work alone.(我觉得他一个人完不成这项工作。)
5.What’s up? 怎么了?
【重点句型】 What’s up? 怎么了?常用于口语中,相当于"What’s wrong/the matter/the trouble?"或"What (has) happened?"。
【例句】
· You look very worried. What’s up? 你看上去很焦虑。怎么了?
6. No wonder the place is empty! 难怪这个地方没什么人!
【重点句型】 no wonder 难怪;不足为奇多用于口语中,后接从句。“No wonder + (that)从句”意为“难怪……”,可与“It’s no wonder (that)...”相互转换。
【例句】
· She has been studying hard for months. No wonder she passed the exam easily.
· 她已经努力学习好几个月了,难怪她轻松通过了考试。
It’s no wonder you’re tired — you stayed up late last night.难怪你累了,你昨晚熬夜了。
7. The reason is that he thinks something will go wrong if I play games on it. 原因是他认为我要是在电脑上玩游戏的话,电脑就会出毛病。
【重点句型】 The reason is that... 原因是……常用句型,其中reason作名词,意为“原因;理由”,that引导表语从句,说明reason的内容。
【例句】
· The reason is that I have something important to do.
· 原因是我有些重要的事情要做。
8.…and it is thought to be one of the greatest American stories.⋯⋯并且它被认为是美国最好的小说之一。
【重点句型】" It is thought to be/ that…”意为“人们认为⋯⋯”。类似的用法还有:“…is said that…”意为“据说⋯⋯”;“…is believed that…”意为“人们相信⋯⋯”;“…is reported that…”意为“据报道⋯⋯”。这些句子都使用了被动语态。
【例句】
· He is thought to be one of the richest men in America.
· 人们认为他是美国最富有的人之一。
9. There he is. 他在那里。
【重点句型】
本句是倒装句。在以副词 here, there开头的句子中,为了强调主语,主语为名词时,常用“Here/There +谓语+主语(名词)。”结构。
主语为人称代词时,用部分倒装结构,即" Here/There+主语(人称代词)+谓语“。例如:
【例句】
· Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
1.(2026·吉林·模拟预测)________ flowers they are!
A.How a beautiful B.What a beautiful C.What beautiful
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这些花多么漂亮啊!
考查感叹句。感叹句结构:What+(a/an) +形容词+名词+主语+谓语!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!中心词“flowers”为复数名词,因此应用“What beautiful flowers they are!”。故选C。
2.(2025·西藏·一模)________ exciting day we had at the Palace Museum!
A.How B.What C.What a D.What an
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们在故宫度过了多么令人兴奋的一天啊!
考查感叹句。根据“exciting day we had at the Palace Museum!”可知,本句是感叹句,感叹句可由“how+形容词/副词+主谓!”和“what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓!”或“what+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主谓!”构成,本句中“day”是可数名词单数,且“exciting”是元音音素开头的单词,所以此处应用“what an”引导。故选D。
3.(2025·甘肃酒泉·三模)—My computer broke down. What should I do?
—Why not ________ a new one?
A.to consider to buy B.to consider buying
C.consider to buy D.consider buying
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我的电脑坏了。我该怎么办?——为什么不考虑买一台新的呢?
考查特殊疑问句和非谓语作宾语。why not后接动词原形,所以排除A和B;consider后面接动词-ing形式,即consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”,故选D。
4.(2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测)It is necessary ________ us to protect the earth, because nature is our wealth. And it wise ________ us to make such a decision.
A.for; of B.of; for C.for; for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们有必要保护地球,因为大自然是我们的财富。我们做出这样的决定是明智的。
考查介词辨析。for对……来说;of……的。在句式“it is +形容词+for sb/of sb +动词不定式”中,如果形容词指人的性格品质,用of,如果形容词指做某事的特征,用for。necessary指保护地球这件事的特征,所以第一空用for;wise明智的,指人的特征,所以第二空用of。故选A。
5.(23-24九年级上·安徽宿州·期中)—Look at the boy with green hair. It’s cool.
—But I don’t think students ________ to color their hair.
A.should be not allowed B.shouldn’t be allowed
C.should be allowed D.should allow
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——看那个绿色头发的男孩,太酷了。——但是我认为学生不应该被允许染发。
考查情态动词的被动语态及宾语从句的否定转移。根据“But I don’t think students...to color their hair.”可知主语students与动词allow之间是被动关系,此处应用含有情态动词的被动语态,根据常识可知,学生是不允许染头发的,而含有think的主从复合句,否定前移到主句上,故此空应填should be allowed。故选C。
6.(21-22九年级上·福建宁德·期中)Be careful! ________ a car.
A.Here comes B.Here come C.That comes
【答案】A
【详解】句意:当心!车来了。
考查倒装和主谓一致。根据“Be careful!”可知,车来了,“a car”是第三人称单数,come用三单形式,此处用倒装句Here comes a car。故选A。
考点4 重点语法
一、if引导的条件状语从句
【语法概述】if引导的条件状语从句用于表示“如果……就……”的逻辑关系,可表达建议、假设等含义,是中考高频语法点。从句时态遵循“主将从现”“主情从现”原则,也可与祈使句搭配转换句式。
【用法】1. 时态规则
从句表将来:用一般现在时;主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形)。
主句表能力、许可等:用“情态动词(may/can/should等)+动词原形”,从句仍用一般现在时。
2. 句式搭配
“if从句+祈使句”:用于表达建议,从句表条件,主句表指令。
与“祈使句+and/or+一般将来时句子”的转换:否定条件从句可转换为“祈使句+or+主句”,肯定条件从句可转换为“祈使句+and+主句”。
【例句】
· If he runs, he'll get there in time.如果他跑着去,他就会及时赶到那儿。
· She may come with us if she arrives in time.如果她来得及时,就可以和我们一道去。
· If you want to know what to see, look at the guide.如果你想知道有什么可看的,就看看指南吧。
· If you don't hurry up, you'll miss the train. → Hurry up, or you'll miss the train.快点儿,否则你就赶不上火车了。
· Make sure you visit the Science Museum if you ever go to London.如果你有机会去伦敦,一定要去参观科学博物馆。
二、表示禁止的多种结构
【语法概述】表示禁止的结构用于规范行为、提醒禁忌,常见于标识、口语警告等场景,中考对话题和书面表达中高频出现,需掌握不同结构的用法区别。
【用法】
1. No+动名词:最常用结构,简洁明了,多用于标识或口语提醒。
2. No+名词:直接禁止某事物,语气正式,常见于公共场合标识。
3. 祈使句:
肯定祈使句(表禁止):用“Keep off/Don't+动词原形”,语气直接,适用于日常提醒。
否定祈使句:“Don't+动词原形”,最口语化,使用范围最广。
4. 情态动词:
mustn't:语气最强,表“绝对禁止”,强调义务上的不允许。
can't:语气稍弱,表“不可以、不能”,侧重客观条件或规则限制。
【例句】
· No joking!不要开玩笑!
· No photos.请勿拍照。
· Keep off the grass.请勿践踏草坪。
· Don't make any noise.不要吵闹。
· You mustn't tell it to anyone.你绝不可以告诉任何人。
· You can't eat in class.你不能在课堂上吃东西。
三、被动语态(一般现在时+一般过去时)
【语法概述】被动语态表示动作的承受者作主语,强调动作的被执行,中考重点考查一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态,包括句式构成、主动被动转换及特殊情况。
【用法】
1. 一般现在时被动语态
构成:主语+am/is/are+及物动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者),am/is/are随主语单复数变化。
用法:表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的被动动作,无需说明执行者时可省略“by+动作执行者”。
句式:
肯定句:主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他。
否定句:主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词+其他。
一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+其他?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词+其他?
2. 一般过去时被动语态
【构成】
主语+was/were+及物动词过去分词(+by+动作执行者),was/were随主语单复数变化。
用法:表示过去某个时间发生的被动动作或过去经常性的被动状态。
【句式】
肯定句:主语+was/were+过去分词+其他。
否定句:主语+was/were+not+过去分词+其他。
一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+过去分词+其他?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+was/were+主语+过去分词+其他?
3. 特殊转换规则
带不定式作宾语补足语的主动句:被动句中保留不定式符号to。感官动词(see/hear等)和使役动词(let/make/have等)的主动句:被动句中不定式需加to。
【例句
1. 一般现在时被动语态The car is made in China.这辆车产自中国。
· I am influenced by his ideas.我受他的思想所影响。
· Men's clothing is not sold in this shop.这家店不卖男装。
· Is your father asked to come to the meeting?你爸爸被叫去参加会议了吗?
· How is this machine used?这台机器是怎么用的?
2. 一般过去时被动语态
· The bank was robbed last night.昨晚那家银行被抢劫了。
· The work wasn't done by them.那项工作不是他们做的。
· Was the cup broken by Tom?杯子是被汤姆打碎的吗?
· When was the telephone invented?电话是何时被发明的?
3. 特殊转换例句
带不定式宾语补足语:
· He encouraged Mr Liu to train for the jump. → Mr Liu was encouraged to train for the jump.
刘先生被鼓励参加跳跃项目训练。
感官/使役动词:
· The boss made him complete the work one day. → He was made to complete the work one day (by the boss).
他被老板要求一天内完成这项工作。
感官动词:
· Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre. → They were heard to sing Peking Opera in the theatre last Sunday.
上周日有人听到他们在剧院唱京剧。
1.(2025九年级上·安徽·专题练习)We will go for a picnic this weekend ________ the weather is fine.
A.if B.unless C.because D.though
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果天气好,我们这个周末会去野餐。
考查连词辨析。if如果;unless除非;because因为;though虽然。根据“We will go for a picnic this weekend ...the weather is fine.”可知,去野餐的前提是天气好,需用表示条件的连词“if”。故选A。
2.(25-26九年级上·全国·课前预习)Study hard, ________ you won’t pass the exam.
A.or B.and C.but D.so
【答案】A
【详解】句意:努力学习,否则你不会通过考试。
考查连词辨析。or否则;and和,并且;but但是;so所以。此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构。“you won’t pass the exam.”是“Study hard”的否定结果,应用or连接。故选A。
3.(25-26九年级上·全国·课前预习)If I can’t get the first prize, my mother ________ me.
A.punished B.punishes C.will punish D.has punished
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果我得不到一等奖,我妈妈会惩罚我。
考查if引导的条件状语从句的时态。punished惩罚,动词过去式;punishes惩罚,动词三单形式;will punish惩罚,一般将来时;has punished惩罚,现在完成时。在if引导的条件状语从句中,遵循“主将从现”原则,即从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。从句If I can’t get the first prize是一般现在时,主句应用一般将来时。故选C。
4.(25-26九年级上·全国·课堂例题)Stop making so much noise, ________ I can’t concentrate.
A.and B.so C.but D.or
【答案】D
【详解】句意:别再这么吵了,不然我没法集中注意力。
考查连词辨析。and和;so因此;but但是;or否则。根据“Stop making so much noise, … I can’t concentrate.”可知,此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的结构,空处表示否则没法集中注意力,故选D。
5.(25-26九年级上·北京西城·期中)We will have a picnic by the lake if it ________ tomorrow.
A.rains B.doesn’t rain C.will rain D.won’t rain
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果明天不下雨,我们将在湖边野餐。
考查条件状语从句的“主将从现”原则。rains下雨,一般现在时态;doesn’t rain不下雨,一般现在时态;will rain将会下雨,一般将来时态;won’t rain不会下雨,一般将来时态。根据“We will have a picnic by the lake if it...tomorrow.”可知,此处表示去野餐的条件是不下雨,因此从句用否定形式,排除AC选项,且if引导的条件状语从句,主句为一般将来时,从句需用一般现在时。故选B。
6.(25-26九年级上·天津西青·月考)—I don’t know if she ________.
—She will come if it ________.
A.comes; won’t rain B.comes; doesn’t rain
C.will come; doesn’t rain D.will come; won’t rain
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我不知道她是否会来。——如果不下雨,她会来的。
考查时态。根据语境可知,第一空所在句是含有if引导的宾语从句的主从复合句,主句是一般现在时,从句根据需要选用时态,此处表示将来的动作,应用一般将来时,即will come;第二空所在句是含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句,遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,此处从句主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词rain是实义动词,表示否定需借助助动词doesn’t,后跟动词原形rain。故第一空填will come,第二空填doesn’t rain。故选C。
7.(2025·安徽宣城·二模)—Excuse me. Can I bring these things onto the plane?
—Sorry, knives or scissors ______ to go with people.
A.isn’t allowed B.won’t be allowed
C.aren’t allowed D.wasn’t allowed
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,我能带这些东西上飞机吗?——抱歉,刀或剪刀不允许随身携带。
考查时态和语态。此处描述客观情况,用一般现在时,主语和动词allow之间是被动关系,且主语是复数,be动词用are。故选C。
8.(2025·安徽亳州·二模)As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese _________ in more and more schools out of our country.
A.teaches B.is taught C.has taught D.was taught
【答案】B
【详解】句意:随着中国变得越来越强大,汉语在越来越多的国外学校被教授。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“Chinese”指汉语,与动词“teach”构成被动关系,且句子描述当前普遍趋势,需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
9.(2025·江西吉安·一模)Eason ________ by his Chinese teacher and he decided to learn more about Chinese in the next few years.
A.encourages B.encouraged C.is encouraged D.was encouraged
【答案】D
【详解】句意:Eason受到了他中文老师的鼓励,他决定在接下来的几年里学习更多中文知识。
考查动词时态和语态。主语“Eason”是动作“encourage”的承受者,需用被动语态;根据后半句“decided”可知,事情发生在过去,因此用一般过去时的被动语态“was encouraged”。故选D。
10.(2026·吉林·模拟预测)Many trees and flowers ________ in our school last year and they made our school a beautiful garden.
A.have planted B.are planted C.were planted
【答案】C
【详解】句意:去年我们学校种了很多树和花,它们使我们学校变成了一个美丽的花园。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。have planted现在完成时主动语态;are planted一般现在时的被动语态;were planted一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子可知,“trees and flowers”是“被种植”,要用被动语态,结构为“be+过去分词”;时间状语“last year”表明事情发生在过去,要用一般过去时,所以be动词要用were。故选C。
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.(2023·江苏扬州·中考真题)The artists are to tell good Chinese stories in their favorite art forms. (encourage)
【答案】encouraged
【详解】句意:艺术家们被鼓励用他们喜欢的艺术形式讲好中国故事。句子主语与动词之间是被动关系,此处应用被动语态,空前有are,此处动词用过去分词,故填encouraged。
2.(2023·上海黄浦·三模)Cheating in the exam is considered as a (n) (honest) act and it’s not allowed.
【答案】dishonest
【详解】句意:在考试中作弊会被认为是不诚实的行为并且是不被允许的。根据“Cheating in the exam”和“it’s not allowed.”可知,这是不诚实的行为,应用honest“诚实的”反义词,故填dishonest。
3.(2023·甘肃陇南·模拟预测)Young children need to sleep at (little) nine hours every night. Enough sleep is very important.
【答案】least
【详解】句意:小孩子每晚至少需要睡9个小时。充足的睡眠是非常重要的。at least“至少”,空格处应填入little的最高级least“最少的”,故填least。
4.(2022·江苏淮安·二模) (control) the speed of your car, and you’ll be safer.
【答案】Control
【详解】句意:控制你的车速,你就会更安全。根据句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”可知,本题考查祈使句,应该用动词原形开头,提示词“control”放于句首首字母大写。故填Control。
5.(2023·甘肃武威·中考真题)ChatGPT, an AI chatbot, was (develop) by OpenAI and met the public in November, 2022.
【答案】developed
【详解】句意:ChatGPT是由OpenAI开发的人工智能聊天机器人,于2022年11月与公众见面。develop“开发”,动词,和主语之间是被动关系,动词用过去分词,故填developed。
6.(2023·内蒙古包头·中考真题)June 8th was by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. (name)
【答案】named
【详解】句意:联合国于2009年将6月8日定为世界海洋日。分析句子可知,主语“June 8th”和谓语动词name之间是动宾关系,所以该句为一般过去时的被动语态,be动词was后跟动词的过去分词named,故填named。
7.(2023·西藏·中考真题)New energy(能源) cars (make) in China every year.
【答案】are made
【详解】句意:中国每年都制造新能源汽车。分析题干可知,主语cars和谓语动词make是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态,其结构为be done;根据every year可知原句应为一般现在时,主语是复数,be动词用are。故填are made。
8.(2023·江苏淮安·中考真题)New clothes and shoes (send) to children in poor areas by my classmates every year.
【答案】are sent
【详解】句意:我的同学每年都会给贫困地区的孩子们送新衣服和新鞋子。主语New clothes and shoes和谓语send之间是被动关系,根据“every year”可知句子用一般现在时,主语是复数,be动词用are。故填are sent。
9.(23-24九年级上·云南昆明·期末)He has a great interest in playing instruments. (music)
【答案】musical
【详解】句意:他对演奏乐器很感兴趣。此处应用名词music“音乐”的形容词形式musical“音乐的”作定语修饰instruments。故填musical。
二、单项选择
10.(25-26九年级上·全国·单元测试)If you need anything during the night, just call me. I’ll be sleeping right ________.
A.stairs B.downstairs C.upstair D.stair
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果你晚上需要什么,就给我打电话。我就在楼下睡觉。
考查副词辨析。stairs楼梯,名词复数;downstairs在楼下,副词;upstair错误形式;stair楼梯,名词单数。此处需要副词作状语,表达睡觉的位置在楼下。故选B。
11.(25-26九年级上·全国·单元测试)I can’t take a walk with you because I have ________ a foot problem for weeks.
A.competed with B.suffered from
C.set up D.cheered for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我不能和你一起散步了,因为我的脚有问题已经好几周了。
考查动词短语。competed with与……竞争;suffered from患……病;set up建立;cheered for为……欢呼。根据“I can’t take a walk with you”可知,不能一起散步是因为脚有问题,用suffer from表示患病。故选B。
12.(25-26九年级上·全国·单元测试)If you want to know _________, come to join us for the trip to the museum.
A.how ancient people made medicine
B.how did ancient people make medicine
C.how will ancient people make medicine
D.how ancient people will make medicine
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你想知道古代人如何制药,来加入我们的博物馆之旅吧。
考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,“If you want to know”后接一个宾语从句,该从句需要使用陈述句语序;又根据语境可知,去博物馆应该是了解过去人们如何制药,而不是将来,所以用一般过去时。故选A。
13.(24-25九年级上·黑龙江双鸭山·期中)—Hey, the new electric car just broke the long-distance driving record!
—________ everyone’s talking about it.
A.No problem B.No wonder C.No idea
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——嘿,新电动车刚刚打破了长距离驾驶记录!——难怪每个人都在谈论它。
考查情境交际用语。No problem没问题;No wonder难怪;No idea不知道。根据“the new electric car just broke the long-distance driving record!”可知,新电动车刚刚打破了长距离驾驶记录,因此对于大家都在谈论它不足为奇,故选B。
14.(25-26九年级上·天津河北·期中)If you are ________ at school, the first thing you should do is to talk to your teacher about what happened.
A.in silence B.in trouble C.in time D.in order
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果你在学校遇到麻烦,你应该做的第一件事是和你的老师谈谈发生了什么。
考查介词短语。in silence沉默地;in trouble处于困境中;in time及时;in order整齐,按顺序。根据“the first thing you should do is to talk to your teacher about what happened”的情境可知,遇到需要求助的情况时会找老师沟通,“be in trouble”意为“遇到麻烦、处于困境”,符合语境,故选B。
15.(2023·安徽·二模)— Mr Green, you look so fine these days. How did you do that?
— Well, I used to smoke heavily. But ________ the Doctor Brown, I gave it up completely.
A.except for B.as to C.thanks to D.instead of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——格林先生,你最近看起来很好,你是怎么做到的?——嗯,我过去吸烟很厉害。但是多亏了布朗医生,我完全戒掉了。
考查短语辨析。except for除……之外;ss to关于;thanks to由于,多亏;instead of代替。根据“I gave it up completely.”和“you look so fine these days”可知应是多亏了布朗医生,故选C。
16.(25-26九年级上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考)Table manners are very important. When the dinner ________, remember to wait until the host or older people have picked up their chopsticks.
A.serves B.is served C.will be served
【答案】B
【详解】句意:餐桌礼仪非常重要。当晚餐被端上来时,记得要等到主人或年长者拿起筷子后再动手。
考查动词时态和语态。“dinner”与“serve”之间是被动关系,需用被动语态;此处描述的是餐桌礼仪的常规要求,用一般现在时表客观情况。故选B。
17.(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测)—Speaking in public causes my fear.
—Don’t worry. If you prepare your speech well, you ________ be so upset.
A.will B.won’t C.couldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——在公共场合讲话引起了我的恐惧。——别担心。如果你准备好你的演讲,你就不会那么沮丧。
考查动词时态。if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则。主句用一般将来时,排除C选项。再结合语境可知,如果准备好演讲,就不会那么沮丧。won’t符合语境,故选B。
18.(2022·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)—Dierdre, why do you enjoy reading?
—One ________ is that reading brings me joy and happiness.
A.report B.reason C.question
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——迪尔德丽,你为什么喜欢阅读?——一个原因是阅读给我带来了快乐和幸福。
考查名词辨析。report报道;reason原因;question问题。根据“why do you enjoy reading”可知,询问原因,故选B。
19.(2023·四川成都·模拟预测)My grandparents put a lot of vegetables __________ salted pork in our car when left. They always try to give us as much as possible.
A.along with B.instead of C.ahead of
【答案】A
【详解】句意:离开的时候,爷爷奶奶在车里放了很多蔬菜和咸肉。他们总是尽可能多地给我们。
考查介词短语。along with和……一起;instead of代替;ahead of在……之前。根据“My grandparents put a lot of vegetables…salted pork in our car”可知,离开时,爷爷奶奶在车里放了很多蔬菜和咸肉,along with符合题意。故选A。
20.(2023·福建南平·模拟预测)The new English teacher ________ Leonardo by us, because he looks so much like the actor in the film Titanic.
A.was called B.calls C.is called
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这位新来的英语老师被我们称为莱昂纳多,因为他长得很像电影《泰坦尼克号》中的演员。
考查被动语态。主语English teacher和谓语call“叫作”之间是被动关系,根据“he looks...”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选C。
21.(2023·湖北武汉·模拟预测)This kind of tea has been well ________ by people, especially people who care for their health and beauty.
A.sensed B.honored C.accepted D.drunk
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这种茶已经被人们所接受,尤其是那些注重健康和美容的人。
考查动词辨析。sensed感觉;honored荣幸;accepted接受;drunk喝。根据“especially people who care for their health and beauty”可知,此处表达这种茶已经被人们所接受。故选C。
22.(22-23九年级上·上海宝山·开学考试)I walked in our garden, _________ a big sign ________ in one of the trees.
A.which; was hung B.which; was hanged
C.where; was hung D.where; was hanged
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我走在花园里,一棵树上挂着一块大牌子。
考查定语从句和被动语态。分析句子可知,本句为含非限制性定语从句的主从复合句。先行词为garden,第一空在从句中作状语成分,所以应使用关系副词where;从句中主语big sign与谓语hang为逻辑上的动宾关系,应使用被动语态“be+done”,hang的过去分词为hung,所以第二空填was hung。故选C。
23.(2025·福建厦门·一模)“Snake Dwen Dwen”, a new member of Dwen Dwen family ________ to the public on November 19th, 2024.
A.will be shown B.was shown C.is shown
【答案】B
【详解】句意:“蛇墩墩”,墩墩家族的一个新成员于2024年11月19日被展示给公众。
考查被动语态。a new member of Dwen Dwen family与选项核心词show之间是被动关系,需用被动语态。再根据“on November 19th, 2024.”可知,本句时态为一般过去时,一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+done,主语为a new member of Dwen Dwen family,be动词用was,故选B。
24.(2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测)—Argentina (阿根廷) won the World Cup in the 22nd Qatar FIFA World Cup.
—Yeah! I watched the match that night. The players are ________ Argentinian (阿根廷的) people and their fans.
A.the proud of B.the pride of C.pride in
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——阿根廷队在第22届卡塔尔国际足联世界杯上夺得世界杯冠军。——是啊!那天晚上我看了比赛。球员们是阿根廷人民和他们的球迷的骄傲。
考查短语。proud骄傲的,自豪的,形容词,用于be proud of表示“对……引以为豪”;pride“骄傲,自豪”,名词,用于be the pride of 表示“是……的骄傲”;take pride in也表示“对……引以为豪”。根据“The players are...Argentinian (阿根廷的) people and their fans.”可知,球员们是阿根廷人民和粉丝们的骄傲,the pride of符合语境。故选B。
三、完形填空
(2025九年级上·江苏南京·专题练习)请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳选项。
Chengdu, the host city of the 2025 World Games, has shown the public its special torch called “Zhumeng”, which means “Bamboo Dream”. This torch is full of Chinese culture and sports spirit.
The design of “Zhumeng” is 25 by the Grand Bronze Standing Figure from Sanxingdui. This ancient relic 26 people of China’s long history. The torch looks like a tall bamboo shoot, which is a 27 plant in Sichuan. Bamboo stands for modesty and strength in Chinese culture, 28 it is perfect for a sports event.
The top of the torch has two small buds, 29 an open and friendly China. The nozzle (喷嘴) is shaped like the Sun-shaped Crown from the Jinsha Site, 30 endless energy to athletes. At the bottom, a phoenix (凤凰) holds the torch, 31 people of the hope for world peace.
Many people say “Zhumeng” is not just a torch, 32 a symbol of culture and dreams. It will 33 the spirit of unity and hard work to the world during the games. 34 wonderful design it is!
25.A.encouraged B.inspired C.discovered D.required
26.A.reminds B.expects C.warns D.promises
27.A.common B.proper C.secret D.similar
28.A.but B.or C.so D.for
29.A.proving B.showing C.doubting D.realizing
30.A.carrying B.keeping C.lending D.giving
31.A.thinking B.telling C.reminding D.allowing
32.A.and B.but C.so D.or
33.A.spread B.invite C.return D.compare
34.A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【答案】
25.B 26.A 27.A 28.C 29.B 30.D 31.C 32.B 33.A 34.B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了2025年世界运动会主办城市成都发布的火炬“竹梦”的设计理念和文化内涵。
25.句意:“竹梦”的设计灵感来自三星堆的青铜大立人像。
encouraged鼓励;inspired启发;discovered发现;required要求。根据文章第2段“The design of ‘Zhumeng’ is…by the Grand Bronze Standing Figure from Sanxingdui”可知,火炬设计是从文物中获得的灵感,是被青铜大立人像启发的。故选B。
26.句意:这件古代文物让人们想起中国悠久的历史。
reminds提醒;expects期待;warns警告;promises承诺。根据文章第2段“This ancient relic …people of China’s long history”可知,文物具有提醒作用,“remind sb. of sth.” 是固定搭配,意为 “使某人想起某事”。故选A。
27. 句意:火炬看起来像高高的竹笋,这是四川常见的植物。
common常见的;proper合适的;secret秘密的;similar相似的。根据文章第2段“The torch looks like a tall bamboo shoot, which is a…plant in Sichuan”可知,竹子是四川当地常见植物。故选A。
28. 句意:竹子在中国文化中代表谦虚和力量,因此它非常适合体育赛事。
but但是;or或者;so因此;for为了。根据文章第2段“Bamboo stands for modesty… strength in Chinese culture, so it is perfect for a sports event”可知,前面说竹子的文化象征,后面说适合体育赛事,前后为因果关系。故选C。
29.句意:火炬顶部有两个小芽,展示了一个开放友好的中国。
proving证明;showing展示;doubting怀疑;realizing实现。根据文章第3段“The top of the torch has two small buds, …an open and friendly China”可知,小芽的设计是为了展示中国的形象。故选B。
30.句意:喷嘴形状像金沙遗址的太阳神鸟冠,给予运动员无尽的能量。
carrying携带;keeping保持;lending借出;giving给予。根据文章第3段“The nozzle is shaped like the Sun-shaped Crown from the Jinsha Site, …endless energy to athletes”可知,设计传递能量,“give energy to...”表示“给…… 能量”。故选D。
31.句意:底部有一只凤凰托举火炬,让人们想起对世界和平的希望。
thinking思考;telling告诉;reminding提醒;allowing允许。根据文章第3段“a phoenix holds the torch,…people of the hope for world peace”可知,凤凰象征具有提醒的功能,“remind sb. of sth.”是固定搭配,意为“使某人想起某事”。故选C。
32.句意:许多人说“竹梦”不仅是火炬,更是文化和梦想的象征。
and和;but而是;so所以;or或者。根据文章第4段“Many people say ‘Zhumeng’ is not just a torch,…a symbol of culture and dreams”,“not just...but...” 是固定搭配,意为“不仅…… 而且……”。故选B。
33.句意:它将在运动会期间向世界传播团结和努力的精神。
spread传播;invite邀请;return归还;compare比较。根据文章第4段“It will… the spirit of unity and hard work to the world during the games”可知,火炬传播精神。故选A。
34.句意:多么精彩的设计啊!
What什么;What a多么;How如何;How a(错误结构)。根据文章第4段“… wonderful design it is!”可推知,此处为感叹句结构,“wonderful design”是可数名词短语,感叹句用“What a+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!” 结构。故选B。
四、短文填空
(2023·浙江温州·三模)阅读下面的短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Born in a village in Jingning county, Gansu province, 50-year-old Zhu Yanjun used to be a common worker. In early February this year, Zhu made headlines when he won the 35 (two) place in the annual Chinese Poetry Competition held by China Central Television. Zhu’s interest for reading 36 (encourage) by his Chinese language teacher in middle school.
Zhu worked at different cities, yet no matter 37 he was, he went to local bookstores. Every time, he took a notebook with 38 (he) in order to write down paragraphs from the books and recite them. Over the years, he has read thousands of poems and can recite 39 (much) than 1,000 of them. For him, although he has been to many different cities, it is not for travel 40 to make a living. So he expanded his horizons by reading books and poems, through which he got to know the history, 41 (tradition) and landscapes of different places. 42 (read) poetry helped Zhu stay calm and he never complained about hard work.
Because of his good performance at 43 poetry competition in February, the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau in Jingning county decided to hire him to work at the local 44 (culture) center.
Then his new life started.
【答案】
35.second 36.was encouraged 37.where 38.him 39.more 40.but 41.traditions 42.Reading 43.the 44.cultural
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个50岁的普通工人利用自己业余时间进行阅读,不仅给他带来的乐趣,同时也丰富了他的业余生活。
35.句意:今年二月初,朱在中央电视台举办的年度《中国诗词大会》中获得第二名,成为头条新闻。two“二”,基数词,此处表示顺序应用序数词second“第二”,the second place表示“第二名”。故填second。
36.句意:朱对阅读的兴趣是在他的中学语文老师的鼓励下养成的。encourage“鼓励”,动词,该句主语和encourage之间是被动关系,根据“in middle school”可知时态为一般过去时,所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为“was/were+过去分词”,主语是第三人称单数,be动词用was,encourage的过去分词是encouraged。故填was encouraged。
37.句意:朱在不同的城市工作,但无论他在哪里,他都会去当地的书店。根据前一句“different cities”可知,此处是指地点,no matter where表示“无论在哪里”。故填where。
38.句意:每次,他都随身带着个笔记本,以便记下书中的段落并背诵它们。空处位于介词with后,应用he“他”的宾格形式him。故填him。
39.句意:这些年来,他读过成千上万首诗,能背诵其中超过1000多首。than“比”是比较级的标志词,much“许多的”比较级为more“更多的”。故填more。
40.句意:对他来说,虽然去过很多不同的城市,但不是为了旅游,而是为了谋生。not... but...表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。
41.句意:因此,他通过阅读书籍和诗歌来扩大自己的视野,通过这些书籍和诗歌,他了解了不同地方的历史、传统和风景。此空应和history“历史”,landscapes“风景”并列,使用名词形式,根据“of different places”可知,名词要用复数形式traditions,表示“很多不同的传统”。故填traditions。
42.句意:读诗帮助朱保持冷静,他从不抱怨繁重的工作。句子缺少主语,应用动词read“阅读”的动名词形式reading作主语,位于句首首字母大写。故填Reading。
43.句意:因为他在二月份的诗歌比赛中出色的表现。根据“in February”可知,此处是特指这次诗歌比赛,因此需要填入定冠词the。故填the。
44.句意:静宁县人力资源和社会保障局决定聘请他到当地文化中心工作。空后center“中心”为名词,应用形容词cultural“文化的”修饰名词。故填cultural。
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