Unit 1 Science fiction一轮复习单词及派生词语境记忆法 导学案-2026届高三英语人教版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语导学案系统梳理了选择性必修4 Unit 1的生词及派生词，以语境记忆法为核心，将词汇按“名词-动词-形容词”派生关系和语义关联构建网络，通过英文句子填空任务引导学生自主运用词汇，形成从词形识别到语境应用的层级化认知框架。 亮点在于语境化自主填空设计和即时反馈机制，每个词汇配备中英双语对照的填空句子，学生通过独立完成填空诊断词汇掌握薄弱点，结合答案版修正强化记忆，培养语言能力和学习能力。教师可根据学生填空错误类型精准指导，助力个性化复习，提升自主学习效率。

高中英语 词汇语境记忆法 人教版版高中英语选择性必修4—生词及派生词语境记忆法 Unit 1 Science fiction 1. fiction n. 小说；虚构的事；fictional adj. 虚构的 英文：Science ________ often explores ________ worlds that challenge our understanding of reality. 中文：科幻小说常常探索虚构的世界，挑战我们对现实的理解。 2. integrity n. 诚实正直；完整；integral adj. 不可或缺的 英文：His personal ________ makes him an ________ and trusted member of the team. 中文：他的人品正直，使他成为团队中不可或缺且值得信赖的一员。 3. dignity n. 庄重；尊严；dignified adj. 有尊严的 英文：She accepted the award with ________ grace, maintaining her ________ throughout the ceremony. 中文：她以庄重优雅的姿态接受了奖项，在整个仪式中都保持着尊严。 4. absurd adj. 荒谬的；absurdity n. 荒谬 英文：The plot of the movie was completely ________, but we enjoyed its sheer ________. 中文：这部电影的情节完全荒谬，但我们却乐在其纯粹的荒诞性中。 5. appointment n. 预约；委任；appoint vt. 任命 英文：I have an ________ with the dentist at three. The board decided to ________ her as the new CEO. 中文：我三点约了牙医。董事会决定任命她为新任首席执行官。 6. guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的；guilt n. 内疚 英文：He was found ________ of the crime. Later, he was consumed by ________ for his actions. 中文：他被判定犯有罪行。后来，他被自己的行为所带来的内疚感所折磨。 7. suspend vt. 暂停；悬挂；suspension n. 暂停 英文：The company decided to ________ the project due to budget cuts, and the ________ will last indefinitely. 中文：由于预算削减，公司决定暂停该项目，且暂停将无限期持续。 8. dismiss vt. 解散；解雇；dismissal n. 解雇 英文：The manager had to ________ the employee for repeated misconduct, resulting in his immediate ________. 中文：经理不得不因该员工屡次行为不当而将其解雇，导致其被立即开除。 9. declare vt. 宣称；公布；declaration n. 声明 英文：The country plans to ________ its independence, and a formal ________ will be issued tomorrow. 中文：该国计划宣布独立，一份正式声明将于明天发布。 10. presume vt.&vi. 假设；presumption n. 假设 英文：Since he didn't answer, I ________ he's not interested. That was a reasonable ________. 中文：既然他没有回应，我假设他不感兴趣。这是一个合理的假设。 11. weekly adj. 每周的；n. 周刊；adv. 每周地 英文：She contributes a ________ column to a national newspaper and reads a news ________ every Sunday. 中文：她每周为一家全国性报纸撰写专栏，并且每周日都会阅读一本新闻周刊。 12. calculate vt. 计算；预测；calculation n. 计算 英文：Please ________ the total cost. Double-check your ________ before submitting the report. 中文：请计算总成本。在提交报告前，仔细检查你的计算。 13. flour n. 面粉；flour vt. 撒面粉；floury adj. 面粉的 英文：Remember to ________ the baking tray to prevent sticking. My hands are all ________ now. 中文：记得在烤盘上撒些面粉防粘。我现在手上全是面粉。 14. alien n. 外星人；a. 陌生的；alienate vt. 疏远 英文：The customs of the country felt completely ________ to him. His harsh criticism began to ________ his friends. 中文：这个国家的风俗让他感到完全陌生。他严厉的批评开始疏远他的朋友们。 15. blurred adj. 模糊的；blur v.（使）模糊 英文：Without my glasses, everything looks ________. Tears ________ her vision as she read the letter. 中文：不戴眼镜，我看什么都模糊。读信时，泪水模糊了她的视线。 16. superior adj. 更好的；superiority n. 优越性 英文：Their product is ________ in quality. They have a clear sense of ________ in the market. 中文：他们的产品质量更优。他们在市场上拥有明显的优越感。 17. inaction n. 无行动；inactive adj. 不活跃的 英文：The government's ________ on the crisis was criticized. The volcano has been ________ for centuries. 中文：政府在危机上的不作为受到了批评。这座火山已沉寂了几个世纪。 18. labour n. 劳动者；vi. 奋斗；laborious adj. 费力的 英文：The ________ of building the house was ________, but they ________ on with determination. 中文：建造房屋的劳动是艰苦的，但他们怀着决心继续奋斗。 19. lever n. 杠杆；lever vt. 撬动；leverage n. 杠杆作用 英文：He used a crowbar as a ________ to open the crate. They used their influence as ________ in the negotiations. 中文：他用撬棍作为杠杆打开板条箱。他们在谈判中用自己的影响力作为杠杆。 20. hazy adj. 模糊的；haze n. 薄雾；haze vt. 使朦胧 英文：The distant mountains were ________ in the summer ________. The window was ________ with steam. 中文：远处的山峦在夏日的薄雾中显得朦胧。窗户上蒙着一层蒸汽，变得模糊。 21. fetch vt.（去）拿来；fetching adj. 迷人的 英文：Could you ________ me a glass of water from the kitchen? She wore a ________ hat to the party. 中文：你能去厨房给我拿杯水吗？她戴了一顶迷人的帽子去参加派对。 22. division n. 分开；除（法）；divide vt. 划分 英文：The ________ of the company into two units will ________ the responsibilities more clearly. 中文：将公司划分为两个部门，将使职责划分更加清晰。 23. urge n. 冲动；vt. 催促；urgent adj. 紧急的 英文：I had a sudden ________ to travel. This is an ________ matter that requires your immediate attention. 中文：我突然有股想去旅行的冲动。这是一件紧急事项，需要你立即关注。 24. maximum adj. 最大极限的；n. 最大量；maximize vt. 最大化 英文：Drive at the ________ speed limit. We need to ________ our efficiency to meet the deadline. 中文：请以最高限速行驶。我们需要最大化效率以赶上截止日期。 25. explode vi.&vt. 爆炸；explosion n. 爆炸；explosive adj. 爆炸的 英文：The old boiler could ________. The ________ was heard miles away. Handle these ________ materials with care. 中文：那个旧锅炉可能会爆炸。爆炸声几英里外都能听到。小心处理这些爆炸性材料。 26. stun vt. 使震惊；stunned adj. 震惊的；stunning adj. 令人震惊的 英文：The news ________ the entire community. We were ________ by the ________ beauty of the waterfall. 中文：这个消息震惊了整个社区。我们被瀑布那令人惊叹的美震撼了。 27. mud n. 泥；muddy adj. 泥泞的 英文：After the storm, the path was covered in ________ and became too ________ for walking. 中文：暴风雨过后，小路上满是泥泞，变得无法行走。 28. overstatement n. 夸大；overstate vt. 夸大 英文：To say it was a disaster is an ________. He tends to ________ his accomplishments. 中文：说这是一场灾难是夸大其词。他倾向于夸大自己的成就。 人教版版高中英语选择性必修4—生词及派生词语境记忆法 答案版 Unit 1 Science fiction 1. fiction n. 小说；虚构的事；fictional adj. 虚构的 英文：Science fiction often explores fictional worlds that challenge our understanding of reality. 中文：科幻小说常常探索虚构的世界，挑战我们对现实的理解。 2. integrity n. 诚实正直；完整；integral adj. 不可或缺的 英文：His personal integrity makes him an integral and trusted member of the team. 中文：他的人品正直，使他成为团队中不可或缺且值得信赖的一员。 3. dignity n. 庄重；尊严；dignified adj. 有尊严的 英文：She accepted the award with dignified grace, maintaining her dignity throughout the ceremony. 中文：她以庄重优雅的姿态接受了奖项，在整个仪式中都保持着尊严。 4. absurd adj. 荒谬的；absurdity n. 荒谬 英文：The plot of the movie was completely absurd, but we enjoyed its sheer absurdity. 中文：这部电影的情节完全荒谬，但我们却乐在其纯粹的荒诞性中。 5. appointment n. 预约；委任；appoint vt. 任命 英文：I have an appointment with the dentist at three. The board decided to appoint her as the new CEO. 中文：我三点约了牙医。董事会决定任命她为新任首席执行官。 6. guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的；guilt n. 内疚 英文：He was found guilty of the crime. Later, he was consumed by guilt for his actions. 中文：他被判定犯有罪行。后来，他被自己的行为所带来的内疚感所折磨。 7. suspend vt. 暂停；悬挂；suspension n. 暂停 英文：The company decided to suspend the project due to budget cuts, and the suspension will last indefinitely. 中文：由于预算削减，公司决定暂停该项目，且暂停将无限期持续。 8. dismiss vt. 解散；解雇；dismissal n. 解雇 英文：The manager had to dismiss the employee for repeated misconduct, resulting in his immediate dismissal. 中文：经理不得不因该员工屡次行为不当而将其解雇，导致其被立即开除。 9. declare vt. 宣称；公布；declaration n. 声明 英文：The country plans to declare its independence, and a formal declaration will be issued tomorrow. 中文：该国计划宣布独立，一份正式声明将于明天发布。 10. presume vt.&vi. 假设；presumption n. 假设 英文：Since he didn't answer, I presume he's not interested. That was a reasonable presumption. 中文：既然他没有回应，我假设他不感兴趣。这是一个合理的假设。 11. weekly adj. 每周的；n. 周刊；adv. 每周地 英文：She contributes a weekly column to a national newspaper and reads a news weekly every Sunday. 中文：她每周为一家全国性报纸撰写专栏，并且每周日都会阅读一本新闻周刊。 12. calculate vt. 计算；预测；calculation n. 计算 英文：Please calculate the total cost. Double-check your calculations before submitting the report. 中文：请计算总成本。在提交报告前，仔细检查你的计算。 13. flour n. 面粉；vt. 撒面粉；floury adj. 面粉的 英文：Remember to flour the baking tray to prevent sticking. My hands are all floury now. 中文：记得在烤盘上撒些面粉防粘。我现在手上全是面粉。 14. alien n. 外星人；a. 陌生的；alienate vt. 疏远 英文：The customs of the country felt completely alien to him. His harsh criticism began to alienate his friends. 中文：这个国家的风俗让他感到完全陌生。他严厉的批评开始疏远他的朋友们。 15. blurred adj. 模糊的；blur v.（使）模糊 英文：Without my glasses, everything looks blurred. Tears blurred her vision as she read the letter. 中文：不戴眼镜，我看什么都模糊。读信时，泪水模糊了她的视线。 16. superior adj. 更好的；superiority n. 优越性 英文：Their product is superior in quality. They have a clear sense of superiority in the market. 中文：他们的产品质量更优。他们在市场上拥有明显的优越感。 17. inaction n. 无行动；inactive adj. 不活跃的 英文：The government's inaction on the crisis was criticized. The volcano has been inactive for centuries. 中文：政府在危机上的不作为受到了批评。这座火山已沉寂了几个世纪。 18. labour n. 劳动者；vi. 奋斗；laborious adj. 费力的 英文：The labour of building the house was laborious, but they laboured on with determination. 中文：建造房屋的劳动是艰苦的，但他们怀着决心继续奋斗。 19. lever n. 杠杆；lever vt. 撬动；leverage n. 杠杆作用 英文：He used a crowbar as a lever to open the crate. They used their influence as leverage in the negotiations. 中文：他用撬棍作为杠杆打开板条箱。他们在谈判中用自己的影响力作为杠杆。 20. hazy adj. 模糊的；haze n. 薄雾；haze vt. 使朦胧 英文：The distant mountains were hazy in the summer haze. The window was hazed with steam. 中文：远处的山峦在夏日的薄雾中显得朦胧。窗户上蒙着一层蒸汽，变得模糊。 21. fetch vt.（去）拿来；fetching adj. 迷人的 英文：Could you fetch me a glass of water from the kitchen? She wore a fetching hat to the party. 中文：你能去厨房给我拿杯水吗？她戴了一顶迷人的帽子去参加派对。 22. division n. 分开；除（法）；divide vt. 划分 英文：The division of the company into two units will divide the responsibilities more clearly. 中文：将公司划分为两个部门，将使职责划分更加清晰。 23. urge n. 冲动；vt. 催促；urgent adj. 紧急的 英文：I had a sudden urge to travel. This is an urgent matter that requires your immediate attention. 中文：我突然有股想去旅行的冲动。这是一件紧急事项，需要你立即关注。 24. maximum adj. 最大极限的；n. 最大量；maximize vt. 最大化 英文：Drive at the maximum speed limit. We need to maximize our efficiency to meet the deadline. 中文：请以最高限速行驶。我们需要最大化效率以赶上截止日期。 25. explode vi.&vt. 爆炸；explosion n. 爆炸；explosive adj. 爆炸的 英文：The old boiler could explode. The explosion was heard miles away. Handle these explosive materials with care. 中文：那个旧锅炉可能会爆炸。爆炸声几英里外都能听到。小心处理这些爆炸性材料。 26. stun vt. 使震惊；stunned adj. 震惊的；stunning adj. 令人震惊的 英文：The news stunned the entire community. We were stunned by the stunning beauty of the waterfall. 中文：这个消息震惊了整个社区。我们被瀑布那令人惊叹的美震撼了。 27. mud n. 泥；muddy adj. 泥泞的 英文：After the storm, the path was covered in mud and became too muddy for walking. 中文：暴风雨过后，小路上满是泥泞，变得无法行走。 28. overstatement n. 夸大；overstate vt. 夸大 英文：To say it was a disaster is an overstatement. He tends to overstate his accomplishments. 中文：说这是一场灾难是夸大其词。他倾向于夸大自己的成就。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $