Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land Learning About Language 学案-2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Learning About Language 学案 核心词汇 1. contrary adj. 相反的；相对立的；n. 相反的事实（或事情） on the contrary（在句中作状语）：相反地；正相反，恰恰相反 contrary to：相反的；相对立的 to the contrary（起形容词作用时，作后置定语）：相反的；相反地 即学即练——单句语法填空/完成句子： ① He continued to drink despite medical advice the contrary. ② Contrary his expectations, he found the atmosphere exciting. ③ His opinions are contrary mine. In other words, we have . 2. proceed：vi. 行进；继续做 proceed from：出于；来自；发生于；起因于 proceed with：继续某事 proceed to：向……进发；进入（下一个议程项目）；接着做 proceed to do sth：继续做某事 即学即练——单句语法填空/完成句子： ① Great things proceed small beginnings. ② Passengers for Rome should proceed Gate 32 for boarding. ③ Having said she wasn't hungry, she . 单元语法 过去分词、动词-ing形式作表语和状语 一、过去分词作表语 1. 基本用法：过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或感受。 过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态或感受，多位于系动词（be、remain、feel、look、seem、become等）之后。 例句1：An hour after the match, the kids remained excited.（比赛结束一小时后，孩子们仍然很兴奋。） 例句2：The smile on her face suggested that she was satisfied with the gifts.（她脸上的微笑表明她对这些礼物很满意。） 例句3：We were amazed at the beauty of the lake.（这个湖泊的美使我们感到惊奇。） 2. 过去分词与动词-ing形式作表语的区别 动词-ing形式意为“令人……的”，多用来形容事物；过去分词意为“（人）感到……的”，多用来形容人、人的声音或表情等。 常见词对： exciting（令人激动的）/ excited（激动的，兴奋的） surprising（令人吃惊的）/ surprised（惊讶的） encouraging（鼓舞人心的）/ encouraged（受到鼓舞的） frightening（使惊恐的）/ frightened（受惊的） interesting（有趣的）/ interested（感兴趣的） moving（令人感动的）/ moved（被感动的） pleasing（令人满意的）/ pleased（满意的） shocking（令人震惊的）/ shocked（震惊的） tiring（令人困倦的）/ tired（疲倦的） worrying（令人担忧的）/ worried（担忧的） satisfying（令人满意的）/ satisfied（满意的） puzzling（令人迷惑不解的）/ puzzled（感到困惑的） 补充例句： The piece of equipment is an exciting development.（这台设备是一项振奋人心的研究成果。） An excited crowd of people gathered around her.（一群激动的人聚集在她周围。） [即时训练1]单句语法填空/完成句子 ①There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and (disappoint）. ②When he heard the story, he was deeply .(move) ③Most of the enterprises were highly (satisfy) with the business environment improvement. ④如果你对它感兴趣，请告知我，我会给你发 送更多信息。 → , please let me know and I'll send you more information. ⑤面对新工作的调整，他感觉既兴奋又紧张。 Facing the adjustment of his new job, . 二、过去分词作状语 1. 功能 过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词所表示的动作和状态（即动作发生时的背景或状况）；构成过去分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。 - 例句：Built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful.（这座房子是30年前建造的，它看起来很漂亮。） 2. 过去分词与动词-ing形式作状语的区别 过去分词作状语 与句子主语是逻辑动宾关系（表被动） 发生于谓语动词动作之前，或与之同时发生，也可表“一种状态” 动词-ing形式作状语 与句子主语是逻辑主谓关系（表主动） 一般式(doing)：与谓语动词动作同时/几乎同时发生； 完成式(having done)：发生在谓语动词动作之前 例句对比： Seeing from the top of the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden. （从山顶看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。see与主语you是主谓关系 ） Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks like a big garden. （从山顶看，这座城市就像一个大花园。see与主语the city是动宾关系 ） 巧学妙记： 分词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。 主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用动词-ing，被动用过去分词。 having done表先后，千万要牢记。 [即时训练 2] 单句语法填空/完成句子答案 ① (design) very cleverly to fit into corners, the shelf doesn't take up much room. ② (found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. ③If you get (lose) in a strange place, you'd better not move and wait for help there. ④尽管被警告过有暴风雨，农民们仍然在田地里劳作。 → ,the farmers were still working in the fields. ⑤他把自己锁在书房里，一整天都在准备论文。 → , he has been preparing hispaper all day long.   巩固落实 一、用方框内动词的正确形式填空，找出每对句子之间的差异（注意-ed和-ing形式），然后将句子翻译成中文 see、frighten、head、amaze 1.The girls were ______ to see such an open country. The farms covered a very large area, which was . 翻译： 2 .Going into the wilderness alone can be ______. Do you feel ______ when going into the wilderness alone? 翻译： 3.______ from the top of the mountain, the scenery was really fascinating. ______ the scenery from the top of the mountain, I was fascinated by the autumn colors. 翻译： 4.______ eastwards, you will pass the Canadian Rockies. Finally, the company—______ by its new manager—started to make a profit. 翻译： 二、用方框内单词的正确形式完成句子，（注意-ed和-ing形式的不同含义） bore、excite、tire、satisfy 1.We became ______ when thinking about those beautiful locations in Finland. We expected to experience a lot of ______ things there. 2.We went to bed as soon as we arrived at the hotel because we were so ______. The eight-hour train ride was quite . 3.I was not ______ with the hotel. It was not as clean as I had expected. But we had a ______ meal at the hotel's restaurant, so I felt a bit better later on. 4It was raining hard the next day, so we just stayed in the hotel and watched TV. Sadly, the TV programmes that day were really . As we had nothing else to do, we felt pretty . 三、改写句子，必要时补充信息 示例： When people asked the man what the trip meant to him, he said it was “an experience of a lifetime”. → When asked what the trip meant to him, the man said it was “an experience of a lifetime”. 1Butchart Gardens was transformed from a quarry. It has now become a famous destination for travellers. → 2.If you compare Quebec City with other cities in Canada, it seems more like a charming European village. → 3.They did not know where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang, so they went to the Tourist Information Centre. → ______ ______ 4.When they heard that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canada's most scenic drive, they made West Vancouver their first destination. → 四、短文语境填空 A cook was caught 1. （smoke)red-handed and the owner of the restaurant made him fired immediately. With so many staff 2. (look) at him, he felt very 3._ (embarrass). His colleagues found it right for him to be punished, because the4. (light) cigarette ends could cause the whole restaurant to catch fire. The cook begged the owner to give him the last chance,The owner eventually had him apologize and got him 5. (fine). The cook was allowed to remain. Now, he is seen mopping the floors hard and I notice many customers 6. (pass) him. He reminded them to mind the sign, reading"NO SMOKING!" I hear a voice in my heart 7. （say）"respect yourself and you will feel 8. (value)". 参考答案 核心词汇 1.①to ②to ③are contrary to; contrary opinions 2.①from ②to ③proceeded to order a three-course meal 单元语法 [即时训练1] ①disappointed ②moving; moved ③satisfied ④ If you are interested in it⑤ he felt both excited and nervous [即时训练2] ① Designed storm ② Founded ③ lost ④ Warned of the ⑤Locked in his study 巩固落实 一、用方框内动词的正确形式填空并对比句子 1第一空：amazed（人感到惊讶的，用-ed形式） 第二空：amazing（事物令人惊讶的，用-ing形式） 翻译： 女孩们看到这样一片开阔的乡村感到很惊讶。 农场占地面积非常大，这令人惊叹。 2第一空：frightening（事物令人害怕的，用-ing形式） 第二空：frightened（人感到害怕的，用-ed形式） 翻译： 独自进入荒野可能是令人害怕的。 你独自进入荒野时会感到害怕吗？ 3第一空：Seen（scenery与see是动宾关系，用过去分词作状语） 第二空：Seeing（I与see是主谓关系，用-ing形式作状语） 翻译： 从山顶望去，景色非常迷人。 从山顶看景色时，我被秋天的色彩迷住了。 4第一空：Heading（you与head是主谓关系，用-ing形式作状语） 第二空：headed（company与head是动宾关系，用过去分词作定语） 翻译： 向东走，你会经过加拿大落基山脉。 最后，在新任经理的带领下，这家公司开始盈利了。 二、用方框内单词的正确形式完成句子 1 . excited（人感到兴奋的，用-ed形式）exciting（事物令人兴奋的，用-ing形式） 2 tired（人感到疲惫的，用-ed形式） tiring（事物令人疲惫的，用-ing形式） 3. satisfied（人感到满意的，用-ed形式） satisfying（事物令人满意的，用-ing形式） 4. boring（事物令人无聊的，用-ing形式） bored（人感到无聊的，用-ed形式） 三、改写句子（用分词作状语改写） 1.Transformed from a quarry, Butchart Gardens has now become a famous destination for travellers. （改写解析：Butchart Gardens与transform是动宾关系，用过去分词作状语） 2 .Compared with other cities in Canada, Quebec City seems more like a charming European village. （改写解析：Quebec City与compare是动宾关系，用过去分词作状语） 3 Not knowing where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang, they went to the Tourist Information Centre. （改写解析：they与know是主谓关系，用-ing形式的否定式作状语） 4 Hearing that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canada's most scenic drive, they made West Vancouver their first destination. （改写解析：they与hear是主谓关系，用-ing形式作状语） 四、短文语境填空 1. smoking 2. looking 3. embarrassed 4. lighted 5. fined 6. passing 7. saying 8. valued 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $