Unit 9 Ideal Jobs-直接引语vs间接引语2（讲+练）-《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版）

直接引语和间接引语2 《英语 基础模块2》（语文版2022版） Unit 9 Ideal Jobs语法 导 入 目 录 01. 人称的变化 02.时态的变化 04. 句型的变化（疑问句和祈使句） 03. 状语及其他词的变化 05. 巩固练习 I 什么是引语？ 引语：引用别人的话 引语 间接引语 直接引语 直接引述别人的话 用自己的话转述别人的话 eg. He said, “I want to save the villagers.” eg. He said that he wanted to save the villagers. 用逗号和引号（“”）把别人的话括起来。 不用引号，用宾语从句来表达。 I 人称的变化 人称变化规则：一随主、二随宾、三不变。 1. 一随主（直接引语中的第一人称，需随主句主语的人称变化。） eg. Tom said, “My spear is very powerful.” eg. Tom said his spear was very powerful. I 人称的变化 人称变化规则：一随主、二随宾、三不变。 2. 二随宾（第二人称需与主句的宾语人称一致。） John asked the boy, “How do you control your fire?” John asked the boy how he controlled his fire. I 人称的变化 人称变化规则：一随主、二随宾、三不变。 3. 三不变（第三人称不变） Tom said to Mike, “They need help.” Tom told Mike that they needed help. I 时态的变化 时态变化规则：间接引语时态需与主句时态一致。 1. 一般现在时→一般过去时： Mike said, “Tom is brave.” Mike said Tom was brave. I 时态的变化 时态变化规则：间接引语时态需与主句时态一致。 2. 一般过去时→过去完成时： Mike told Joy, “I defeated the sea monster yesterday.” Mike told Joy he had defeated the sea monster the day before. I 时态的变化 时态变化规则：间接引语时态需与主句时态一致。 3. 现在进行时→过去进行时： Tim said, “I'm practicing ice magic.” Tim said that he was practicing ice magic. I 时态的变化 时态变化规则：间接引语时态需与主句时态一致。 4. 一般将来时→过去将来时： Tim said, “I will protect the town after dark.” Tim said that he would protect the town after dark. I 时态的变化 时态变化规则：间接引语时态需与主句时态一致。 5. 现在完成时→过去完成时： They said, “we have not heard from Lily since May.” They said that they had not heard from Lily since May. I 时态不变的情况 1.当主句的动词时态是现在的时态（一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时）或将来时时，间接引语中的时态不变。 He will say, “The girl was very beautiful.” He will tell you that the girl was very beautiful. I 时态不变的情况 2.如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时。 He asked, “Which star is the biggest?” He asked which star is the biggest. I 时态不变的情况 3.当直接引语中的一般过去时与表示过去特定时间的状语连用时，转化为间接引语时时态不变。 He said, “I was born in 1990 and joined the army in 2008.” He said that he was born in 1990 and joined the army in 2008. I 状语的变化 1.地点状语 King said, “I will stay here to protect the village”. King said he would stay there to protect the village. here→there I 状语的变化 三个现在 2.时间状语 now→then 三个过去 两个将来 today→that day tonight→that night yesterday→the day before ago→before last…→the…before next…→the next… tomorrow→the next day / the following day I 状语的变化 2.时间状语 King said, “I am practicing ice magic now.” King said he was practicing ice magic then. King said, “I learned ice magic two years ago.” King said he had learned ice magic two years before. I 状语的变化 2.时间状语 Nezha said, “I visited Chentangguan last week.” Nezha said he had visited Chentangguan the week before. Ao Bing said, “I will go to the East Sea next month.” Ao Bing said he would go to the East Sea the next month. I 指示代词的变化 指示代词 Mark said, “This spear is powerful.” Mark said that spear was powerful. this→that I 指示代词的变化 指示代词 Bob said, “These villagers need help.” Bob said those villagers needed help. these→those I 方向性动词的变化 方向性动词 Tina said, “I will bring you ice to cool down.” Tina said he would take him ice to cool down. bring→take I 方向性动词的变化 方向性动词 Mary said, “I will come to your place.” Mary said he would go to his place. come→go I 句型的变化 规则 1. 直接引语为一般疑问句 Nezha asked Ao Bing, “Will you stand with me against injustice?” Nezha asked Ao Bing whether/if he would stand with him against injustice. 去逗号去引号 加引导词 if/whether（不可省略） 遵循 “三变原则”（变人称、变时态、变状语）。 变为陈述语序（将 be / 情态 / 助动词移到主语后，省 do/does/did，谓语动词做时态变化） I 句型的变化 规则 2. 直接引语为特殊疑问句 Nezha asked, “How does Ao Bing control ice magic?” Nezha asked how Ao Bing controlled ice magic. 去逗号去引号 引导词为原特殊疑问词 遵循 “三变原则”（变人称、变时态、变状语）。 变陈述语序（特殊疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语动词 + 其他） I 句型的变化 规则 2. 直接引语为祈使句 The teacher said, “Open your books.” The teacher told us to open our books. 去逗号去引号 原祈使句的动词保持原形（前面加 “to”）； Mum said, “Don’t play with fire.” Mum told me not to play with fire. I 句型的变化 特殊情况 1：含 Could you/Would you/Might I 的引语 Tom asked, “Could you tell me where the Dragon King’s Palace is?” Tom asked could you tell him where the Dragon King’s Palace is. 这些表达不表过去时态，仅表语气委婉，从句时态不受影响。 I 句型的变化 特殊情况 2：引语为 “What's the matter with…? / What's wrong with…?” He asked, “What’s the matter with your ice power, Mary?” He asked what was the matter with Mary's ice power. 特殊疑问词后语序不变，只需调整人称和时态。 巩固练习 一、完成句子 1.“How do you solve this math problem?” he asked me. He asked me ______ ______ ______ this math problem. 2. “When will your parents come back?” she asked Tom. She asked Tom ______ ______ parents ______ ______ back. 3. “Do you like the new movie?” Lisa asked her sister. Lisa asked her sister ______ ______ ______ the new movie. 4. “Have you finished your project?” the teacher asked us. The teacher asked us ________ we ________ finished our project. 5. “Please wait for me at the gate.” Jack said to me. Jack asked me ______ ______ for ______ at the gate. how solved when his come had she liked to wait him I would if if Summary 01. 人称的变化 02.时态的变化 04. 句型的变化(疑问句和祈使句) 03. 状语及其他词的变化 Thanks $