专题01 语法知识串讲1（并列连词、宾语从句）（期末复习讲义）九年级英语上学期译林版

该初中英语期末复习讲义通过分类梳理与知识框架表格系统构建了并列连词和宾语从句的语法体系，将并列连词按并列、转折、选择、因果关系分层讲解，宾语从句聚焦引导词、时态、语序三要素，并用表格归纳常考题型与命题趋势，清晰呈现知识内在逻辑与重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于分层递进的练习设计与方法指导，基础通关模块通过单项选择、语法填空等题型夯实基础，重难突破结合语篇填空强化语境应用，易混易错专项针对否定转移、时态呼应等难点辨析，培养学生语言运用能力与逻辑思维品质。资料提供知识点简化技巧（如宾语从句转“疑问词+不定式”）和错题归纳，助力不同层次学生提升，为教师实施精准复习教学提供系统支持。

专题01 语法知识串讲1（并列连词、宾语从句）（期末复习讲义） 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 并列连词、宾语从句 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 并列连词的用法 并列连词是用来连接语法地位相同的单词、短语以及句子的连词。并列连词主要分为表示并列关系、转折关系、因果关系及选择关系的并列连词。 知识点01 表并列关系的：and（和；同；与）；both…and…（……和……都）；neither…nor…（既不……也不……）；not only…but also…（不但……而且……）；as well as（而且；还；又）。 （1）and“和，并且”连接并列关系的项。 （2）both …and...“既……又……”。 （3）neither…nor…“既不……也不……”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，即谓语动词跟第二个主语一致。 （4）not only…but also…“不但……而且……”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，即谓语动词跟第二个主语一致 （5）as well as“而且；还；又”，它连接含有并列主语的句子中，谓语动词应与它前面的主语一致。 1.Both rice and cotton grown in south China. 2.My sister studies English and Japanese. 3.My father can speak English nor Chinese. 4.Neither you nor he right. 5.He can play not only basketball football. 6.Not only Peter but also Bob here every day. 7.The students as well as the teacher present at the meeting. 学生们以及老师都出席了会议。 知识点02 表示转折关系的： but（但；但是；可是）；while（然而）；yet（然而）；however（然而）。 （1）but“但；但是；可是”。 （2）yet“然而”。 （3）however“然而”。 （4）while“然而”。 1.She was very tired, she kept working till midnight. 她虽然很累了，但还是一直工作到深夜。 2.The woman is old, she looks very young. 3.My little sister is young, she is very clever. 4.Li Lei wanted to Seven Star Park, ,he didn’t know the way. 5.He’s a worker his wife is a doctor. 他是一名工人而他妻子是一名医生。 知识点03 表示选择关系的：or（或；或者；还是；否则；不然）；either…or…（或者……或者……；不是……就是……）；not…but…（不是……而是……）。 （1）or“或；或者；还是；否则；不然”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，即谓语动词跟第二个主语一致。 （2）either…or…“或者……或者……；不是……就是……”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，即谓语动词跟第二个主语一致。如：Nick is either in London or in Paris. 尼克不是在伦敦就是在巴黎。 （3） not…but…（不是……而是……）。 1.You or is wrong. 2.You can watch TV play games at home. 3.Hurry up, you’ll be late for school. 4.Either you he is going to do some shopping this afternoon. 今天下午或者你或者他去购物。 5.Ma Lin is not a student a teacher. 马林不是学生而是老师。 知识点04 表示因果关系的：so（所以）；therefore（因此）；for（因为）。 （1）so“因此，所以”。 （2）therefore“因此，所以”。 （3）for“因为”。 1.I got up late, I was late for class. 2.It’s snowing heavily, I have to stay at home. 3.Mr. Wang can’t come here today; you needn’t wait for him. 4.It must be snowing, it is bright outside. 宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、时态和语序。 1. 宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的引导词有三种：that；whether/if；特殊疑问词what/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how等。 知识点01 that引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有陈述意义时，或是宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，用于陈述一件事，宾语从句用that引导，that无意义，不充当成分，在口语或非正式文体中常被省略，但在正式场合，特别是表示建议要求的从句，一般不省略。 1.The radio says ( ) it will rain tomorrow. 收音机报道说明天要下雨。 2.3.Do you think ( ) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗? He said ( ) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。 知识点02 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有特殊疑问句含义时，或是宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，应该用连接代词（what, which, who, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导。这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。 1.Could you tell me gate we have to go to? 请问我们得走哪个门? 2.Could you tell me he said to you? 你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗？ 3.He didn’t tell me he would stay here. 他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。 4.Could you tell me you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？ 【注意】what引导宾语从句时有两种含义，一是“什么”，一是“……的东西/事情等”。 1.Can you tell me we can do for you? 请问我们能为你做点什么？(what意思为“什么”) 2.In one’s own home one can do one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。(what意思为“……的事情”) 知识点03 if或whether引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有一般疑问句含义时，或是宾语从句是一般疑问句转化而来的，引导词用if 或whether。if 或whether在句子中不充当成分，但有一定的意义，意为“是否”。if 或whether不可省略。 1.I don’t care you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。 2.I wonder you have told the news to Li Lei. 我想知道你是否已经告诉李雷这个消息了。 3.Let us know you can finish the work before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。 知识点04 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下几种情况只能用whether： ① 在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether，而不用if。 1.I want to know it’s good news or not. 我想知道是否是好消息。 2.They are talking about to go there or not. 他们正在谈论是否去那儿。 3.Can you tell me or not he will come to our party. 你能告诉我是否将要来参加我们的聚会。 ② 宾语是介词引导的从句时用whether。 1.It depends on (取决于) it is going to rain. 这取决于是否会下雨。 2.It all depends on he has enough time. 这要看他是否有足够的时间。 3.His father is worried about he loses his work. 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。 ③ 宾语是不定式时用whether。 1.I can’t decide to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。 2.We really don’t know to go or to stay. 我们确实不知道是去还是留。 ④ 有时为了强调，将宾语从句放在句首时用whether。 1. the story is true or not, I don’t know yet. 故事是否属实，我还不知道。 2. they can finish the work on time is still a problem. 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。 2. 宾语从句的时态 知识点01 如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时（包括一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时）或祈使句时，从句可根据意义需要选用任何一种时态。 1.He says that he good at English. 他说他擅长英语。 2.He says that he been ill for two days. 他说他已经病了两天了。 3.I don’t know if he come tomorrow. 我不知道是否他明天回来。 4.Xiaoming wants to know what time you up this morning. 小明想知道今天早晨你是几点起床的。 5.Do you know what he doing at 9 o’clock yesterday evening? 你知道昨天晚上九点钟他在干什么吗？ 知识点02 如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时（包括一般过去时，过去将来时，过去进行时，过去在完成时），从句要用相对应的过去的时态（即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 We asked what Jean doing then. 我们问Jean那时正在做什么。 知识点03 如果宾语从句表示客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、现阶段存在的客观事实、现在经常性或习惯性的动作、谚语、格言等，不论主句用何种时态，从句一律用一般现在时。 1.He said that the sun in the east. 他说太阳从东方升起。 2.Polly said no news good news. 波利说没有消息就是好消息。 3.He told me that his father an English teacher. 他告诉我他父亲是一位英语老师。 4.The mother told his son that two and three five. 母亲告诉她的儿子二加三等于五。 5.Lisa asked whether light faster than sound. 莉萨问光的传播速度是否比声音快。 6.We all knew that a friend in need a friend indeed. 我们都知道患难的朋友才是真正的朋友。 7.The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day. 老师昨天告诉我们十二月二十五日是圣诞节。 知识点04 如果宾语从句中有明确表示过去的时间状语，不论主句用什么时态，从句一律用过去时。 1.She said she to work here in 1998. 她说她1998年来这儿工作。 2.The teacher told us that the war out in the winter of 1923. 老师告诉我们战争爆发于1923年冬天。 知识点05 情态动词could/would用于“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。 1.Could you tell me where the nearest hospital ? 你能告诉我最近的医院在哪儿吗？ 2.Could you let me know when he here? 你能让我知道他什么时候离开这儿吗？ 3. 宾语从句的语序 知识点01 陈述句改为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。 He is a good boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said (that) he a good boy. 老师说他是一个好孩子。 知识点02 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句，语序改为陈述语序。 1.Does he work hard? I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he hard. 我想知道他是否努力工作。 2.Did you get home very late? He asked me. →He asked me if I home very late. 他问我是否到家很晚。 3.When did he leave? I don’t know. →I don’t know when . 我不知道他是什么时候离开的。 4.Where does your father work? Can you tell us?→Can you tell us where ? 你能告诉我们你爸在哪里工作吗? 【注意】当引导词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时，其语序则保持原来的语序，即“连接代词+谓语”。如： 1.He asked me . 他问我我怎么啦？（what在从句中作主语） 2.Can you tell me ? 你能告诉我出了什么事？（what在从句中作主语） 3.I don’t know . 我不知道他们中谁最小。（who在从句中作主语） 知识点03 宾语从句的否定转移 如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时，并且谓语动词多为think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等表示心理活动的词时，如果宾语从句是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移到主句的谓语动词上，而将宾语从句变成肯定形式，即否定转移。否则，变否定句看从句。 1.I believe he will come.（变否定句）→I he will come. 我相信他不会来。 2.I think chicken can swim.（变否定句）→I chicken can swim. 我认为鸡不会游泳。 3.He knows where I live.（变否定句）→He where I live. 他不知道我住在什么地方。 知识点05宾语从句的复合结构 （1）在think, find, feel, consider, make, believe等接有复合宾语的动词之后，为了避免句子头重脚轻或关系模糊，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正作宾语的宾语从句放在宾语补足语之后，即用“及物动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句”结构。 that we should learn swimming well. 我认为我们应该学好游泳是很重要的。 （2）有些动词带宾语从句时要在宾语从句前加it。这类动词主要有：hate, take, owe, have, see to。 1.He will have that our plan is really practical. 他会认为我们的计划确实可行。 2.I hate when they say with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。 （3）若宾语从句是wh-类，则不可用it代替。 1.We all consider . 我们都认为你所说的是不可信的。 2.We discovered to be valuable. 我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的。 知识点07 宾语从句的简化。 宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“疑问词+不定式”、复合宾语、动词不定式（名词、动名词、形容词或副词、过去分词）短语、名词和过去分词等。下面介绍几种常见的简化宾语从句的用法。 方法一：改为“动词+不定式短语”。当主句谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise, forget, plan等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。 1.We decided that we would help him. →We decided him. 我们决定，我们会帮助他。 2.Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes very soon. 李明希望他会很快回来。 3.She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed me with my maths. 她同意帮助我学数学。 方法二：改为“疑问词+不定式”。当主句谓语动词是ask, know, learn, remember, forget, tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 1.I don’t know what I should say.→I don’t know . 我不知道要说什么。 2.She has forgotten how she can open the door.→ She has forgotten the door. 他已忘记如何打开那扇门了。 【注意】当主句谓语动词是tell, ask, show, teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Could you tell me how I can get to the station? →Could you tell me to the station? 你能告诉我怎样去火车站吗？ 方法三：改为“宾语+动名词形式/不定式/名词（作宾补）”。当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的动名词或不定式形式。 1.They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very . 他们发现这只箱子很重。 2.She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet on the ground. 她发现钱包躺在地上。 方法四：改为“不定式（短语）”。动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。 It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed . 男孩们似乎要赢了。 方法五：改为“名词或名词短语”。 1.I’ll take back what I said. → I’ll take back . 我将收回我的话。 2.Could you tell us how we can get to the museum? → Could you tell us the museum? 你能告诉我如何去博物馆吗? 3.The boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. 那男孩不知道他在何时何地出生。 →The boy doesn’t know . 男孩不知道他出生的时间和地方 方法六：改为“动名词形式”。动词remember, forget后的宾语从句是现在完成时态时，可把宾语从句改成动名词作宾语， 1.I forget I have closed the window. → I forget the window. 我忘了我已经关过窗户了。 2.I remember that I have told her the truth. → I remember her the truth. 我记得我把真相告诉了她。 方法七：改为“过去分词或过去分词短语”。 1.The teacher found that the boy was very interested in maths. 老师发现这孩子对数学很感兴趣。 →The teacher found the boy very in maths. 老师发现这孩子对数学很感兴趣。 2.Soon they found that the ground was covered with thick snow. 他们很快发现地面被厚雪覆盖了。 →Soon they found the ground thick snow. 他们很快发现地面被厚雪覆盖了。 知识点08 宾语从句和状语从句的区别 if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，从句时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。 1.---- I don’t know if he come. 我不知道他是否会来。 2.---- He will come if it rain. 如果不下雨，他会来的。 3.---- Do you know when he come back tomorrow? 你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？ 4.---- Sorry, I don’t know. When he back, I’ll tell you. 对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1．The bike is old, ________ my grandfather still treasures it very much. A．or B．but C．and D．so 2．David said nothing, ________ simply nodded, as if understanding well. A．and B．but C．or D．so 3．—Wow, ________ useful and fashionable HUAWEI Mate 40 you have bought! —Yes, it is a great help to me. ________ I must say it also cost me a lot. A．What an; And B．What a; But C．How; And D．How; But 4．—I felt very proud when I saw many things made in China during my stay in Europe. —There’s still a long way to go. ________ “Made in China” ________ “Created in China” is what we need. A．Either；or B．Not only；but also C．Both；and D．Neither；nor 5．—In the shopping centers of most foreign countries, we can see many products made in China. —What we need is “Made in China” “Created in China”. There is still a long way to go. A．not; until B．either; or C．neither; nor D．not only; but also 6．—My parents are crazy about Running Man. How about your parents? —________my dad________my mom likes it. They prefer The Reader. A．Not only; but also B．Both; and C．Either; or D．Neither; nor 7．The game “Black Myth: Wukong” is amazing, ______ you should not stay up late to play it. A．but B．so C．or D．and 8．—Remember to drink hot water since you’re ill ________ don’t drink too much at a time. —Thanks for reminding me of that. A．and B．but C．so D．or 9．—I hear our classmates will have a spring outing to Luoma Park tomorrow. —Sounds good. But I wonder ________. A．when shall we meet tomorrow B．what shall we prepare for it C．that there will be a heavy rain tomorrow D．if I will be free tomorrow 10．—What did Mr. Zhao ask you just now? —He wonders ________ yesterday morning. A．why I am absent from school B．how I am absent from school C．why I was absent from school D．how was I absent from school 11．—Many students did well in this exam. I wonder _______. —Through their own efforts. A．how they managed it finally B．what they learned from it C．whether they tried their best D．why they failed the exam 12．—Why are the police still working at the scene of the crime? —Oh, because they are not sure ________. A．that the victim was guilty B．why they can find out the murderer C．where was the victim killed D．whether they can find out more clues 13．—I have never watched a horror film. I’m not sure ________ I can watch it until the end. —Come on! Don’t miss the ________ ending. A．if; surprising B．whether; surprised C．that; amazing D．if; amazed 14．—Do you remember ______ Leo came here? —On foot, not by car, I think. A．why B．how C．which D．when 15．It is said that we will have a 26-day winter holiday this year. I wonder ______. A．when you visited your grandparents B．that you will travel to more places C．how will you celebrate Lantern Festival D．if you have special plans for the extra time 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） （24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末） A father and his daughter were playing outside. The little girl saw an apple store and suggested 1 (buy) some apples. 2 her father didn’t have a lot of money, he had enough to get a few. So he bought two apples for his daughter. The daughter held one apple in 3 hand. Her father then asked 4 she could share one with him. Without thinking 5 (two), the girl took a bite from both apples before her father could even say a word. The father was surprised and his smile was soon gone. He started to think if he was somehow wrong to teach his daughter about sharing. He felt a little sad, 6 (think), “Maybe she is too young to understand these things or her growth and thoughts can’t 7 (control) by me alone.” But then, his daughter, holding one apple, said 8 (peace), “Dad, you can have this one. It’s the juicier (更多汁的) and 9 (sweet) one.” Hearing that, the father couldn’t say a word. He felt bad for considering his daughter as a terrible teenager that way. His smile came back at once. Judging something rapidly just by the first 10 (appear) can be misleading. Just wait and see. 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．汤姆终于发现，成长不仅意味着自由，还意味着责任。 At last, Tom discovers that growing up is about freedom about responsibility. 2．那个女孩不高兴时，她要么唱歌要么做运动。 When the girl is unhappy, she sings does exercise. 3．杰夫和劳拉都没有音乐会的票。 Jeff Laura has got a ticket to the concert. 4．我既不想看电影，也不想打篮球。 I want to watch TV play basketball. 5．复活节总是在3月22日至4月25日之间的星期天。 Easter is always on a Sunday   March 22nd April 25th. 6．我不知道这个年轻人为什么昨天熬夜到那么晚。 I don’t know yesterday. 7．他想知道我和这么多猫咪是如何相处的。 He wonders with so many cats. 8．你能告诉我音乐会开始多久了吗？ Could you tell me ? 9．妈妈想知道西蒙和新同学相处得怎么样。 Mum wants to know . 10．我怀疑是否值得采纳他的建议。 I doubt . 11．那个篮球迷想知道下周的比赛是否会现场直播。 The basketball fan wants to know next week. 12．古希腊人认为绿色与嫉妒有关。 The ancient Greeks believed that the colour green envy. 13．我们认为那部电影不适合儿童观看。 We the film children to watch. 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （2024·江苏宿迁·一模）根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 While some people stick to only 1 (first) kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day. When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up. Comedies or cartoons have funny dialog and 2 (usual) have a happy ending. The characters may not be perfect, but they do 3 (them) best to solve the problems. 4 (after) watching them, I find the problems suddenly seem less serious and feel much better. Laughing for two hours is a good way 5 (relax)! I don’t watch dramas or documentaries when I’m sad or tired. Dramas make me even 6 (sad). Documentaries 7 (provide) plenty of information about a certain subject, but when I’m tired I don’t want to think too much. I don’t mind action movies when I’m too tired to think. I can just shut off my brain, sit back and enjoy 8 (watch) an exciting superhero. Once in a while, I like to watch scary 9 (movie). They can be fun, but I’m too scared to watch them alone, so I always bring my brother. He 10 (are) afraid of these kinds of movies, and I don’t feel so scared with him. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 语法知识串讲1（并列连词、宾语从句）（期末复习讲义） 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 并列连词、宾语从句 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 并列连词的用法 并列连词是用来连接语法地位相同的单词、短语以及句子的连词。并列连词主要分为表示并列关系、转折关系、因果关系及选择关系的并列连词。 知识点01 表并列关系的：and（和；同；与）；both…and…（……和……都）；neither…nor…（既不……也不……）；not only…but also…（不但……而且……）；as well as（而且；还；又）。 （1）and“和，并且”连接并列关系的项。 （2）both …and...“既……又……”。 （3）neither…nor…“既不……也不……”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，即谓语动词跟第二个主语一致。 （4）not only…but also…“不但……而且……”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，即谓语动词跟第二个主语一致 （5）as well as“而且；还；又”，它连接含有并列主语的句子中，谓语动词应与它前面的主语一致。 1.Both rice and cotton are grown in south China. 2.My sister studies both English and Japanese. 3.My father can speak neither English nor Chinese. 4.Neither you nor he is right. 5.He can play not only basketball but also football. 6.Not only Peter but also Bob comes here every day. 7.The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting. 学生们以及老师都出席了会议。 知识点02 表示转折关系的： but（但；但是；可是）；while（然而）；yet（然而）；however（然而）。 （1）but“但；但是；可是”。 （2）yet“然而”。 （3）however“然而”。 （4）while“然而”。 1.She was very tired, but she kept working till midnight. 她虽然很累了，但还是一直工作到深夜。 2.The woman is old, but she looks very young. 3.My little sister is young, yet she is very clever. 4.Li Lei wanted to Seven Star Park, however ,he didn’t know the way. 5.He’s a worker while his wife is a doctor. 他是一名工人而他妻子是一名医生。 知识点03 表示选择关系的：or（或；或者；还是；否则；不然）；either…or…（或者……或者……；不是……就是……）；not…but…（不是……而是……）。 （1）or“或；或者；还是；否则；不然”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，即谓语动词跟第二个主语一致。 （2）either…or…“或者……或者……；不是……就是……”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，即谓语动词跟第二个主语一致。如：Nick is either in London or in Paris. 尼克不是在伦敦就是在巴黎。 （3） not…but…（不是……而是……）。 1.You or he is wrong. 2.You can watch TV or play games at home. 3.Hurry up, or you’ll be late for school. 4.Either you or he is going to do some shopping this afternoon. 今天下午或者你或者他去购物。 5.Ma Lin is not a student but a teacher. 马林不是学生而是老师。 知识点04 表示因果关系的：so（所以）；therefore（因此）；for（因为）。 （1）so“因此，所以”。 （2）therefore“因此，所以”。 （3）for“因为”。 1.I got up late, so I was late for class. 2.It’s snowing heavily, so I have to stay at home. 3.Mr. Wang can’t come here today; therefore you needn’t wait for him. 4.It must be snowing, for it is bright outside. 宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、时态和语序。 1. 宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的引导词有三种：that；whether/if；特殊疑问词what/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how等。 知识点01 that引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有陈述意义时，或是宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，用于陈述一件事，宾语从句用that引导，that无意义，不充当成分，在口语或非正式文体中常被省略，但在正式场合，特别是表示建议要求的从句，一般不省略。 1.The radio says (that) it will rain tomorrow. 收音机报道说明天要下雨。 2.3.Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗? He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。 知识点02 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有特殊疑问句含义时，或是宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，应该用连接代词（what, which, who, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导。这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。 1.Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? 请问我们得走哪个门? 2.Could you tell me what he said to you? 你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗？ 3.He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here. 他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。 4.Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？ 【注意】what引导宾语从句时有两种含义，一是“什么”，一是“……的东西/事情等”。 1.Can you tell me what we can do for you? 请问我们能为你做点什么？(what意思为“什么”) 2.In one’s own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。(what意思为“……的事情”) 知识点03 if或whether引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有一般疑问句含义时，或是宾语从句是一般疑问句转化而来的，引导词用if 或whether。if 或whether在句子中不充当成分，但有一定的意义，意为“是否”。if 或whether不可省略。 1.I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。 2.I wonder if/whether you have told the news to Li Lei. 我想知道你是否已经告诉李雷这个消息了。 3.Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。 知识点04 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下几种情况只能用whether： ① 在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether，而不用if。 1.I want to know whether it’s good news or not. 我想知道是否是好消息。 2.They are talking about whether to go there or not. 他们正在谈论是否去那儿。 3.Can you tell me whether or not he will come to our party. 你能告诉我是否将要来参加我们的聚会。 ② 宾语是介词引导的从句时用whether。 1.It depends on (取决于) whether it is going to rain. 这取决于是否会下雨。 2.It all depends on whether he has enough time. 这要看他是否有足够的时间。 3.His father is worried about whether he loses his work. 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。 ③ 宾语是不定式时用whether。 1.I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。 2.We really don’t know whether to go or to stay. 我们确实不知道是去还是留。 ④ 有时为了强调，将宾语从句放在句首时用whether。 1.Whether the story is true or not, I don’t know yet. 故事是否属实，我还不知道。 2.Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem. 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。 2. 宾语从句的时态 知识点01 如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时（包括一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时）或祈使句时，从句可根据意义需要选用任何一种时态。 1.He says that he is good at English. 他说他擅长英语。 2.He says that he has been ill for two days. 他说他已经病了两天了。 3.I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 我不知道是否他明天回来。 4.Xiaoming wants to know what time you got up this morning. 小明想知道今天早晨你是几点起床的。 5.Do you know what he was doing at 9 o’clock yesterday evening? 你知道昨天晚上九点钟他在干什么吗？ 知识点02 如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时（包括一般过去时，过去将来时，过去进行时，过去在完成时），从句要用相对应的过去的时态（即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 We asked what Jean was doing then. 我们问Jean那时正在做什么。 知识点03 如果宾语从句表示客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、现阶段存在的客观事实、现在经常性或习惯性的动作、谚语、格言等，不论主句用何种时态，从句一律用一般现在时。 1.He said that the sun rises in the east. 他说太阳从东方升起。 2.Polly said no news is good news. 波利说没有消息就是好消息。 3.He told me that his father is an English teacher. 他告诉我他父亲是一位英语老师。 4.The mother told his son that two and three is five. 母亲告诉她的儿子二加三等于五。 5.Lisa asked whether light travels/goes faster than sound. 莉萨问光的传播速度是否比声音快。 6.We all knew that a friend in need is a friend indeed. 我们都知道患难的朋友才是真正的朋友。 7.The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 is Christmas Day. 老师昨天告诉我们十二月二十五日是圣诞节。 知识点04 如果宾语从句中有明确表示过去的时间状语，不论主句用什么时态，从句一律用过去时。 1.She said she came to work here in 1998. 她说她1998年来这儿工作。 2.The teacher told us that the war broke out in the winter of 1923. 老师告诉我们战争爆发于1923年冬天。 知识点05 情态动词could/would用于“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。 1.Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is? 你能告诉我最近的医院在哪儿吗？ 2.Could you let me know when he will arrive here? 你能让我知道他什么时候离开这儿吗？ 3. 宾语从句的语序 知识点01 陈述句改为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。 He is a good boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said (that) he was a good boy. 老师说他是一个好孩子。 知识点02 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句，语序改为陈述语序。 1.Does he work hard? I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he works hard. 我想知道他是否努力工作。 2.Did you get home very late? He asked me. →He asked me if I got home very late. 他问我是否到家很晚。 3.When did he leave? I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left. 我不知道他是什么时候离开的。 4.Where does your father work? Can you tell us?→Can you tell us where your father works? 你能告诉我们你爸在哪里工作吗? 【注意】当引导词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时，其语序则保持原来的语序，即“连接代词+谓语”。如： 1.He asked me what was wrong with me. 他问我我怎么啦？（what在从句中作主语） 2.Can you tell me what is the matter? 你能告诉我出了什么事？（what在从句中作主语） 3.I don’t know who is the youngest of them. 我不知道他们中谁最小。（who在从句中作主语） 知识点03 宾语从句的否定转移 如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时，并且谓语动词多为think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等表示心理活动的词时，如果宾语从句是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移到主句的谓语动词上，而将宾语从句变成肯定形式，即否定转移。否则，变否定句看从句。 1.I believe he will come.（变否定句）→I don’t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。 2.I think chicken can swim.（变否定句）→I don’t think chicken can swim. 我认为鸡不会游泳。 3.He knows where I live.（变否定句）→He doesn’t know where I live. 他不知道我住在什么地方。 知识点05宾语从句的复合结构 （1）在think, find, feel, consider, make, believe等接有复合宾语的动词之后，为了避免句子头重脚轻或关系模糊，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正作宾语的宾语从句放在宾语补足语之后，即用“及物动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句”结构。 I think it important that we should learn swimming well. 我认为我们应该学好游泳是很重要的。 （2）有些动词带宾语从句时要在宾语从句前加it。这类动词主要有：hate, take, owe, have, see to。 1.He will have it that our plan is really practical. 他会认为我们的计划确实可行。 2.I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。 （3）若宾语从句是wh-类，则不可用it代替。 1.We all consider what you said to be unbelievable. 我们都认为你所说的是不可信的。 2.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable. 我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的。 知识点07 宾语从句的简化。 宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“疑问词+不定式”、复合宾语、动词不定式（名词、动名词、形容词或副词、过去分词）短语、名词和过去分词等。下面介绍几种常见的简化宾语从句的用法。 方法一：改为“动词+不定式短语”。当主句谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise, forget, plan等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。 1.We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him. 我们决定，我们会帮助他。 2.Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon. 李明希望他会很快回来。 3.She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed to help me with my maths. 她同意帮助我学数学。 方法二：改为“疑问词+不定式”。当主句谓语动词是ask, know, learn, remember, forget, tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 1.I don’t know what I should say.→I don’t know what to say. 我不知道要说什么。 2.She has forgotten how she can open the door.→ She has forgotten how to open the door. 他已忘记如何打开那扇门了。 【注意】当主句谓语动词是tell, ask, show, teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Could you tell me how I can get to the station? →Could you tell me how to get to the station? 你能告诉我怎样去火车站吗？ 方法三：改为“宾语+动名词形式/不定式/名词（作宾补）”。当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的动名词或不定式形式。 1.They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy. 他们发现这只箱子很重。 2.She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 她发现钱包躺在地上。 方法四：改为“不定式（短语）”。动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。 It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win. 男孩们似乎要赢了。 方法五：改为“名词或名词短语”。 1.I’ll take back what I said. → I’ll take back my words. 我将收回我的话。 2.Could you tell us how we can get to the museum? → Could you tell us the way to the museum? 你能告诉我如何去博物馆吗? 3.The boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. 那男孩不知道他在何时何地出生。 →The boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth. 男孩不知道他出生的时间和地方 方法六：改为“动名词形式”。动词remember, forget后的宾语从句是现在完成时态时，可把宾语从句改成动名词作宾语， 1.I forget I have closed the window. → I forget closing the window. 我忘了我已经关过窗户了。 2.I remember that I have told her the truth. → I remember telling her the truth. 我记得我把真相告诉了她。 方法七：改为“过去分词或过去分词短语”。 1.The teacher found that the boy was very interested in maths. 老师发现这孩子对数学很感兴趣。 →The teacher found the boy very interested in maths. 老师发现这孩子对数学很感兴趣。 2.Soon they found that the ground was covered with thick snow. 他们很快发现地面被厚雪覆盖了。 →Soon they found the ground covered with thick snow. 他们很快发现地面被厚雪覆盖了。 知识点08 宾语从句和状语从句的区别 if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，从句时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。 1.---- I don’t know if he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。 2.---- He will come if it doesn’t rain. 如果不下雨，他会来的。 3.---- Do you know when he will come back tomorrow? 你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？ 4.---- Sorry, I don’t know. When he comes back, I’ll tell you. 对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1．The bike is old, ________ my grandfather still treasures it very much. A．or B．but C．and D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然那辆自行车很旧，但我祖父仍然非常珍视它。 考查连词辨析。or否则；but但是；and并且；so所以。根据“The bike is old, …my grandfather still treasures it very much.”可知，自行车虽然很旧，但祖父仍然十分珍视，前后两句话表转折，应该用连词but。故选B。 2．David said nothing, ________ simply nodded, as if understanding well. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大卫什么也没说，只是点点头，好像很理解。 考查并列连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者；so因此。由“David said nothing,…simply nodded”可知，什么都没有说，但是点头了，前后句为转折关系，应用but连接。故选B。 3．—Wow, ________ useful and fashionable HUAWEI Mate 40 you have bought! —Yes, it is a great help to me. ________ I must say it also cost me a lot. A．What an; And B．What a; But C．How; And D．How; But 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——哇，你买的华为Mate 40真是又实用又时尚！——是的，这对我是一个很大的帮助。但我必须说，这也花了我很多钱。 考查感叹句以及连词。and和；but但是。第一个句子是感叹句，其中心词是可数名词HUAWEI Mate 40，用感叹句结构：What a/an adj. n.+主谓；useful以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，排除ACD。故选B。 4．—I felt very proud when I saw many things made in China during my stay in Europe. —There’s still a long way to go. ________ “Made in China” ________ “Created in China” is what we need. A．Either；or B．Not only；but also C．Both；and D．Neither；nor 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——当我在欧洲看到许多中国制造的东西时，我感到非常自豪。——还有很长的路要走。我们需要的不仅是“中国制造”，还有“中国创造”。 考查连词辨析。Either；or要么……要么……；Not only；but also不仅……而且……；Both； and两个都；Neither；nor既不……也不……。根据“I felt very proud when I saw many things made in China during my stay in Europe当我在欧洲看到许多中国制造的东西时，我感到非常自豪”和“There’s still a long way to go还有很长的路要走”可知，此处空所在的句子指的是我们需要的不仅是“中国制造”，还有“中国创造”。故选B。 5．—In the shopping centers of most foreign countries, we can see many products made in China. —What we need is “Made in China” “Created in China”. There is still a long way to go. A．not; until B．either; or C．neither; nor D．not only; but also 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在大多数国外的购物中心，我们可以看到许多中国制造的产品。——我们不仅需要“中国制造”，而且需要“中国创造”。这还有很长的路要走。 考查并列连词。A.直到……才；B.要么……要么；C.既不……也不；D.不仅……而且。根据“…we can see many products made in China.”和“There is still a long way to go.”可知，“中国制造”已经存在了，“还有很长的路要走”说明“中国创造”也是我们需要的，两者都需要用not only…but also…，故选D。 6．—My parents are crazy about Running Man. How about your parents? —________my dad________my mom likes it. They prefer The Reader. A．Not only; but also B．Both; and C．Either; or D．Neither; nor 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我父母很喜欢《过关斩将》，你父母呢？——我爸爸和我妈妈都不喜欢。他们更喜欢《朗读者》。 考查连词辨析。Not only…but also…不仅……而且……；Both…and…两者都；Either…or…或者……或者……；Neither…nor…既不……也不……，两者都不。根据第二句中“They prefer The Reader.”可知，父母更喜欢《朗读者》，所以他们两人都不喜欢《过关斩将》。故选D。 7．The game “Black Myth: Wukong” is amazing, ______ you should not stay up late to play it. A．but B．so C．or D．and 【答案】A 【详解】句意：《黑神话：悟空》这款游戏令人惊奇，但是你们不应该熬夜玩它。 考查连词辨析。but但是；so所以；or或者；and并且。根据“The game ‘Black Myth: Wukong’ is amazing, … you should not stay up late to play it.”可知，前后句为转折关系，but“但是”符合句意。故选A。 8．—Remember to drink hot water since you’re ill ________ don’t drink too much at a time. —Thanks for reminding me of that. A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——记得喝热水，因为你生病了，但是一次不要喝太多。 —— 谢谢你提醒我。 考查连词辨析。and和，表并列；but但是，表转折；so因此，表因果；or或者，表选择。根据“drink hot water”和“don’t drink too much at a time”可知，前后构成转折关系。故选B。 9．—I hear our classmates will have a spring outing to Luoma Park tomorrow. —Sounds good. But I wonder ________. A．when shall we meet tomorrow B．what shall we prepare for it C．that there will be a heavy rain tomorrow D．if I will be free tomorrow 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我听说我们同学明天要去罗玛公园春游。—— 听上去不错。但是我想知道我明天是否有空。 考查宾语从句。wonder后缺少宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AB；根据“wonder”可知wonder意为“想知道”，不能用that引导此宾语从句，排除C；此处用“if I will be free tomorrow”表示“我明天是否有空”。故选D。 10．—What did Mr. Zhao ask you just now? —He wonders ________ yesterday morning. A．why I am absent from school B．how I am absent from school C．why I was absent from school D．how was I absent from school 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——赵老师刚才问你什么了？——他想知道昨天早上我为什么没上学。 考查宾语从句。根据“He wonders…yesterday morning.”可知，本句是宾语从句，在宾语从句中，需用陈述句语序，排除选项D；根据从句“yesterday morning”可知，空处需用一般过去时，排除选项A、B；根据语境可知，此处应该是询问缺席原因，应用疑问词why，选项C符合题意，故选C。 11．—Many students did well in this exam. I wonder _______. —Through their own efforts. A．how they managed it finally B．what they learned from it C．whether they tried their best D．why they failed the exam 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这次考试许多学生考得很好。我想知道他们最后是怎么做到的。——通过自己的努力。 考查宾语从句。how they managed it finally他们最后是如何做到的；what they learned from it他们从中学到了什么；whether they tried their best他们是否尽最大努力了；why they failed the exam他们为什么会考试失败。根据“Through their own efforts.”表示方式可知，应用how引导的宾语从句。故选A。 12．—Why are the police still working at the scene of the crime? —Oh, because they are not sure ________. A．that the victim was guilty B．why they can find out the murderer C．where was the victim killed D．whether they can find out more clues 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——为什么警察还在犯罪现场工作？——哦，因为他们不确定他们是否能找到更多线索。 考查宾语从句。结合句子结构可知，该句是宾语从句，从句要用陈述句语序，故排除C选项；根据“because they are not sure”可知，这里是指他们不确定是否能找到更多的线索。故选D。 13．—I have never watched a horror film. I’m not sure ________ I can watch it until the end. —Come on! Don’t miss the ________ ending. A．if; surprising B．whether; surprised C．that; amazing D．if; amazed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我从未看过恐怖电影。我不确定我是否能看到最后。——来吧！不要错过令人惊讶的结局。 考查连词辨析和形容词辨析。if是否；whether是否；that引导从句无意义；surprising令人惊讶的；surprised惊讶的；amazing令人惊奇的；amazed大为惊奇的。根据“I’m not sure...I can watch it until the end.”可知是不确定是否能看到最后，用if/whether引导宾语从句；第二个空修饰名词ending用surprising/amazing。故选A。 14．—Do you remember ______ Leo came here? —On foot, not by car, I think. A．why B．how C．which D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你记得Leo怎么来这儿的吗？——我想是步行来的，不是坐车。 考查宾语从句引导词。why为什么；how怎样；which哪一个；when什么时候。分析句子，可知该空为宾语从句引导词；根据下文“On foot, not by car, I think.”可知回答的是交通方式，对交通方式提问应用“how”，表示“怎样”。故选B。 15．It is said that we will have a 26-day winter holiday this year. I wonder ______. A．when you visited your grandparents B．that you will travel to more places C．how will you celebrate Lantern Festival D．if you have special plans for the extra time 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据说今年我们会有26天的寒假。我想知道对于这段额外的时间你是否有特别的计划。 考查宾语从句。根据“It is said that we will have a 26-day winter holiday this year. I wonder...”可知句子应为一般将来时，A选项中visited为过去时，排除A选项；wonder常接if/whether引导的宾语从句或特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，一般不直接跟that引导的从句，排除B选项；宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”，C选项为疑问语序，排除C选项；D选项if引导的宾语从句，符合wonder后接宾语从句的用法。故选D。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） （24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末） A father and his daughter were playing outside. The little girl saw an apple store and suggested 1 (buy) some apples. 2 her father didn’t have a lot of money, he had enough to get a few. So he bought two apples for his daughter. The daughter held one apple in 3 hand. Her father then asked 4 she could share one with him. Without thinking 5 (two), the girl took a bite from both apples before her father could even say a word. The father was surprised and his smile was soon gone. He started to think if he was somehow wrong to teach his daughter about sharing. He felt a little sad, 6 (think), “Maybe she is too young to understand these things or her growth and thoughts can’t 7 (control) by me alone.” But then, his daughter, holding one apple, said 8 (peace), “Dad, you can have this one. It’s the juicier (更多汁的) and 9 (sweet) one.” Hearing that, the father couldn’t say a word. He felt bad for considering his daughter as a terrible teenager that way. His smile came back at once. Judging something rapidly just by the first 10 (appear) can be misleading. Just wait and see. 【答案】1．buying 2．Though/Although 3．each 4．if/whether 5．twice 6．thinking 7．be controlled 8．peacefully 9．sweeter 10．appearance 【导语】本文通过父亲和女儿之间分享苹果的故事，说明不要太快判断一些事情，有时候需要多花些时间再下结论。 1．句意：小女孩看到一家苹果店，建议买一些苹果。suggest doing“建议做某事”。故填buying。 2．句意：虽然她的父亲没有很多钱，但他有足够的钱买几个。根据“...her father didn’t have a lot of money, he had enough to get a few.”可知，虽然钱不多，但是可以买几个，although/though“尽管”引导让步状语。故填Though/Although。 3．句意：女儿两手各拿一个苹果。hand是单数，所以此处应是每只手各拿一个，且一共两只手，所以“每个”用each。故填each。 4．句意：然后她的父亲问她是否可以和他一起分享。根据“Her father then asked...she could share one with him.”可知，此处表示是否可以分享苹果，if/whether“是否”。故填if/whether。 5．句意：毫不犹豫，小女孩就毫不犹豫地把两个苹果都咬了一口。without think twice“毫不犹豫”，固定短语。故填twice。 6．句意：他有点难过，心想。此处用doing表示伴随，指在感到伤心的同时在想。故填thinking。 7．句意：也许她还太小，不懂这些事，也许她的成长和思想不是我一个人能控制的。由“by me”可知此处用被动语态，且can’t是情态动词，故用be done，control的过去分词是controlled。故填be controlled。 8．句意：但是，他的女儿，拿着一个苹果，平静地说。此处应用副词修饰动词said，peace是名词。形容词形式是peaceful，副词形式是peacefully。故填peacefully。 9．句意：这是更多汁且更甜的一个。由“juicier (更多汁的) and...”可知此处应用比较级，sweet的比较级是sweeter。故填sweeter。 10．句意：仅凭第一眼就迅速判断事物可能会产生误导。the first后加名词，appear的名词形式是appearance“出现、外表”。故填appearance。 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．汤姆终于发现，成长不仅意味着自由，还意味着责任。 At last, Tom discovers that growing up is about freedom about responsibility. 【答案】 not only but also 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少“不仅……而且……”，not only ... but also ...表示“不仅……而且……”，并列连词。故填not；only；but；also。 2．那个女孩不高兴时，她要么唱歌要么做运动。 When the girl is unhappy, she sings does exercise. 【答案】 either or 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空缺部分是“要么……要么……”，either…or…“要么……要么……”，固定搭配。故填either；or。 3．杰夫和劳拉都没有音乐会的票。 Jeff Laura has got a ticket to the concert. 【答案】 Neither nor 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，neither…nor…“两者都不”，为固定短语，且句首首字母要大写。故填Neither；nor。 4．我既不想看电影，也不想打篮球。 I want to watch TV play basketball. 【答案】 neither nor 【详解】neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列成分。本句是连接两个谓语want和play，指的是不想看电影和打篮球。故填neither；nor。 5．复活节总是在3月22日至4月25日之间的星期天。 Easter is always on a Sunday   March 22nd April 25th. 【答案】 between and 【详解】“在……和……之间”between...and...，是固定表达。故填between；and。 6．我不知道这个年轻人为什么昨天熬夜到那么晚。 I don’t know yesterday. 【答案】why the young man stayed up so late 【详解】分析句子结构可知，此句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句，“这个年轻人为什么昨天熬夜到那么晚”为动词know的宾语。根据汉语意思可知，应用特殊疑问词why来引导宾语从句；the young man“这个年轻人”，作主语；stay up so late表示“熬夜到那么晚”，根据“主现从不限”原则和“yesterday”可知从句要用一般过去时；宾语从句要用陈述语序。故填why the young man stayed up so late。 7．他想知道我和这么多猫咪是如何相处的。 He wonders with so many cats. 【答案】how I get on/how I get along 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空处缺少“如何相处”，get on/along with sb./sth.“与某人/某物相处”；主句是一般现在时，从句用一般现在时，引导词用“how”并且用陈述语序。故填how I get on/how I get along。 8．你能告诉我音乐会开始多久了吗？ Could you tell me ? 【答案】how long the concert has been on 【详解】句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，引导词是how long，从句主语是the concert；根据语境可知，此处表示过去的动作持续到现在，故时态用现在完成时，主语是名词单数，助动词用has；且此处和时间段连用，应用延续性动词，表示“开始”用结构be on。故填how long the concert has been on。 9．妈妈想知道西蒙和新同学相处得怎么样。 Mum wants to know . 【答案】how Simon gets along with his new classmates/how Simon gets on with his new classmates 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少的部分是宾语从句，时态是现在时。how “怎么样”，引导宾语从句，且从句遵循陈述语序原则；Simon西蒙，作主语；get along/on with sb.“与某人相处”；his new classmates“新同学”。故填how Simon gets along with his new classmates/how Simon gets on with his new classmates。 10．我怀疑是否值得采纳他的建议。 I doubt . 【答案】whether/if it is worth taking/accepting his advice/whether/if his advice is worth taking/accepting 【详解】根据英汉对照可知，空格处填“是否值得采纳他的建议”，也可表达为“他的建议是否值得采纳”，whether/if“是否”，be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，take/accept his advice“采纳他的建议”。由语境可知，从句时态为一般现在时，陈述现在情况。故填whether/if it is worth taking/accepting his advice/whether/if his advice is worth taking/accepting。 11．那个篮球迷想知道下周的比赛是否会现场直播。 The basketball fan wants to know next week. 【答案】if the match will be covered live/whether the match will be covered live 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“比赛是否会现场直播”，分析英文句子成分可知，此部分充当宾语从句，可以用if或whether“是否”引导。从句主语“比赛”和“报道”之间是被动关系，且根据语境可知，从句用一般将来时态，因此从句采用一般将来时态的被动语态，结构是will be+动词的过去分词。从句谓语动词可用cover“报道”，cover的过去分词是covered。副词live“现场直播”修饰动词covered。故答案为：if/whether the match will be covered live。 12．古希腊人认为绿色与嫉妒有关。 The ancient Greeks believed that the colour green envy. 【答案】had something to do with 【详解】结合中英文，此空填“与……有关”，用“have sth to do with”表示；根据“believed”可知，主句是一般过去时，宾语从句也用一般过去时，have过去式为had。故填had something to do with。 13．我们认为那部电影不适合儿童观看。 We the film children to watch. 【答案】 don’t think is good for 【详解】根据汉语提示可知此句是宾语从句，“认为”译为“think”；“对……适合”译为“be good for”，从句主语“the film”是单数，因此be动词用“is”，当主句主语是第一人称，动词是“think”时，从句的否定需转移到主句，因此第一空应填“don’t think”；第二空填“is good for”。故填don’t think；is good for。 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （2024·江苏宿迁·一模）根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 While some people stick to only 1 (first) kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day. When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up. Comedies or cartoons have funny dialog and 2 (usual) have a happy ending. The characters may not be perfect, but they do 3 (them) best to solve the problems. 4 (after) watching them, I find the problems suddenly seem less serious and feel much better. Laughing for two hours is a good way 5 (relax)! I don’t watch dramas or documentaries when I’m sad or tired. Dramas make me even 6 (sad). Documentaries 7 (provide) plenty of information about a certain subject, but when I’m tired I don’t want to think too much. I don’t mind action movies when I’m too tired to think. I can just shut off my brain, sit back and enjoy 8 (watch) an exciting superhero. Once in a while, I like to watch scary 9 (movie). They can be fun, but I’m too scared to watch them alone, so I always bring my brother. He 10 (are) afraid of these kinds of movies, and I don’t feel so scared with him. 【答案】1．one 2．usually 3．their 4．After 5．to relax 6．sadder 7．provide 8．watching 9．movies 10．isn’t 【导语】本文主要讲述了自己喜欢看不同类型的电影取决于自己当天的心情。 1．句意：有些人只看一种电影，而我喜欢看不同类型的电影，这取决于我那天的感受。根据“While some people stick to only…kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day.”及提示词可知，此处表达“只看一种电影”，因此空处应用基数词one。故填one。 2．句意：喜剧或卡通有有趣的对话，通常有一个快乐的结局。根据“Comedies or cartoons have funny dialog and…have a happy ending.”及提示词可知，空处应用副词修饰动词have；usual“通常的”，形容词，副词为usually。故填usually。 3．句意：人物也许并不完美，但他们尽力去解决问题。根据“The characters may not be perfect, but they do…best to solve the problems.”及提示词可知，do one’s best“尽某人最大的努力”，动词短语；them的形容词性物主代词为their。故填their。 4．句意：看完之后，我发现问题突然变得不那么严重，感觉也好多了。after“在……之后”，介词，位于句首首字母大写。故填After。 5．句意：大笑两个小时是放松的好方法。根据“Laughing for two hours is a good way…”及提示词可知，空处应用动词不定式作后置定语，relax“放松”，动词。故填to relax。 6．句意：戏剧让我更加难过。根据“I don’t watch dramas or documentaries when I’m sad or tired. Dramas make me even…”及提示词可知，此处表达“更难过”，应用形容词比较级，sad“悲伤的”，比较级为sadder。故填sadder。 7．句意：纪录片提供了关于某个主题的大量信息，但是当我累的时候，我不想想太多。根据“Documentaries…plenty of information about a certain subject, but when I’m tired I don’t want to think too much.”及提示词可知，句子为一般现在时，主语Documentaries为复数形式，因此空处应用动词原形，provide“提供”，动词。故填provide。 8．句意：我可以关闭我的大脑，坐下来享受观看一个令人兴奋的超级英雄。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，watch“观看”，动词。故填watching。 9．句意：偶尔，我喜欢看恐怖电影。根据“Once in a while, I like to watch scary…”及提示词可知，空处应用名词复数作宾语，movie“电影”，可数名词。故填movies。 10．句意：他不害怕这类电影，我和他在一起也不觉得害怕。根据“He…afraid of these kinds of movies, and I don’t feel so scared with him.”及提示词可知，句子为一般现在时，主语he为第三人称单数，并且句子表达“他不害怕这类电影”，因此应用isn’t表示否定。故填isn’t。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $