Unit5语法讲练：一般现在时与how用法 讲义2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级下册

2025-2026 学年外研版英语（2024）七年级下册 Unit 5 语法讲练：一般现在时与 how 疑问词用法 一、核心知识精讲 （一）一般现在时 肯定句：主语 + 动词（原形 / 三单） + 自然相关状语（时间 / 地点） They watch birds in the wetland every weekend.（他们每周在湿地观鸟。） 否定句：主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形 + 自然相关状语 I don't pick flowers in the park. It's bad for nature. （我不在公园摘花，这对自然不好。） He doesn't harm small animals. He loves them. （他不伤害小动物，他喜欢它们。） 一般疑问句：Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 自然相关状语 Do you grow vegetables in your backyard?（你在后院种蔬菜吗？ Yes, I do. / No, I don't. Does the river flow through our city?（这条河流经我们的城市吗？） Yes, it does. / No, it doesn't. （二）how 疑问词用法 疑问短语 核心含义 回答方式 How do you...? 询问观察 / 探索自然的方式（如观鸟、种花） 用 by + 方式（doing sth.）/with 工具（binoculars 等）回答 How is...? 询问自然事物的状态（如森林、河流、天气） 用形容词（green/clean/sunny 等）回答 How long...? 询问自然现象持续时间（如花期、雨季） 用 for + 时间段回答 How often...? 询问观察 / 接触自然的频率 用频度副词（every week/twice a season 等）回答 二、常见易错点突破 第三人称单数动词漏变 错误：She collect beautiful stones from the beach every summer. 正确：She collects beautiful stones from the beach every summer.（主语 “she” 是第三人称单数，动词加 - s） 错误：The moon rise at 8:00 p.m. tonight. 正确：The moon rises at 8:00 p.m. tonight.（主语 “the moon” 是单数名词，动词加 - s） 一般疑问句中助动词与动词搭配错误 错误：Does you study the growth of tomato plants? 正确：Do you study the growth of tomato plants?（主语 “you” 用助动词 do，不用 does） 错误：Do the wind blow strongly in winter? 正确：Does the wind blow strongly in winter?（主语 “the wind” 是不可数名词，视为第三人称单数，助动词用 does） how 疑问短语搭配错误 错误：How you observe birds in the park? 正确：How do you observe birds in the park?（缺少助动词 do） 错误：How often is the cherry blossom? 正确：How long is the cherry blossom season?（询问 “花期时长” 用 how long，how often 表 “频率”，此处语义不符） 自然主题表达逻辑错误 错误：It rains a lot, so the plants don't grow well. 正确：It rains a lot, so the plants grow well.（因果逻辑需匹配，“多雨” 应促进 “植物生长”） 三、即时小练：基础巩固 用动词的适当形式填空 ① I ______（watch）the stars with my dad on clear nights. ② Tom ______（not visit）the mountain are A. He is afraid of heights. ③ The cherry tree in our school ______（bloom）in March every year. ④ ______ your class ______（go）on a nature trip every spring? ⑤ We ______（protect）wild animals by not throwing rubbish in the forest. 用 how 相关疑问词补全句子 ① ______ ______ you study the life of ants?I study them by watching their nest every afternoon. ② ______ ______ is the forest in your hometown?It's very green. There are many tall trees. ③ ______ ______ do you water the plants in your garden?Every two days. Too much water is bad for them. ④ ______ ______ does the rainy season last in your city?For about two months. Usually from June to July. 四、单元语境精练 （一）语篇填空：探索奇妙自然 根据上下文，用动词的适当形式或 how 相关疑问词补全短文，每空 1 分。My name is Tom. I'm crazy about "Amazing nature"—I love everything about plants, animals and the sky. Every weekend, I 1. ______（go）to the nature park near my home. I 2. ______（take）a notebook with me to write down what I see. Sometimes, my friend Lisa 3. ______（join）me. She 4. ______（know）a lot about birds. She often 5. ______（teach）me to recognize different bird calls. In spring, we 6. ______（look）for new flowers. In autumn, we 7. ______（collect）colorful leaves. My grandma lives on a farm. I often ask her on the phone: "8. ______ do you grow such big vegetables?" She says: "I grow them by watering them every morning and using natural fertilizer." I also ask: "9. ______ is the most amazing thing in nature for you?" She answers: "It's watching little chicks break out of their eggs. It's a miracle!" I hope to learn more about nature every day. （二）句型转换：按要求改写句子 We observe butterflies in the meadow every Sunday. （改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）______ you ______ butterflies in the meadow every Sunday?Yes, ______ ______. Anna grows roses in her front yard. （改为否定句）Anna ______ ______ roses in her front yard. The sun sets at 6:45 p.m. in winter. （对划线部分提问）______ ______ the sun ______ in winter? I protect the environment by recycling plastic bottles. （对划线部分提问）______ ______ you ______ the environment? 五、综合闯关训练 （一）单项选择 I ______ pictures of beautiful scenery when I go on nature trips. A. take B. takes C. taking D. to take ______ your sister ______ part in the school's nature club activities?Yes, she does. She goes bird-watching with the club. A. Do; take B. Does; take C. Do; takes D. Does; takes He ______ cut down trees. He knows trees are important for nature. A. don't B. doesn't C. isn't D. aren't ______ do you feel when you walk in the forest?I feel calm and happy. The air is fresh. A. What B. Where C. How D. When The lotus flower ______ in summer and ______ in autumn. A. bloom; fade B. blooms; fade C. bloom; fades D. blooms; fades How ______ the weather in the mountain yesterday?It was cool and cloudy. Perfect for hiking. A. is B. are C. was D. were We ______ throw rubbish into the river. It pollutes the water. A. not B. don't C. doesn't D. aren't How often ______ Lucy visit the city's botanical garden?Once a month. She loves seeing rare plants there. A. do B. does C. is D. are My little brother ______ ants carry food back to their nest every afternoon. A. watch B. watches C. watching D. to watch ______ does the maple leaf stay red?For about a month. Then it falls off the tree. A. How long B. How often C. When D. How （二）改错题：下列句子各有一处错误，请找出并改正 She study the changes of the moon every night.______ → ______ Do his grandpa grow apples on the farm?______ → ______ How you protect the birds in your neighborhood?______ → ______ The river flow through the small town and into the sea______ → ______ They doesn't go camping in winter. It's too cold.______ → ______ （三）情景对话：用一般现在时或 how 疑问词补全对话 A: Hi, Lisa! 1. ______ do you usually explore nature? B: I usually 2. ______（go）to the lake near my home. I watch fish swim in the water. A: 3. ______ is the lake? Is it clean? B: Yes, it is. The water 4. ______（look）clear and blue. A: What time 5. ______ you 6. ______（go）there? B: I 7. ______（go）there at 4:00 p.m. after school. The sun is not too hot then. A: 8. ______ do you take with you? B: I usually 9. ______（take）a bottle of water and a small notebook. A: 10. ______ do you like exploring nature? B: Because it helps me learn new things about the world! 六、单元语法小结 语法类型 核心规则 一般现在时（自然主题） 主语为三单时动词加 - s/-es；否定句用 don't/doesn't + 原形，疑问句用 Do/Does + 原形 how 疑问词 how 表方式，how is 表状态，how often 表频率，how long 表自然现象时长 自然主题高频动词三单 visit→visits，study→studies，collect→collects，rise→rises，grow→grows 答案与解析 三、即时小练 ① watch ② doesn't visit ③ blooms ④ Does; go ⑤ protect ① How do ② How is ③ How often ④ How long 四、单元语境精练 （一）1. go 2. take 3. joins 4. knows 5. teaches 6. look 7. collect 8. How 9. What （二）1. Do; observe; we do 2. doesn't grow 3. When does; set 4. How do; protect 五、综合闯关训练 （一）1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.A （二）1. study→studies 2. Do→Does 3. 加 do（How do you） 4. flow→flows 5. doesn't→don't （三）1. How 2. go 3. How 4. looks 5. do 6. go 7. go 8. What 9. take 10. Why 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $