特殊句式系统复习倒装句强调句等-备战2026届高考英语一轮复习语法全解（人教版）

ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（人教版） Chapter1特殊句式系统复习（倒装句、强调句等） 考频分析 特殊句式系统复习是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的0%左右，主要分布在试卷部分核心 题型：单项选择(1-2题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（偶尔涉及句式理解）。在语境理解和语法应用 类题目中，倒装句的结构、强调句的连接词选择往往是解题关键。 老查内容 高中英语对特殊句式系统复习（倒装句、强调句等）的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖结构特征与语境应用： ·倒装句：完全倒装(here/there引导、表语提前等)与部分倒装（否定词前置、only+状语前置、so/such.that 结构等)的结构规则及辨别； ·强调句：It is/was+-被强调部分+that/who+其他部分的基本结构，与定语从句的区分及特殊疑问句形式； ·其他特殊句式：祈使句、感叹句的构成与语气表达，反意疑问句的陈述部分与疑问部分的呼应规则（含 特殊代词、情态动词等情况)。 精讲精练 知识点一：倒装句的结构及用法 ·1.完全倒装（谓语动词置于主语之前） -适用情况：表示方位的副词(here/there/outl/in/up//down)或介词短语置于句首时 -例句：口Here comes the bus.(here置于句首，谓语动词comes放在主语the bus之前)口In front of the house stands a tall tree.(介词短语置于句首，谓语动词stands放在主语a tall tree之前) ·2.部分倒装（助动词/情态动词置于主语之前） -适用情况：否定副词(never/seldom/hardly/scarcely/neither/nor)或”only+状语”置于句首时 -例句：Never have|seen such a beautiful place.(否定副词never置于句首，助动词have放在主 语I之前)口Only in this way can you solve the problem.("only+状语”置于句首，情态动词can放 在主语you之前) ·3.特殊句式倒装(as/though引导让步状语从句) 一结构特点：将表语/状语/动词原形置于句首，as/though置于其后 -例句：Young as he is,he knows a lot..(表语young置于句首，as引导让步状语从句)Try as he might,he couldn't open the door..(动词原形try置于句首，as引导让步状语从句) 【即学即练】 1.【完全倒装判断】In front of the building_(stand)a big garden.请填写正确的谓语动词形式。 2.【部分倒装选择】Never_I seen such an interesting film before A.have B.has C,do D.does 3.【倒装结构辨析】Only when you finish your homework一you watch TV. A.can B.do C.will D.may 4.【让步状语从句倒装】_as he is,he can speak three languages. A.Young B.Younger C.Old D.Older 5.【倒装规则应用】Here_the train.请填写正确的谓语动词形式。 语法复习|英语|人教版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（人教版） 知识点二：强调句和省略句 ·1.强调句（突出句子某一成分，常用It is/was.that/who..”结构） 1.基本结构 -强调人：It is/was+被强调部分（主语/宾语/状语）+who+其他部分 -强调物/事：It is/was+被强调部分（主语/宾语/状语）+that+其他部分 -注：强调句去掉"It is/was..that/who.”后，剩余部分仍为完整句子 2.时态规则 -一般现在时/将来时：tis+被强调部分+that/who. -一般过去时：twas+被强调部分+that/who.. 3.例句 -It is Tom who helped me with my English yesterday..(强调主语Tom) -口It was in the park that I met my old friend last Sunday.(强调地点状语in the park) -口It is this book that my father gave me as a birthday gift..(强调宾语this book) ·2.省略句（为避免重复或使句子简洁，省略句中某些成分） 1.简单句中的省略（常见于祈使句、回答或并列句） -祈使句省略主语(you)例句：Open the window,please.(省略主语you) -回答中省略重复部分例句：一Do you like swimming?一Yes,Ido.(完整句为Yes,I like swimming, 省略like swimming) -并列句中省略相同谓语/宾语例句：He likes English,and she(ikes)math.(省略重复谓语likes) 2.复合句中的省略（状语从句、宾语从句） -状语从句中省略主语和be动词（当主句主语与从句主语一致，且从句含be动词时）例句：hile (Iwas)reading,I heard a loud noise.(省略主语I和was) -宾语从句中省略连接词that(当that不充当成分且位于句中时)例句：She said(that)she would come to the party tomorrow.(省略连接词that) 3.固定句型中的省略 -"hy not+动词原形”（表建议，省略主语和助动词）例句：Why not go for a walk?(完整句为hy don't you go for a walk?) -"had better(not)+动词原形”（省略主语you)例句：You had better finish your homework first.(☐ 语中常省略主语You) 知识点三：虚拟语气 ·1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气 -基础结构：if+主语+动词过去式(be动词用were),主语+would/could/should/might+动词原形 -例句：口If I were you,I would take the job.(如果我是你，我会接受这份工作。)口If she had time,she could help us with the project.(如果她有时间，她会帮我们做这个项目。)口If they studied harder, they might pass the exam.(如果他们更努力学习，他们可能会通过考试。) ·2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气 -基础结构：if+主语+had+过去分词，主语+would/could/should/might+have+过去分词 -例句：口If he had told me the truth,.I wouldn't have been angry..(如果他告诉我真相，我就不会生气 了。)口If we had left earlier,we could have caught the train.(如果我们早点出发，就能赶上火车了。) If she had practiced more,she should have won the competition.(如果她多练习，她本应该赢得 比赛的。) ·3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气 -基础结构：if+主语+动词过去式/should+动词原形were to+动词原形，主语+ would/could/should/might+动词原形 -例句：口If it rained tomorrow,we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。)口fyou should meet her,please tell her to call me.(如果你见到她，麻烦告诉她给我打电话。)口If he were to come next week,we might have a party.(如果他下周来，我们可能会举办一个派对。) ·4.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用 -”suggest/.insist/demand/order+that从句”（从句谓语用”should+动词原形”，should可省略）例句： 口The teacher suggested that we(should)finish the task by Friday.(老师建议我们周五前完成任务。) 口He insisted that she(should)apologize for her mistake.(他坚持要求她为自己的错误道歉。) -”'It is important/necessary/strange+that从句”（从句谓语用”should+动词原形”）例句：It is necessary that we should take measures to protect the environment.(我们有必要采取措施保护环境。) 语法复习|英语引人教版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（人教版） 考法一：完全倒装句的判断与运用 ·核心：根据句首出现的方位副词或介词短语，判断是否使用完全倒装，将谓语动词置于主语之前 ·真题1（语法填空）： In front of the classroom_(stand)a big tree. -答案：stands解析：句首为介词短语"In front of the classroom”,符合完全倒装适用情况，主语”abig tree”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用stands。 ·真题2（完形填空）： -Here_the bus.Let's hurry up. A.come B.comes C.came D.coming -答案：B解析：句首为方位副词"Here”,符合完全倒装适用情况，主语"the bus”为第三人称单数，用 一般现在时，谓语动词用comes。. 考法二：倒装句与强调句融合辨析 ·核心：区分完全倒装、部分倒装与强调句结构，根据语境判断句子类型并补全正确形式 ·真题1（语法填空）： -_(be)the bell rung when the teacher came in. -答案：Hardly had解析：否定副词hardly置于句首时需部分倒装，结合”when the teacher came in” 可知动作发生在过去，用过去完成时，将助动词had置于主语the bell前，构成"Hardly had.when” 结构。 ·真题2（单项选择）： It was in this room-we held the meeting yesterday. A.where B.that C.which D.when -答案：B解析：去掉"twas.that."后，剩余部分"we held the meeting in this room yesterday”为完 整句子，符合强调句"'it is/was+被强调部分+that+其他”结构，此处强调地点状语in this room。 考法三：倒装句、强调句与虚拟语气的综合运用 ·核心：结合语境判断是否使用倒装、强调结构及虚拟语气，掌握三者在复杂句式中的融合规则 ·真题1（单项选择）： -Never__such a terrible storm hit the village.If we-_more prepared,we_avoided the heavy loss. A.have I seen;were;could have B.I have seen;had been;would B.have I seen;had been;could have D.I have seen;were;would have -答案：C解析：否定副词never:置于句首，主句需部分倒装（助动词have提前），排除B、D;第二句 表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句用had+过去分词，主句用could have+过去分词，故选C。 ·真题2（语法填空）： It was only after she left_I realized how important she _(be)to me.If she_(stay),I would have told her the truth. -答案：that;had been;had stayed解析：第一句为强调句，强调时间状语only after she left,结构为 twas.that.;第二空”意识到她对我的重要性”发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时had been;第三 句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句用had+过去分词stayed。 语法复习|英语引人教版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（人教版） 解题小妙招 ·倒装判断妙招 -完全倒装看句首，方位副词介个词短语；谓语置于主语前，主谓一致要牢记；here there常出现，名词 主语倒装需；代词主语不倒装，语法填空要注意。 -部分倒装记规则，否定副词放句首；hardly never为代表，助动词要提前；only修饰状语时，部分倒 装不可忘；虚拟语气条件句，had were should提前；省去if记心间，部分倒装要遵循。 ·强调句型有特点 -it is was加部分；去掉结构成完整，that连接是关键；人用who物用that,强调状语that最佳；单选 判断看剩余，完整句子即强调。 ·综合运用有技巧 -先辨句型再判断；倒装强调先识别，虚拟语气看时间；过去事实相反时，had done加could have;否 定副词开头时，部分倒装是首选；三者融合莫慌张，一步一步来分析。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.Here the bus.Let's get ready to board. A.come B.comes C.came D.coming 2.It was Tom_helped me with my homework last night. A.which B.whom C.who D.where 3.Never_such a beautiful sunset before I visited this beach. A.have I seen B.I have seen C.did I see D.I saw 4.If Iyou,I would not make the same mistake again. A.am B.was C.were D.be 5.Only by working hard_achieve your goals. A.you can B.can you C.you will D.will you 6.It was in the park_I met my old friend yesterday. A.where B.that C.which D.when 7.Hardly_the classroom when the bell rang. A.had I entered B.I had entered C.did enter D.I entered 8.If shemore carefully,she wouldn't have made so many mistakes. A.works B.worked C.had worked D.would work 9.Young-he is,he has rich experience in teaching. A.as B.although C.though D.while 10.Neversuch a wonderful movie before.I wish I_it earlier. A.have I seen;watched B.I have seen:had watched B.have I seen;had watched D.I have seen;watched 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.In the distance(stand)a tall mountain covered with snow. 2.It was with great effort_she finally passed the exam. 3.If I(know)the truth,I would have told you earlier. 4.Only when you lose something__you realize its value 5.Here_(come)the teacher.Let's keep quiet. 6._(be)it not for your help,I couldn't have finished the task. 7.It was in this house_I spent my childhood. 8.Scarcely-he left the room when the phone rang. 9.If they_(arrive)on time,they would have caught the train. 10.Not only__she speak English fluently,but also she can speak French. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） When I look back on my high school days,I often think about the day I almost missed the final exam.It was a rainy morning,and I overslept.1.-(hurry)to school,I found the classroom door locked.I realized I had left my keys at home.2.-(sudden),I heard a voice behind me:"Need help?"It was my teacher, Mr.Li.He let me in and said,"3.-is important to be responsible for your actions." Later,I learned Mr.Li had waited for me for 20 minutes.4.-(not want)to disappoint him,I worked hard and finally passed the exam.I often wonder:If I 5.-(not meet)Mr.Li that day,what 6.-(happen)?I might have failed the exam. Now,whenever I face difficulties,I remember Mr.Li's words:"Only by taking responsibility 7.-_you grow up."It was Mr.Li 8.taught me the importance of responsibility.I wish I 9.-(express)my gratitude to him earlier. 10.-(reflect)on this experience,I realize that small acts of kindness can change a person's life. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.C3.A4.C5.B6.B7.A8.C9.A10.C 演练二：填空试题 1.stands 2.that 3.had known 4.will 5.comes 6.Were 7.that 8.had 9.had arrived 10.does 演练三：语法填空 1.Hurrying 2.Suddenly 3.It 4.Not wanting 5.hadn't met 6.would have happened 7.can 8.who/that 9.had expressed 10.Reflecting 语法复习|英语|人教版