特殊句式系统复习倒装句强调句等-备战2026届高考英语一轮复习语法全解（沪教版）

ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（沪教版） Chapter1特殊句式系统复习（倒装句、强调句等） 考频分析 特殊句式系统复习（倒装句、强调句等）是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的10%左右，主要 分布在试卷的关键题型：单项选择(1-2题)、语法填空(1题)、阅读理解（辅助理解长难句）。在语法类 题目中，倒装句的结构、强调句的引导词及与其他句式的区分往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对特殊句式的考察聚焦两大核心，覆盖结构特征与语境运用： ·倒装句：完全倒装(here,there,out等副词置于句首)、部分倒装（否定副词、only+状语、so/such...that 等结构)的基本结构与辨认； ·强调句：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who.的句式结构、与定语从句的区分及特殊疑问句形式o 精讲精练 知识点一：倒装句的结构及用法 ·1.完全倒装（谓语动词完全置于主语之前） -适用情况：表示方位/时间的副词(here/there/now/then)或介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词时 -例句：Here comes the bus.(副词here置于句首，主语the bus为名词，谓语comes完全倒装)· In front of the house stands a tall tree.(介词短语置于句首，主语a tall tree为名词，谓语stands完 全倒装) ·2.部分倒装（助动词情态动词置于主语之前，实义动词保留原位） -适用情况1：否定副词(never/seldom/hardly/rarely)或半否定词(little/few)置于句首时 -例句：口Never have I seen such a beautiful place.(否定副词never置于句首，助动词have提前， 主语I后接实义动词seen)口Seldom does she go to the cinema alone.(否定副词seldom置于句 首，助动词does提前，主语she后接实义动词go) -适用情况2：”oly+状语”（副词介词短语状语从句）置于句首时 -例句：口Only then did I realize my mistake.(only+副词then置于句首，助动词did提前，主语I后 接实义动词realize)口Only by working hard can we achieve our goals..(only+介词短语置于句首， 情态动词can提前，主语we后接实义动词achieve) ·3.特殊句式倒装（固定搭配要求的倒装） -常用结构：so/neither/nor-+助动词/情态动词+主语（表示”也/也不”，指代前文情况） -例句：·She likes music,and so do l.(前文为肯定句，用so+助动词do+主语I表示”我也一样”)口 He can't speak French,nor can his brother..(前文为否定句，用nor+情态动词can+主语his brother 表示”他弟弟也不会”) 【即学即练】 1.【完全倒装判断】以下句子中属于完全倒装的是？ A.I have never seen such a film before. B.Here comes the train. C.Only in this way can we solve the problem. D.She doesn't like tea,nor do l. 2.【部分倒装填空】Never_(I meet)him in the park before. 3.【倒装结构辨析】Only when you finish your homework_(you can)watch TV. A.you can B.can you C.you will D.will you 4.【特殊倒装用法】He can swim very well,and一 A.so l can B.so can I C.neither I can D.neither can I 5.【倒装条件判断】完全倒装的核心条件是：句首为方位/时间副词或介词短语，且一为名词。 语法复习|英语|沪教版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（沪教版） 知识点二：强调句和虚拟语气 ·1.强调句（强调谓语外的成分） -口基本结构 -It is/was+被强调部分（主语/宾语/状语）+that/who+句子其余部分（被强调部分是人时可用who, 其他情况用that) -·例句 -口It was Tom that/who helped me yesterday..(强调主语Tom,原句：Tom helped me yesterday.) -☐It is in the park that we will have a picnic tomorrow.(强调地点状语in the park,原句：Ne will have a picnic in the park tomorrow. 一口特殊考点：强调句的疑问形式 -How was it that you solved the problem？(对方式状语提问，结构：疑问词+is/was+it+that+其余部 分) ·2.虚拟语气（非真实情况的假设） -口与现在事实相反（主句用would/could/might-+动词原形，从句用一般过去时，be动词用were) -例句：If I were you,I would take the chance.(我不是你，与现在事实相反；从句were,主句would take) -口与过去事实相反（主句用would/could/might+-have+过去分词，从句用过去完成时） -例句：She would have passed the exam if she had studied harder..(她过去没努力，与过去事实相 反；从句had studied,主句would have passed) -口与将来事实相反（主句用would/could/might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时/should+动词原形were to+动词原形) -例句：If it should rain tomorrow,we would cancel the trip.(明天未必下雨，与将来事实相反；从句 should rain,主句would cancel) -口固定句型：suggest/insist/demand-+that从句（谓语用should+动词原形，should可省略） -例句：The teacher suggested that we(should)finish the task by Friday.(suggest表示“建议”，从 句用虚拟语气should finish,should可省略) 知识点三：状语从句 ·1.时间状语从句 一常用引导词及用法： -口when(当…时，主句与从句动作可同时或先后发生)→例句：hen she arrived,the party had already started. -口while(当…时，强调主句与从句动作同时进行，从句常用进行时)→例句：/hile I was reading, my brother was listening to music. -口until//till(直到…，主句为肯定句时谓语用延续性动词)→例句：He waited until she finished her work -口as soon as(一…就…，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来)→例句：will call you as soon as I arrive in Shanghai. ·2.条件状语从句 一常用引导词及用法： -口if(如果，主句用将来时情态动词，从句用一般现在时)→例句：If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home -口unless(除非，=if not,主句用将来时情态动词，从句用一般现在时)→例句：You will fail unless you work hard. -☐as long as(只要，引导充分条件)→例句：You can borrow the book as long as you return it on time. ·3.原因状语从句 -常用引导词及用法： -口because(因为，回答why提问，语气最强)→例句：He didn't go to school because he was ill. -口since(既然，强调已知前提，主从句可互换)→例句：Since everyone is here,let's start the meeting.. -口as(由于，语气较弱，多置于句首)→例句：As it was getting dark,we decided to go home. ·4.让步状语从句 -常用引导词及用法： -口although/though(虽然，不能与but连用)→例句：Although he is young,he knows a lot.. -口even if/though(即使，引导假设性让步)→例句：Even if it snows,we will go hiking. -口no matter+疑问词（无论，=疑问词+ever)→例句：No matter what happens,I will support you. 语法复习|英语引沪教版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（沪教版） 考法一：完全倒装句判断与运用 ·核心：根据句首是否为方位/时间副词或介词短语，且主语是否为名词，判断是否使用完全倒装结构（谓 语动词置于主语之前) ·真题1（语法填空）： -In the middle of the square_(stand)a monument built in memory of the heroes. -答案：stands解析：句首为介词短语"In the middle of the square”,主语”a monument'”为名词，符合 完全倒装条件，谓语动词stand置于主语前，主语为三单，谓语用stands。 ·真题2（单项选择）： -_the teacher comes,we will stand up. A.Here B.There C.Now D.When -答案：D解析：选项A、B、C均为可引导完全倒装的副词，但句中"the teacher comesi”为主谓结构完 整的从句，需用连词When引导时间状语从句；若用Here/There/Now,主句应为主谓倒装结构（如 Here comes the teacher),与题干不符，故选D。 考法二：倒装句与状语从句融合考查 ·核心：在包含状语从句的复合句中，当否定副词、”oly+状语从句”等置于句首时，主句需用部分倒装结 构 ·真题1（语法填空）： -Only when he finished his homework_(he go)out to play yesterday. -答案：did he go解析：”only+when引导的时间状语从句”置于句首时，主句需部分倒装；由时间标志 词"yesterday'”可知用一般过去时，助动词did提前，主语he后接动词原形go。 ·真题2（单项选择）： -Hardly_the classroom when the bell rang. A.he entered B.entered he C.had he entered D.he had entered 一答案：C解析：否定副词Hady置于句首时，主句需部分倒装；”进入教室”发生在”铃响”之前，用 过去完成时，助动词had提前，后接主语he和过去分词entered.。 考法三：倒装句、强调句与状语从句的综合应用 ·核心：结合状语从句引导词的用法，判断是否需要使用倒装结构或强调句式，同时区分真实条件与虚拟 语气中的状语从句用法 ·真题1（单项选择）： -Not until he failed the exam_he realize how important it was to listen to the teacher carefully in class. A.does B.did C.was D.is -答案：B解析：否定副词短语"Not until+时间状语从句”置于句首时，主句需部分倒装（助动词提前）；由 从句"failed"”可知时态为一般过去时，助动词用did,还原陈述句为"He didn't realize..until he failed..”。 ·真题2（语法填空）： It was _she was caught in a traffic jam that she arrived late for the interview.(because/as/since) -答案：because解析：此处为强调句结构”It was+被强调部分+that.”,被强调部分是原因状语从句； 强调原因时只能用because引导从句，as/since不能用于强调句中表原因。 语法复习|英语沪数版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（沪教版） 解题小妙招 倒装判断妙招 完全倒装看句首，方位时间介词短语；主语必须是名词，谓语提前要牢记；Here/There/Now副词也可引， 主谓倒装莫忘记。 部分倒装需留意，否定副词放句首；Only+状从在开头，主句倒装是规矩；Hardly/Not until也一样，助动 词提前别犹豫。 时态匹配很重要，真题当中看标志；过去时态用did,完成时态had提前；一般现在does来，主谓一致 要谨记。 综合应用需谨慎，强调倒装莫混淆；Not until结构中，主句倒装从句不倒；强调原因用because,as/since 不可替换掉。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.Rarely_such a moving story as the one he told us yesterday. A.I have heard B.have l heard C.I heard D.did I heard 2.It was_he practiced every day that he won the piano competition. A.because B.since C.as D.for 3.Not until the rain stopped-home. A.we went B.went we C.did we go D.we did go 4.While_to music,she fell asleep on the sofa. A.listening B.listened C.to listen D.she listening 5.If Iyou,I would take the advice from your parents. A.am B.were C.was D.be 6.Only by reading widely_improve your English vocabulary. A.you can B.can you C.you will D.will you 7.Hardly the station when the train left. A.had he reached B.he had reached C.reached he D.he reached 8.The teacher insisted that we_the report before Friday. A.finish B.finished C.would finish D.had finished 9.I was walking in the park,I met an old friend of mine. A.When B.While C.As D.Until 10.It is in this small village-he spent his childhood. A.where B.that C.which D.when 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.Here_(come)the bus!Let's hurry. 2.Only after he apologized(I forgive)him. 3.She doesn't like coffee,and _(neither/nor)do l. 4.If I_(know)the truth,I would have told you earlier. 5.Not until she called me_(I realize)I had forgotten her birthday. 6.It was Tom_(help)me with my homework yesterday. 7.While my mother_(cook),I was cleaning the room. 8.The doctor suggested that he_(take)more exercise. 9.Seldom_(she go)to the cinema on weekends. 10.As soon as I(arrive)in Beijing,I will call you. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Last Sunday,I planned to visit the museum with my friends.However,something unexpected happened. 1.-I was about to leave,my little sister suddenly fell ill.I had to stay at home to take care of her.My friends called me and asked why I didn't come.I explained the situation,and they all said they understood. 2.Only when my sister felt better_(I start)to do my own things.I thought about the museum trip and felt a little disappointed. 3.(be)it not for my sister's illness,I would have had a great time with my friends. In the evening,my father came back from work.He noticed I was upset and asked what was wrong.I told him about the museum trip.He smiled and said,"Don't worry.We can go next weekend." 4.It was then_I realized family is more important than anything else. The next day,my friends visited me and brought me some photos of the museum.They even told me stories about the exhibits. 5.Hardly(I see)the photos when I felt happy again. 6.(listen)to their stories,I felt as if I had visited the museum myself. 7.If you_(be)in my situation,what would you do?I think most people would choose to take care of their family first. 8.As long as we_(keep)a positive attitude,every problem will be solved. 9.Never_I felt so warm and loved as at that moment. 10.-(final),I learned that true friendship and family love are the most precious things in life. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.A3.C4.A5.B6.B7.A8.A9.B10.B 演练二：填空试题 1.comes 2.did I forgive 3.nor 4.had known 5.did I realize 6.who/that helped 7.was cooking 8.(should)take 9.does she go 10.arrive 演练三：语法填空 1.When 2.did I start 3.Were 4.that 5.had I seen 6.Listening 7.were 8.keep 9.have 10.Finally 语法复习|英语|沪教版