状语从句系统复习-备战2026届高考英语一轮复习语法全解（外研版）

ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（外研版） Chapter1状语从句系统复习 考频分析 状语从句是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的5%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题型：单项选择 (1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（辅助理解长难句，间接影响答题效率）。在 语境逻辑类题目中，状语从句的连接词选择及主从句时态呼应往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对状语从句系统的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖连接词辨析与语境应用： ·连接词分类应用：时间状语从句(when,while,as,since等)、条件状语从句(if,unless,as long as等)、 原因状语从句(because,as,since等)、让步状语从句(though,although,even if等)、目的状语从句 (so that,,in order that等)、结果状语从句(so.that,such.that.等)、方式状语从句(as,asif等) 比较状语从句(than,as..as..等)的连接词辨析与功能； ·时态与语序：主从句时态呼应（如主将从现），陈述句语序在从句中的应用； ·语境应用与转换：根据上下文选择合适的连接词，状语从句与其他句型的转换（如简单句、非谓语动词 结构)。 精讲精练 知识点一：状语从句系统复习 ·1.时间状语从句（表示动作发生的时间）》 -常见引导词：when(当…时)、while(当…时，主句与从句动作同时进行，从句多用进行时)、as(一 边…一边…/当…时)、before(在…之前)、after(在…之后)、until/till(直到…)、since(自从…)、人as soon as(-…就…) -例句：口I was reading a book when the phone rang.(when引导，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去 进行时)口While she was cooking,I was cleaning the room.(while Sl导，主从句均为过去进行时) 口He has lived here since he was born.(since引导，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时) ·2.条件状语从句（表示主句动作发生的条件） -常见引导词：if(如果)、unless(除非，如果不，=if..not)、as long as(只要)、on condition that(条 件是) 一时态特点：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来(“主将从现”) -例句：口If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home.(if引导，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时)口 You will fail the exam unless you study hard.(unless,=if you don't study hard) ·3.原因状语从句（表示主句动作发生的原因） -常见引导词：because(因为，语气最强，回答why提问)、since(既然，表已知的、显而易见的原 因，通常放句首)、as(由于，语气比because弱，多放句首)、now that(既然，=since) -例句：He didn't go to school because he was ill..(because引导，回答why提问：Nhy didn'the go to school?)☐Since everyone is here,let's begin the meeting.(since引导，放句首，表已知原因) ·4.让步状语从句（表示与主句内容相反的让步或转折） -常见引导词：though/although(虽然，尽管，不能与but连用，但可与yet/still连用)、even if/even though(即使，纵然)、no matter+疑问词（无论'，如no matter what/when/where/who/how)、疑 问词+ever(无论·，如whatever/whenever/wherever/whoever/however) -例句：口Though he is young,.he knows a lot.(though l导，不能与but连用，可加yet:Though he is young,yet he knows a lot.)No matter how hard it is,we will never give up.(no matter how sl 导，=However hard it is) ·5.目的状语从句（表示主句动作发生的目的） -常见引导词：so that(为了，以便，从句常含can/could/may/might/will/would等情态动词)、in order that(为了，与so that用法相似，可放句首) -例句：口He studies hard so that he can pass the exam.(so that引导，从句含情态动词can)口ln order that we could arrive on time,we started early.(in order that导，从句含情态动词could) ·6.结果状语从句（表示主句动作产生的结果） 一常见引导词：so...that.…(如此…以至于…，so后接形容词/副词)、such…that…(如此…以至于…， such后接名词短语) -结构：so+adj./adv.+that从句；such+(a/an)+adj.+n.+that从句 -例句：☐He is so tall that he can touch the top of the door..(so+adj.+that从句)☐She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her.(such a/an adj.+n.that) ·7.方式状语从句（表示主句动作发生的方式） -常见引导词：as(按照，像一样)、asif/as though(好像，仿佛，从句常用虚拟语气表示与事实不 符的情况) -例句：口Do as I told you.(asl导，“按照我告诉你的做”)☐He talks as if he knew everything.(as f引导，从句用过去时表示与现在事实不符的虚拟) ·8.地点状语从句（表示主句动作发生的地点） -常见引导词：where(在哪里)、wherever(无论哪里) -例句：口You can put the book where you like.(where引导，“你可以把书放在你喜欢的地方”)口 Wherever he goes,he always takes a book with him.(wherever引导，“无论他去哪里，总是随身带 本书”) ·9.比较状语从句（表示两者之间的比较） -常见引导词及结构：asas…(和一样…，用于肯定句)、not as/s0as…(不如…，用于否定句)、 than(比，用于比较级) -例句：口This room is as big as that one.(asas…结构，“这个房间和那个一样大”)口He runs faster than his brother.(than引导，形容词比较级faster) 【即学即练】 1.【时间状语从句】 she was cooking,I was cleaning the room. A.When B.While C.As D.Since 2.【条件状语从句】You will fail the exam__you study hard. A.if B.unless C.since D.though 3.【结果状语从句】Heis_tall__he can touch the top of the door.. A.so;that B.such;that C.as;as D.too;to 4.【让步状语从句】 he is young,he knows a lot. A.Because B.If C.Though D.As 5.【目的状语从句】He studies hard_he can pass the exam. A.so that B.because C.though D,if 语法复习|英语引外研版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（外研版） 知识点二：非谓语动词用法详解 ·1.动词不定式(todo形式，表目的、将来、未完成) -口基本功能及搭配 *作主语：To learn English well is important..(学好英语很重要)；常用it作形式主语：It is important to learn English well. *作宾语：接不定式作宾语的动词：want(想要)、hope(希望)、decide(决定)、plan(计划)、refuse (拒绝) *作宾补：接不定式作宾补的动词：ask(要求)、tell(告诉)、want(想要)、teach(教)、allow(允 许)；省略to的情况：使役动词make/let/have(让)、感官动词see/watch/hear/feel(看听l感觉) 主动语态中省略to,被动语态需还原to -口例句 *口She wants to go shopping this weekend.(作宾语，want to do sth) *口My mother told me to finish homework first..(作宾补，tell sb to do sth) *☐He was made to work12 hours a day.(被动语态还原to,be made to do sth) ·2.动名词(doing形式，表主动、进行、抽象概念) 一口基本功能及搭配 *作主语：Swimming is good exercise.(游泳是好运动)；常用it作形式主语：It is no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收) *作宾语：接动名词作宾语的动词：enjoy(喜欢)、finish(完成)、avoid(避免)、mind(介意)、practise (练习)；介词后接动名词：be good at(擅长)、be interested in(对…感兴趣)、give up(放弃)、 think about(考虑) -口例句 *口He enjoys playing basketball after school.(作宾语，enjoy doing sth) *口She is good at singing English songs.(介词at后接doing,singing) *口It is a waste of time talking with him.(it作形式主语，真正主语talking) ·3.分词（现在分词doing/过去分词done,表主动/被动、进行完成） -口现在分词(doing):主动关系、动作进行；过去分词(done):被动关系、动作完成 *作定语：a running boy(正在跑的男孩，主动进行)；a broken cup(破碎的杯子，被动完成) *作状语：Walking in the park,I met an old friend.(散步时遇到朋友，主动关系，现在分词作伴随状 语)；Seen from the hill,the city looks beautiful..(从山上看城市很美，被动关系，过去分词作条件 状语) *作宾补：I heard her singing in the room.(听到她正在唱歌，主动进行，现在分词作宾补)；I found the door locked.(发现门被锁了，被动完成，过去分词作宾补) -0例句 *口The girl reading a book is my sister.(现在分词作定语，主动进行) *口Encouraged by her teacher,she worked harder.(过去分词作原因状语，被动关系) *口Ve saw the children playing happily in the garden.(现在分词作宾补，主动进行) *口He had his hair cut yesterday..(过去分词作宾补，被动关系，have sth done结构) 知识点三：状语从句与非谓语动词对比及转换 ·1.时间状语从句与非谓语动词转换（高频考点） -口when/while引导的时间状语从句（主从句主语一致，从句含be动词）→可转换为现在分词/过去分 词短语 *●主动关系（从句谓语为主动语态）→现在分词doing *原句：While she was walking in the park,she met an old friend. *转换：Valking in the park,she met an old friend.(walking表主动，与主句主语she构成逻辑主谓 关系) *·被动关系（从句谓语为被动语态）→过去分词done *原句：When the book was published,it became popular immediately. *转换：Published,the book became popular immediately.(published表被动，与主句主语the book 构成逻辑动宾关系) -口as soon as引导的时间状语从句→可转换为不定式todo(表“一…就.”的将来动作) *原句：As soon as he arrives,he will call you. *转换：He will call you to arrive.(不定式to arrive表将来动作，逻辑上“一到达就打电话”) ·2.条件状语从句与非谓语动词转换（语法填空常考） -if/unless引导的条件状语从句（主从句主语一致）→可转换为现在分词/过去分词短语 *●主动条件（从句谓语主动）→现在分词doing *原句：If you work hard,you will succeed *转换：orking hard,.you will succeed.(working hard表主动条件，逻辑上“如果你努力工作”) *●被动条件（从句谓语被动）→过去分词done *原句：Unless it is invited,he won't come to the party. *转换：Unless invited,he won't come to the party..(invited表被动条件，逻辑上“除非被邀请”) ·3.目的状语从句与非谓语动词转换（写作优化技巧） -so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句→可转换为不定式todo(表目的，更简洁) *原句：He studies hard so that he can pass the exam. *转换：He studies hard to pass the exam.(不定式to pass the exam直接表目的，替换so that从 句) *原句：Ve started early in order that we could catch the first bus. *转换：We started early to catch the first bus.(不定式to catch表目的，逻辑上“为了赶上早班车") ·4.让步状语从句与非谓语动词转换（长难句简化） -though/although引导的让步状语从句（主从句主语一致），可转换为现在分词/过去分词短语（保留 though/although更严谨，省略时注意逻辑关系) *·主动让步（从句谓语主动）→现在分词doing *原句：Though he is young,he knows a lot. *转换：Though being young,he knows a lot..(being young表主动让步，逻辑上“尽管他年轻”) *·被动让步（从句谓语被动）→过去分词done *原句：Although it was built in1990,the building looks new, *转换：Although built in1990,the building looks new.(buit表被动让步，逻辑上“尽管建于1990 年”) ·5.比较状语从句与非谓语动词转换（易错点区分）》 -than引导的比较状语从句（比较对象一致，从句含动词时）→可转换为“than+动名词”（避免重复） *原句：She likes reading more than she likes writing. *转换：She likes reading more than writing.(动名词writing替代从句she likes writing,避免重复动 词likes) ·6.典型错题对比（语法填空短文改错高频错误） -口错误：While I was watching TV,my mother came in.→未转换 -正确转换：Watching TV,my mother came in.(x,逻辑主语不一致！主句主语my mother与watching TV逻辑上“我看电视时妈妈进来”，主语不一致不可转换，需保留从句) -☐正t确：If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home.→转换：Raining tomorrow,we will stay at home. (N,主句主语we与raining逻辑上“如果明天下雨，我们会待在家里”，主语一致可转换) -☐错误：He ran fast so that he could catch the bus.→转换：He ran fast catching the bus.(×,表 目的应用不定式to catch,而非现在分词catching;正确：He ran fast to catch the bus.) 语法复习|英语|外研版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（外研版） 考法一：状语从句引导词辨析 ·核心：根据主从句逻辑关系及语境，选择正确的状语从句引导词 ·真题1（语法填空）： --she was cooking,I was cleaning the room. -答案：While解析：从句”she was cooking'”和主句”I was cleaning the room”均为过去进行时，强调动 作同时进行，应用while引导时间状语从句。 ·真题2（完形填空）： -You will fail the exam-you study hard. A.if B.unless C.since D.though -答案：B解析：句意为”除非你努力学习，否则考试会不及格”，”unless”表示”除非，如果不”，符合逻 辑；if表条件（如果），since表原因（既然），though表让步（虽然），均不符合语境。 考法二：状语从句与非谓语动词转换 ·核心：根据主从句逻辑关系及主语一致性，将状语从句转换为正确的非谓语动词形式（现在分词、过去 分词或不定式) ·真题1（语法填空）： --(walk)in the park,she met an old friend. -答案：Walking解析：原句可还原为hile she was walking in the park,主从句主语一致且从句为主 动语态，故转换为现在分词Walking作状语，表主动进行。 ·真题2（单选题）： -He studies hard-pass the exam. A.so that B.in order that C.to D.such that -答案：C解析：原句表目的，so that/.in order that后需接从句，此处需用不定式to表目的，与“so that he can pass the exam”转换等价，故选C。 ·真题3（短文改错）： -If you work hard,you will succeed. -改为：hard,you will succeed. -答案：NVorking解析：if引导的条件状语从句主从句主语一致，从句为主动语态，可转换为现在分词 Vorking作状语，表主动条件。 考法三：状语从句与非谓语动词的综合转换及应用 ·核心：结合语境判断状语从句类型，掌握主从句主语一致时向非谓语动词（现在分词过去分词/不定式） 的转换规则，区分主动/被动逻辑关系及不同状语类型对应的非谓语形式（如目的用不定式、时间/条件用 分词)。 ·真题1（单项选择）： -_the homework,he went out to play basketball with his friends. A.Finishing B.Finished C.To finish D.Having finished -答案：D解析：此处为时间状语从句转换，原句可还原为“After he had finished the homework..”c 主从句主语一致(h),从句动作“完成作业”发生在主句动作“出去玩”之前，表主动完成关系，需 用现在分词的完成式“Having finished”。A项“Finishing”表同时进行，B项“Finished”表被动，C 项“To finish”表目的，均不符合语境逻辑。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -The teacher told us-(read)the text carefully before answering the questions,_(hope)we could understand the main idea better. -答案：to read hoping解析：第一空为宾语补足语，“tell sb to do sth”是固定搭配，需用不定式“to read”;第二空为伴随状语，逻辑主语“the teacher'”与hope”是主动关系，且“希望”与“告诉” 同时发生，需用现在分词“hoping”,此处相当于省略了“who hoped”的定语从句，体现目的状语从 句“so that we could..”向非谓语的转换。 语法复习|英语|外研版 ENGLISH-语法复习系列资料（外研版） 解题小妙招 ·状语从句引导词妙招 -逻辑关系是核心，主从语境细分析； -时间同时用while,.条件“除非”选unless; -目的状语看搭配，so that接从句，to不定式更简洁。 ·状语从句非谓转换妙招 一主从主语若一致，非谓形式来替换； 一主动进行用现分，被动完成用过分； 一目的状语不定式，时间条件看分词； -动作先后要注意，完成形式having done。. 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题）》 1.We will go for a picnic tomorrow _it rains. A.if B.unless C.since D.though 2.-he is very busy,he always finds time to exercise. A.Because B.If C.Though D.As soon as 3.She studies hard_get into a good university. A.so that B.in order that C.to D.such that 4._in the street,I met an old classmate yesterday. A.Walk B.Walking C.Walked D.To walk 5.You won't improve your English_you practice speaking every day. A.if B.unless C.when D.since 6.He ran as fast as he could _catch the last bus. A.so that B.in order to C.such that D.as if 7.the project,they worked day and night for a month. A.Finish B.Finishing C.To finish D.Finished 8.by the teacher,he decided to study harder. A.Encouraging B.Encouraged C.To encourage D.Encourage 9.This story is__interesting_that one A.as;as B.so;as C.more;than D.such;that 10.she was tired,she kept working until midnight. A.Because B.If C.Though D.Since