精品解析：江西省宜春市上高二中2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

上高二中2027届高二年级英语阶段性练习三 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What are the speakers talking about? A. Writing. B. Art. C. Career. 2. What happened to the woman? A. She made a mistake. B. She forgot the number. C. She misunderstood the man. 3.Where are the speakers? A. In a library. B. In a bank. C. In a restaurant. 4. What does the man think of some of the exam questions? A. Difficult. B. Inspiring. C. Time-consuming. 5. Why does the man fail to attend the online class? A. He can’t get on the Internet. B. He is not good at taking notes. C. He is busy caring for his grandparents. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 6. Why does the woman want to change her room? A. The window is broken. B. The neighbour is too noisy. C. She can’t have a sound sleep. 7. When will the tour company leave? A. Today. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Tomorrow evening. 8. What are the speakers probably doing? A. Watching Kung Fu. B. Doing Tai Chi. C. Walking in a park. 9. What is required about using the basketball court? A. Advance booking. B. Deep cleaning. C. Quiet playing. 10. How long does the court keep open? A. 8 hours. B. 14 hours. C. 15 hours. 11. What can be inferred from the man’s response? A. He wants to motivate the woman. B. He has had a similar experience. C. He understands the woman’s mom. 12. What will the woman do tonight? A. Write a letter. B. Talk to her mom. C. Do homework with the man. 13. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Friends. C. Teacher and student. 14. Why does the woman go to the gym? A. To lose weight. B. To improve her health. C. To build up her muscle. 15. When will the woman probably go to the gym? A. On Tuesdays. B. On Wednesdays. C. On Fridays. 16. How does the woman feel after knowing the test before the first class? A. Worried. B. Confused. C. Relieved. 17. What will the woman do next? A. Start working out. B. Finish a form. C. Have a free meal. 18. What is the best way to explore the park? A. Hiking. B. Bicycling. C. Skiing. 19. What is special about wildlife in the park? A. Its number is very large. B. It includes many rare birds. C. Lions can be seen all year round. 20. Why does the speaker give the speech? A. To explain a concept. B. To introduce a place. C. To issue an announcement. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A NIH Summer Internship (实习生) Program in Biomedical Research (SIP) This program is to provide a developmental training experience for promising high school students who have expressed a strong interest in or are studying disciplines related to biomedical sciences. Applicants must be: * 17 years of age or older * high school seniors at the time of application * able to pass the Federal background check * within 40 miles of the NIH campus on which they will intern if they are 17 years of age (this requirement does not apply to applicants who are 18 and older) * having American citizenship or permanent residency For minors under 18 years of age, if required by state or local government law, work permits must be obtained. A written agreement of a parent or guardian is also required. Complete your application You must use the NIH Application Center to apply for this program: 1. After you complete the required sections of your profile, you will be asked to select a preferred program. Choose “Summer internships for high school students”. 2. You must select “Apply” next to “High School Summer Internship Program” for your application to be considered for this program. 3. To complete your application, import any relevant information from your profile. You must also submit: * Coursework & Exams — a list of coursework and grades * CV/Resume (简历) — a list of your education, experience, and other relevant history * Letter/Statement — a cover letter broadly describing your prior research experience, your current interests and career goals * References — letters containing the names and contact information of two referees 1. What is the purpose of the program? A. To provide training chances. B. To offer teenagers job positions. C. To inspire students’ interest in science. D. To select promising high school students. 2. What is a requirement to participates in the program? A. Having intern experience. B. Majoring in biomedical science. C. Living on or near the NIH campus. D. Being U.S. citizens or permanent residents. 3. What must be included in the submission? A. Application fee. B. Reference books. C. Personal photos. D. Recommendation letters. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个高中生的暑期培训项目，包括对参加者的要求以及申请时需提交的相关材料等内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“This program is to provide a developmental training experience for promising high school students who have expressed a strong interest in or are studying disciplines related to biomedical sciences.(该计划旨在为那些对生物医学科学有浓厚兴趣或正在学习相关学科的有前途的高中生提供发展培训经验)”可知，该项目的目的是为学生提供培训机会。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Applicants must be部分中“* having American citizenship or permanent residency(拥有美国公民身份或永久居留权)”可知，申请者需是美国公民或永久居民。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Complete your application部分中“* References—letters containing the names and contact information of two referees(*推荐信——包含两位推荐人的姓名和联系信息的信件)”可知，提交的材料中必须包括两名推荐人的推荐信。故选D。 B Chenoa Tremblay is a radio astronomer who uses radio telescopes (望远镜) and a specific analytical technique to study molecules (分子) in the gas layers (层) around stars. By analyzing these molecules’ unique frequency signals, she identifies signs related to life — such as water— that are potential signs of life beyond Earth. Additionally, she uses computers and advanced mathematics to turn these signals into images, enabling the study of the universe in ways that human eyes can’t. Tremblay grew up in a small town in New Hampshire. There wasn’t a lot of expectation of girls doing much outside of home. But she was a naturally very curious child. Throughout high school, learning was hard for her most of the time. But math was always fairly easy, and she enjoyed chemistry. Tremblay decided to study business and accounting in college. It seemed logical, but she really wasn’t sure what she’d do with it. Her roommate was studying chemistry, and she found herself helping her with her homework. Her friends finally convinced her to study chemistry instead. Tremblay started volunteering for university projects to learn from teachers. That helped her figure out how to become a radio astronomer. In 2016, she got into a doctoral program for physics and astronomy in Australia. During her program, Tremblay and her team were using a brand-new radio telescope in Western Australia. In high school and her first years in college, she really struggled with physics. So it’s really funny that she ended up with a Ph.D. in the subject. At some point in the learning process, things just started to click. “The career you decide on now doesn’t have to be what you do later. You can change your mind and switch paths.” Tremblay said in a speech for young students. “You can explore what you find interesting about the world.” 4. What can we learn from the first paragraph? A. Tremblay is good at designing telescopes. B. Tremblay finds it possible to live beyond earth. C. Tremblay’s work is about the study of the universe. D. Tremblay’s study has gained widespread recognition. 5. What directly led Tremblay to change her university major? A. The appeal of chemistry. B. The push from her friends. C. The advice from her parents. D. The doubt about her future job. 6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. A new radio telescope. B. Tremblay and her team. C. University volunteer work. D. Tremblay’s Ph.D. journey. 7. What can we learn from Tremblay’s experience? A. Nothing is impossible. B. Creativity is important. C. Practical experience helps. D. Career paths can be adjusted. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了无线电天文学家Chenoa Tremblay的成长与职业转变，她从商业会计到化学，再到成为研究宇宙的博士，最终选择自己感兴趣的无线电天文学，并鼓励年轻人探索兴趣，调整职业道路。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Chenoa Tremblay is a radio astronomer who uses radio telescopes (望远镜) and a specific analytical technique to study molecules (分子) in the gas layers (层) around stars. By analyzing these molecules’ unique frequency signals, she identifies signs related to life — such as water— that are potential signs of life beyond Earth. Additionally, she uses computers and advanced mathematics to turn these signals into images, enabling the study of the universe in ways that human eyes can’t.(Chenoa Tremblay是一名射电天文学家，她使用射电望远镜和一种特定的分析技术来研究恒星周围气体层中的分子。通过分析这些分子的独特频率信号，她识别出与生命有关的迹象，比如水，这些可能是地球以外生命的潜在迹象。此外，她还使用计算机和高等数学将这些信号转化为图像，使人类能够以肉眼无法看到的方式研究宇宙)”可知，第一段主要介绍了Chenoa Tremblay的工作内容，即研究宇宙。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Tremblay decided to study business and accounting in college. It seemed logical, but she really wasn’t sure what she’d do with it. Her roommate was studying chemistry, and she found herself helping her with her homework. Her friends finally convinced her to study chemistry instead.(Tremblay决定在大学学习商业和会计。这似乎很合逻辑，但她真的不确定自己会用它做什么。她的室友正在学习化学，她发现自己帮她做作业。她的朋友们最终说服她改学化学)”可知，Tremblay原本打算学习商业和会计，但在朋友的劝说下，最终决定改学化学。故选B。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Tremblay started volunteering for university projects to learn from teachers. That helped her figure out how to become a radio astronomer. In 2016, she got into a doctoral program for physics and astronomy in Australia. During her program, Tremblay and her team were using a brand-new radio telescope in Western Australia. In high school and her first years in college, she really struggled with physics. So it’s really funny that she ended up with a Ph.D. in the subject. At some point in the learning process, things just started to click.(Tremblay开始志愿参加大学项目，向老师学习。这帮助她弄清楚如何成为一名射电天文学家。2016年，她进入了澳大利亚的一个物理和天文学博士项目。在她的项目中，Tremblay和她的团队正在使用西澳大利亚的一台全新的射电望远镜。在高中和大学的第一年，她在物理方面真的很挣扎。所以她最终获得这个学科的博士学位真的很有趣。在学习过程的某个时刻，事情突然就变得顺利了)”可知，第四段主要讲述了Tremblay如何通过志愿参加大学项目、进入博士项目以及在学习过程中的努力，最终获得了物理学博士学位的旅程。因此，选项D“Tremblay’s Ph.D. journey. (Tremblay的博士之旅)”符合题意。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““The career you decide on now doesn’t have to be what you do later. You can change your mind and switch paths.” Tremblay said in a speech for young students. “You can explore what you find interesting about the world.”(“你现在决定的职业不一定是你以后要做的。你可以改变主意，改变道路。”Tremblay在给年轻学生的演讲中说。“你可以探索你对世界感兴趣的东西。”)”可知，Tremblay通过自己的经历告诉年轻学生，职业道路是可以调整的，人们可以探索自己感兴趣的东西并改变自己的职业方向。因此，选项D“Career paths can be adjusted. (职业道路是可以调整的)”符合题意。故选D。 C Soil as an Antidepressant: Fact or Fiction? Many gardening claims spread online, but one has become particularly popular: “Soil is an antidepressant.” According to this idea, supported through countless social media posts, Mycobacterium vaccae — a microbe (微生物) naturally found in soil — can actually boost your mood. All you apparently have to do to experience this benefit is get your hands in contact with earth. The bacteria are said to be absorbed through your skin or breathed in from the air, and they will quickly get to work transforming your brain chemistry for the better. But is all this a bit too good to be true? Although the claim may initially seem a little outlandish, there have actually been a range of studies investigating the effect of this microbe on a variety of conditions, from eczema to cancer. In fact, Mycobacterium vaccae was first extracted in soil samples from Uganda by scientists in order to find a harmless close cousin of the deadly Mycobacterium tuberculosis that could be used as a form of immunotherapy (免疫疗法). Scientists became more interested in its possible effects on depression when lung cancer patients receiving the bacteria reported feeling better overall. Several careful studies appeared to confirm these mood-improving effects, leading to widespread sharing of this information online. However, there’s an important limitation: all the studies specifically testing the depression theory were done on mice, not humans. In these experiments, researchers either injected (注射) the bacteria into the mice’s blood or added it to their food. This matters because results from animal studies often don’t work the same way in humans. For example, one analysis of 76 animal studies found that only 37% produced similar results when tried with people. Additionally, all the mice in these studies were males of the same special breed. The bacteria weren’t breathed in or absorbed through the skin — they were given in pure form directly into the body. As someone interested in how nature affects mental health I’m excited to see what future research reveals. However, despite the confident claims online, we can only say that “soil is an antidepressant” if you’re a specific type of male mouse that has been injected with pure bacteria from soil — and since you’re reading this, I assume you’re not. 8. What does the underlined word “outlandish” most probably mean in paragraph 2? A. Popular and widely accepted. B. Strange and difficult to believe. C. Scientific and well-researched. D. Boring and complex to understand. 9. What was the original purpose of extracting Mycobacterium vaccae? A. To find a cure for depression B. To treat lung cancer patients. C. To develop a brand new gardening product. D. To create immunotherapy from a harmless bacterium. 10. What is the key limitation of the studies mentioned? A. They only involved human participants. B. They were conducted only on specific mice. C. They didn’t use purified forms of bacteria. D. They focused only on skin absorption. 11. What is the author’s attitude toward the “soil is an antidepressant” claim? A. Cautious. B. Disapproving. C. Supportive. D. Uninterested. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨“土壤是抗抑郁药”这一说法的真实性，分析相关微生物研究的情况及局限性。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Although the claim may initially seem a little outlandish, there have actually been a range of studies investigating the effect of this microbe on a variety of conditions, from eczema to cancer.(尽管这种说法起初可能看起来有些outlandish，但实际上已经有一系列研究调查了这种微生物对从湿疹到癌症等多种疾病的影响。)”可知，前后句为转折关系，后半句提及有相关研究支撑，前半句应体现该说法看似不合理，因此猜测outlandish 意为 “奇怪且难以令人相信的”。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mycobacterium vaccae was first extracted in soil samples from Uganda by scientists in order to find a harmless close cousin of the deadly Mycobacterium tuberculosis that could be used as a form of immunotherapy (免疫疗法).(科学家首次从乌干达的土壤样本中提取出母牛分枝杆菌，目的是寻找致命结核分枝杆菌的一种无害近亲，将其用作免疫疗法。)”可知，提取该微生物的最初目的是利用无害细菌研发免疫疗法。故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, there’s an important limitation: all the studies specifically testing the depression theory were done on mice, not humans.(然而，有一个重要的限制：所有专门测试抑郁症理论的研究都是在老鼠身上进行的，而不是在人类身上。)”以及“Additionally, all the mice in these studies were males of the same special breed.(此外，这些研究中的所有老鼠都是同一特殊品种的雄性。)”可知，这些研究的关键局限性是仅在特定的老鼠身上进行。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As someone interested in how nature affects mental health, I’m excited to see what future research reveals. However, despite the confident claims online, we can only say that “soil is an antidepressant” if you’re a specific type of male mouse that has been injected with pure bacteria from soil.(作为一个对自然如何影响心理健康感兴趣的人，我很期待未来的研究能揭示什么。然而，尽管网上的说法言之凿凿，但我们只能说，只有当你是一种特定类型的、注射了土壤纯细菌的雄性老鼠时，“土壤是抗抑郁药”才成立。)”可知，作者既期待后续研究，又明确指出当前说法的局限性，态度较为谨慎。故选A项。 D A doctor in Florida successfully operated on a patient 7,000 miles away in Africa, using a remote-controlled robot to perform the surgery. Fernando Da Silva, who lives in Angola, needed surgery to treat cancer. In a robotic surgical procedure, the surgeon does not touch the patient. Instead, the doctor moves their hands to control smaller robotic hands that hold surgical instruments. When the doctor moves their hands around, the robotic hands move in the same way. Da Silva’s procedure, called “transcontinental robotic telesurgery”, was performed by Dr. Vipul Patel from Florida. He sat at a robotic console (控制台) equipped with a 3D screen and highly responsive hand controls. His movements were transmitted through fiber-optic (光纤) cables that run under the ocean to robotic arms in the operating room in Angola. Fiber-optic technology transmits data faster and farther than other communication methods. Patel has performed nearly 20,000 robotic surgeries. He said that despite the distance, there was no noticeable delay between his movements and the response of the robotic arms. The entire process took about one hour and 20 minutes. Although Patel was in the US, his medical team was in the operating room in Angola with Da Silva. “I always have my team where the patient is,” Patel said. “So, in case something happened with the telecommunications, the team would just take over and finish the operation.” The team did not need to intervene, however, as Da Silva’s surgery was a success. The procedure was part of a clinical trial approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the government agency that promotes and protects public health. Patel said he plans to perform more surgeries like this one and present the results to the FDA for review. Patel said he believes robotic technology will allow doctors to perform surgery around the world and help people in rural or less wealthy areas, where access to medical care is limited. He hopes it can also be used to help people who are experiencing medical emergencies, like heart attacks and strokes. 12 What can be inferred about the role of fiber-optic technology in the surgery? A. It ensures real-time communication. B. It reduces the cost of the operation. C. It replaces the need for a medical team. D. It spares the trouble of training a surgeon. 13. Why did Dr. Patel have a medical team present in the operating room in Angola? A. To assist with the robotic equipment setup. B. To ensure the complete success of the operation. C. To train local doctors in robotic techniques. D. To meet the regulations of FDA for a surgery. 14. What is Dr. Patel’s attitude toward the future of robotic telesurgery? A. Doubtful about its practicality. B. Concerned about its high cost. C. Optimistic about its potential benefits. D. Critical of its technological limitations. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The Challenges of Remote Surgery B. The History of Robotic Surgical Procedures C. How Fiber-Optic Technology Changed Medicine D. A Breakthrough in Long-Distance Robotic Surgery 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了佛罗里达州医生利用远程机器人成功为非洲患者手术的创举。该手术通过海底光纤连接，实现实时操控，无需医生亲临。医生团队在非洲确保手术安全，并计划推广此技术以惠及偏远地区患者。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Fiber-optic technology transmits data faster and farther than other communication methods. Patel has performed nearly 20,000 robotic surgeries. He said that despite the distance, there was no noticeable delay between his movements and the response of the robotic arms.(光纤技术比其他通信方法传输数据更快、更远。帕特尔已经进行了近2万次机器人手术。他说，尽管距离遥远，但他的动作和机械臂的反应之间没有明显的延迟。)”可知，光纤技术确保了手术中的实时通信，使得医生在远程操作时能够几乎无延迟地控制机械臂。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Although Patel was in the US, his medical team was in the operating room in Angola with Da Silva. ‘I always have my team where the patient is,’ Patel said. ‘So, in case something happened with the telecommunications, the team would just take over and finish the operation.’(尽管帕特尔在美国，但他的医疗团队和达席尔瓦在安哥拉的手术室里。帕特尔说：“我总是让我的团队在病人身边。”“所以，如果电信出了问题，团队就会接手并完成手术。”)”可知，帕特尔医生在安哥拉的手术室里有医疗团队在场是为了确保手术的万无一失，以防远程通信出现问题时能够及时接手并完成手术。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Patel said he believes robotic technology will allow doctors to perform surgery around the world and help people in rural or less wealthy areas, where access to medical care is limited. He hopes it can also be used to help people who are experiencing medical emergencies, like heart attacks and strokes.(帕特尔说，他相信机器人技术将使医生能够在世界各地进行手术，并帮助农村或不太富裕地区的人们，这些地区的医疗保健服务有限。他希望这项技术也能用于帮助那些正在经历心脏病发作和中风等医疗紧急情况的人。)”可知，帕特尔医生对机器人远程手术的未来持乐观态度，认为它具有巨大的潜在益处，能够扩大医疗服务的覆盖范围并帮助更多需要紧急医疗援助的人。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，特别是第一段“A doctor in Florida successfully operated on a patient 7,000 miles away in Africa, using a remote-controlled robot to perform the surgery.(佛罗里达州的一名医生成功地使用远程控制的机器人为7000英里外非洲的一名病人进行了手术。)”以及全文的描述可知，本文主要报道了佛罗里达州的一名医生通过远程控制的机器人成功为非洲的一名病人进行了手术，这是一项远程机器人手术的突破。因此，选项D“A Breakthrough in Long-Distance Robotic Surgery(远程机器人手术的突破)”是本文的最佳标题。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Taking action is one of the most important factors that will determine your success. Regardless of what you want in your life, whether you want to get rich, build a multi-million dollar business, travel the world, or own a luxury house, you need to take action. Taking action is the only thing that will connect you to your results. ___16___ They dream about what they want and they talk about their goals but at the end of the day, if they do not put in the work and pour in the effort, their dreams and their goals will never come true. ___17___ It is not like money is going to fall from the sky or you wake up the next day and find that you have your dream car sitting in your garage. At the age of 12, Mike was curious and wanted to build a frequency counter (频率计数器), but he did not have the parts. ___18___. What happened next was that Mike thought Tom, a company manager, might be able to help in getting the parts. He checked out the telephone book for Tom’s number, and then called that number. To Mike’s surprise, Tom answered the phone and then the young Mike talked to Tom and requested the parts from him. ___19___ He also offered him a summer job at his company, for assembling the frequency counters. This is how Mike got into the company, kick-started his career, learned about computers, and the rest became history. The 12 years old Mike might not know what was happening back then; all he knew was that he wanted the parts to build the frequency counter. ___20___ A. Nothing will come to you automatically. B. When you take action, everything will move. C. Unfortunately, most people do not take action. D. After about 20 minutes of chatting, Tom agreed to give Mike the parts. E. And like all other successful people around the world, he was fearless in taking action. F. Some actions are huge and they may require a lot of your energy and time to complete. G. However, he somehow got the idea that someone in the industry may have the parts that he desired. 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了行动对于成功的重要性，并以Mike为例进行说明。Mike在12岁时想要制作一个频率计数器，但没有零件，于是他采取行动，打电话给一家公司经理Tom请求帮助，最终得到了零件和一个暑期工作机会，从而开启了他的职业生涯和计算机学习之路。 【16题详解】 上文提到“Taking action is the only thing that will connect you to your results.(采取行动是连接你与成果的唯一途径。)”，强调了行动的重要性，后文“They dream about what they want and they talk about their goals, but at the end of the day, if they do not put in the work and pour in the effort, their dreams and their goals will never come true. (他们梦想他们想要的，他们谈论他们的目标，但在一天结束的时候，如果他们不投入工作和努力，他们的梦想和目标永远不会实现。)”也提出不采取行动后，梦想和目标不会实现的结果；C选项“Unfortunately, most people do not take action.(不幸的是，大多数人都没有采取行动。)”则指出大多数人并没有采取行动，与前文形成对比，突出了采取行动的重要性，符合题意。故选C。 【17题详解】 上文提到“but at the end of the day, if they do not put in the work and pour in the effort, their dreams and their goals will never come true.(但归根结底，如果他们不投入工作和努力，他们的梦想和目标就永远不会实现。)”，强调了不采取行动就无法实现梦想和目标；A选项“Nothing will come to you automatically.(没有什么会自动来到你身边。)”则进一步强调了不采取行动就无法获得任何成果，符合题意。故选A。 【18题详解】 上文提到“At the age of 12, Mike was curious and wanted to build a frequency counter (频率计数器), but he did not have the parts.(12岁时，Mike很好奇，想做一个频率计数器，但他没有零件。)”，说明Mike想要做频率计数器但没有零件；下文“What happened next was that Mike thought Tom, a company manager, might be able to help in getting the parts.(接下来发生的事情是，Mike认为公司经理Tom也许能帮他弄到零件。)”指出Mike向Tom寻求帮助；G选项“However, he somehow got the idea that someone in the industry may have the parts that he desired.(然而，他不知怎么地想到，这个行业里可能有人有他想要的零件。)”则指出Mike想到了可能有人有他需要的零件，为下文他打电话给Tom请求零件做了铺垫，符合题意。故选G。 【19题详解】 上文提到“To Mike’s surprise, Tom answered the phone and then the young Mike talked to Tom and requested the parts from him.(令Mike惊讶的是，Tom接了电话，然后年轻的Mike和Tom通了电话，并向他请求零件。)”，说明Mike向Tom请求零件；D选项“After about 20 minutes of chatting, Tom agreed to give Mike the parts.(聊了大约20分钟后，Tom同意给Mike零件。)”则指出打电话过程中，经过聊天后，Tom同意给Mike零件，符合题意。故选D。 【20题详解】 上文提到“The 12 years old Mike might not know what was happening back then; all he knew was that he wanted the parts to build the frequency counter.(12岁的Mike可能不知道当时发生了什么；他只知道他想要制作频率计数器的零件。)”，说明Mike当时只知道自己想要零件，对于未来发生的什么事情并不畏惧；E选项“And like all other successful people around the world, he was fearless in taking action.(和世界上所有其他成功人士一样，他在采取行动时无所畏惧。)”则指出Mike像其他成功人士一样勇敢地采取了行动，符合题意。且该选项中的“taking action”与前文相呼应，强调了行动的重要性。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I have always been intrigued by archaeology since I was little. The fact that archaeologists ____21____ history with their bare hands never fails to ____22____ me. In my room, I have a large collection of fossils, ranging from dinosaur bones to ancient marine specimens (样本). Years passed, but I still had no ____23____ experience. So, when the Center for American Archaeology offered a field summer program, I ____24____ the chance despite the fear of traveling alone. Everything felt completely new. I took my first ____25____ and met my roommate, Asher, who ended up as my best friend. Before going into the ____26____, we attended a lecture on how to use the tools needed for our work. I was thrilled to finally get my hands ____27____. The moment I started, however, I realized how ____28____ I had been. The unbearable ____29____ made it hard to breathe as the sun beat down fiercely. Soon, my body became ____30____ and soaked in sweat, yet I knew I had to push through. On day six, I was shoveling in my square and scraping (刮掘) my way to the next level, when I heard a loud “CLICK.” My heart ____31____ — I had hit something important eventually.I dug around it with my small shovel carefully. ____32____ filled me as I unearthed a piece of orange ceramic (陶片), dating back to around 500-1000 CE. By the end of the program, I understood just how much I had ____33____: riding planes on my own, socializing with like-minded peers, ____34____ extreme weather, and valuing history firsthand. None of this would have been possible if I hadn’t taken that leap of ____35____ in pursuing my passion. 21. A. simplify B. highlight C. uncover D. monitor 22. A. puzzle B. concern C. amuse D. fascinate 23. A. lab-based B. hands-on C. world-class D. problem-solving 24. A. gave away B. jumped at C. hunted for D. turned down 25. A. flight B. voyage C. shift D. break 26. A. tent B. campus C. field D. museum 27. A. green B. oily C. dirty D. wet 28. A. undecided B. inexperienced C. untalented D. irresponsible 29. A. smoke B. heat C. chill D. noise 30. A. tight B. slim C. disabled D. sticky 31. A. burned B. melted C. raced D. sank 32. A. Delight B. Regret C. Panic D. Courage 33. A. suffered B. recovered C. weakened D. grown 34 A. observing B. braving C. avoiding D. dramatizing 35. A. knowledge B. discipline C. faith D. imagination 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者参加野外考古项目，克服困难并获得成长的经历。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：考古学家用双手揭开历史真相的事实总是让我着迷。A. simplify简化；B. highlight强调；C. uncover揭开；D. monitor监控。根据下文“history with their bare hands”以及常识可知，考古学家的核心任务是“揭开”历史真相。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. puzzle使困惑；B. concern关心；C. amuse娱乐；D. fascinate使着迷。根据上文“I have always been intrigued by archaeology”可知，作者一直对考古学感兴趣，所以考古学家用双手揭开历史真相的事实总是让作者着迷。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年过去了，但我仍然没有亲自动手的经验。A. lab-based基于实验室的；B. hands-on亲自动手的；C. world-class世界级的；D. problem-solving解决问题的。根据上文“Years passed, but I still had no”和下文“So, when the Center for American Archaeology offered a field summer program, I 　4 　 the chance despite the fear of traveling alone.”和“valuing history firsthand”可知，多年过去了，作者依然缺乏“实际操作，亲自动手”的考古经验，所以下文描述作者参加项目，以便动手操作，最后亲身体验历史的价值。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以，当美国考古中心提供一个野外夏季项目时，尽管害怕独自旅行，我还是抓住了这个机会。A. gave away赠送；B. jumped at急忙接受，抓住；C. hunted for寻找；D. turned down拒绝。根据下文“the chance despite the fear of traveling alone”可知，尽管害怕独自旅行，作者还是抓住了这个可以亲自动手的机会。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我第一次坐飞机，遇到了我的室友Asher，他最后成了我最好的朋友。A. flight航班；B. voyage航行；C. shift转变；D. break休息。根据后文“riding planes on my own”可知，作者是乘坐飞机去的，此处指作者第一次坐飞机。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在进入野外之前，我们参加了一个关于如何使用工作所需工具的讲座。A. tent帐篷；B. campus校园；C. field野外；D. museum博物馆。根据上文“the Center for American Archaeology offered a field summer program”可知，这是一个野外考古项目，所以是在进入野外之前参加讲座。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我终于能亲自动手了，这让我很兴奋。A. green绿色的；B. oily油的；C. dirty脏的；D. wet湿的。根据上文“get my hands”可知，作者终于能亲自动手考古了，get one’s hands dirty表示“亲自动手，卷起袖子干”。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我开始的时候，我意识到我是多么没有经验。A. undecided犹豫不决的；B. inexperienced没有经验的；C. untalented没有天赋的；D. irresponsible不负责任的。根据上文“I still had no 　3 　 experience”可知，实际动手后作者发现自己“缺乏经验”。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：太阳炙烤着大地，难以忍受的高温让人难以呼吸。A. smoke烟；B. heat高温；C. chill寒冷；D. noise噪音。根据后文“made it hard to breathe as the sun beat down fiercely”可知，太阳炙烤着大地，所以温度高，此处指高温让人难以呼吸。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，我的身体变得黏糊糊的，浑身是汗，但我知道我必须坚持下去。A. tight紧的；B. slim苗条的；C. disabled残疾的；D. sticky黏糊糊的。根据后文“and soaked in sweat”可知，作者浑身是汗，所以此处指作者的身体变得黏糊糊的。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心跳加速 —— 我终于挖到了重要的东西。A. burned燃烧；B. melted融化；C. raced（心脏）急速跳动；D. sank下沉。根据后文“I had hit something important eventually”可知，作者挖到了重要的东西，所以兴奋得心跳加速。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我挖出一块可追溯到公元500-1000年的橙色陶瓷片时，我充满了喜悦。A. Delight高兴；B. Regret后悔；C. Panic恐慌；D. Courage勇气。根据后文“I unearthed a piece of orange ceramic”可知，作者挖出了陶瓷片，所以充满了喜悦。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在项目结束时，我意识到自己成长了多少：独自乘坐飞机，与志同道合的同龄人交往，勇敢面对极端天气，以及亲身体验历史的价值。A. suffered遭受；B. recovered恢复；C. weakened变弱；D. grown成长。根据后文“riding planes on my own, socializing with like-minded peers, 　14 　 extreme weather, and valuing history firsthand.”可知，作者意识到自己成长了很多。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. observing观察；B. braving勇敢面对；C. avoiding避免；D. dramatizing夸张。根据前文“The unbearable 　9 　 made it hard to breathe as the sun beat down fiercely. Soon, my body became 　10 　 and soaked in sweat, yet I knew I had to push through.”和后文“extreme weather”可知，作者勇敢面对极端天气。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我没有在追求自己的热情时冒险一试，这一切都不可能实现。A. knowledge知识；B. discipline纪律；C. faith信仰；D. imagination想象力。根据上文“I 　4 　 the chance despite the fear of traveling alone.”、“None of this would have been possible if I hadn’t taken that leap of”可知，作者冒险一试，追求自己的热情，take a leap of faith表示“冒险一试，凭信心行事”，符合作者“尽管害怕仍参加项目”的情境。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Air pollution is no doubt a pressing challenge ____36____ many major cities face around the world. More than 80% of people living in urban areas ____37____ (expose) to unsafe air, according to a report ____38____ (deliver) by the World Health Organization. “Urban air pollution continues to rise at ____39____ alarming rate, doing great harm to human health,” said Dr. Maria Neira, the director of Public Health and Environmental Policy at the WHO. “At the same time, ____40____ (aware) is rising and more cities are monitoring their air quality.” In the past two years, the number of cities monitoring air pollution ____41____ (double) — now covering about 3,000 cities in 103 countries. The WHO warned of the serious effects poor air quality could have ____42____ the health of urban residents, ____43____ (link) it to the risk of strokes, heart disease, lung cancer and many other diseases. The report also showed that low-and-middle-income countries generally have ____44____ (poor) air quality. About 98% of cities with 100,000 or more people in low-and-middle-income countries do not meet WHO air quality guidelines, while 56% in high-income countries fail to meet the standard. The report also urged local governments to take strong and ____45____ (effect) measures to fight against air pollution. 【答案】36. which##that 37. are exposed 38. delivered 39. an 40. awareness 41. has doubled 42. on 43. linking 44. poorer 45. effective 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球许多大城市面临的空气污染这一紧迫挑战，以及空气污染的危害、不同收入国家的空气质量差异，同时呼吁地方政府采取措施应对污染。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：毫无疑问，空气污染是世界许多主要城市面临的紧迫挑战。空处引导定语从句，先行词challenge，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：世界卫生组织发布的一份报告显示，超过80%的城市居民暴露在不安全的空气中。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语More than 80% of people和expose为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are exposed。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词report，deliver和report为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填delivered。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：世界卫生组织公共卫生与环境政策主任Maria Neira博士说：城市空气污染继续以惊人的速度上升，对人类健康造成极大危害。rate为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且alarming发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：与此同时，人们的意识也在提高，越来越多的城市开始监测空气质量。''空处需填名词作主语，awareness意为“意识”，表抽象概念，不可数。故填awareness。 【41题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去两年中，监测空气污染的城市数量翻了一番，现在覆盖了103个国家的约3000个城市。根据时间状语In the past two years可知，使用现在完成时，主语为the number of cities，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has doubled。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：世界卫生组织警告说，空气质量差可能对城市居民的健康产生严重影响，并将其与中风、心脏病、肺癌和许多其他疾病的风险联系起来。have effects on为固定短语，意为“对……有影响”。故填on。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，The WHO和link为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式作结果状语。故填linking。 【44题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：报告还显示，中低收入国家的空气质量普遍较差。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词air quality，结合语境可知，此处表示“较差的”，需填形容词比较级。故填poorer。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：报告还敦促地方政府采取强有力和有效的措施来对抗空气污染。修饰名词measures，需用形容词effective作定语。故填effective。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周末你参加了学生会举办的一次以“AI, our friend or our enemy?”为辩题的辩论活动。请你为校英语报写一篇文章，报道这次活动。 内容包括：1. 活动的内容；2. 个人的感悟；3. 期待评论。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 AI, our friend or our enemy? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: AI, our friend or our enemy? Last weekend, our Student Union organized a thought-provoking debate on “AI, our friend or our enemy?”, where teams presented compelling arguments while the audience engaged in lively discussions. The pros emphasized AI’s benefits in education and healthcare, whereas the cons warned about job displacement and privacy risks. Personally, I realized that although AI brings challenges, its value depends on how we use it. The debate erased my initial fear by showing AI as a tool rather than a threat. This debate helped students develop critical thinking about technology. What’s your view on AI? I eagerly await readers’ comments on this eye-opening activity! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，为校英语报写一篇文章，报道学生会举办的有关人工智能的辩论活动，需介绍活动内容，分享个人的感悟，并表示期待读者的评论。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 令人信服的：compelling→persuasive, convincing 消除：erase→remove 强调：emphasize→highlight, stress 取决于：depend on→be determined by, be dependent on, rely on 2 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The debate erased my initial fear by showing AI as a tool rather than a threat. 拓展句：The debate erased my initial fear by showing that AI can be regarded as a tool rather than a threat. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last weekend, our Student Union organized a thought-provoking debate on “AI, our friend or our enemy?”, where teams presented compelling arguments while the audience engaged in lively discussions. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句、连词while表示对比关系) 【高分句型2】Personally, I realized that although AI brings challenges, its value depends on how we use it. (运用了that引导宾语从句、although引导让步状语从句、how引导宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Everyone at school called her “Silent Meher”, not because she couldn’t speak, but because she chose not to. Since childhood, Meher had struggled with a serious stutter (口吃). Whenever she tried to speak in class, her words were stuck in her throat. Her classmates made fun of her stutter, “H-h-h-h! M-M-Meher!” Even one of her teachers once said, “Just write it down, Meher; it’ll be faster.” Meher learnt quickly that silence was safer. Thus she kept to herself, sitting in the classroom corner with her pad, where her pencil became her voice. She drew worlds where she could speak freely and no one judged her. Yet, no one even saw her art — not because she didn’t want them to, but because no one ever asked. Then came the school’s yearly talent show. Posters everywhere read: “Find Your Voice!” How funny, Meher thought. But her art teacher, Miss Sofia, noticed the quiet girl always alone, always drawing. One day, she looked over Meher’s shoulder and what she saw took her breath away. “Meher...these are beautiful. Why don’t you hand them in to the talent show?” Meher shook her head in nervousness. “G-go on st-tage?” she stuttered, her voice shaky. “In f-r-o-nt- of th-em?” But Miss Sofia smiled gently, placing a comforting hand on her shoulder. “What if you didn’t have to speak...just show your story?” For the first time, hope sprang up in Meher’s eyes. That night, an idea popped into Meher’s mind: animation! What if she told her story through animation? Over the next two weeks, she threw her heart into it. Using her pad and a borrowed screen from Miss Sofia, Meher created a short film called “The Girl Behind the Curtain”. The girl in the film stuttered, too, but every time someone made fun of her, a curtain grew taller around her. Slowly, with each kind word and moment of courage, the girl pulled holes in the curtain until sunlight shone through. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On the night of the show, Meher stood nervously behind the stage curtain. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the show, classmates began approaching Meher and talking to her. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文一 On the night of the show, Meher stood nervously behind the stage curtain. Her heart was pounding like a drum and her palms were sweaty. When her name was called, she took a deep breath and walked onto the dark stage. With her animation appearing on the screen, the audience fell silent, totally absorbed in the story of the silent girl behind the curtain. When the final scene showed sunlight bursting through the holes, lighting up the girl's smiling face, all the people burst into thunderous applause. Meher stood in the spotlight, tears welling up in her eyes. He realized that she had finally been heard without uttering a single word. After the show, classmates began approaching Meher and talking to her. “Your animation was amazing,” one girl said sincerely. “I never knew you were so talented.” Another boy added, “I’m sorry we made fun of you.” For the first time, there was respect in their voices when they spoke to her. Meher felt a wave of warmth spreading through her body as she smiled shyly at them. Though she still stuttered when she tried to speak, no one laughed at her. Instead, they waited patiently for her to finish, which gave Meher great courage. Since then, Mesher has become a confident, optimistic, and outgoing child who is not afraid to express herself. 范文二 On the night of the show, Meher stood nervously behind the stage curtain. She wouldn’t step on the stage, but her creation would. With the film beginning, the hall was in silence, then whispers, and then tears. When the final image disappeared and the simple words “By Meher” showed, the audience erupted into thunderous applause. Even the ones who had made fun of her stood up and clapped. Her “friends”, who used to copy her stutter, avoided eye contact now. But it wasn’t shame that made them look away, but a sudden, deep respect. After the show, classmates began approaching Meher and talking to her. “That was so awe-inspiring,” someone said. “You’re really brave, Meher,” said another. One girl whispered, “I st-ut-ter t-o-” Meher met her eyes and offered a warm, understanding smile. She didn’t need to say much; the connection was already there, wordless but strong. From that day on, “Silent Meher” disappeared. Surrounded by warmth, kindness and understanding, she became confident and wasn’t the girl with the stutter anymore. She was the girl who told stories and shared laughter. She lived a life full of happiness and hope. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了梅赫因口吃被同学嘲笑、选择沉默，只能通过绘画表达自己。在美术老师索菲亚的鼓励下，她以动画形式参加校园才艺秀，创作短片《幕后人》讲述自身经历。动画获得观众热烈掌声，同学们开始尊重并接纳她，梅赫也重拾自信，变得开朗，无需言语便实现了自我表达。 【详解】1.段落续写：（参考范文一） ①由第一段首句内容“在演出当晚，梅赫尔紧张地站在舞台幕布后面”可知，第一段可描写以动画形式参加校园才艺秀，创作短片《幕后人》讲述自身经历。 ②由第二段首句内容“演出结束后，同学们纷纷围拢过来，与梅赫交谈起来”可知，第二段可描写动画获得观众热烈掌声，同学们开始尊重并接纳她，梅赫也重拾自信，变得开朗，无需言语便实现了自我表达。 2.续写线索：才艺展示——讲述经历——完成演出——获得好评——同学接纳——梅赫感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①快速跳动：pound/beat ②出现：appear/show up ③点亮：light up/brighten 情绪类 ①惊人的：amazing/marvelous ②外向的：outgoing/extrovert 【点睛】[高分句型1] When her name was called, she took a deep breath and walked onto the dark stage.（运用了when引导时间状语从句） [高分句型2] Meher stood in the spotlight, tears welling up in her eyes.（运用了独立主格结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上高二中2027届高二年级英语阶段性练习三 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What are the speakers talking about? A. Writing. B. Art. C. Career. 2. What happened to the woman? A. She made a mistake. B. She forgot the number. C. She misunderstood the man. 3.Where are the speakers? A. In a library. B. In a bank. C. In a restaurant. 4. What does the man think of some of the exam questions? A. Difficult. B. Inspiring. C. Time-consuming. 5. Why does the man fail to attend the online class? A. He can’t get on the Internet. B. He is not good at taking notes. C. He is busy caring for his grandparents. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 6. Why does the woman want to change her room? A. The window is broken. B. The neighbour is too noisy. C. She can’t have a sound sleep. 7 When will the tour company leave? A. Today. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Tomorrow evening. 8. What are the speakers probably doing? A. Watching Kung Fu. B. Doing Tai Chi. C. Walking in a park. 9. What is required about using the basketball court? A. Advance booking. B. Deep cleaning. C. Quiet playing. 10. How long does the court keep open? A. 8 hours. B. 14 hours. C. 15 hours. 11 What can be inferred from the man’s response? A. He wants to motivate the woman. B. He has had a similar experience. C. He understands the woman’s mom. 12. What will the woman do tonight? A. Write a letter. B. Talk to her mom. C. Do homework with the man. 13. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Friends. C. Teacher and student. 14. Why does the woman go to the gym? A. To lose weight. B. To improve her health. C. To build up her muscle. 15. When will the woman probably go to the gym? A. On Tuesdays. B. On Wednesdays. C. On Fridays. 16. How does the woman feel after knowing the test before the first class? A. Worried. B. Confused. C. Relieved. 17. What will the woman do next? A Start working out. B. Finish a form. C. Have a free meal. 18. What is the best way to explore the park? A. Hiking. B. Bicycling. C. Skiing. 19. What is special about wildlife in the park? A. Its number is very large. B. It includes many rare birds. C. Lions can be seen all year round. 20. Why does the speaker give the speech? A. To explain a concept. B. To introduce a place. C. To issue an announcement. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A NIH Summer Internship (实习生) Program in Biomedical Research (SIP) This program is to provide a developmental training experience for promising high school students who have expressed a strong interest in or are studying disciplines related to biomedical sciences. Applicants must be: * 17 years of age or older * high school seniors at the time of application * able to pass the Federal background check * within 40 miles of the NIH campus on which they will intern if they are 17 years of age (this requirement does not apply to applicants who are 18 and older) * having American citizenship or permanent residency For minors under 18 years of age, if required by state or local government law, work permits must be obtained. A written agreement of a parent or guardian is also required. Complete your application You must use the NIH Application Center to apply for this program: 1. After you complete the required sections of your profile, you will be asked to select a preferred program. Choose “Summer internships for high school students”. 2. You must select “Apply” next to “High School Summer Internship Program” for your application to be considered for this program. 3. To complete your application, import any relevant information from your profile. You must also submit: * Coursework & Exams — a list of coursework and grades * CV/Resume (简历) — a list of your education, experience, and other relevant history * Letter/Statement — a cover letter broadly describing your prior research experience, your current interests and career goals * References — letters containing the names and contact information of two referees 1. What is the purpose of the program? A. To provide training chances. B. To offer teenagers job positions. C. To inspire students’ interest in science. D. To select promising high school students. 2. What is a requirement to participates in the program? A. Having intern experience. B. Majoring in biomedical science. C. Living on or near the NIH campus. D. Being U.S. citizens or permanent residents. 3. What must be included in the submission? A Application fee. B. Reference books. C. Personal photos. D. Recommendation letters. B Chenoa Tremblay is a radio astronomer who uses radio telescopes (望远镜) and a specific analytical technique to study molecules (分子) in the gas layers (层) around stars. By analyzing these molecules’ unique frequency signals, she identifies signs related to life — such as water— that are potential signs of life beyond Earth. Additionally, she uses computers and advanced mathematics to turn these signals into images, enabling the study of the universe in ways that human eyes can’t. Tremblay grew up in a small town in New Hampshire. There wasn’t a lot of expectation of girls doing much outside of home. But she was a naturally very curious child. Throughout high school, learning was hard for her most of the time. But math was always fairly easy, and she enjoyed chemistry. Tremblay decided to study business and accounting in college. It seemed logical, but she really wasn’t sure what she’d do with it. Her roommate was studying chemistry, and she found herself helping her with her homework. Her friends finally convinced her to study chemistry instead. Tremblay started volunteering for university projects to learn from teachers. That helped her figure out how to become a radio astronomer. In 2016, she got into a doctoral program for physics and astronomy in Australia. During her program, Tremblay and her team were using a brand-new radio telescope in Western Australia. In high school and her first years in college, she really struggled with physics. So it’s really funny that she ended up with a Ph.D. in the subject. At some point in the learning process, things just started to click. “The career you decide on now doesn’t have to be what you do later. You can change your mind and switch paths.” Tremblay said in a speech for young students. “You can explore what you find interesting about the world.” 4. What can we learn from the first paragraph? A. Tremblay is good at designing telescopes. B. Tremblay finds it possible to live beyond earth. C. Tremblay’s work is about the study of the universe. D. Tremblay’s study has gained widespread recognition. 5. What directly led Tremblay to change her university major? A. The appeal of chemistry. B. The push from her friends. C. The advice from her parents. D. The doubt about her future job. 6. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. A new radio telescope. B. Tremblay and her team. C. University volunteer work. D. Tremblay’s Ph.D. journey. 7. What can we learn from Tremblay’s experience? A. Nothing is impossible. B. Creativity is important. C. Practical experience helps. D. Career paths can be adjusted. C Soil as an Antidepressant: Fact or Fiction? Many gardening claims spread online, but one has become particularly popular: “Soil is an antidepressant.” According to this idea, supported through countless social media posts, Mycobacterium vaccae — a microbe (微生物) naturally found in soil — can actually boost your mood. All you apparently have to do to experience this benefit is get your hands in contact with earth. The bacteria are said to be absorbed through your skin or breathed in from the air, and they will quickly get to work transforming your brain chemistry for the better. But is all this a bit too good to be true? Although the claim may initially seem a little outlandish, there have actually been a range of studies investigating the effect of this microbe on a variety of conditions, from eczema to cancer. In fact, Mycobacterium vaccae was first extracted in soil samples from Uganda by scientists in order to find a harmless close cousin of the deadly Mycobacterium tuberculosis that could be used as a form of immunotherapy (免疫疗法). Scientists became more interested in its possible effects on depression when lung cancer patients receiving the bacteria reported feeling better overall. Several careful studies appeared to confirm these mood-improving effects, leading to widespread sharing of this information online. However, there’s an important limitation: all the studies specifically testing the depression theory were done on mice, not humans. In these experiments, researchers either injected (注射) the bacteria into the mice’s blood or added it to their food. This matters because results from animal studies often don’t work the same way in humans. For example, one analysis of 76 animal studies found that only 37% produced similar results when tried with people. Additionally, all the mice in these studies were males of the same special breed. The bacteria weren’t breathed in or absorbed through the skin — they were given in pure form directly into the body. As someone interested in how nature affects mental health, I’m excited to see what future research reveals. However, despite the confident claims online, we can only say that “soil is an antidepressant” if you’re a specific type of male mouse that has been injected with pure bacteria from soil — and since you’re reading this, I assume you’re not. 8. What does the underlined word “outlandish” most probably mean in paragraph 2? A. Popular and widely accepted. B. Strange and difficult to believe. C. Scientific and well-researched. D. Boring and complex to understand. 9. What was the original purpose of extracting Mycobacterium vaccae? A. To find a cure for depression B. To treat lung cancer patients. C. To develop a brand new gardening product. D. To create immunotherapy from a harmless bacterium. 10. What is the key limitation of the studies mentioned? A. They only involved human participants. B. They were conducted only on specific mice. C. They didn’t use purified forms of bacteria. D. They focused only on skin absorption. 11. What is the author’s attitude toward the “soil is an antidepressant” claim? A. Cautious. B. Disapproving. C. Supportive. D. Uninterested. D A doctor in Florida successfully operated on a patient 7,000 miles away in Africa, using a remote-controlled robot to perform the surgery. Fernando Da Silva, who lives in Angola, needed surgery to treat cancer. In a robotic surgical procedure, the surgeon does not touch the patient. Instead, the doctor moves their hands to control smaller robotic hands that hold surgical instruments. When the doctor moves their hands around, the robotic hands move in the same way. Da Silva’s procedure, called “transcontinental robotic telesurgery”, was performed by Dr. Vipul Patel from Florida. He sat at a robotic console (控制台) equipped with a 3D screen and highly responsive hand controls. His movements were transmitted through fiber-optic (光纤) cables that run under the ocean to robotic arms in the operating room in Angola. Fiber-optic technology transmits data faster and farther than other communication methods. Patel has performed nearly 20,000 robotic surgeries. He said that despite the distance, there was no noticeable delay between his movements and the response of the robotic arms. The entire process took about one hour and 20 minutes. Although Patel was in the US, his medical team was in the operating room in Angola with Da Silva. “I always have my team where the patient is,” Patel said. “So, in case something happened with the telecommunications, the team would just take over and finish the operation.” The team did not need to intervene, however, as Da Silva’s surgery was a success. The procedure was part of a clinical trial approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the government agency that promotes and protects public health. Patel said he plans to perform more surgeries like this one and present the results to the FDA for review. Patel said he believes robotic technology will allow doctors to perform surgery around the world and help people in rural or less wealthy areas, where access to medical care is limited. He hopes it can also be used to help people who are experiencing medical emergencies, like heart attacks and strokes. 12. What can be inferred about the role of fiber-optic technology in the surgery? A. It ensures real-time communication. B. It reduces the cost of the operation. C. It replaces the need for a medical team. D. It spares the trouble of training a surgeon. 13. Why did Dr. Patel have a medical team present in the operating room in Angola? A. To assist with the robotic equipment setup. B. To ensure the complete success of the operation. C. To train local doctors in robotic techniques. D. To meet the regulations of FDA for a surgery. 14. What is Dr. Patel’s attitude toward the future of robotic telesurgery? A. Doubtful about its practicality. B. Concerned about its high cost. C. Optimistic about its potential benefits. D. Critical of its technological limitations. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The Challenges of Remote Surgery B. The History of Robotic Surgical Procedures C. How Fiber-Optic Technology Changed Medicine D. A Breakthrough in Long-Distance Robotic Surgery 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Taking action is one of the most important factors that will determine your success. Regardless of what you want in your life, whether you want to get rich, build a multi-million dollar business, travel the world, or own a luxury house, you need to take action. Taking action is the only thing that will connect you to your results. ___16___ They dream about what they want and they talk about their goals, but at the end of the day, if they do not put in the work and pour in the effort, their dreams and their goals will never come true. ___17___ It is not like money is going to fall from the sky or you wake up the next day and find that you have your dream car sitting in your garage. At the age of 12, Mike was curious and wanted to build a frequency counter (频率计数器), but he did not have the parts. ___18___. What happened next was that Mike thought Tom, a company manager, might be able to help in getting the parts. He checked out the telephone book for Tom’s number, and then called that number. To Mike’s surprise, Tom answered the phone and then the young Mike talked to Tom and requested the parts from him. ___19___ He also offered him a summer job at his company, for assembling the frequency counters. This is how Mike got into the company, kick-started his career, learned about computers, and the rest became history. The 12 years old Mike might not know what was happening back then; all he knew was that he wanted the parts to build the frequency counter. ___20___ A. Nothing will come to you automatically. B. When you take action, everything will move. C. Unfortunately, most people do not take action. D. After about 20 minutes of chatting Tom agreed to give Mike the parts. E. And like all other successful people around the world, he was fearless in taking action. F. Some actions are huge and they may require a lot of your energy and time to complete. G. However, he somehow got the idea that someone in the industry may have the parts that he desired. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I have always been intrigued by archaeology since I was little. The fact that archaeologists ____21____ history with their bare hands never fails to ____22____ me. In my room, I have a large collection of fossils, ranging from dinosaur bones to ancient marine specimens (样本). Years passed, but I still had no ____23____ experience. So, when the Center for American Archaeology offered a field summer program, I ____24____ the chance despite the fear of traveling alone. Everything felt completely new. I took my first ____25____ and met my roommate, Asher, who ended up as my best friend. Before going into the ____26____, we attended a lecture on how to use the tools needed for our work. I was thrilled to finally get my hands ____27____. The moment I started, however, I realized how ____28____ I had been. The unbearable ____29____ made it hard to breathe as the sun beat down fiercely. Soon, my body became ____30____ and soaked in sweat, yet I knew I had to push through. On day six, I was shoveling in my square and scraping (刮掘) my way to the next level, when I heard a loud “CLICK.” My heart ____31____ — I had hit something important eventually.I dug around it with my small shovel carefully. ____32____ filled me as I unearthed a piece of orange ceramic (陶片), dating back to around 500-1000 CE. By the end of the program, I understood just how much I had ____33____: riding planes on my own, socializing with like-minded peers, ____34____ extreme weather, and valuing history firsthand. None of this would have been possible if I hadn’t taken that leap of ____35____ in pursuing my passion. 21. A. simplify B. highlight C. uncover D. monitor 22. A. puzzle B. concern C. amuse D. fascinate 23. A. lab-based B. hands-on C. world-class D. problem-solving 24. A. gave away B. jumped at C. hunted for D. turned down 25. A. flight B. voyage C. shift D. break 26. A. tent B. campus C. field D. museum 27. A. green B. oily C. dirty D. wet 28. A. undecided B. inexperienced C. untalented D. irresponsible 29. A. smoke B. heat C. chill D. noise 30. A. tight B. slim C. disabled D. sticky 31. A. burned B. melted C. raced D. sank 32. A. Delight B. Regret C. Panic D. Courage 33. A. suffered B. recovered C. weakened D. grown 34. A. observing B. braving C. avoiding D. dramatizing 35. A. knowledge B. discipline C. faith D. imagination 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Air pollution is no doubt a pressing challenge ____36____ many major cities face around the world. More than 80% of people living in urban areas ____37____ (expose) to unsafe air, according to a report ____38____ (deliver) by the World Health Organization. “Urban air pollution continues to rise at ____39____ alarming rate, doing great harm to human health,” said Dr. Maria Neira, the director of Public Health and Environmental Policy at the WHO. “At the same time, ____40____ (aware) is rising and more cities are monitoring their air quality.” In the past two years, the number of cities monitoring air pollution ____41____ (double) — now covering about 3,000 cities in 103 countries. The WHO warned of the serious effects poor air quality could have ____42____ the health of urban residents, ____43____ (link) it to the risk of strokes, heart disease, lung cancer and many other diseases. The report also showed that low-and-middle-income countries generally have ____44____ (poor) air quality. About 98% of cities with 100,000 or more people in low-and-middle-income countries do not meet WHO air quality guidelines, while 56% in high-income countries fail to meet the standard. The report also urged local governments to take strong and ____45____ (effect) measures to fight against air pollution. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周末你参加了学生会举办的一次以“AI, our friend or our enemy?”为辩题的辩论活动。请你为校英语报写一篇文章，报道这次活动。 内容包括：1. 活动的内容；2. 个人的感悟；3. 期待评论。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 AI, our friend or our enemy? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Everyone at school called her “Silent Meher”, not because she couldn’t speak, but because she chose not to. Since childhood, Meher had struggled with a serious stutter (口吃). Whenever she tried to speak in class, her words were stuck in her throat. Her classmates made fun of her stutter, “H-h-h-h! M-M-Meher!” Even one of her teachers once said, “Just write it down, Meher; it’ll be faster.” Meher learnt quickly that silence was safer. Thus she kept to herself, sitting in the classroom corner with her pad, where her pencil became her voice. She drew worlds where she could speak freely and no one judged her. Yet, no one even saw her art — not because she didn’t want them to, but because no one ever asked. Then came the school’s yearly talent show. Posters everywhere read: “Find Your Voice!” How funny, Meher thought. But her art teacher, Miss Sofia, noticed the quiet girl always alone, always drawing. One day, she looked over Meher’s shoulder and what she saw took her breath away. “Meher...these are beautiful. Why don’t you hand them in to the talent show?” Meher shook her head in nervousness. “G-go on st-tage?” she stuttered, her voice shaky. “In f-r-o-nt- of th-em?” But Miss Sofia smiled gently, placing a comforting hand on her shoulder. “What if you didn’t have to speak...just show your story?” For the first time, hope sprang up in Meher’s eyes. That night, an idea popped into Meher’s mind: animation! What if she told her story through animation? Over the next two weeks, she threw her heart into it. Using her pad and a borrowed screen from Miss Sofia, Meher created a short film called “The Girl Behind the Curtain”. The girl in the film stuttered, too, but every time someone made fun of her, a curtain grew taller around her. Slowly, with each kind word and moment of courage, the girl pulled holes in the curtain until sunlight shone through. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On the night of the show, Meher stood nervously behind the stage curtain. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the show, classmates began approaching Meher and talking to her. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $