Unit 5 Happy Holiday Section A Grammar Focus课件 2025-2026学年鲁教版（五四制）七年级英语上册

该初中英语课件聚焦复合不定代词和一般过去时，通过对话示例、分类表格及语篇情境导入，从构成分类到用法规则逐步递进，搭配例句解析与填空练习，搭建从理解到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如通过对比some-和any-用法、形容词后置规则提升分析能力，结合中考题和看图描述任务强化语言应用。采用情境化语法教学，表格归纳与自测反思结合，助力学生掌握知识，也为教师提供系统高效的教学资源。

UNIT 5 Happy Holiday Grammar Focus Pay attention to the circled parts. Indefinite pronouns 不定代词代指人 不定代词代指物 我们常用不定代词来指代某个不特定的人或物。 表示“没有一个；毫无”，既可以指人，也可以指物。 由some-，any-，no-，every-与-one，-body，-thing连用构成的不定代词叫作复合不定代词。 本节课中，我们着重学习复合不定代词的相关知识。接下来，让我们一起学习吧！ Focus on 用法 复合不定代词 构成 用法 Compound indefinite pronouns body one thing some any no every somebody someone something anybody anyone anything nobody no one nothing everybody everyone everything 指人 指物 某个 任何 没有 每个 = = = = 复合不定代词的构成 复合不定代词的用法 ① Listen! Someone is knocking at the door. 听！有人在敲门。 ② Somebody is crying in the next room. 隔壁房间里有人在哭。 1. some- 不定代词 somebody/someone/something常用于肯定句，在疑问句中，若希望得到对方的肯定回答，也会用含有some-的不定代词。 ③ Would you like something to eat? 你想吃点什么吗? ① There isn't anybody in the room. 室内没有人。 ③ Anyone should work hard. 任何人都应该努力工作。 2. any- 不定代词 anybody/anyone/anything常用于否定句或疑问句。当含有any- 的不定代词用在肯定句中时，则强调“任何人”或“任何事”。 ② Did you see anything there? 你在那看到什么东西了吗？ (= There is not anything in the box.) 没有人站在教室外面。 ③ There is nothing in the box. ② There is nobody/no one standing outside the classroom. ① I found nobody in the room. 我发现教室里空无一人。 3. no- 含有no-的不定代词表示全否定，意为“没有人/物”。 nobody/no one = not anybody, nothing= not anything 表示全否定 盒子里什么都没有。 (= There is not anybody standing outside the classroom.) ① Is everyone/everybody here today? 今天每个人都到了吗？ ② Everything is ready. 一切准备就绪。 4. every- 不定代词 everybody/everyone/everything 可以用于各种句式中。everybody/everyone 的意思是“每个人，人人”，everything 的意思是“每件事，一切”。 含有every-的不定代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。 He wants to find something interesting to read. blue sky a big house ① 形容词修饰名词或代词时，一般放在所修饰词的______。 蓝天 一所大房子 前面 ② 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing等不定代词时，要放在这些词的______。 后面 他想找些有趣的东西来读。 选择恰当的复合不定代词完成语篇。 someone / somebody, something I left my bag in the park just now. There is 1. __________　　　　　important in the bag. I hope 2. __________________ can find it and give it to me. anyone / anybody, anything I didn’t do 3. __________ special this summer. How was your holiday? Did you go anywhere special? Did 4. ________________ go with you? something someone / somebody anything anyone / anybody everyone / everybody, everything 5. _____________________ is excited about the school trip. We are bringing 6. _________ we need — snacks, water and hats. The scenery is breathtaking. We can see beautiful landscapes everywhere. It was rainy. There was 7. _______________ outside. We could go nowhere and we had 8. _________ to do. So boring! no one / nobody, nothing Everyone / Everybody everything no one / nobody nothing Look at the picture and describe it using compound indefinite pronouns. Somebody is riding a bike, and someone is playing the guitar... Look, everything in the park is so nice. Somebody is riding a bike, and someone is playing the guitar. I see something interesting - a small dog is walking on the road. Everybody is laughing and enjoying themselves. Some people are doing exercises, while an woman sits on a bench, reading a book. Nobody looks sad, and I don’t see anything that could make the day worse. It is a really great day! Read the sentences and notice the underlined indefinite pronouns. Then discuss when you use these pronouns. 3a P45 We use indefinite pronouns when referring to non-specific people or things. 缺音频 没有答案 Complete the conversation with the correct indefinite pronouns. 3b A: Did you do __________ interesting on your holiday? B: No, __________ special. How about you? A: Well, I went to Hangzhou and spent a few days there. B: Really? __________ says the scenery around the West Lake is so beautiful. A: It is. We had a wonderful experience. B: Great! So, did you go there with __________? A: Yes, I went with my family. Oh! I just remembered. I got you __________ as a gift. Here you are! B: Wow, it’s a silk scarf. Thank you! A: You’re welcome! anything nothing Someone anyone something P45 缺音频 没有答案 someone no one everyone something nothing everything Complete the passage with the correct indefinite pronouns. 3c P45 everyone It was summer. Like __________ else, I was ready to go on a holiday somewhere. I chose a town near my city, but __________ could join me, so I went by myself. When I got to the town, it started raining heavily. I could do __________ but stay in the hotel. The hotel was nice, with a comfortable bed, and __________ was very clean.I felt bored, so I decided to look for __________ to read. I found a book in my room and started reading by my bed. Then, I heard __________ shout from outside, “Look at the sky! How amazing!” I got up and walked towards the window. There was a beautiful double rainbow in the sky. no one nothing everything something someone 缺音频 没有答案 someone no one everyone something nothing everything Complete the passage with the correct indefinite pronouns. 3c P45 everyone no one nothing everything something someone 缺音频 没有答案 不定代词： 1. some-: somebody; someone; something 2. any-: anybody; anyone; anything 3. no-: nobody; no one; nothing 4. every-: everybody; everyone; everything 缺音频 没有答案 1. The light went out suddenly. It was very dark and ________ could be seen clearly. (2024黑龙江绥化) A. anything B. something C. nothing 2. - I heard that people in Paris stood in a long line to buy Chinese xiaolongbao. - Yes, ______ could say no to it there. (2024山东滨州) A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. anybody 3. — Chinese chess player Ding Liren has done ______ he can in chess and has put all that he has into the games. — Yes, and he has become world chess champion(冠军) recently. (2023 滨州市) A. everything B. nothing C. something D. none 4. _________ is better than my own little home and the warm sunshine and the beatiful blue sky. (2023 重庆市B卷) A. Everything B. Nothing C. Something D. Anything 翻译句子。 1. At the age of 14 something unlucky happened to Jia and turned him into a deaf person. (2022年陕西省 短文填空) 14岁那年，贾遭遇不幸，从此失聪。 2. Hearing this, Ma Qiang was surprised because nobody had said such words to him before. (2022年山东省聊城市 完形填空) 马强听了很惊讶，因为从来没有人对他说过这样的 话。 当我们谈论过去的动作或状态时，常常使用一般过去时。句中的谓语要用动词的过去式形式。 这些对话使用了什么时态呢？它们的谓语动词使用了什么形式呢？ Focus on 用法 一般过去时 a review of Simple past tense He always went to work by bus last year. ② I visited my grandparents last week. ① I was ill yesterday. 一、一般过去时的含义及用法 我昨天生病了。 上周我去看望了我的祖父母。 1 一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。 常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 去年他总是坐公共汽车去上班。 2 一般过去时也表示经常或反复发生的动作，常和often, always等表示频度的时间状语连用。 含be动词的一般过去时 含实义动词的一般过去时 二、句型结构 1. 含有be动词的一般过去时的各种句式 (1) He was in a bank just now. (2) They were at home last night． 肯定句：主语+was/were+其他. (1) Han Mei and Wei Hua were not in the classroom just now. 韩梅和魏华刚才不在教室里。 (2) Tony wasn't a teacher two years ago. 两年前托尼还不是一位老师。 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 其他. (was not, were not 可缩写为wasn't, weren't) 刚才他在银行。 昨晚他们在家。 — Were you on the farm yesterday? — Yes, I was. /No, I wasn't. — 昨天你在农场吗？ — 是的，我在。/不，我不在。 把was, were提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。 一般疑问句： Was/Were+主语+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语(代词)+was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语(代词)+wasn't/ weren't. 单击此处编辑母版文本样式 第二级 第三级 第四级 第五级 (1) Who was your first English teacher? 谁是你的第一个英语老师？ (2) What was in your mind just now? 你刚才想什么呢？ (3) Where were you when I was in trouble? 当我陷入困境的时候你在哪儿？ 特殊疑问句： 疑问词+was/were (+主语) +其他? 单击此处编辑母版文本样式 第二级 第三级 第四级 第五级 Nancy grew some flowers last year. 南希去年种了一些花。 2. 含有行为动词的一般过去时的各种句式 He didn't see anything at that time. 当时他什么也没有看见。 行为动词过去式的否定形式要加助动词didn't，原谓语动词变回原形，didn't没有人称和数的变化。 肯定句：主语+ 动词过去式+其他. 否定句：主语+didn't + 动词原形+其他. 一般疑问句： 助动词Did+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答: 否定回答: (1) - Did you phone Jim yesterday? - Yes, I did./ No, I didn't. — 你昨天给吉姆打电话了吗？ — 是的，我打过了。/ 不，我没有打。 (2) - Did he visit his aunt last weekend? - Yes, he did. /No, he didn't. — 上周末他去拜访他姑姑了吗？ — 是的，他去了。/ 不，他没有去。 Yes, 主语+did. Yes, 主语+didn't. 特殊疑问句： 疑问词+助动词did+主语+动词原形+其他? 回答： — What did she say after hearing the bad news? — She said nothing at that time. /She didn't say anything. 主语+ 动词过去式/didn't+动词原形 +其他. — 听到这个坏消息后她说什么了？ — 当时她什么都没说。 三. 动词过去式 1 规则变化 类别 构成方法 例词与读音 读音规则 look - ______ play - ______ start - ______ live - _____ hope - ______ use - _____ stop - _______ plan - _______ study - ______ carry - ______ worry - ______ looked played started lived hoped used stopped planned studied carried worried 一般情况 以e结尾的动词 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 加-ed 加-d 双写这个辅音字母, 再加-ed 变y为i, 再加-ed /lʊkt/ /pleɪd/ /stɑːtɪd/ /lɪvd/ /həʊpt/ /juːzd/ /stɒpt/ /plænd/ /ˈstʌdɪd/ /ˈkærɪd/ /ˈwʌrɪd/ 清辅音后面读作/t/；浊辅音和元音后面读/d/；/t/和/d/后面读/ɪd/。 1. 清念 /t/，即 ed 在清辅音后面念/t/ finished helped passed cooked 清念 /t/, 元浊/d/; /t/ /d/ 之后念/id/ 规则动词 + -ed的读音 3. /t/ /d/ 之后念 /id/，即 ed 在 /t/ /d/音后面 /id/ wanted shouted needed counted 2. 元浊 /d/，即 ed 在元音，浊辅音后面念 /d/ borrowed enjoyed called moved Verbs Past tense fall find fell found get go give got went gave have hear hide had heard hid make meet see write made met saw wrote Verbs Past tense begin break bring build buy began broke brought built bought can catch come could caught came do draw drink did drew drank eat ate 2 不规则变化 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. My parents and I ____ (be) in London last year. 2. They _____ (go) to the beach last week 3. - What ____ you ____ (do) last weekend? - I ____ (have) a picnic in the park. 4. David _________ (not do) his homework last night. 5. I ______ (call) Jim yesterday, but he _______ (be not) at home. were went did do didn't do wasn't called had 一般 过去时 构成 用法 时间状语 1. 表示过去某个时间或一段时间内发生的动 作或存在的状态。 2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 yesterday, last night/week, in 1990, two days ago, ... 陈述句：① 主语 + was/were + 其他. ② 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. 否定句：① 主语 + was/were + not + 其他. ② 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他. 一般疑问句： ① - Was/Were + 主语 + 其他？ - Yes, 主语 was/were. 或 No, 主语 + wasn't/weren't. ② - Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ - Yes, 主语 + did. 或 No, 主语 + did not (didn't). 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + 一般疑问句? 1. The Zigong Lantern Festival shows the wisdom and culture of people in Zigong. In 2008, the festival ________ (become) a national-level intangible cultural heritage (国家级非物质文化遗产). (2024四川自贡) 2. Harry __________ (turn) on his computer and checked his email. (2024天津) 3. We had a school trip last month and I _________ (enjoy) every minute of it. (2023甘肃兰州) 4. One day, a little boy came into a shop. He ______ (walk) to the shop assistant(售货员) and said, "I'd like 12 exercise books and 9 pencils. How much are they?" (2022 海南省) 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 became turned enjoyed walked 注: 另附word文档，点击此处链接 缺音频 没有答案 1. Linda heard some strange noise. She looked around but found ________. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 2. — Listen! _______ is playing the piano in the next room. — Yes. It is Gina and she always practises the piano in the afternoon. A. Nobody B. Somebody C. Everyone D. Anyone Ⅰ. 单项选择。 3. Kate went into her room without saying _______ to her family. She just wanted to stay quiet. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything 4. — Would you like _______ to drink? — Yes, a cup of coffee, please. A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything 5. __________ is at home. All of the family are enjoying the bright moon outside. A. Everybody B. Anybody C. No one D. Someone 6. Grandma said she _______ a very difficult life when she was young. A. lives B. lived C. is living D. will live 7. Last year, Mike ______ most of his time in practising football. A. spent B. will spend C. is spending D. spends 8. When Jane saw the snake in the grass, she _______ and ran away quickly. A. is shouting B. shouts C. shouted D. will shout 9. Daniel went to the supermarket and _______ back with plenty of food and drinks for everyone just now. A. will come B. is coming C. comes D. came 10. Betty ______ only ten when she started doing volunteer work in her community. A. is B. are C. was D. were 1. _____________ had a great time at the art show yesterday. 2. Don’t tell ___________ about the trip. I want to give them a surprise. 3. “I hope __________ goes well at my new company,” the young man thought. 4. I’ll tell ____________ important to you. 5. There isn’t ____________ in the box. II. 从方框中选择合适的单词填空。 Everybody anyone everything something anything anyone, anything, everybody, everything, something 1. In 2015, Li Ming _________ (study) at No. 2 Middle School in the small town. 2. Mr Green __________ (stop) the car and got out of it quickly. 3. I’m sorry, Mum. I ___________ (lose) my storybook on my way home this afternoon. 4. Last autumn, a big fire __________ (happen) in the forest. 5. — How was your weekend, Helen? — Very interesting! I _________ (have) a picnic on Saturday and _________ (go) swimming on Sunday. III. 根据句意，用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空。 studied stopped lost happened had went 1. Can you understand the use of compound indefinite pronouns? 2. Can you make sentences with compound indefinite pronouns? 3. Can you form the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbs correctly? 4. Can you use the simple past tense correctly? 缺音频 没有答案 1. Use indefinite pronouns and the simple past tense to write a short passage about one of your weekend experiences. 2. Preview Section B(1a-2c) on pages 46-47. 缺音频 没有答案 $