2026年中考英语专题复习讲义——介词（二）

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦介词辨析专题，系统覆盖by/until、from...to...等11个中考核心考点，按时间、范围、支持反对等功能模块构建知识体系。通过“考点精讲+速记口诀+典型例题+举一反三”教学流程，结合真题训练帮助学生突破用法差异难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 亮点在于“口诀记忆+对比辨析”教学策略，如用“against反，for挺”口诀区分支持反对介词，结合闯关训练培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特设基础巩固与能力提升分层练习，配合即时反馈机制，确保高效复习，助力教师精准把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

中考英语专题复习讲义——介词（二） 考点1：by/until（时间终点） ●用法精讲： by：表示动作完成的截止时间（"在……之前完成"），如：by tomorrow（截至明天）。 until：表示动作持续到某一时间点（"直到……才停止"），如：wait until 10 PM（等到晚上10点）。 ●速记口诀：by 表截止，until 表持续。 ●典型例题： Submit the report ___ Friday. (by) The shop is open ___ 9 PM. (until) ●举一反三： Finish the task ___ next week. (by) He slept ___ noon. (until) ___ when will you stay? (Until) 考点2：from...to.../between...and...（时间范围） ●用法精讲： from...to...：表示连续时间段的起点和终点（from Monday to Friday）。 between...and...：强调两个时间点之间的任意时间（between 2 PM and 4 PM）。 ●速记口诀：from to 连续段，between and 任意点。 ●典型例题： Classes run ___ 8 AM ___ 5 PM. (from, to) You can visit ___ 10 AM ___ 3 PM. (between, and) ●举一反三： Work hours are ___ 9 ___ 6. (from, to) Call me ___ 7 ___ 9 tonight. (between, and) The event lasts ___ June ___ August. (from, to) 考点3：against/for（支持与反对） ●用法精讲： against：反对、对抗（vote against, fight against）。 for：支持、赞成（vote for, argue for）。 ●速记口诀：against 反，for 挺。 ●典型例题： He voted ___ the proposal. (against) We campaigned ___ animal rights. (for) ●举一反三： The team played ___ the champion. (against) She is ___ increasing salaries. (for) Protest ___ pollution. (against) 考点4：despite/in spite of（尽管） ●用法精讲： despite和in spite of：都表示"尽管"，后接名词或短语，可互换。 区别：in spite of 更正式，despite 更简洁。 ●速记口诀：despite = in spite of，尽管后接名词短语。 ●典型例题： ___ the rain, we went hiking. (Despite/In spite of) He succeeded ___ his injuries. (in spite of) ●举一反三： ___ her fear, she spoke loudly. (Despite) ___ being tired, he finished the race. (In spite of) ___ the delay, we arrived on time. (Despite) 考点5：according to/in terms of（依据与方面） ●用法精讲： according to：根据（某信息源），如：according to the news。 in terms of：在……方面，如：in terms of cost。 ●速记口诀：according to 据来源，in terms of 表方面。 ●典型例题： ___ the map, we are close. (According to) ___ quality, this is the best. (In terms of) ●举一反三： ___ the teacher, the exam is easy. (According to) ___ experience, he is qualified. (In terms of) ___ size, it's too big. (In terms of) 考点6：instead of/in place of（替代） ●用法精讲： instead of：代替（后接被替换的内容），如：drink water instead of soda。 in place of：正式替代（常指职位或职能），如：She will teach in place of Mr. Lee。 ●速记口诀：instead of 替事物，in place of 替职能。 ●典型例题： Use olive oil ___ butter. (instead of) A new manager will work ___ John. (in place of) ●举一反三： We walked ___ driving. (instead of) He acted ___ the captain. (in place of) Choose tea ___ coffee. (instead of) 考点7：because of/owing to（归因） ●用法精讲： because of：直接原因（后接具体名词或动名词）。 owing to：正式原因（多用于书面语），如：The flight was delayed owing to fog。 ●速记口诀：because of 口语因，owing to 书面因。 ●典型例题： ___ his help, I passed the test. (Because of) ___ technical issues, the show was canceled. (Owing to) ●举一反三： ___ heavy snow, schools closed. (Because of) ___ financial problems, they sold the house. (Owing to) She resigned ___ health reasons. (owing to) 考点8：up/down（方向） ●用法精讲： up：向上（climb up the hill）。 down：向下（walk down the stairs）。 ●速记口诀：up 向上，down 向下。 ●典型例题： The balloon floated ___ into the sky. (up) Tears ran ___ her face. (down) ●举一反三： Go ___ the street to find it. (up) The river flows ___ to the sea. (down) Slide ___ the slope. (down) 考点9：past/beyond（超过） ●用法精讲： past：时间或地点上的"超过"（walk past the bank, half past ten）。 beyond：抽象或范围外的"超越"（beyond belief, beyond the mountains）。 ●速记口诀：past 超时地，beyond 超范围。 ●典型例题： The bus drove ___ the stop. (past) His skill is ___ comparison. (beyond) ●举一反三： It's ten minutes ___ eight. (past) The problem is ___ my ability. (beyond) The village is ___ the river. (beyond) 考点10：within/beyond（能力范围） ●用法精讲： within：在能力/时间/空间范围内（within reach, within a week）。 beyond：超出能力/范围（beyond control, beyond repair）。 ●速记口诀：within 范围内，beyond 范围外。 ●典型例题： The solution is ___ our grasp. (within) The damage is ___ repair. (beyond) ●举一反三： Answer ___ 30 minutes. (within) It's ___ my understanding. (beyond) Keep the noise ___ limits. (within) 考点11：with（复合结构） ●用法精讲： with + 名词 + 分词/形容词/介词短语：构成独立主格结构，表伴随状况或原因。 例如：with tears in her eyes（含泪）；with the door locked（门锁着）。 ●速记口诀：with 带复合结构，表伴随或原因。 ●典型例题： He slept ___ the window open. (with) She ran away ___ him chasing her. (with) ●举一反三： ___ the exam over, we celebrated. (With) ___ no time left, he rushed out. (With) Stand ___ your hands up. (with) 介词辨析闯关训练 说明：从 A、B、C、D 中选择最佳答案。 1.The project must be completed ___ tomorrow. A. by B. until C. for D. since 2.The concert is scheduled ___ 7 PM ___ 10 PM. A. from...to B. between...and C. during...for D. since...until 3.They argued ___ stricter laws. A. for B. against C. about D. by 4.___ the heat, they continued working. A. Despite B. Because of C. Owing to D. Due to 5.The failure was ___ poor planning. A. due to B. because of C. in spite of D. against 6.___ cost, this option is cheaper. A. According to B. In terms of C. Due to D. Instead of 7.We use bikes ___ cars to reduce pollution. A. instead of B. in place of C. due to D. because of 8.The match was canceled ___ heavy rain. A. owing to B. because of C. despite D. against 9.The children are playing ___ the house. A. outside B. inside C. along D. beyond 10.Flowers bloom ___ the path. A. along B. throughout C. against D. beyond 11.___ the details, I'll explain later. A. As for B. Regarding C. Owing to D. Instead of 12.Walk ___ the hill to see the view. A. up B. down C. past D. beyond 13.The ship sailed ___ the horizon. A. past B. beyond C. within D. up 14.This task is ___ my current skills. A. within B. beyond C. past D. against 15.He sat quietly ___ his eyes closed. A. with B. by C. for D. against 【答案】 1.A (by)→ 截止时间用 "by"。 2.A (from...to)→ 连续时间段用 "from...to"。 3.A (for)→ 支持某主张用 "for"。 4.A (Despite)→ "尽管" 后接名词短语。 5.A (due to)→ 正式原因作表语。 6.B (In terms of)→ 表示"在……方面"。 7.A (instead of)→ 替代事物用 "instead of"。 8.A (owing to)→ 正式原因。 9.A (outside)→ 在外部。 10.A (along)→ 沿着路径。 11.A (As for)→ 转换话题。 12.A (up)→ 向上行走。 13.B (beyond)→ 超越地平线（范围外）。 14.B (beyond)→ 超出能力范围。 15.A (with)→ 复合结构表伴随状态。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $