2026年中考英语专题复习讲义——介词（一）

中考英语专题复习讲义——介词（一） 考点1：at / on / in (时间) ●用法精讲： at: 用于具体时刻、年龄、短暂时间段 (at 7:00, at noon, at night, at the age of 15)。 on: 用于具体的某一天、日期、星期几、带修饰语的特定时间段 (on Monday, on June 1st, on a rainy day, on Christmas Eve)。 in: 用于较长的时间段，如月份、年份、季节、世纪、一天中的上午/下午/晚上 (in May, in 2023, in summer, in the 21st century, in the morning/afternoon/evening)。 ●速记口诀：点用at (时刻、点)，日用on (某天)，年月季节都用in。 ●典型例题： We usually have breakfast ___ seven o'clock. (at) The World Cup final will be held ___ Sunday. (on) ●举一反三： My birthday is ___ August. (in) The meeting starts ___ 2:30 PM. (at) We went camping ___ a sunny weekend. (on) 考点2：at / in / on (地点) ●用法精讲： at: 表示在一个具体的点或小地点 (at home, at the bus stop, at the door)。 in: 表示在较大的、有边界或范围的空间内部 (in China, in the park, in the classroom)。 on: 表示在物体的表面上，或在街道/路线上 (on the desk, on the wall, on Main Street)。 ●速记口诀：点小用at，大内用in，表面、路上用on。 ●典型例题： I'll meet you ___ the library entrance. (at) There are many fish ___ the river. (in) ●举一反三： Please put your books ___ the shelf. (on) She lives ___ London. (in) The accident happened ___ the highway. (on) 考点3：for / since (时间段起点) ●用法精讲： for: 后接时间段，表示动作持续了多长时间 (for two hours, for a week)。 since: 后接时间点，表示动作从过去某个时间点开始持续到现在 (since 1990, since last Monday, since he left)。 ●速记口诀：for接段，since接点。 ●典型例题： I have studied English ___ five years. (for) He has been here ___ 9 AM. (since) ●举一反三： We haven't seen each other ___ ages. (for) It has rained ___ yesterday morning. (since) She waited ___ an hour. (for) 考点4：during / in (时间段内) ●用法精讲： during: 强调在某段时间内发生了什么事 (during the summer, during the meeting)。 in: 侧重说明某事发生在某段时间内的某个时候 (in the morning, in 2020, in his childhood)。 当时间段较长且泛指时，两者有时可互换，但during更强调“期间”。 ●速记口诀：during强调“期间”，in表“在……内”。 ●典型例题： He fell asleep ___ the lecture. (during) Many changes happened ___ the last century. (in) ●举一反三： We traveled a lot ___ the holidays. (during) The flowers bloom ___ spring. (in) ___ the exam, keep quiet. (During) 考点5：between / among (两者 vs. 三者及以上) ●用法精讲： between: 通常指在两者之间 (between A and B)。 among: 指在三者或三者以上之间，或在一群人或事物之中 (among the trees, among friends)。 ●速记口诀：两者之间用between，三者以上或群体中用among。 ●典型例题： The river flows ___ the two mountains. (between) She felt comfortable ___ her classmates. (among) ●举一反三： Choose ___ these options. (between) The secret was shared only ___ us three. (among) There is a path ___ the woods. (among) 考点6：above / over / below / under (上下关系) ●用法精讲： above: 在……上方，不接触 (above the clouds)。 over: 在……正上方（可能接触或不接触），覆盖、越过 (over the bridge, over the table)。 below: 在……下方，不接触 (below zero)。 under: 在……正下方（通常接触或覆盖），受控 (under the bed, under the leadership)。 ●速记口诀：above/below不接触，over/under正上下（常接触或覆盖）。 ●典型例题： The temperature is ___ freezing point. (below) The plane flew ___ the city. (over) ●举一反三： Hang the picture ___ the sofa. (above) The cat hid ___ the car. (under) She put a blanket ___ the sleeping child. (over) 考点7：across / through (穿过) ●用法精讲： across: 横穿、穿过平面或表面 (across the street, across the desert)。 through: 穿过内部空间或障碍物 (through the forest, through the window)。 ●速记口诀：表面横穿用across，内部穿过用through。 ●典型例题： We walked ___ the park to get to the museum. (through) The dog ran ___ the road. (across) ●举一反三： Light comes in ___ the glass. (through) He swam ___ the river. (across) We drove ___ the tunnel. (through) 考点8：by / with (方式、工具) ●用法精讲： by: 表示方式、方法、交通工具（不加冠词） (by bus, by hand, by doing)。 with: 表示使用具体工具、手段或伴随 (with a pen, with hard work, with my friends)。 ●速记口诀：by表方式交通，with用工具伴随。 ●典型例题： He goes to work ___ subway. (by) She writes ___ a pencil. (with) ●举一反三： We solved the problem ___ teamwork. (with) The letter was sent ___ airmail. (by) He cut the cake ___ a knife. (with) 考点9：except / besides (除外)●用法精讲： except: 除……之外（不包括在内） (Everyone came except Tom.)。 besides: 除……之外（还有，包括在内） (Besides English, he speaks French.)。 ●速记口诀：except不包括，besides包括。 ●典型例题： I like all fruits ___ durian. (except) ___ cooking, she enjoys painting. (Besides) ●举一反三： All the students passed ___ one. (except) ___ the cost, it takes a lot of time. (Besides) He has no hobbies ___ watching TV. (except) 考点10：to / for (方向、目的、对象) ●用法精讲： to: 表示方向（到……地方）、动作对象（给……）、时间（到……点）、比较（比……） (go to school, give it to me, from 9 to 5, prefer tea to coffee)。 for: 表示目的（为了……）、对象（对……来说）、原因（因为……）、时间段（持续……） (study for exam, good for health, thank you for help, wait for an hour)。 ●速记口诀：to表方向对象时间比，for表目的对象原因期。 ●典型例题： This gift is ___ you. (for) We flew ___ Paris last week. (to) ●举一反三： It's time ___ lunch. (for) He apologized ___ being late. (for) She walked ___ the park. (to) 考点11：in front of / in the front of (前面) ●用法精讲： in front of: 在……（外部）的前面 (in front of the building)。 in the front of: 在……（内部）的前部 (in the front of the classroom)。 ●速记口诀：in front of外部前，in the front of内部前。 ●典型例题： There's a tree ___ my house. (in front of) The teacher stands ___ the classroom. (in the front of) ●举一反三： The car is parked ___ the store. (in front of) He sits ___ the bus. (in the front of) Please wait ___ the line. (in front of) 考点12：behind / after (后面、之后) ●用法精讲： behind: 表示位置在……后面 (behind the door)。 after: 表示时间在……之后，或顺序在……之后 (after dinner, after you)。 表示追赶时，两者有时可互换 (run after/behind)。 ●速记口诀：behind指位置后，after表时间后或顺序后。 ●典型例题： The sun sets ___ the mountains. (behind) We'll go shopping ___ lunch. (after) ●举一反三： Your name comes ___ mine on the list. (after) The dog ran ___ the cat. (after) There is a garden ___ the house. (behind) 考点13：like / as (像、作为) ●用法精讲： like: 像……一样（介词，后接名词/代词/动名词） (look like, work like a machine)。 as: 作为……（介词，后接职业、身份等）；像……一样（连词，后接句子） (as a student, as he said)。 ●速记口诀：like像（介词），as作（介词）或像（连词）。 ●典型例题： She sings ___ an angel. (like) He works ___ a doctor. (as) ●举一反三： ___ I told you, it's difficult. (As) Do it ___ this. (like) ___ your teacher, I advise you to study harder. (As) 考点14：of / about (关于、属于) ●用法精讲： of: 表示所属关系、部分与整体关系、材料、来源等 (a map of China, a piece of cake, made of wood, die of hunger)。 about: 表示关于、涉及、大约（时间、数量） (talk about sports, a book about history, about 100 people, at about 5 o'clock)。 ●速记口诀：of表所属材料来源因，about表关于话题大约数。 ●典型例题： The cover ___ the book is torn. (of) They are talking ___ their vacation. (about) ●举一反三： The city ___ Venice is famous. (of) He knows nothing ___ it. (about) It happened ___ two years ago. (about) 考点15：with / without (伴随、没有) ●用法精讲： with: 和……一起，带有，用 (go with me, a room with a view, write with a pen)。 without: 没有，不带 (without money, without saying a word)。 ●速记口诀：with有/伴随，without无。 ●典型例题： She entered the room ___ a smile. (with) You can't buy it ___ money. (without) ●举一反三： He left ___ telling anyone. (without) Coffee ___ sugar, please. (without) I agree ___ you. (with) 介词闯关训练 说明：从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案填空。 1.My birthday is ___ July 15th. A. in B. on C. at D. for 2.The library is ___ the end of the street. A. at B. in C. on D. to 3.They have been friends ___ childhood. A. for B. since C. from D. during 4.She read a book ___ the flight. A. during B. for C. in D. since 5.The secret is kept ___ the three of us. A. between B. among C. in D. through 6.The picture is hanging ___ the fireplace. A. above B. over C. on D. under 7.The train passed ___ the mountains. A. across B. through C. over D. by 8.He made the model ___ paper and glue. A. by B. with C. from D. of 9.Everyone went to the party ___ John. A. besides B. except C. without D. from 10.This medicine is good ___ your cough. A. to B. for C. at D. with 11.The driver sits ___ the bus. A. in front of B. in the front of C. behind D. after 12.Please line up ___ me. A. behind B. after C. before D. beside 13.He looks ___ his father. A. as B. like C. about D. of 14.I heard a story ___ an ancient king. A. of B. about C. for D. with 15.Can you do it ___ any help? A. with B. without C. within D. beyond 【答案】 1.B (on)→ 用于具体日期。 2.A (at)→ 表示在街道尽头这个具体的点。 3.B (since)→ 后接时间点（childhood），表示从那时起到现在。 4.A (during)→ 强调在飞行期间。 5.B (among)→ 在三者之间。 6.A (above)→ 在壁炉上方，不接触。 7.B (through)→ 穿过山体内部。 8.B (with)→ 使用具体工具（paper and glue）。 9.B (except)→ 除John外（不包括）。 10.B (for)→ 表示对咳嗽有益。 11.B (in the front of)→ 在公交车内部的前部。 12.A (behind)→ 站在我后面（位置）。 13.B (like)→ 像他父亲（介词）。 14.B (about)→ 关于一位古代国王的故事。 15.B (without)→ 没有任何帮助。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $