精品解析：广东省茂名市高州市2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

高州市2025~2026学年度第一学期高二质量监测 英语 （试卷满分：130分，考试时间：120分钟） 2025.11.12 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；回答非选择题时，用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 4. 本卷主要命题范围：选择性必修第一册。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A For over twenty years, fried chicken had been my absolute favourite food. I would have it at least three times a week, whether it was from a fast-food joint, a local diner, or even homemade. I planned my outings around places that served delicious fried chicken. There were times when I tried to cut back on it, especially when I started to gain some weight, but I always ended up giving in to it within a few days. This year, a series of events changed my relationship with fried chicken forever. I began experiencing frequent stomachaches and indigestion (消化不良). Doctors couldn’t directly link these problems to fried chicken, but I noticed that every time I ate it, my discomfort worsened. Additionally, I started to realize that the once-mouthwatering smell and taste now left a heavy, greasy (油腻) feeling in my mouth that I couldn’t ignore. One evening, after finishing a large bucket of fried chicken, I felt so sick that I couldn’t sleep well all night. That was the turning point. I decided that enough was enough. Why was it so hard to let go before? Is there really something addictive in fried chicken? While there’s no official” fried chicken addiction” listed in medical books, experts point out factors that could contribute to its attraction. Dr. Johnson from a nutrition research centre mentions two key reasons: the high-fat content and the combination of spices. The high-fat content makes the brain release “happy chemicals” (endorphins), making us feel good, while the unique spices excite our taste buds, making us want more. Now, I’m on Day 35 of my “fried-chicken-free” journey. The first week was tough. I had strong desires and even felt a bit down at times. But as the days passed, I started to feel better. My stomach problems became less frequent, and I even noticed that I had more energy. I’m really proud of myself for breaking this long-standing habit. If I can overcome my love for fried chicken, I believe I can overcome any other challenging habit in my life. 1. What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. Fried chicken was only a small part of the author’s diet. B. The author had a deep and long-lasting love for fried chicken. C. The author never worried about the health risks of eating fried chicken. D. The author successfully reduced the intake of fried chicken several times. 2. What caused the author to give up fried chicken? A. A doctor’s strict order. B. A friend’s advice on a healthier diet. C. A newfound dislike for the smell of chicken. D. Health problems and an unpleasant feeling after eating. 3 What makes fried chicken appealing? A. Its low price and availability. B. Its cultural popularity and advertising. C. Its fat content and spice mix. D. Its cooking methods and appearance. 4. How does the author feel about giving up fried chicken? A. Uncertain. B. Confused. C. Satisfied. D. Regretful. B It was obvious with Pinocchio. Every time he told a lie his nose grew longer. But for the rest of us in real life, the result of telling lies isn’t so evident. Is it possible that there are unseen consequences to dishonesty? Since lies are carried by speech, and speech originates in the brain, is it possible that telling lies results in changes in the brain that are not outwardly observable? Psychologists Julia Lee and Ashley Hardin wanted to find out. Drs. Lee and Hardin set up a series of studies to explore the question of dishonesty, with 250 pairs of individuals. In each pair, one was assigned (分派) the task of either lying or telling the truth. The other member of the pair was instructed to evaluate the emotions of the lying or truth-telling partner. Each of the partners was then assigned the task of evaluating the emotions of the other partner. The research found that subjects who were asked to be dishonest were significantly worse at detecting the emotional state of their partners than those who told the truth. Surprisingly, the small, seemingly unimportant moments of dishonesty clouded an individual’s ability to read the emotions of another individual later on. To determine how well the participants could read other people’s emotions, the researchers then had the subjects watch a series of short video clips. In the clips, actors expressed a wide range of emotions in their facial expressions, voices, and body languages. The participants were then asked to identify the emotional state of the actors. Once again, across all the experimental studies, the researchers consistently found that those who were tempted to, and likely did lie, ended up performing worse on the test of empathetic accuracy than those who didn’t lie. We live in a world where businesses, social life, and personal relationships depend on the ability of individuals to interact well with other people. And to interact with them we often need to be able to determine their emotions. As most of us learned in kindergarten: it’s important to tell the truth! 5. What is the aim of the studies? A. To explore the motive for lying. B. To explain the Pinocchio Effect. C. To test if lying causes brain changes. D. To teach people how to detect lies. 6. What does the underlined word “clouded” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Improved. B. Cleared. C. Monitored. D. Weakened. 7. What were the participants asked to do in the studies? A. To learn body languages. B. To make faces. C. To identify different emotions. D. To rate others’ performances. 8. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The application of the study. B. The necessity of being honest. C The complexity of social interaction. D. The reasons for telling lies. C When hunters wiped out most fruit eating birds in the tropical forest of Lambir Hills National Park by the 1990s, the skies grew duller — and in a few years so did the forest. Without birds to spread their seeds, the diversity of fruit-producing plants dropped, showing the critical importance of seed dispersal (分散传播) for ecosystem health. The movement of seeds across the landscape in animals’ guts (肠道) is a “glue that keeps ecological communities together,” says Jordi Bascompte, an ecologist at the University of Zurich. However, a team states that at least one-third of European plant species could be in trouble because more than one-third of seed-dispersing animal species are ranked as threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) or are decreasing in numbers, which could harm the ability of plants to expand their range to deal with climate change or recover after wildfire. For example, the garden warbler, a common migratory bird that spreads the seeds of60 plant species, is decreasing across Europe. Although the study does not detail how the crisis is affecting ecosystems in that IUCN assessments haven’t yet been conducted for 67% of the plant species, researchers did find that more than 60% of the plants had five or fewer animals that eat and spread their seeds, which could make them particularly sensitive to the decrease or disappearance of any of these critical seed dispersers. And some plants do seem to be in big trouble. The authors came up with a list of nearly 80 “very high concern” interactions, in which both the plant and the animal are threatened or decreasing. “We need to make sure we’re looking after the dispersers that are doing a lot of the work,” Andy says. “Despite the massive data set, much remains unknown about the extent of the problem. It’s a mystery which animals move the seeds of some rare plants, for instance — in spite of centuries of natural history observations in Europe.” Even for common, well-studied species, it’s not always obvious which dispersers are most important and whether other species might take over if they were to decrease or disappear. There are some similar cases on other continents, too, including North America. But the picture there is even less clear. 9. What can be inferred from Jordi Bascompte’s words? A. The spread of seeds plays a vital role in ecosystem health. B. All seeds rely on animals’ guts to get dispersed. C. The movement of animals is more important than that of seeds for ecological balance. D. Animals carry the seeds to keep ecological communities together. 10. Which of the following techniques is NOT used to make the article more persuasive? A. Listing numbers. B. Making comparisons. C. Quoting views. D. Giving examples. 11. Which opinion will Andy agree with? A. European scientists have done a great job for centuries. B. What matters most is to find out all the dispersers. C. Dispersers need a large amount of work to be looked after well. D. It is still unknown which dispersers certain plants are missing. 12. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Seed Disperser Decreases Threaten Europe’s Plants B. Some Plants Are Facing the Danger of Dying Out C. Ecosystem Health Relies on Seed Dispersers in Many Aspects D. Dispersing Animal Species Are ranked as Threatened 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes the best way to get through the tough times in life is to take a lighthearted approach. ____13____ Go to play. Adult responsibilities like paying bills or busy schedules can make life feel too serious. Sometimes, we need to break free and have a little fun. Who said playtime was just for kids? ____14____ In fact, setting aside time to just have fun can do wonders for your well-being. Playfulness helps relieve stress, improve brain health and creativity, and strengthen relationships. ____15____ Life often throws us into tense situations, causing physical and emotional stress. But you can take some of that pressure off with a little laughter. It brings all kinds of benefits, like higher life satisfaction, self-esteem, job performance, creativity, social bonding, and emotional adjustment. So, make a little time for laughter, whether it’s to phone a friend that makes you smile or watch a comedy that makes you feel happy. Lighten your load (负担). ____16____ Forgiveness can help lighten your emotional load. Letting go of these negative emotions brings peace and hope. But forgiveness doesn’t have to mean forgetting or excusing harm done to you. Instead, it frees you from its control. It can lead to many positive outcomes, including stronger relationships, improved mental and physical health and a stronger sense of self. ____17____ A. Make room for laughter. B. Smile at the little mistakes. C. Though challenging, it helps you move forward positively. D. Let’s take a look at how to be lighthearted and why it matters. E. Getting older doesn’t mean taking things so seriously all the time. F. Holding onto anger and pain from past hurts can weigh you down. G. Even if it doesn’t come naturally, anyone can develop a more cheerful outlook. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “I loved the feeling of swimming outside, in the fresh air, fully immersed (沉浸) in nature.” Melanie Barratt, an unusual swimmer, ___18___ it into the record books by swimming across the English Channel unaided. This was the first time a ___19___ woman had achieved this. Melanie, who was born with congenital toxoplasmosis (先天性弓形虫病), leaving her sightless in her left eye and with ___20___ vision in the other, loved swimming from an early age. As a talented teenager she was ___21___ by British Blind Sport and selected for the national swimming team. She went on to win several ___22___ for swimming at the Atlanta 1996 and Sydney 2000 Paralympics. ___23___, she had thought it impossible to swim across the English Channel as it was a huge challenge to swim for long in open water without knowing where she was heading, even if she could ___24___ the cold and the distance. To ___25___ this, she practised swimming alongside her husband, Richard, in his kayak (皮船). Communication was a ___26___ for them. “My husband couldn’t talk to me while I was swimming and was unable to give me any ____27____.” Fortunately, they found a ____28____ in a wireless radio system that connected to bone conducting headphones, allowing Richard to ____29____ her while she swam. To make better ____30____, she even had a barrel full of cold water in the garden to help build her tolerance to the temperature when she couldn’t practise in open water. Not only for her own enjoyment, taking on the challenge was also about making the sport more ____31____ to people with sight loss. Melanie has started up a Facebook group “Blind Swim Buddies” where more and more people register as volunteers and state what kind of ____32____ activity they do. 18. A. entered B. placed C. made D. broke 19. A. deaf B. sighted C. silly D. blind 20. A. normal B. limited C. perfect D. remarkable 21. A. cheated B. fascinated C. criticized D. spotted 22 A. coins B. medals C. rewards D. elections 23. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile 24. A. deal with B. suffer from C. draw on D. stand for 25. A. quit B. transform C. overcome D. welcome 26. A. responsibility B. pleasure C. struggle D. success 27. A. direction B. command C. comfort D. energy 28. A. solution B. chance C. plan D. sound 29. A. teach B. follow C. accompany D. guide 30. A. preparations B. reaction C. senses D. patience 31. A. challenging B. appropriate C. accessible D. affordable 32. A. eye B. school C. space D. water 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese people have appreciated the beauty of lanterns since Han Dynasty. And it is customary ____33____ (admire) the charm of lanterns during Lantern Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Lantern shows are held throughout the country ____34____ such occasions. Shows are held on snow and ice in Northeast China, ____35____ ice sculptures create a fairytale of light and color. Mentioning Chinese lanterns would not be complete without making mention of a city in Sichuan province, Zigong, often ____36____ (describe) as the City of Lanterns. The custom of enjoying lanterns on festivals began in Zigong as early as the Tang Dynasty. Most Chinese lanterns ____37____ (make) with wire structures and fabric coverings. To add to its beauty, Zigong craftsmen also use ____38____ (variety) of materials, such as silk, paper, bamboo and even porcelain. Lantern ____39____ (produce) is now a driving force for the local economy. At annual Zigong Lantern Show, visitors gather in Zigong to enjoy lanterns, as well as other recreational activities. The clever hands of Zigong craftsmen have also taken this ____40____ (nation) intangible heritage abroad, ____41____ (present) wonders of color and delight at lantern shows in more than 70 countries and regions worldwide. Zigong lanterns are now _____42_____ name card for their hometown and motherland. 第三部分 课本基础知识（共两节，满分17.5分） 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 请根据所给中文提示填写单词的正确形式，每空一词。 43. He is more interested in the practical aspects of the subject than in the __________(学术的) theories. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 44. Water is a __________ (液体) at room temperature and has a relatively high freezing point. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 45. His ________ (缺席) from school today is due to a high fever. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 46. Relevant information is ______ (可获得的) on the school network. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. I remember loving to go there and just ______ (闲逛) around. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48 She ________ (贴标签) the bottles of homemade jam with the date she made them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. The boy has a strong desire for a smartphone with a large __________ (内部的) memory to play games. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. The sad boy lay in bed and fixed his eyes on the ________ (天花板). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. Oxygen will react with nearly all ____________ (有机的) materials and metals. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. They focus on keeping their ________ (土壤) rich and free of disease. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第二节 完成句子（共5小题，每空0.5分，满分7.5分） 请根据所给中文完成句子，每空一词。 53. 在欧洲度过一段时间后，他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院谋得研究员一职。 After spending time in Europe, he finally ________ ________ a ________ as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. 54. 明天整个下午，我们将一直就一些环境问题进行讨论。 We ________ ________ ________ a discussion on some environmental issues all afternoon tomorrow. 55. 事实是这种产品能吸引各种各样有不同需求和目标的消费者。 The truth is ___________ the product can ___________ ___________ a variety of consumers who may have different needs and goals. 56. 它在与他人交流中起着重大的作用。 It plays a great role in ________ ________ ________. 57. 据估计，这项工程将持续四年。 ________ the project will last four years. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 58. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My parents do a lot of embarrassing things! Usually, it’s my dad who sings silly songs or tells jokes around my friends. But a few weeks ago, it was my mother who played the embarrassing-parent role. While my mom and I were shopping, we ran into my teacher, who mentioned the school didn’t have a music teacher to help our class put together a performance for Winter Fair. And, then my mom said, “I know the perfect song and dance. I’ll teach it to the kids!” Before I could say “Please don’t”, my mom had agreed to come to my class every morning at 9:30 for a week. Oh, and just to be clear, it’s not as if she’s a professional entertainer. My parents run a small grocery store, and the only singing my mom does is in the shower. “Mom,” I said on our way home, “Are you sure this is such a good idea?” “Of course!” she said. “If we want your school Winter Fair to happen, people need to step up and volunteer.” She laughed, “We will have fun!” “OK, kids!” my teacher said at 9:28 on Monday. “We’re going to stop silent reading a little early today because a special guest is here to help us with a performance for Winter Fair. Let’s all welcome Arizona’s mother.” I looked up to discover my mom standing in the front of the room wearing the world’s silliest hat. “I’m super excited to be here with you!” my mom said, “I’m going to teach you a fun little song-and-dance performance I learned a few years ago. Here goes!” Oh please, oh please, I said over and over in my head, let there be a fire drill, or a power failure, or anything to stop my mom from completely embarrassing herself-and me! But apparently, my mom was not at all concerned about looking silly. She turned on some background music and started singing and dancing away. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I can’t believe this is happening” was all I could think. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My mom turned out to be very good at performing. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高州市2025~2026学年度第一学期高二质量监测 英语 （试卷满分：130分，考试时间：120分钟） 2025.11.12 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；回答非选择题时，用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 4. 本卷主要命题范围：选择性必修第一册。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A For over twenty years, fried chicken had been my absolute favourite food. I would have it at least three times a week, whether it was from a fast-food joint, a local diner, or even homemade. I planned my outings around places that served delicious fried chicken. There were times when I tried to cut back on it, especially when I started to gain some weight, but I always ended up giving in to it within a few days. This year, a series of events changed my relationship with fried chicken forever. I began experiencing frequent stomachaches and indigestion (消化不良). Doctors couldn’t directly link these problems to fried chicken, but I noticed that every time I ate it, my discomfort worsened. Additionally, I started to realize that the once-mouthwatering smell and taste now left a heavy, greasy (油腻的) feeling in my mouth that I couldn’t ignore. One evening, after finishing a large bucket of fried chicken, I felt so sick that I couldn’t sleep well all night. That was the turning point. I decided that enough was enough. Why was it so hard to let go before? Is there really something addictive in fried chicken? While there’s no official” fried chicken addiction” listed in medical books, experts point out factors that could contribute to its attraction. Dr. Johnson from a nutrition research centre mentions two key reasons: the high-fat content and the combination of spices. The high-fat content makes the brain release “happy chemicals” (endorphins), making us feel good, while the unique spices excite our taste buds, making us want more. Now, I’m on Day 35 of my “fried-chicken-free” journey. The first week was tough. I had strong desires and even felt a bit down at times. But as the days passed, I started to feel better. My stomach problems became less frequent, and I even noticed that I had more energy. I’m really proud of myself for breaking this long-standing habit. If I can overcome my love for fried chicken, I believe I can overcome any other challenging habit in my life. 1. What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. Fried chicken was only a small part of the author’s diet. B. The author had a deep and long-lasting love for fried chicken. C. The author never worried about the health risks of eating fried chicken. D. The author successfully reduced the intake of fried chicken several times. 2. What caused the author to give up fried chicken? A. A doctor’s strict order. B. A friend’s advice on a healthier diet. C. A newfound dislike for the smell of chicken. D. Health problems and an unpleasant feeling after eating. 3. What makes fried chicken appealing? A. Its low price and availability. B. Its cultural popularity and advertising. C. Its fat content and spice mix. D. Its cooking methods and appearance. 4. How does the author feel about giving up fried chicken? A. Uncertain. B. Confused. C. Satisfied. D. Regretful. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因健康问题决定戒掉长期喜爱的炸鸡。作者通过分析炸鸡的成瘾性，分享了自己戒掉习惯的过程和感受，最终体会到战胜困难后的成就感。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For over twenty years, fried chicken had been my absolute favourite food. I would have it at least three times a week, whether it was from a fast-food joint, a local diner, or even homemade. I planned my outings around places that served delicious fried chicken. (二十多年来，炸鸡一直是我最喜欢的食物。我每周至少要吃三次，不管是在快餐店、当地餐馆，甚至是在家里做的。我计划我的外出活动都围绕着有美味炸鸡的地方。)”可知，作者对炸鸡有着深厚且持久的喜爱。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I began experiencing frequent stomachaches and indigestion (消化不良). Doctors couldn’t directly link these problems to fried chicken, but I noticed that every time I ate it, my discomfort worsened. Additionally, I started to realize that the once-mouthwatering smell and taste now left a heavy, greasy (油腻的) feeling in my mouth that I couldn’t ignore. One evening, after finishing a large bucket of fried chicken, I felt so sick that I couldn’t sleep well all night. That was the turning point. I decided that enough was enough.(我开始经常感到胃痛和消化不良。医生无法直接将这些问题与炸鸡联系起来，但我注意到每次吃炸鸡时，我的不适感都会加重。此外，我开始意识到，曾经令人垂涎的气味和味道现在在我的嘴里留下了一种我无法忽视的沉重、油腻的感觉。一天晚上，吃完一大桶炸鸡后，我感到非常恶心，整晚都睡不好。那是转折点。我决定够了就是够了。)”可知，健康问题和吃炸鸡后的不适感使作者决定放弃炸鸡。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Dr. Johnson from a nutrition research centre mentions two key reasons: the high-fat content and the combination of spices. The high-fat content makes the brain release “happy chemicals” (endorphins), making us feel good, while the unique spices excite our taste buds, making us want more. (来自营养研究中心的约翰逊博士提到了两个关键原因：高脂肪含量和香料的组合。高脂肪含量使大脑释放“快乐化学物质”(内啡肽)，使我们感觉良好，而独特的香料刺激我们的味蕾，使我们想要更多。)”可知，炸鸡的吸引力主要来自于其高脂肪含量和香料的组合。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But as the days passed, I started to feel better. My stomach problems became less frequent, and I even noticed that I had more energy. I’m really proud of myself for breaking this long-standing habit. (但随着日子一天天过去，我开始感觉好多了。我的胃问题变得不那么频繁了，我甚至注意到我有更多的精力。我为自己打破了这个长期的习惯而感到非常自豪。)”可知，作者放弃炸鸡之后，感觉好多了，胃的问题也不频繁了，同时更有精神，由此而感到自豪即对自己放弃炸鸡感到满意。C选项“Satisfied (感到满意的)”符合题意。故选C。 B It was obvious with Pinocchio. Every time he told a lie his nose grew longer. But for the rest of us in real life, the result of telling lies isn’t so evident. Is it possible that there are unseen consequences to dishonesty? Since lies are carried by speech, and speech originates in the brain, is it possible that telling lies results in changes in the brain that are not outwardly observable? Psychologists Julia Lee and Ashley Hardin wanted to find out. Drs. Lee and Hardin set up a series of studies to explore the question of dishonesty, with 250 pairs of individuals. In each pair, one was assigned (分派) the task of either lying or telling the truth. The other member of the pair was instructed to evaluate the emotions of the lying or truth-telling partner. Each of the partners was then assigned the task of evaluating the emotions of the other partner. The research found that subjects who were asked to be dishonest were significantly worse at detecting the emotional state of their partners than those who told the truth. Surprisingly, the small, seemingly unimportant moments of dishonesty clouded an individual’s ability to read the emotions of another individual later on. To determine how well the participants could read other people’s emotions, the researchers then had the subjects watch a series of short video clips. In the clips, actors expressed a wide range of emotions in their facial expressions, voices, and body languages. The participants were then asked to identify the emotional state of the actors. Once again, across all the experimental studies, the researchers consistently found that those who were tempted to, and likely did lie, ended up performing worse on the test of empathetic accuracy than those who didn’t lie. We live in a world where businesses, social life, and personal relationships depend on the ability of individuals to interact well with other people. And to interact with them we often need to be able to determine their emotions. As most of us learned in kindergarten: it’s important to tell the truth! 5. What is the aim of the studies? A. To explore the motive for lying. B. To explain the Pinocchio Effect. C. To test if lying causes brain changes. D. To teach people how to detect lies. 6. What does the underlined word “clouded” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Improved. B. Cleared. C. Monitored. D. Weakened. 7. What were the participants asked to do in the studies? A. To learn body languages. B. To make faces. C. To identify different emotions. D. To rate others’ performances. 8. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The application of the study. B. The necessity of being honest. C. The complexity of social interaction. D. The reasons for telling lies. 【答案】5. C 6. D 7. C 8. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了心理学家Julia Lee和Ashley Hardin通过一系列研究来探索不诚实行为是否会导致大脑发生变化，并阐述了研究的发现以及诚实的重要性。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Since lies are carried by speech, and speech originates in the brain, is it possible that telling lies results in changes in the brain that are not outwardly observable? Psychologists Julia Lee and Ashley Hardin wanted to find out. (既然谎言是通过言语传递的，而言语又起源于大脑，那么说谎是否可能会导致大脑发生无法从外部观察到的变化？心理学家Julia Lee和Ashley Hardin想要找出答案)”和第三段中“Drs. Lee and Hardin set up a series of studies to explore the question of dishonesty, with 250 pairs of individuals. (Lee博士和Hardin博士设计了一系列关于诚信问题的研究，共邀请了250组参与者)”可知，研究的目的是测试说谎是否会导致大脑发生变化。故选C项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The research found that subjects who were asked to be dishonest were significantly worse at detecting the emotional state of their partners than those who told the truth.(研究发现，被要求说谎的受试者，在辨识同伴情绪状态方面的表现远逊于诚实者)”可知，不诚实会削弱一个人后来读取另一个人情绪的能力。故划线词所在句“Surprisingly, the small, seemingly unimportant moments of dishonesty clouded an individual’s ability to read the emotions of another individual later on.(令人惊讶的是，那些看似微不足道的不诚实行为，竟会clouded个体后续解读他人情绪的能力)”中“clouded”意为“削弱，弱化”，与D项“Weakened”意思相近。故选D项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“To determine how well the participants could read other people’s emotions, the researchers then had the subjects watch a series of short video clips. In the clips, actors expressed a wide range of emotions in their facial expressions, voices, and body languages. The participants were then asked to identify the emotional state of the actors.(为了确定参与者能多好地读懂他人的情绪，研究人员让受试者观看一系列短片。在视频中，演员们通过面部表情、声音和肢体语言表达了广泛的情绪。然后要求参与者识别演员的情绪状态)”可知，参与者被要求识别不同的情绪。故选C项。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“We live in a world where businesses, social life, and personal relationships depend on the ability of individuals to interact well with other people. And to interact with them we often need to be able to determine their emotions. As most of us learned in kindergarten: it’s important to tell the truth!(我们生活在一个商业、社交和个人关系都依赖于个人与他人良好互动能力的世界。为了与他们互动，我们常常需要能够判断他们的情绪。正如我们大多数人在幼儿园学到的那样：说真话很重要!)”可知，最后一段主要讲了诚实的必要性。故选B项。 C When hunters wiped out most fruit eating birds in the tropical forest of Lambir Hills National Park by the 1990s, the skies grew duller — and in a few years so did the forest. Without birds to spread their seeds, the diversity of fruit-producing plants dropped, showing the critical importance of seed dispersal (分散传播) for ecosystem health. The movement of seeds across the landscape in animals’ guts (肠道) is a “glue that keeps ecological communities together,” says Jordi Bascompte, an ecologist at the University of Zurich. However, a team states that at least one-third of European plant species could be in trouble because more than one-third of seed-dispersing animal species are ranked as threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) or are decreasing in numbers, which could harm the ability of plants to expand their range to deal with climate change or recover after wildfire. For example, the garden warbler, a common migratory bird that spreads the seeds of60 plant species, is decreasing across Europe. Although the study does not detail how the crisis is affecting ecosystems in that IUCN assessments haven’t yet been conducted for 67% of the plant species, researchers did find that more than 60% of the plants had five or fewer animals that eat and spread their seeds, which could make them particularly sensitive to the decrease or disappearance of any of these critical seed dispersers. And some plants do seem to be in big trouble. The authors came up with a list of nearly 80 “very high concern” interactions, in which both the plant and the animal are threatened or decreasing. “We need to make sure we’re looking after the dispersers that are doing a lot of the work,” Andy says. “Despite the massive data set, much remains unknown about the extent of the problem. It’s a mystery which animals move the seeds of some rare plants, for instance — in spite of centuries of natural history observations in Europe.” Even for common, well-studied species, it’s not always obvious which dispersers are most important and whether other species might take over if they were to decrease or disappear. There are some similar cases on other continents, too, including North America. But the picture there is even less clear. 9. What can be inferred from Jordi Bascompte’s words? A. The spread of seeds plays a vital role in ecosystem health. B. All seeds rely on animals’ guts to get dispersed. C. The movement of animals is more important than that of seeds for ecological balance. D Animals carry the seeds to keep ecological communities together. 10. Which of the following techniques is NOT used to make the article more persuasive? A. Listing numbers. B. Making comparisons. C. Quoting views. D. Giving examples. 11. Which opinion will Andy agree with? A. European scientists have done a great job for centuries. B. What matters most is to find out all the dispersers. C. Dispersers need a large amount of work to be looked after well. D. It is still unknown which dispersers certain plants are missing. 12. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Seed Disperser Decreases Threaten Europe’s Plants B. Some Plants Are Facing the Danger of Dying Out C. Ecosystem Health Relies on Seed Dispersers in Many Aspects D. Dispersing Animal Species Are ranked as Threatened 【答案】9. A 10. B 11. D 12. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了动物对传播种子的重要作用以及因为动物数量的减少，欧洲植物受到的威胁。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The movement of seeds across the landscape in animals’ guts (肠道) is a “glue that keeps ecological communities together,” says Jordi Bascompte, an ecologist at the University of Zurich.(苏黎世大学的生态学家乔迪·巴斯科姆特表示，动物肠道内种子的移动“就像一种黏合剂，维系着生态系统的各个组成部分”)”可以推论出，种子的传播对生态系统的健康起着至关重要的作用。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Although the study does not detail how the crisis is affecting ecosystems in that IUCN assessments haven’t yet been conducted for 67% of the plant species, researchers did find that more than 60% of the plants had five or fewer animals that eat and spread their seeds, which could make them particularly sensitive to the decrease or disappearance of any of these critical seed dispersers.(尽管该研究并未详细说明这场危机对生态系统造成了何种影响（因为针对 67% 的植物物种尚未进行国际自然保护联盟的评估），但研究人员确发现，超过 60% 的植物有 5 种或更少的动物会食用这些植物并传播其种子，这可能使这些植物对任何这些关键的种子传播者数量减少或消失的情况特别敏感)”；第二段“For example, the garden warbler, a common migratory bird that spreads the seeds of60 plant species, is decreasing across Europe.(例如，园鹀是一种常见的候鸟，它能传播60种植物的种子，但在欧洲各地其数量正在逐渐减少)”；在第一段引用了Jordi Bascompte的观点“The movement of seeds across the landscape in animals’ guts (肠道) is a “glue that keeps ecological communities together,” says Jordi Bascompte, an ecologist at the University of Zurich.( 苏黎世大学的生态学家乔迪·巴斯科姆特表示，动物肠道内种子的移动“就像一种黏合剂，维系着生态系统的各个组成部分”)”可知，作者没有通过对比进行论述。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““We need to make sure we’re looking after the dispersers that are doing a lot of the work,” Andy says. “Despite the massive data set, much remains unknown about the extent of the problem. It’s a mystery which animals move the seeds of some rare plants, for instance — in spite of centuries of natural history observations in Europe.”(“我们必须确保照料好那些承担了大量传播工作的种子传播者，” 安迪说。“尽管拥有海量数据，但关于这个问题的严重程度，仍有许多未知之处。例如，尽管欧洲已有数百年的自然历史观测记录，但哪些动物会传播某些珍稀植物的种子，至今仍是个谜。)”可以推论出，目前尚不清楚某些植物缺少哪种传播者。故选D。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When hunters wiped out most fruit eating birds in the tropical forest of Lambir Hills National Park by the 1990s, the skies grew duller — and in a few years so did the forest. Without birds to spread their seeds, the diversity of fruit-producing plants dropped, showing the critical importance of seed dispersal (分散传播) for ecosystem health.(20世纪90年代，当猎人将兰比尔山国家公园热带森林中的大多数食果鸟类捕杀殆尽后，天空变得暗淡无光——仅仅几年之后，这片森林也变得沉寂了。由于没有鸟类来传播种子，能结出果实的植物种类也随之减少，这表明种子传播对于生态系统的健康至关重要。苏黎世大学的生态学家乔迪·巴斯科姆特表示，动物肠道内种子的移动“就像一种黏合剂，维系着生态系统的各个组成部分”)”以及本文主要讲述了动物对传播种子的重要作用以及因为动物数量的减少，欧洲植物受到的威胁。所以，用A项“种子传播者的减少威胁着欧洲的植物”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes the best way to get through the tough times in life is to take a lighthearted approach. ____13____ Go to play. Adult responsibilities like paying bills or busy schedules can make life feel too serious. Sometimes, we need to break free and have a little fun. Who said playtime was just for kids? ____14____ In fact, setting aside time to just have fun can do wonders for your well-being. Playfulness helps relieve stress, improve brain health and creativity, and strengthen relationships. ____15____ Life often throws us into tense situations, causing physical and emotional stress. But you can take some of that pressure off with a little laughter. It brings all kinds of benefits, like higher life satisfaction, self-esteem, job performance, creativity, social bonding, and emotional adjustment. So, make a little time for laughter, whether it’s to phone a friend that makes you smile or watch a comedy that makes you feel happy. Lighten your load (负担). ____16____ Forgiveness can help lighten your emotional load. Letting go of these negative emotions brings peace and hope. But forgiveness doesn’t have to mean forgetting or excusing harm done to you. Instead, it frees you from its control. It can lead to many positive outcomes, including stronger relationships, improved mental and physical health and a stronger sense of self. ____17____ A. Make room for laughter. B. Smile at the little mistakes. C. Though challenging, it helps you move forward positively. D. Let’s take a look at how to be lighthearted and why it matters. E. Getting older doesn’t mean taking things so seriously all the time. F. Holding onto anger and pain from past hurts can weigh you down. G. Even if it doesn’t come naturally, anyone can develop a more cheerful outlook. 【答案】13. D 14. E 15. A 16. F 17. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何以轻松的态度应对生活挑战，探讨了玩乐、笑声和原谅对个人幸福感及健康的重要影响。 【13题详解】 根据上文的“Sometimes the best way to get through the tough times in life is to take a lighthearted approach.(有时候，度过生活中艰难时刻的最好方法是采取轻松的方式。)”可知，这句话引出了整个文章的主题，即以轻松的态度面对生活中的困难，结合下文中的“Go to play.(去玩。)”以及“Lighten your load (负担).(减轻你的负担。)”可知，此空应起到承上启下的作用，引出下文要讲述的如何以轻松的方式面对生活中的困难，D选项“Let’s take a look at how to be lighthearted and why it matters.(让我们来看看如何变得轻松愉快，以及为什么这很重要。)”讲述的内容承接上文的话题，且开启下文对如何保持轻松心态及其重要性的探讨，符合语境。故选D项。 【14题详解】 根据上文的“Sometimes, we need to break free and have a little fun. Who said playtime was just for kids?(有时候，我们需要挣脱束缚，找点乐子。谁说游戏时间是孩子的专利？)”可知，此处建议人们需要找点乐子，而且指明玩乐时间不是孩子的专属，由此可推断，此空讲述的内容应涉及到成人玩乐的内容，E选项“Getting older doesn’t mean taking things so seriously all the time.(年龄增长并不意味着总是把事情看得那么严肃。)”回应了上文的问题，并鼓励读者不要因为年龄增长而忽视了娱乐的重要性，符合语境。故选E项。 【15题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合其他段落的主题句“Go to play.(去玩。)”以及“Lighten your load (负担).(减轻你的负担。)可知，此处应为祈使句，结合下文的“Life often throws us into tense situations, causing physical and emotional stress. But you can take some of that pressure off with a little laughter.(生活经常让我们陷入紧张的境地，造成身体和精神上的压力。但是你可以用一点笑声来减轻压力。)”以及“So, make a little time for laughter, whether it’s to phone a friend that makes you smile or watch a comedy that makes you feel happy.(所以，留出一点欢笑的时间，无论是给一个让你微笑的朋友打电话，还是看一部让你感到快乐的喜剧。)”可知，本段讨论了笑声和娱乐活动对个人健康和人际关系的好处，建议人们留出欢笑的时间，A选项“Make room for laughter.(给笑声留点空间。)”为祈使句，且概括了本段的内容，符合语境。故选A项。 【16题详解】 根据本段的主题句“Lighten your load (负担).(减轻你的负担。)”可知，本段讲述的是如何减轻负担，结合下文的“Forgiveness can help lighten your emotional load. Letting go of these negative emotions brings peace and hope. But forgiveness doesn’t have to mean forgetting or excusing harm done to you.(宽恕可以帮助减轻你的情绪负担。放下这些负面情绪会带来平静和希望。但宽恕并不一定意味着忘记或原谅对你造成的伤害。)”可知，此处是对空格讲述内容的进一步解释，并涉及到了对你造成伤害的事情，F选项“Holding onto anger and pain from past hurts can weigh you down.(对过去伤害的愤怒和痛苦耿耿于怀会拖累你。)”提到了“过去的伤害”的态度，从而引出下文讲述的如何减轻负担，符合语境。故选F项。 【17题详解】 分析语篇，此处应是对上文内容的总结，根据上文的“But forgiveness doesn’t have to mean forgetting or excusing harm done to you. Instead, it frees you from its control. It can lead to many positive outcomes, including stronger relationships, improved mental and physical health and a stronger sense of self.(但宽恕并不一定意味着忘记或原谅对你造成的伤害。相反，它把你从它的控制中解放出来。它可以带来许多积极的结果，包括更牢固的人际关系，改善精神和身体健康，以及更强的自我意识。)”可知，此处讲述了宽恕的意义以及它如何帮助人们摆脱负面情绪的影响，C选项“Though challenging, it helps you move forward positively.(虽然具有挑战性，但它能帮助你积极地前进。)”中的it指的是forgiveness，讲述的内容对上文进行了总结，也呼应了文章整体的积极信息。故选C项。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “I loved the feeling of swimming outside, in the fresh air, fully immersed (沉浸) in nature.” Melanie Barratt, an unusual swimmer, ___18___ it into the record books by swimming across the English Channel unaided. This was the first time a ___19___ woman had achieved this. Melanie, who was born with congenital toxoplasmosis (先天性弓形虫病), leaving her sightless in her left eye and with ___20___ vision in the other, loved swimming from an early age. As a talented teenager she was ___21___ by British Blind Sport and selected for the national swimming team. She went on to win several ___22___ for swimming at the Atlanta 1996 and Sydney 2000 Paralympics. ___23___, she had thought it impossible to swim across the English Channel as it was a huge challenge to swim for long in open water without knowing where she was heading, even if she could ___24___ the cold and the distance. To ___25___ this, she practised swimming alongside her husband, Richard, in his kayak (皮船). Communication was a ___26___ for them. “My husband couldn’t talk to me while I was swimming and was unable to give me any ____27____.” Fortunately, they found a ____28____ in a wireless radio system that connected to bone conducting headphones, allowing Richard to ____29____ her while she swam. To make better ____30____, she even had a barrel full of cold water in the garden to help build her tolerance to the temperature when she couldn’t practise in open water. Not only for her own enjoyment taking on the challenge was also about making the sport more ____31____ to people with sight loss. Melanie has started up a Facebook group “Blind Swim Buddies” where more and more people register as volunteers and state what kind of ____32____ activity they do. 18. A. entered B. placed C. made D. broke 19. A. deaf B. sighted C. silly D. blind 20. A. normal B. limited C. perfect D. remarkable 21. A. cheated B. fascinated C. criticized D. spotted 22. A. coins B. medals C. rewards D. elections 23. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile 24. A. deal with B. suffer from C. draw on D. stand for 25. A. quit B. transform C. overcome D. welcome 26. A. responsibility B. pleasure C. struggle D. success 27. A. direction B. command C. comfort D. energy 28. A. solution B. chance C. plan D. sound 29. A. teach B. follow C. accompany D. guide 30. A. preparations B. reaction C. senses D. patience 31. A. challenging B. appropriate C. accessible D. affordable 32. A. eye B. school C. space D. water 【答案】18. C 19. D 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了盲人游泳运动员梅兰妮·巴拉特克服身体障碍，通过不懈努力和特殊辅助设备，成功横渡英吉利海峡的励志故事。她不仅为自己赢得荣誉，还致力于推动视障人士体育运动的发展。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位与众不同的游泳者梅兰妮·巴雷特通过无辅助横渡英吉利海峡而载入史册。A. entered进入；B. placed放置；C. made制作；D. broke打破。根据下文“it into the record books by swimming across the English Channel unaided”可知，此处指她创下了纪录，make it into the record books表示“创下纪录，载入史册”符合语境。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一位盲人女性首次实现这一目标。A. deaf聋的；B. sighted有视力的；C. silly愚蠢的；D. blind盲的。根据后文“leaving her sightless in her left eye”可知，梅兰妮左眼失明，右眼视力有限，所以她是一位盲人女性。故选D项。 【20题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：梅兰妮出生时患有先天性弓形虫病，导致她左眼失明，另一只眼睛视力有限。A. normal正常的；B. limited有限的；C. perfect完美的；D. remarkable非凡的。根据上文“leaving her sightless in her left eye”以及语境可知，梅兰妮左眼失明，右眼视力应该是有限的。故选B项。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名有天赋的青少年，她被英国盲人体育发现并选入国家游泳队。A. cheated欺骗；B. fascinated迷住；C. criticized批评；D. spotted发现。根据后文“by British Blind Sport and selected for the national swimming team”可知，梅兰妮被英国盲人体育发现并选入国家游泳队。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她继续在1996年亚特兰大和2000年悉尼残奥会上获得多项游泳奖牌。A. coins硬币；B. medals奖牌；C. rewards奖励；D. elections选举。根据后文“for swimming at the Atlanta 1996 and Sydney 2000 Paralympics”可知，梅兰妮在残奥会上获得的是游泳奖牌。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她曾认为横渡英吉利海峡是不可能的，因为即使在开放水域游泳很长距离时，她能忍受寒冷和距离，但不知道自己要去哪里，这对她来说是一个巨大的挑战。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Meanwhile同时。上文提到梅兰妮在残奥会上获奖，后文说她曾认为横渡英吉利海峡是不可能的，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，她曾认为横渡英吉利海峡是不可能的，因为即使在开放水域游泳很长距离时，她能忍受寒冷和距离，但不知道自己要去哪里，这对她来说是一个巨大的挑战。A. deal with处理、忍受；B. suffer from遭受；C. draw on利用；D. stand for代表。根据后文“the cold and the distance”可知，此处指忍受寒冷和距离，应用deal with。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了克服这一点，她和丈夫理查德一起在他的皮划艇上练习游泳。A. quit停止；B. transform转换；C. overcome克服；D. welcome欢迎。根据后文“she practised swimming alongside her husband, Richard, in his kayak”可知，梅兰妮和丈夫一起练习游泳是为了克服横渡英吉利海峡的困难。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，交流是一件很困难的事情。A. responsibility责任；B. pleasure快乐；C. struggle挣扎、斗争；D. success成功。根据后文“My husband couldn’t talk to me while I was swimming”可知，梅兰妮游泳时丈夫不能和她说话，所以沟通对他们来说是一件难事。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我游泳时我丈夫不能和我说话，也不能给我任何方向指示。A. direction方向；B. command命令；C. comfort安慰；D. energy能量。根据上文“without knowing where she was heading”可知，梅兰妮游泳时不知道方向，丈夫也不能给她方向指示。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他们找到了一个解决方案，那就是一个连接到骨传导耳机的无线广播系统，让理查德在她游泳时引导她。A. solution解决方案；B. chance机会；C. plan计划；D. sound声音。根据后文“in a wireless radio system that connected to bone conducting headphones”可知，他们找到了一个无线广播系统的解决方案。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他们找到了一个解决方案，那就是一个连接到骨传导耳机的无线广播系统，让理查德在她游泳时引导她。A. teach教学；B. follow跟随；C. accompany陪伴；D. guide引导。根据上文“My husband couldn’t talk to me while I was swimming and was unable to give me any direction.”可知，梅兰妮游泳时丈夫不能给她方向指示，所以这个无线广播系统让理查德在她游泳时引导她。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了做好更好的准备，她甚至在花园里放了一桶冷水，当她不能在开放水域练习时，帮助她培养对温度的耐受性。A. preparations准备；B. reaction反应；C. senses感觉；D. patience耐心。根据后文“she even had a barrel full of cold water in the garden to help build her tolerance to the temperature”可知，梅兰妮在花园里放冷水是为了做好更好的准备。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接受挑战不仅是为了自己的享受，也是为了让视力受损的人更容易接触到这项运动。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. appropriate适当的；C. accessible可接近的、可得到的；D. affordable负担得起的。根据后文“to people with sight loss”以及语境可知，梅兰妮接受挑战也是为了让视力受损的人更容易接触到这项运动，即让这项运动对视力受损的人来说更容易获得。故选C项。 32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅兰妮创建了一个Facebook群组“盲人游泳伙伴”，越来越多的人注册成为志愿者，并说明他们从事什么水上活动。A. eye眼睛；B. school学校；C. space空间；D. water水。根据上文“Blind Swim Buddies”以及语境可知，这个群组是关于游泳的，所以志愿者们说明的是他们从事什么水上活动。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese people have appreciated the beauty of lanterns since Han Dynasty. And it is customary ____33____ (admire) the charm of lanterns during Lantern Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Lantern shows are held throughout the country ____34____ such occasions. Shows are held on snow and ice in Northeast China, ____35____ ice sculptures create a fairytale of light and color. Mentioning Chinese lanterns would not be complete without making mention of a city in Sichuan province, Zigong, often ____36____ (describe) as the City of Lanterns. The custom of enjoying lanterns on festivals began in Zigong as early as the Tang Dynasty. Most Chinese lanterns ____37____ (make) with wire structures and fabric coverings. To add to its beauty, Zigong craftsmen also use ____38____ (variety) of materials, such as silk, paper, bamboo and even porcelain. Lantern ____39____ (produce) is now a driving force for the local economy. At annual Zigong Lantern Show, visitors gather in Zigong to enjoy lanterns, as well as other recreational activities. The clever hands of Zigong craftsmen have also taken this ____40____ (nation) intangible heritage abroad, ____41____ (present) wonders of color and delight at lantern shows in more than 70 countries and regions worldwide. Zigong lanterns are now _____42_____ name card for their hometown and motherland. 【答案】33. to admire 34. on 35. where 36. described 37. are made 38. varieties 39. production 40. national 41. presenting 42. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国灯笼文化。 【33题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在元宵节和中秋节欣赏灯笼的魅力是一种习俗。“It is +形容词+ to do sth.”为常用句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以此处用to admire。故填to admire。 【34题详解】 考查介词。句意：在这样的场合，全国各地都会举办灯展。“on... occasions”为固定搭配，意为“在……场合”，所以此处填on。故填on。 【35题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在中国东北，灯会在冰雪上举行，在那里冰雕营造出一个光与色的童话世界。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Northeast China”，表示地点，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导该定语从句。故填where。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：提到中国灯笼，就不能不提到四川省的一座城市——自贡，它常被称为“灯城”。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词“would not be”，describe需用非谓语形式。describe与逻辑主语“Zigong”之间是被动关系，即“自贡被称为”，所以用过去分词described作后置定语。故填described。 【37题详解】 考查动词语态和时态。句意：大多数中国灯笼是用金属丝结构和织物覆盖物制作而成的。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时。“Most Chinese lanterns”与“make”之间是被动关系，即“灯笼被制作”，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are +过去分词”，主语“Most Chinese lanterns”是复数，所以用are made。故填are made。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：为了增添其美感，自贡的工匠们还使用各种材料，如丝绸、纸张、竹子甚至瓷器。“varieties of...”为固定短语，意为“各种各样的……”，所以此处用varieties。故填varieties。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：灯笼制作现在是当地经济的一个驱动力。根据空前的“Lantern”及空后的“is”可知，此处应用名词production作主语，意为“生产，制作”，不可数。故填production。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：自贡工匠们的巧手还将这一国家级非物质文化遗产带到了国外，在全球70多个国家和地区的灯展上展示色彩的奇妙与欢乐。此处修饰名词“intangible heritage”，应用形容词national，意为“国家的，国家级的”。故填national。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：自贡工匠们的巧手还将这一国家级非物质文化遗产带到了国外，在全球70多个国家和地区的灯展上展示色彩的奇妙与欢乐。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词“have taken”，present需用非谓语形式。present与逻辑主语“The clever hands of Zigong craftsmen”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词presenting作伴随状语。故填presenting。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：自贡灯笼现在是它们家乡和祖国的一张名片。“name card”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一张名片”，且“name”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 第三部分 课本基础知识（共两节，满分17.5分） 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 请根据所给中文提示填写单词的正确形式，每空一词。 43. He is more interested in the practical aspects of the subject than in the __________(学术的) theories. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】academic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他对这门学科的实践方面比对学术理论更感兴趣。根据汉语提示“学术的”可知，应用形容词academic作定语修饰名词theories。故填academic。 44. Water is a __________ (液体) at room temperature and has a relatively high freezing point. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】liquid 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：水在室温下液体，冰点相对较高。根据汉语提示可知应用名词liquid，作表语，不定冠词a提示为单数。故填liquid。 45. His ________ (缺席) from school today is due to a high fever. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】absence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他今天缺课是因为发高烧。根据汉语提示“缺席”可知，此处为名词absence，作主语。故填absence。 46. Relevant information is ______ (可获得的) on the school network. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】available 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：相关信息可在学校网络上找到。空格处用形容词作表语，“可获得的”的形容词是available，故填available。 47 I remember loving to go there and just ______ (闲逛) around. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】wander 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我记得我喜欢去那里，四处逛逛。“闲逛”是wander，和go并列，都是不定式，因此空格处用原形，故填wander。 48. She ________ (贴标签) the bottles of homemade jam with the date she made them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】labelled 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：她把自制的果酱瓶贴上制作日期的标签。设空处使用动词作谓语，句中with the date she made them可知，贴标签这个动作发生在过去。label的过去式是labelled。故填labelled。 49. The boy has a strong desire for a smartphone with a large __________ (内部的) memory to play games. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】internal 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个男孩非常想要一部大容量的智能手机来玩游戏。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应填形容词internal意为“内部的”，作定语修饰空后名词memory。故填internal。 50. The sad boy lay in bed and fixed his eyes on the ________ (天花板). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】ceiling 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：那个悲伤的男孩躺在床上，眼睛盯着天花板。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填名词ceiling，意为“天花板”，且为可数名词单数，在此处特指房间的天花板，故用其原形。故填ceiling。 51. Oxygen will react with nearly all ____________ (有机的) materials and metals. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】organic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：氧气会与几乎所有有机材料和金属发生反应。根据汉语提示“有机的”可知，本空用形容词organic，修饰materials，作前置定语。故填organic。 52. They focus on keeping their ________ (土壤) rich and free of disease. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】soil 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们专注于保持他们的土壤肥沃和无病害。根据汉语提示“土壤”可知，此处用名词soil，作keeping的宾语。故填soil。 第二节 完成句子（共5小题，每空0.5分，满分7.5分） 请根据所给中文完成句子，每空一词。 53. 在欧洲度过一段时间后，他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院谋得研究员一职。 After spending time in Europe, he finally ________ ________ a ________ as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. 【答案】 ①. took ②. up ③. position 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。根据汉语提示，表示“担任……的职务”用take up a position as。句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填took up；position。 54. 明天整个下午，我们将一直就一些环境问题进行讨论。 We ________ ________ ________ a discussion on some environmental issues all afternoon tomorrow. 【答案】 ①. will ②. be ③. having 【解析】 【详解】考查将来进行时。根据汉语提示，表示“进行讨论”用have a discussion，根据后文的all afternoon tomorrow可知，句子表述在将来某刻持续发生的动作，应该使用将来进行时。故填will be having。 55. 事实是这种产品能吸引各种各样有不同需求和目标的消费者。 The truth is ___________ the product can ___________ ___________ a variety of consumers who may have different needs and goals. 【答案】 ①. that ②. appeal ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句和短语。第一空引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导；第二空和第三空表示“吸引”短语为appeal to，且can后跟动词原形。故填①that；②appeal；③to。 56. 它在与他人交流中起着重大的作用。 It plays a great role in ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. communicating ②. with ③. others 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“与……交流”为communicate with，作介词in的宾语，应用动名词形式；表示“他人”应用others。故填communicating with others。 57. 据估计，这项工程将持续四年。 ________ the project will last four years. 【答案】It is estimated that 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“据估计……”句型为It is estimated that…，it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语，由下文的一般将来时可知，主句用一般现在时。故填It is estimated that。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 58. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My parents do a lot of embarrassing things! Usually, it’s my dad who sings silly songs or tells jokes around my friends. But a few weeks ago, it was my mother who played the embarrassing-parent role. While my mom and I were shopping, we ran into my teacher, who mentioned the school didn’t have a music teacher to help our class put together a performance for Winter Fair. And, then my mom said, “I know the perfect song and dance. I’ll teach it to the kids!” Before I could say “Please don’t”, my mom had agreed to come to my class every morning at 9:30 for a week. Oh, and just to be clear, it’s not as if she’s a professional entertainer. My parents run a small grocery store, and the only singing my mom does is in the shower. “Mom,” I said on our way home, “Are you sure this is such a good idea?” “Of course!” she said. “If we want your school Winter Fair to happen, people need to step up and volunteer.” She laughed, “We will have fun!” “OK, kids!” my teacher said at 9:28 on Monday. “We’re going to stop silent reading a little early today because a special guest is here to help us with a performance for Winter Fair. Let’s all welcome Arizona’s mother.” I looked up to discover my mom standing in the front of the room wearing the world’s silliest hat. “I’m super excited to be here with you!” my mom said, “I’m going to teach you a fun little song-and-dance performance I learned a few years ago. Here goes!” Oh please, oh please, I said over and over in my head, let there be a fire drill, or a power failure, or anything to stop my mom from completely embarrassing herself-and me! But apparently, my mom was not at all concerned about looking silly. She turned on some background music and started singing and dancing away. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I can’t believe this is happening” was all I could think. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My mom turned out to be very good at performing. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One Possible Version “I can’t believe this is happening” was all I could think. I closed my eyes, covered my ears and shrank as low as I possibly could in my chair. After a few seconds, though. I gathered courage to uncover one ear and peek through a half-open eye. That’s when I saw the expression of pure joy on my mom’s face. She was having so much fun that I couldn’t help smiling. My classmates clapped and cheered, and I heard someone say, “Wow! Arizona’s mother is pretty talented!” My mom turned out to be very good at performing. She was also good at teaching us the song and the dance steps. too. We learned quickly. By the time of the fair, I was actually proud of her for putting herself out there for us kids. Our performance at the Winter Fair was a huge success. As we drove home, I said to my mom, “I’m really glad you volunteered to help my class with the performance.” My mom reached back and squeezed my hand. “Thanks for saying that. I can see why you might have been embarrassed, but I had such a great time.” 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作者的父母常做些令人尴尬的事，一次购物时母亲得知学校冬季集市表演缺音乐老师，便主动请缨要教作者班级唱歌跳舞，作者虽不情愿但无法阻止，母亲在教室准备开始教学。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容““我简直不敢相信这种事正在发生”，这是我唯一能想到的。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到母亲开始表演时的反应。作者起初难以置信，闭眼捂耳躲避，后看到母亲开心表演，同学们鼓掌欢呼，还有人称赞母亲有才华，体现作者从尴尬到因母亲表演受认可态度的转变。 ②由第二段首句内容“结果证明，我妈妈非常擅长表演。”可知，第二段可描写母亲在教学及表演中的表现。母亲擅长教学，同学们学得快，冬季集市表演大获成功，作者为母亲骄傲并表达感谢，母亲回应，升华主题，突出作者对母亲的理解与认可。 2.续写线索：作者对母亲表演难以置信——看到母亲开心及同学反应——母亲擅长教学 ——冬季集市表演成功——作者向母亲表达感谢——母亲回应 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①松开： uncover/loosen ②鼓掌：clap /applaud ③教学：teach /instruct 情绪类： ①尴尬的：embarrassed /awkward ②高兴的：glad/happy /delighted 【点睛】【高分句型 1】As we drove home, I said to my mom, “I’m really glad you volunteered to help my class with the performance.”（运用了 as引导的时间状语从句以及省略引导词that的宾语从句作be glad的宾语） 【高分句型 2】I can see why you might have been embarrassed, but I had such a great time.（运用了why引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $