选修1 定语从句综合用法拓展whose表所属关系的用法及thenofwhich结构-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（沪教版）

ENGLISH-高中系列资料（沪教版） 选修1U3定语从句综合用法 考频分析 定语从句综合用法是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的5%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题型：单 项选择1-2题、完形填空23题、语法填空1-2题、阅读理解（间接考察，影响长难句理解）。在语境理解 类题目中，定语从句的关系词选择、whose表所属关系及the+n.+of which结构的转换往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对定语从句综合用法的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·关系代词与关系副词：that、which、who、whom、whose、when、where、why的指代对象与句法功能 辨析； ·whose表所属关系：whose引导定语从句时对人或物的所属关系表达，及与“the+n.+of which”结构 的转换； ·限定性与非限定性：限定性定语从句对先行词的修饰限定作用，非限定性定语从句的补充说明功能及逗 号使用规则。 精讲精练 知识点一：定语从句综合用法（拓展whose表所属关系的用法及“the+n.+of which”结构） ·定语从句基本概念（修饰名词代词，通常紧跟先行词） 一构成要素：先行词（被修饰的名词代词）+关系词（连接主句和从句，分关系代词副词） -例句：This is the book which I bought yesterday..(先行词book,关系代词which指代物，在从句中 作宾语)》 ·whose表所属关系的用法（指代先行词的“…的”，后接名词） 一适用对象：先行词为人或物 -例句：口This is the girl whose father is a doctor..(先行词the girl,whose指代“女孩的”，后接名词 father)☐We visited the house whose windows face south.(先行词the house,whose指代“房子 的”，后接名词windows) ·“the+n.+of which”结构（替代whose,表所属关系，先行词为物） -转换规则：whose+名词=the+名词+of which(which指代先行词) -例句：We visited the house the windows of which face south.(=whose windows,先行词the house 为物)☐He showed me the painting the color of which is bright.(=whose color,先行词the painting 为物)】 ·关系代词的选择（根据先行词及在从句中的成分） -指人：who(主/宾)、whom(宾)、that(主/宾)、whose(所属)→例句：The boy who is standing there is my brother. -指物：which(主/宾)、that(主/宾)、whose(所属)the+n.+of which→例句：The city which we visited last year is beautiful. 【即学即练】 1.【whose用法】The girl_hair is black is my deskmate. A.who B.whom C.whose D.which 2.【the+n.+of which转换】Ve live in a house _windows face east.(用the+n.+of which结构改写) 改写：Ne live in a house the windows_which face east, 3.【关系代词选择】The book_I borrowed from the library is very interesting A.who B.where C.which D.when 4.【所属关系辨析】判断正误：The boy the father of which is a teacher is my friend.(正确打V,错误打 ×) 5.【基本概念】定语从句的构成要素包括一（被修饰的名词代词）和一（连接主句和从句的词）。 高中|英语|沪教版 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（沪教版） 知识点二：定语从句进阶用法（非限制性定语从句及介词+关系代词结构）】 ·非限制性定语从句（补充说明，有逗号隔开，不可用that) 1.基本特征 一先行词为专有名词、整个主句或主句部分内容，从句与主句用逗号隔开 -关系代词不可用that,指人用who/whom/whose,指物用which/whose/the+n.+of which 2.例句 The Summer Palace,which is a famous scenic spot,attracts millions of visitors every year. 行词The Summer Palace为专有名词，逗号隔开，which指物) -口My brother,.who is a teacher,will come to see me this weekend.(先行词ly brother,who指 人作主语) -She passed the exam,which made her parents very happy..(which指代整个主句内容“通过考 试”) ·介词+关系代词结构（介词提前，指人用whom,指物用which) 1.适用场景 一关系代词在从句中作介词宾语，介词可提前至关系代词前 -常见搭配：动词+介词（如depend on、talk about)、名词+介词（如the key to、the solution to)、 形容词+介词（如different from、interested in) 2.结构及例句 -☐动词+介词+关系代词：The girl on whom you called yesterday is my classmate.(=whom you called on,call on sb.拜访某人) -口名词+介词+关系代词：I lost the key with which I opened the door..(=which I opened the door with,the key to..的钥匙) -口形容词+介词+关系代词：This is the book about which they are talking.(=which they are talking about,,talk about谈论) -口固定搭配不可拆分：The person whom you are looking for is in the office.(look for为固定短语， 介词for不可提前) ·关系副词的用法(when/where/why,在从句中作状语) 1.when(指时间，先行词为时间名词) -结构：先行词(time/year/day等)+when+从句（主谓完整） -例句：I still remember the day when I first came to this school..(先行词the day,.when在从句中 作时间状语) 2.where(指地点，先行词为地点名词) -结构：先行词(place/city/house等)+where+从句（主谓完整） -例句：This is the factory where my father works..(先行词the factory,where在从句中作地点状 语) 3.why(指原因，先行词为reason) -结构：先行词reason+why+从句（主谓完整） -例句：The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.(先行词the reason,why在从句中 作原因状语) 知识点三：定语从句难点解析（关系代词that的特殊用法及易混结构辨析） ·关系代词that的特殊用法（高频考点） 1.基本用法拓展（只能用that的情况）： -口先行词被序数词/最高级修饰一→例句：This is the first book that I bought in the bookstore.(先行 词被frst修饰) -口先行词被al/any/no/much/little等限定词修饰→例句：I have read all the novels that you lent me.(先行词被al修饰) -口先行词为人和物并列→例句：Ne talked about the teachers and schools that we visited last week.(先行词为teachers和schools) -口以疑问词who/which开头的特殊疑问句→例句：ho is the girl that is talking to our teacher? (who开头的疑问句) 2.不可用that的情况： -口非限制性定语从句中→例句：His new car,.which is red,was bought last month.(逗号隔开，不 可用that) -口介词+关系代词结构中→例句：The house in which he lived is now a museum.(介词in后不 可用that) ·易混结构辨析（高考高频易错） 1.whose vs.the +n.+of which -指物时互换：The building whose windows are broken=The building the windows of which are broken -区别点：whose可指人/物，the+n.+of which仅指物→例句：The boy whose father is a lawyer (不可用the father of which) 2.关系代词vs.关系副词 -关系代词(which/that/who):在从句中作主语/宾语→例句：I visited the city which has many old temples..(which作主语) -关系副词(where/when/why):在从句中作状语→例句：I visited the city where my grandparents lived.(where作地点状语) 3.asvs.which(非限制性定语从句) -as表“正如”，可位于句首→例句：As we know,the earth is round.(正如我们所知)》 -which指代整个主句，不可位于句首→例句：He passed the exam,which surprised us all.(which 指代主句内容) ·特殊先行词处理（高考难点） 1.先行词为time/moment/occasion -指时间点用when,指次数用that(可省略)→例句：I still remember the time when we first met. (时间点)/This is the second time(that)'ve been here.(次数) 2.先行词为case//situation/point -用where表抽象地点→例句：e are in a situation where we need to make a quick decision. (where指代in the situation) 3.先行词为way(表方式) -可用that/in which(可省略)→例句：Idon't like the way(that/in which)he speaks to his mother. 高中英语」沪教版 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（沪教版） 考法一：whose与the+n.+of which”结构转换 ·核心：根据先行词的属性（人或物），正确使用whose表所属关系，或转换为"he+n.+of which”结构（仅 适用于先行词为物) ·真题1（语法填空）： -The girlhair is golden is from England. -答案：whose解析：先行词the girl指人，空后接名词hair,需用whose表所属关系，意为”女孩的 头发”。 ·真题2（单选题）： We live in a housewindows face south. A.which B.whose C.the windows of which D.Band C -答案：B解析：先行词house指物，选项B”whose windows”表所属关系；选项C结构正确但题干中 已有windows”,重复导致语法错误，故只能选B。 考法二：whose与'the+n.+of which'结构转换及非限制性定语从句综合运用 ·核心：结合非限制性定语从句特征，判断先行词属性（人物)，正确选用whose或"the+n.+of which”结 构 ·真题1（语法填空）： The famous writer,-novels have been translated into 20 languages,will attend the book fair next week. -答案：whose解析：先行词The famous writer指人，非限制性定语从句中表所属关系需用whose,后 接名词novels(不可用"the novels of which”指人)。 ·真题2（单选题）： -The ancient temple,the roof__was damaged in the storm,is now under repair. A.whose B.which C.of which D.that -答案：C解析：先行词The ancient temple指物，非限制性定语从句中表所属关系可用"the roof of which”(=whose roof);因空格前已有名词roof,需用"of which”结构，且非限制性定语从句不可用 that 考法三：定语从句综合运用（融合所属关系表达、非限制性定语及介词+关系 代词结构) ·核心：结合先行词类型（人物）、从句功能（限定非限定）及成分需求（主语宾语状语所属），综合运 用whose/the+n.+of which、非限制性定语从句及介词+关系代词结构 ·真题1（单项选择）： The old town has narrow streets and small houses_are built close to each other. A.they B.where C.what D.that -答案：D解析：先行词为"streets and houses”(物)，从句中缺少主语，需用关系代词；此处为限制 性定语从句，先行词既有人又有物时用that,符合知识点一关系代词选择及知识点三that的特殊用法 (先行词为并列的人物时用that)。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -The company,-name is known worldwide,has opened a new branch in Shanghai.Its products, -quality is highly praised,are popular among young people. -答案：whose;whose解析：第一空先行词”company”为物，从句表所属关系”公司的名字”，非限制 性定语从句中用whose;第二空先行词"products”为物，”产品的质量”同样表所属，根据知识点 whose可指物，此处也可用"the quality of which”,但语法填空通常优先填whose。 高中|英语|沪教版 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（沪教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.This is the student-parents work in the hospital. A.who B.whom B.whose D.which 2.The museum,-we visited last week,has a large collection of ancient coins. A.where B.which B.that D.when 3.I still remember the day_I first met my English teacher. A.which B.where B.when D.that 4.The book_cover is red was written by a famous writer. A.which B.whose B.who D.where 5.He passed the exam,-made his family very happy. A.that B.which B.as D.what 6.This is the factory_my father has worked for 20 years. A.where B.which B.who D.when 7.The girl with_you talked just now is my cousin. A.who B.whom B.which D.that 8.We visited the village _houses were built 200 years ago. A.which B.where B.whose D.the houses of which 9.The reason_he was late for school was that he missed the bus. A.which B.why B.when D.where 10.This is the first time _I have seen such a beautiful sunset. A.when B.which B.that D.where 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The boy_is standing at the door is my brother. 2.This is the parkwe used to play basketball. 3.My sister,_is a doctor,will come back next month 4.The house_windows face north needs to be repainted 5.I don't like the way_he speaks to his classmates. 6.The novel _I read last week is very interesting. 7.She has two sons,both_are teachers 8.The city_we lived last year is very beautiful. 9.This is the pen _I wrote the letter. 10.The film,main actor is my favorite star,will be released next week. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Shanghai,_1_is one of the largest cities in China,attracts millions of visitors every year.Last summer, I visited Shanghai with my parents.We stayed in a hotel_2was located in the city center.On the first day,we went to the Bund,_3we saw many historic buildings.The guide_4we followed told us stories about the buildings-5were built in the 19th century. On the second day,we visited Disneyland,_6is known worldwide for its exciting rides.I met a girl _7_father works as a cartoonist in the park.She showed me around the park,_8made me very happy.In the evening,we watched a fireworks show,_9colors lit up the sky. This trip to Shanghai was unforgettable.It was a time_10I experienced new things and made new friends. 参考答案 演练一：单项选择 1.C2.B3.C4.B5.B6.A7.B8.C9.B10.C 演练二：填空试题 1.who/that2.where3.who4.whose5.that/in which(可省略) 6.which/that 7.of whom 8.where 9.with which 10.whose 演练三：语法填空 1.which 2.which/that 3.where 4.whom/who/that 5.which/that 6.which 7.whose 8.which 9.whose/the colors of which 10.when 高中|英语|沪教版