选修1 形容词副词的比较级最高级-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1形容词副词的比较级最高级、情态动词与虚拟语气、名词 性从句 考频分析 形容词副词的比较级最高级是高中英语词法的重要模块，考频占词法总量的10%左右，主要分布在核心 题型：单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（辅助理解语境，影响细节 题判断)。在语境理解类题目中，比较级和最高级的形式变化、修饰词搭配及语境应用往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对形容词副词比较级最高级的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·构成规则：规则变化（加-er-est,more/most)与不规则变化(good-better-best,badly-worse-worst等） 的辨析与正确形式： ·常用结构：原级(as.as,not so/as.as)、比较级(than,much/a little等修饰语)、最高级(of/in短语 及the的使用)的搭配与语境匹配； ·特殊用法：比较级表最高级含义（否定词+比较级）、倍数表达(A+倍数+比较级+than+B)、同级比 较的省略与替换。 精讲精练 知识点一：形容词副词的比较级最高级 ·1.规则变化 -一般情况：形容词/副词后加-er(比较级) 、-est(最高级)→例：fast-faster-→fastest; small-→smaller-→smallest -以不发音e结尾：加-r(比较级)、-st(最高级)→例：nicenicer-→nicest;large-larger-largest -以辅音字母+y结尾：变y为i加-erl-est→例：happy-happier-happiest;easy→easier-easiest -重读闭音节（辅元辅结构）：双写尾字母加-erl-est→例：big→bigger→biggest;hot-hotter-hottest ·2.不规则变化 -常见不规则变化词：good/well-better-best;bad/badly/ill-worse-worst;many/much-more-most; little→less-least;far→farther/further→farthest/.furthest -例句：口She is better at English than me.(good的比较级)口This is the worst movie I have ever seen.(bad的最高级) ·3.比较级用法 -两者比较用than连接：A+be/实义动词+比较级+than+B→例：Tom runs faster than Jim./This book is more interesting than that one. -“比较级+and+比较级”表“越来越.”→例：The weather is getting warmer and warmer.. ·4.最高级用法 -三者及以上比较用the+最高级+范围(in/of结构)→例：She is the tallest girl in her class./This is the most delicious food of all -“one of the-+最高级+名词复数”表“最…之一”→例：Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 【即学即练】 1.【规则变化】请写出"nappy”的比较级形式： 2.【不规则变化】请写出”bad”的最高级形式： 3.【比较级用法】选择正确答案：Tom runs_than Jim. A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest 4.【最高级用法】选择正确答案：She is_girl in her class. A.taller B.the tallest C.tallest D.tall 5.【特殊用法】”越来越冷”用英语表达为： 选修1|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：情态动词与虚拟语气 ·1.情态动词基本用法（能力、许可、推测等） 1.表能力(can/could/be able to) -can(现在/过去能力，could为过去式)；be able to(强调通过努力实现的能力，可用于各种时态) -例句：☐She can speak three languages.(现在能力)☐He could swim when he was five.(过去 能力)口They will be able to finish the project next month.(将来能力) 2.表许可(can/may/might/could) -can/may(口语常用，may更正式)；could/might(委婉请求，可能性更低) -例句：口You can use my dictionary..(非正式许可)口May I come in?(正式请求许可)Could I borrow your pen？(委婉请求) 3.表推测(must/may/might/can't) -must(肯定推测，“一定”)；may/might(可能推测，might可能性低于may);can't(否定推测，“不 可能”) -例句：☐The light is on.He must be at home.(肯定推测)☐She may be late for the meeting.(可 能推测)☐He can't be in the classroom.I just saw him outside.(否定推测) ·2.虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 1.与现在事实相反 -从句：if+主语+动词过去式(be动词用were);主句：主语+would/could/should/.might+动词 原形 -例句：口If I were you,I would take the job.(我不是你，与现在事实相反)口If she had more time, she could learn to dance.(她现在没时间，与现在事实相反) 2.与过去事实相反 -从句：if+主语+had+动词过去分词；主句：主语+would/could/should/might+have+动词过 去分词 -例句：口If he had studied harder,,he would have passed the exam.(他过去没努力，与过去事实 相反)口If I had known the truth,I might have told you.(我过去不知道真相，与过去事实相反) 3.与将来事实相反（可能性极小或假设） -从句：if+主语+动词过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形；主句：主语+ would/.could/should/might+动词原形 -例句：口If it rained tomorrow,we would cancel the picnic..(明天不太可能下雨，与将来事实相反) 口If she should come,I would give her the message.(她来的可能性小，与将来事实相反) ·3.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用 1.suggest/advise/.order/require等词后的宾语从句 -结构：主语+suggest/,advise/order/require+that+主语+(should)+动词原形(should可省略) -例句：☐The teacher suggested that we(should)finish the task on time.(suggest后的宾语从句) 口He ordered that the work(should)be started at once.(order后的宾语从句，被动语态) 2.It is important/necessary/strange that... -结构：It is important/necessary/strange+that+主语+(should)+动词原形(should可省略) -例句：☐It is necessary that we(should)keep quiet in the library.(necessary后的主语从句)Ot is strange that he(should)refuse the invitation.(strange后的主语从句) 知识点三：名词性从句 ·1.主语从句 一基础引导词及用法（高考核心）： *that引导（从句意义完整，无疑问）→例句：That she passed the exam surprised everyone. *whether/if引导（表“是否”，从句有疑问）→例句：Whether he will come tomorrow is unknown. *what/which/who等连接代词引导（从句缺主语/宾语/表语）→例句：hat he said made me happy. *how/why/when等连接副词引导（从句缺状语）→例句：How we can solve the problem is still a question. -形式主语结构（高考必背）： *lt+be+adj.+that从句→例句：It is clear that he will win the game. *lt+be+n.+that从句例句：It is a fact that the earth moves around the sun. ·2.宾语从句 一基础引导词及用法（高考常考）： *that引导（可省略，陈述句作宾语）→例句：I think(that)she is right.. *if/whether引导（表“是否”，一般疑问句作宾语）→例句：He asked if I would go with him. *特殊疑问词引导（特殊疑问句作宾语，用陈述语序）→例句：Do you know where he lives? 一时态一致原侧（高考易错）： *主句为现在时，从句可根据实际选时态→例句：She says she will visit us next week. *主句为过去时，从句用过去相关时态→例句：He told me he had finished his work. ·3.表语从句 -基础引导词及用法（高考核心）： *that引导（不可省略，说明主语内容）→例句：The fact is that he lied to us. *whether引导（表“是否”，不用if)→例句：The question is whether we can arrive on time, *连接代词/副词引导（根据句意选）→例句：This is how we solved the problem, 一常见固定句型（高考必背）： *The reason is that..→例句：The reason for his absence is that he was ill. *That'swhy..→例句：He got up late,and that's why he missed the bus, ·4.同位语从句 -引导词及先行词（高考重点）： *常用先行词：fact,news,idea,belief,,suggestion等→例句：Ve heard the news that our team won *引导词that(不可省略，解释先行词内容)→例句：He has no idea that she is coming: 一与定语从句区别（高考难点）： *同位语从句：that无意义，不充当成分→例句：The belief that the world is flat is wrong, *定语从句：that充当主语/宾语，可省略→例句：The book that he bought is interesting. 选修1|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（冀教版） 考法一：形容词副词比较级最高级规则变化 ·核心：根据形容词副词的构成特点，判断其比较级和最高级的正确形式 ·真题1（语法填空）： This story is_(interesting)than that one.Many students like it. -答案：more interesting解析：interesting为多音节形容词，其比较级形式需在前面加more,由标志 词“than”可知用比较级。 ·真题2（单项选择）： Tom is_boy in his class.He always helps others. A.taller B.the tallest C.tallest D.tall -答案：B解析：由范围标志词“in his class”可知，此处表示三者及以上比较，需用最高级形式，且 最高级前要加定冠词the。 考法二：比较级最高级与情态动词推测融合 ·核心：结合语境判断比较范围（两者三者及以上），同时根据情态动词表示推测的用法(must/may/can't) 选择正确形式 ·真题1（语法填空）： This movie is_(bad)one I've ever seen.The actors_(can)be more unprofessional 一答案：the worst can't解析：由范围标志词"I've ever seen”可知，三者及以上比较用最高级，bad的 最高级为worst,前加the;后句根据语境表否定推测“不可能更不专业”，用cant。 ·真题2（单项选择）： --Which season do you think is_(good)for traveling,spring or autumn? --Either is OK.But winter _(may)be the coldest here. A.better must B.the best might C.better may D.the best can -答案：C解析：由比较对象”spring or autumn”可知两者比较用比较级，good的比较级为better;后 句表可能推测“可能是最冷的”，用may。 考法三：名词性从句中情态动词与比较级的综合运用 ·核心：结合名词性从句的引导词选择、情态动词表推测的用法及形容词比较级的规则，分析复合句语境 并准确填空 ·真题1（单项选择）： She suggested that we_choose the _route to avoid traffic jams. A.should easier B.might more easy C.must easier D.could easier 一答案：A解析：第一空考查虚拟语气，suggest后的宾语从句需用”should+动词原形”(should可省 略)；第二空”easy”的比较级为规则变化easier,,"more easy'”表述错误，故选A。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -It is important that students__understand_(far)than just memorizing words in English learning. -答案：should farther/further解析：第一空考查名词性从句虚拟语气，"It is important that.”结构中从 句用”(should)+动词原形”；第二空根据"than”可知用ar的比较级farther(距离)或further(程度)， 此处表”更深入地理解”，两者均可。 选修1|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（冀教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.This book is _than the one I read last week. A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting 2.She is-student in her school,and she always gets the highest scores. A.smart B.smarter C.smartest D.the smartest 3.-Can you tell me who runs_,Tom or Jack? 4.-Tom.He is good at sports. A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest 5.The weather in summer is getting _and_. A.hot hotter B.hotter hottest C.hotter hotter D.hothot 6.You be quiet in the library.It's a rule for everyone. A.can B.may C.must D.might 7.If I time yesterday,I would have helped you with the work. A.have B.had C.have had D.will have 8.The teacher suggested that we_more time on reading. A.spend B.spent C.to spend D.spending 9.-he will come to the party is still unknown. A.That B.Whether C.What D.Which 10.The fact_he passed the exam made his parents happy. A.that B.which C.what D.how 11.This is_delicious cake I have ever tasted.You_try it! A.the most must B.more can C.most might D.the more should 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.This story is _(exciting)than the last one I heard. 2.My sister is_(tall)girl in her class. 3.You_(should)finish your homework before watching TV. 4.If I _(be)you,I would choose the red dress. 5.The question is_(whether)we can arrive on time. 6.He runs_(fast)than any other student in his school. 7.It is necessary that we_(keep)the classroom clean. 8.This is one of_(important)books I have ever read. 9.She_(can)speak three languages when she was ten years old. 10.The reason for his absence is-(that)he was ill. 演练三：语法填空试题（一篇文章，共10空） Many people think spring is_(good)season for traveling,but I prefer autumn.Autumn is_(cool)than summer and _(warm)than winter.Last year,I went to Lijiang with my friends.The weather there _(must) be perfect for hiking,but it rained heavily.If we_(check)the weather forecast before,we(bring) umbrellas. The most beautiful part of the trip was the old town.The streets were lined with ancient buildings,and the local people were very friendly.I think Lijiang is one of(beautiful)cities in China.A local guide told us-the best time to visit was in October.He also suggested that we_(taste)the traditional food there. Now,I often tell my friends about Lijiang.They all say they_(visit)it someday. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.D3.B4.C5.C6.B7.A8.B9.A10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.more exciting 2.the tallest 3.should 4.were 5.whether 6.faster 7.(should)keep 8.the most important 9.could 10.that 演练三：语法填空 1.the best 2.cooler 3.warmer 4.must 5.had checked 6.would have brought 7.the most beautiful 8.that 9.(should)taste 10.will visit 选修1|英语|冀教版