选修1 省略句-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1省略句 考频分析 省略句是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的10%左右，主要分布在核心题型中：单项选择(1-2 题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)。在语境理解类题目中，省略句的逻辑关系及成分补充往往 是解题关键。 老查内容 高中英语对省略句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础规则与语境应用： ·基本省略类型：主语省略、谓语省略、宾语省略、状语省略的识别与判断； ·固定句型中的省略：f引导的条件句、比较状语从句、时间状语从句中的常见省略形式； ·对话与语境省略：日常交际中根据上下文省略重复成分的理解与补全。 精讲精练 知识点一：省略句的定义及常见类型 ·定义（为简洁或避免重复省略成分） -特征：在不影响理解的前提下，省略句子中已知或重复的主语、谓语、宾语等成分 -例句：口(He)Looks like rain.(省略主语He,日常对话中常见)口She will go to Beijing,andI(wil go)too.(省略重复谓语will go) ·常见省略类型及用法 一对话中的省略（省略主语助动词） *例句：一here did you go yesterday?一(I went to)The park.(省略主语和谓语I went to) *例句：一Do you like swimming?一()Do.(省略主语) -状语从句中的省略（主从句主语一致时省略主语+be动词） *例句：While(Iwas)reading,I heard a noise.(省略主语I和be动词was) *例句：If(itis)necessary,we will help you.(省略主语it和be动词is) -不定式结构中的省略（保留to省略动词原形）】 *例句：He wanted to go shopping,but I asked him not to(go shopping).(省略重复的动词短语go shopping) *例句：一Will you join us?一'd love to(join you)).(省略重复的动词短语join you) 【即学即练】 1.【对话省略】一Do you like reading？一Do.(填写省略的主语) 2.【状语从句省略】While_(read),she listened to music..(填写正确形式) 3.【不定式省略】一Nill you go to the park？一'd love一.（填写省略的部分） 4.【省略类型判断】”'If necessary,call me”属于哪种省略类型？ A.对话中的省略 B.状语从句中的省略 C.不定式结构中的省略 D.并列句中的省略 5.【省略成分还原】She will go to Shanghai,,andI(wigo)too.句中省略的部分是 选修1|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：省略句的特殊句式及易错点 ·并列句中的省略（相同成分重复时省略） 1.省略规则 一当并列句中后一分句的主语、谓语或宾语与前一分句完全相同时，可直接省略重复部分，仅保留不 同成分。 2.例句 -口My brother likes swimming,and my sister((likes)dancing.(后一分句省略与前句相同的谓语 likes) -口She bought a pen yesterday,and(she)will buy a notebook tomorrow.(后一分句省略与前句相 同的主语she) -·He can speak English,andI(can speak)Chinese.(后一分句省略与前句相同的谓语部分can speak) ·感官动词和使役动词后的省略（省略不定式符号to) 1.适用动词 -感官动词：see(看见)、hear(听见)、watch(观看)、notice(注意到)、feel(感觉) -使役动词：make(使，让)、let(让)、have(使，让) 2.主动语态省略规则 一以上动词后接不定式作宾补时，不定式符号to需省略（即”动词+宾语+动词原形”）。 3.例句 -·I saw her enter the room.(see后接不定式enter,,省略to) -·The teacher made him rewrite the composition.(make后接不定式rewrite,省略to) -口We often hear birds sing in the morning.(hear后接不定式sing,省略to) 4.被动语态还原规则 一当上述结构变为被动语态时，省略的to必须还原（即”主语+be+made/seen/heard..+to+动词 原形”)。 5.例句 -口She was seen to enter the room.(被动语态中还原to,结构为was seen to enter) -口He was made to rewrite the composition by the teacher.(被动语态中还原to,结构为was made to rewrite ·虚拟语气中的省略(f条件句的倒装省略) 1.省略规则 -当if条件句中含有had(过去完成时)、should(情态动词)、were(be动词过去式)时，可省略 if,将had/should/were提至主语前，构成部分倒装。 2.例句 -Had I known the truth,I would have told you.(原句：If I had known the truth.,省略if后had 提前至主语I前) -Should it rain tomorrow,we will stay at home.(原句：If it should rain tomorrow.,省略if后 should提前至主语it前) -口Nere I you,I would choose the red one.(原句：If I were you.,省略if后were提前至主语I 前) ·介词的省略（固定搭配中的习惯省略） 1.常见省略介词的搭配 -at省略：this morning(今天早上)、last night(昨晚)、next week(下周)（时间名词前有this/last/next 时，省略介词at/in/on) -in省略：every day(每天)、each time(每次)（时间名词前有every/each时，省略介词in) 2.例句 -口We will have a test next Monday.(next Monday前省t略介词on) -She gets up early every morning.(every morning前省略介词in) -口They arrived here last month.(last month前省略介词in) 知识点三：省略句的识别与还原技巧 ·省略句的识别标志（高中常考） 1.上下文逻辑暗示（对话场景）→例句：一Have you finished the report?一(I have finished)Not yet. (根据问句动词finished推断省略部分) 2.从句引导词留存（状语从句）→例句：Though(he was)tired,he kept working.(though后直接接形 容词，暗示省略主语+be) 3.并列连词连接（并列句）→例句：She likes music,.and(she likes)art too..(and连接相同谓语结构， 省略重复动词) 4.固定句式框架(It/There开头)例句：(tis)A pity you can't come.(It作形式主语的省略，保留表 语) ·省略成分还原步骤（解题关键） 1.定位省略位置：找出句子主干缺失部分（如主语、谓语、连接词等） 2.关联上下文：根据前句或后句确定重复信息（例：一Where is Tom?一(Heis)In the library..) 3.补全语法结构：按主谓一致/时态呼应原则还原（例：f(Iam)free,I will go with you.) 4.验证逻辑通顺：确保还原后句子符合语义逻辑（例：He runs faster than I(run).不可还原为"than me run”) ·高频错误还原对比（高考易错） 1.状语从句还原错误 -错误：While walking,a car hit him.(缺少主语，还原应为While he was walking) -正确：While he was walking,a car hit him. 2.不定式符号遗漏 -错误：I told him not(to)smoke.(否定结构需保留to) -正确：I told him not to smoke. 3.虚拟语气倒装混淆 -错误：If had I known,I would help.(倒装时if需省略) -正确：Had I known,.I would have helped. 4.介词滥用冗余 -错误：We met on last Sunday.(last前无需介词) -正确：We met last Sunday. ·高考真题还原训练(2023年真题改编) 1.原题：-一Vould you like to go shopping with me？一'd love(to go shopping with you).(答案：to) 2.原题：When(she was)asked about her plan,she said nothing.(答案：asked) 3.原题：He is taller than I(am tall).(答案：am) 4.原题：The book is more interesting than(itis)expensive.(答案：is) 选修1|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（冀教版） 考法一：对话中的省略成分还原 ·核心：根据对话上下文逻辑，判断并还原省略的主语、谓语或谓语部分 ·真题1（语法填空）： --Where did you go yesterday?--The park. 一答案：I went to解析：问句询问“昨天去哪里”，答句仅保留地点“the park”,根据对话逻辑，完整回 答应为“|went to the park”,故还原省略的主语“I”和谓语“went to'”。 ·真题2（完形填空）： --Do you like swimming?--Do A.I B.You C.He D.She 一答案：A解析：问句主语为“you”,答句用助动词“Do”回应，根据对话语境，省略的主语应为第 人称“”，表示“我喜欢”，故选A。 考法二：省略句在状语从句与虚拟语气中的综合应用 ·核心：结合状语从句中”主从句主语一致时省略主语+be动词”的规则与虚拟语气中”f条件句含 had/should/were时省略if并倒装”的用法，判断省略成分或还原正确结构 ·真题1（语法填空）： --(be)I you,I would take the chance to study abroad. 一答案：Were解析：此处为虚拟语气中if条件句的省略与倒装，原句为"f I were you.”,省略if后需 将were提至主语I前，符合"if条件句含were时省略if并倒装”的规则。 ·真题2（单项选择）： -While _(read)the novel,she couldn't help crying. A.read B.reading C.was reading D.to read -答案：B解析：状语从句中主从句主语均为she,符合”主从句主语一致时省略主语+be动词”的规则， 完整句为"While she was reading.”,省略"she was”后保留现在分词reading。 考法三：省略句的综合识别与还原 ·核心：结合上下文逻辑和语法规则，识别不同类型省略句并准确还原省略成分 ·真题1（单项选择）： --Do you often go to the cinema?-No,but I_last week. A.go B.did C.was D.do -答案：B解析：根据问句中的动词“go”及时间状语last week”,可知答句省略了与问句重复的谓 语部分“go to the cinema”,需用助动词“did”代替过去发生的动作，避免重复。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -While_(read)the novel,she couldn't help crying. -答案：reading解析：此句为状语从句中的省略，主从句主语均为“she”,且从句谓语含be动词，符 合“连词+现在分词”的省略规则，故省略“she was'”,直接保留现在分词“reading'”。 选修1|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（冀教版） 解题小妙招 ·对话省略还原招 一问句信息是关键，答句省略照此填； -主语若为you提问，I常作主语来还原； 一谓语动词看问句，时体一致莫忘记； -地点名词前缺啥，to与动词一起加。 ·状语从句省略招 -主从主语若相同，主语be动可省略； -连词之后接分词，主动doing被动done; -while when if though,这些连词常搭配； 一牢记此规不迷糊，语法填空轻松过。 ·虚拟语气省略招 -if条件含were had should,省略if后要倒装； -主谓位置需互换，were/had/should放句首； -原句结构要记牢，倒装之后莫混淆； 一虚拟省略虽特殊，规则掌握也简单。 ·综合识别省略招 一上下文里找线索，重复成分可省略； -助动词did/do/does,代替前文动词语； 一过去动作did替，现在do/does莫用错； 一各类省略细分辨，结合语境准判断。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.-Did you finish your homework?-Did. A.I B.You C.He D.She 2.Whilethe street,I met an old friend. A.cross B.crossing C.was crossing D.to cross 3.My mother likes cooking,and my father_cleaning. A.likes B.like C.does D.do 4.I known the news earlier,I would have called you. A.Have B.Had C.If D.Was 5.We usually go to schoolfoot. A.on B.by C.with D.不填 6.She was seen-the room just now. A.enter B.to enter C.entering D.entered 7.-Will you join the party?-I'd love_. A.to B.join C.joining D.do 8.-necessary,we will postpone the meeting. A.Ifis B.If it C.If D.If was 9.He can play basketball,and Ifootball. A.can play B.play C.can D.do 10.-tired,he still finished the work on time. A.Though was B.Though he C.Though being D.Though 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.-Where is Tom?-(He is)In the library. 2.She bought a pen yesterday,and_(she)will buy a notebook tomorrow. 3.While(I was)reading,the phone rang. 4.-(It is)A pity you missed the concert. 5.He wanted to go,but I asked him not_(go). 6.-(Had)I known your address,I would have visited you. 7.We will have a test_(on)next Monday. 8.My brother likes swimming,and my sister_(likes)dancing. 9.Though_(he was)young,he knew a lot. 10.-Do you like music?-(I)Do 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Tom and his sister Lucy are twins,but they have different hobbies.Tom enjoys playing basketball,and Lucy_(enjoy)painting.Last Sunday,Tom went to the gym,and Lucy-(go)to the art museum. While_(walk)in the museum,Lucy met her art teacher.4(Do)you often come here?"the teacher asked."Yes,I_(do),"Lucy replied. The teacher said,"Your painting is excellent.If_(I am)you,I would join the art competition.Lucy smiled and said,“'dlove_(join).” That evening,Tom asked,"Did you have fun today?"Lucy nodded and said,"Yes,and I decided to join the competition.-(It is)Great news,right?"Tom replied,"1'm happy for you!If_(I have)time,I (will)go to watch you. (Be)Lucy successful?Let's wait and see! 参老答案 演练一：单项选择 1.A2.B3.A4.B5.A6.B7.A8.C9.C10.D 演练二：填空 1.He is 2.she 3.I was 4.It is 5.to 6.Had 7.on 8.likes 9.he was 10.I 演练三：语法填空 1.enjoys 2.went 3.walking 4.Do 5.do 6.I were 7.to join 8.It is 9.I have 10.Will 选修1|英语|冀教版