必修3 宾语从句-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1宾语从句 考频分析 宾语从句是高中英语句法的重要模块，考频占句法总量的5%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题型：单项选择 (1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（涉及长难句理解，影响信息抓取准确性）。 在语境理解类题目中，宾语从句的引导词选择、时态呼应及语序问题往往是解题关键。 老查内容 高中英语对宾语从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·l导词选择：连接代词(what,which,who等)、连接副词(when,where,why,how)及从属连词that, if/whether的辨析与使用； ·语序规则：陈述句语序（主语+谓语）在宾语从句中的严格遵循； ·时态呼应：主句为现在时，从句可根据实际情况用任意时态；主句为过去时，从句需用相应过去时态（客 观真理除外)。 精讲精练 知识点一：宾语从句的定义及构成 ·定义：在复合句中作宾语的从句，通常位于及物动词、介词或某些形容词后，用来表达一个完整的陈述 句意思。 -示例：I know(that)he is a student..(动词know后接宾语从句，说明知道的内容) ·引导词及用法 -陈述句作宾语从句：用hat引导（可省略） *例句：She said(that)she would come tomorrow. -一般疑问句作宾语从句：用if/whether引导（意为“是否”，不可省略） *例句：I wonder if he will attend the meeting, -特殊疑问句作宾语从句：用疑问词(what/who/where/when/how等)引导 *例句：He asked where they would go for vacation. ·语序规则：无论原句是疑问句还是陈述句，宾语从句一律使用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后） -错误：She asked how old was he -正确：She asked how old he was ·时态呼应 一主句为现在时/将来时，从句时态根据实际情况而定 *例句：I think he will pass the exam.(主句一般现在时，从句一般将来时) 一主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时等） *例句：He said he was watching TV at8p.m.yesterday.(主句一般过去时，从句过去进行时) 一从句表客观真理/事实时，时态不受主句影响，仍用一般现在时 *例句：The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 【即学即练】 1.【引导词选择】I wonder-he will come to the party.. A.that B.if C.what D.where 2.【语序规则】请修正错误句子：He asked where did she go. 3.【时态呼应】The teacher said that the earth_around the sun. A.goes B.went C.is going D.was going 4.【l导词省略】She said(hat)she would come and_she would bring a gift. A.if B.whether C.that D.what 5.【否定转移】I think he is not right.改为正确的否定转移形式： 必修3|英语」冀教版 ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：连接词特殊用法及高频错误 ·that的省略规则 1.常规省略场景 -及物动词（如say,think,believe)后引导陈述句宾语从句时，that可省略 -例句： *口She said(hat)she would study abroad.(动词said后that省略) *口I think(that)he is right.(动词think后that省略) 2.不可省略场景 -与并列连词and/or连接两个或以上宾语从句时，第一个that可省，后续that不可省 -例句：He told me(that)he liked English and that he wanted to major in it.(第二个that不可省) 一从句位于句首表强调时 -例句：That he failed the exam surprised us al.(that引导主语从句，此处虽非宾语从句，但需注 意同类结构区别) 一主句谓语动词与从句之间有插入语时 -例句：I think,to be honest,that you should apologize.(插入语to be honest分隔主句和从句，that 不可省) ·if与whether的辨析 1.通用场景：引导“是否”含义的宾语从句时可互换 -例句：Idon't know if/whether he will come. 2.只能用whether的场景 -与or not直接连用(whether...or not) -例句：I wonder whether he will come or not..(不可用if..or not) 一位于介词后作宾语时 -例句：It depends on whether it rains tomorrow.(介词on后只能用whether) -后接动词不定式时(whether to do) -例句：She hasn't decided whether to accept the invitation.(不可用if to do) 一引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时（虽非宾语从句，但需掌握同类考点） -例句：Whether he will come is still unknown..(主语从句用whether) ·高频错误类型及修正 1.语序错误：疑问句作宾语从句未用陈述语序 -错误：He asked where did she go. -正确：He asked where she went..(where后接主语she+谓语went,陈述语序) 2.时态错误：客观真理未用一般现在时 -错误：The teacher said that the sun rose in the east, -正确：The teacher said that the sun rises in the east..(客观真理用一般现在时rises) 3.连接词混用：特殊疑问句作宾语从句误用that -错误：I don't know that how he solved the problem.(that多余) -正确：Idon't know how he solved the problem.(直接用疑问词how引导) 4.f误用：介词后用f引导从句 -错误：I'm worried about if he can pass the exam. -正t确：'m worried about whether he can pass the exam.(介词about后用whether) 知识点三：宾语从句的特殊句式及实战应用 ·否定转移现象 一定义：主句谓语为think,believe,suppose等表示“认为”的动词时，从句否定词not需转移至主句 一基础示例： *口原句：I think he is not right..(错误) *口否定转移：Idon't think he is right.(正确，否定词not转移至主句) *口反义疑问句匹配：He doesn't think she will come,does he?(反义疑问句与从句主语一致) ·疑问词+不定式结构 -功能替代：在know,decide,wonder等动词后，”疑问词+不定式”可替代宾语从句 一基础转换示例： *口She doesn't know what she should do.→She doesn't know what to do.(what+不定式替代宾 语从句)》 *☐They haven't decided where they will go..→They haven't decided where to go.(where+不定 式替代宾语从句) 一高频易错点： *不可用于if/whether引导的宾语从句 *错误：Idon't know if to go.(正确表达：Idon't know whether to go.) *需保留疑问词自身含义 *例句：He taught me how to use the computer..(how表方式，不可省略) ·实战句型转换（高考题型适配） -直接引语转间接引语（含时态/语序/连接词综合考点）： *口陈述句转换： *直接引语："I will buy a new book,”she said. *间接引语：She said(that)she would buy a new book.(时态呼应：wil→vould;that可省) *口一般疑问句转换： *直接引语："Do you like swimming?”he asked me *间接引语：He asked me if/whether I liked swimming.(连接词用if/whether;语序陈述；时态liked) *口特殊疑问句转换： *直接引语："here did you go yesterday?”Mary asked Tom *间接引语：Mary asked Tom where he had gone the day before.(疑问词where保留；时态did go-had gone;时间状语yesterday-→the day before) ·高考高频陷阱题解析 1.语序错误陷阱： -原题：Could you tell me_? -A.where is the post office B.where the post office is -C.where was the post office D.where the post office was 一答案：B(宾语从句用陈述语序；主句委婉语气could不表过去，从句用一般现在时) 2.连接词混用陷阱： -原题：I'm not surehe will arrive on time.he comes,please call me -A.if;If B.whether;Whether C.if;Whether D.whether;If -答案：D(第一空whether表”是否”可用于句末；第二空f表”如果”引导条件状语从句) 3.时态特殊规则陷阱： -原题：Our teacher told us that light._faster than sound.. -A.travels B.traveled C.is traveling D.was traveling -答案：A(从句表客观真理，用一般现在时不受主句told过去时影响) 必修3|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） 老法一：连接词that的省略规则测辨析 ·核心：判断宾语从句中tht能否省略，掌握常规省略与不可省略的场景区别 ·真题1（语法填空）： He said(that)he would come and_he would bring a gift. 一答案：that解析：句中and连接两个并列宾语从句，第一个that可省略，第二个that不可省略，需补 全。 ·真题2（单项选择）： -I think,to be honest,-_you should try your best to finish the task on time. A.if B.whether C.that D.what -答案：C解析：从句位于插入语"to be honest'”之后，此时that不可省略，需用that引导宾语从句。 考法二：连接词与否定转移融合 ·核心：判断宾语从句中连接词的正确使用及否定转移现象的应用 ·真题1（单项选择）： I don't thinkhe will come to the party. A.that B.if C.whether D.what -答案：A解析：主句谓语动词为think,从句为陈述句，引导词用that,且此处符合that的省略规则， 但选项中只有that可选，否定转移现象中否定词not已转移至主句。 ·真题2（语法填空）： She doesn't believehe told her the truth and_he would help her. -答案：that that解析：当and连接两个宾语从句时，第一个that可省，后续that不可省，此处为否定 转移结构，否定词not转移至主句。 考法三：宾语从句连接词、语序及时态综合应用 ·核心：结合连接词选择(that/if/whether/.疑问词)、陈述语序规则及主从句时态呼应关系，解决复杂语境 下的宾语从句语法题 ·真题1（单项选择）： -Our teacher asked us_the earth_around the sun or not. A.if;goes B.whether;goes C.that;went D.whether;went -答案：B解析：第一空后有"or not'”,需用whether引导宾语从句；第二空从句表述客观真理（地球绕 太阳转)，时态不受主句asked过去时影响，仍用一般现在时goes。 ·真题2（语法填空）： She told me (that)she_(visit)the Great Wall the next month and that she_(not know)how she -(get)there. -答案：would visit didn't know would get解析：第一空主句told为过去时，从句时间状语next month 需转为过去将来时would visit;第二空为并列宾语从句，第二个that不可省略，从句谓语know用过 去时didn't know;第三空"how+陈述句”结构表方式，时态呼应主句用过去将来时would get。 必修3|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.I wonderhe will arrive on time. A.that B.if C.what D.how 2.She said-she had finished her homework and-she would go out. A.that that B./that C.that D.11 3.Could you tell me_? A.where is the library B.where the library is C.where was the library D.where the library was 4.Our teacher told us that the moon _around the earth. A.travels B.traveled C.is traveling D.was traveling 5.I don't know_to accept the invitation or not. A.if B.whether C.that D.what 6.He asked me_I liked playing football. A.that B.what C.if D.which 7.Do you know _he will come tomorrow? A.that B.if C.what D.how 8.She told meshe would visit Beijing next week. A.that B.if C.what D.how 9.I thinkhe is right A.that B.if C.what D.how 10.He asked_the meeting would start. A.that B.if C.when D.how 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.He said(that)he_(go)to the park yesterday. 2.I wonder if he (come)tomorrow. 3.Could you tell me where_(buy)the book? 4.She told me that she_(study)English for five years. 5.I don't know whether_(accept)the gift 6.He asked me what I_(do)at 8 o'clock last night. 7.The teacher told us that the sun_(rise)in the east. 8.I think_he will pass the exam. 9.She asked me _I had seen her pen. 10.Do you know_the meeting will begin? 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Tom was a student who loved learning.One day,his teacher asked him 1-(answer)a question about 宾语从句.The teacher said,"Could you tell me2_you understand the usage of that in宾语从句？”Tom thought for a moment and replied,"I know 3that can be omitted in some cases,but it can't be omitted when there are two or more宾语从句connected by and.”The teacher nodded and then asked,"What about if and whether?Do you know 4they can be in all cases?"Tom said,"I'm not sure 5they can be.I remember that whether can be used with or not,but if can't."The teacher smiled and said, "You're right.And do you know 6light travels faster than sound?"Tom answered,"Yes,I learned that light 7_(travel)faster than sound when I was in primary school."The teacher was very happy and said, "Tom,you have made great progress.I believe 8you will do better in the future.Now,could you tell me 9you usually study grammar?"Tom said,"I usually study grammar by doing exercises and asking my teacher for help when I have questions.I think 10_it's a good way to learn grammar." 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.B3.B4.A5.B6.C7.B8.A9.A10.C 演练二：填空试题 1.went 2.will come 3.to buy 4.had studied 5.to accept 6.was doing 7.rises 8.that 9.if/whether 10.when 演练三：语法填空 1.to answer 2.if/whether 3.that 4.if/whether 5.whether 6.that 7.travels 8.that 9.how 10.that 必修3|英语|冀教版