必修3 with宾语宾补的复合结构-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1with+宾语+宾补的复合结构 考频分析 wh+宾语+宾补的复合结构是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的8%左右，贯穿试卷多个核 心题型：单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(23题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（辅助理解长难句）。在 语境理解和语法应用类题目中，wh复合结构的逻辑关系及宾补形式（形容词、副词、分词、不定式等） 往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对wth+宾语+宾补的复合结构的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖结构特征与语境应用： ·宾补形式分类：形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词(to do/doing/done)的辨析与搭配规则； ·句法功能应用：作状语（表伴随、原因、条件、方式等）的语境识别与逻辑关系判断； ·句式转换与辨析：与独立主格结构、分词短语作状语的差异对比及转换技巧。 精讲精练 知识点一：with+宾语+宾补的复合结构 ·1.基本构成(with+宾语+宾补) -宾语：名词或代词（如：the door,her,them) 一宾补：形容词、副词、介词短语、分词等，补充说明宾语的状态或动作 -例句：口He left the room with the door open.(形容词open作宾补，说明门的状态)She stood there with her hands in her pockets.(介词短语in her pockets作宾补，说明手的位置) ·2.常见宾补形式及用法 -形容词（表状态）：with the window broken(窗户t破了)→例句：They live in a house with the walls white. -副词（表动作结果或状态）：with lights on(灯亮着)→例句：He worked all night with the light on. -介词短语（表位置或伴随）：with a book in his hand(手里拿着一本书)→例句：The teacher came in with a smile on her face. -现在分词（表主动/进行）：with the machine running(机器运转着)→例句：Ican't concentrate with the children playing loudly. -过去分词（表被动/完成）：with his hair cut(头发被剪了)→例句：She went out with her homework finished ·3.句法功能（作状语，表伴随、原因、条件等） -表伴随：He walked down the street with a dog following him.(带着一只狗跟着他) 一表原因：Nith the exam approaching,I have to study harder..(因为考试l临近) -表条件：With enough time,we could finish the task better.(如果有足够时间) 【即学即练】 1.【基本构成】with复合结构的核心构成是with++ A.主语；谓语 B.宾语；宾补 C.定语；状语 D.主语；表语 2.【宾补形式】判断句子"He worked all night with the light on.”中on的词性及作宾补的类型： A.形容词，表状态 B.副词，表状态 C.介词短语，表位置 D.现在分词，表进行 3.【句法功能】"Mith the exam approaching,I have to study harder.”中with复合结构作什么状语？ A.伴随状语 B.原因状语 C.条件状语 D.方式状语 4.【宾补形式辨析】请写出"with the water boiling”中boiling作宾补的原因： 5.【句法功能应用】用with复合结构表伴随完成句子：He went out (手里拿着伞)。 必修3|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：wth+宾语+宾补复合结构的高频考点与易错点 ·1.宾补为不定式（表将来动作，被动含义时需带to) -口用法说明表示宾语将要发生的动作，主动语态中不定式符号to可省略，但被动语态中必须保留t和。 -口结构与例句主动结构：with+宾语+动词原形（省略to)例句：Nith the guide lead the way,we found the village easily.(向导带路，我们轻松找到了村庄)被动结构：with+宾语+tobe+过去分 词（必须带to)例句：Nith the problem to be solved tomorrow,I need to stay up late.(问题明天要 被解决，我需要熬夜) ·2.独立主格与with复合结构的区别 -口独立主格特征无wth连接，直接由“逻辑主语+宾补”构成，逻辑主语与主句主语不同。例句： Weather permitting,we will have a picnic.(天气允许的话，我们将去野餐) -口with复合结构特征必须有with连接，逻辑主语由with引出。例句：Nith weather permitting,we will have a picnic..(两者不可混淆使用) ·3.高频易错点对比 -口现在分词与过去分词作宾补的区别现在分词（主动/进行）：with the water boiling(水正在沸腾，主 动关系)过去分词（被动/完成）：with the water boiled(水已被烧开，被动关系)例句对比：口With the sun shining brightly,,we went out for a walk.(主动进行：太阳正照耀)口Mith the work finished, he went home.(被动完成：工作被完成) -口介词短语与副词作宾补的区别介词短语（表具体位置）：with the keys in the box(钥匙在盒子里， 强调位置)副词（表状态）：with the keys inside(钥匙在里面，强调状态)例句对比：She left the room with the books on the desk..(介词短语：书在桌上)☐She left the room with the books inside.. (副词：书在里面) ·4.高考真题改编练习（单选） 1._his homework一，he can't go out to play. A.With;finishing B.With;finished C.Without;finishing D.Without;finished 2.The teacher came into the classroom _a book_in her hand. A.with;holding B.with;held C.having;held D.having;holding 3.With so much work_,I have no time to go shopping. A.doing B.done C.to do D.to be done 知识点三：wt+宾语+宾补复合结构的句式转换与写作应用 ·1.主动与被动转换 -规则说明：需保持宾语与宾补的逻辑关系一致，主动动作改用现在分词，被动动作改用过去分词或to be done结构。 -例句对比：→主动：Vith the workers building the bridge,traffic is affected.(工人们正在建桥)→被 动：Nith the bridge being built,,traffic is affected.(桥正在被修建)→将来被动：Nith the bridge to be built next year,.traffic will improve.(桥明年将被修建) ·2.肯定与否定转换 -否定形式：在宾补前加not(适用于分词、形容词等) -例句对比：→肯定：Nith the fire burning,the room was warm.(火然烧着，房间很暖和)→否定： With the fire not burning,the room turned cold..(火没然烧，房间变冷了)→肯定：He slept with the window open.(他开着窗睡觉)→否定：He slept with the window not open.(他没开窗睡觉) ·3.写作应用技巧（高考书面表达） -口描写场景（环境描写）例句：The old man sat on the bench,with birds singing in the tree and leaves falling gently..(老人坐在长椅上，鸟儿在树上鸣叫，树叶轻轻飘落) -☐表达原因（替代because从句）例句：Nith my parents supporting me,I feel confident to face challenges.(因为父母支持我，我有信心面对挑战) -口说明条件（替代if从句）例句：Nith everyone working together,we will surely achieve our goal.. (如果大家共同努力，我们定会实现目标) ·4.高考模拟练习（单选） 1.With the problem_,we can move on to the next step. A.solving B.solved C.to solve D.solve 2.She stood there silently,with her eyes_on the painting. A.fixing B.fixed C.tofⅸ D.fix 3.With so many emails_,I have to check my phone again. A.to answer B.answering C.answered D.answer 必修3|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） 老法一：现在分词与过去分词作宾补的辨析 ·核心：根据宾语与宾补的逻辑关系（主动/进行用现在分词，被动/完成用过去分词），选择正确的分词形 式 ·真题1（语法填空）： -With the children_(play)in the garden,the house is full of laughter. -答案：playing解析：宾语“children'”与宾补动作“play”为主动关系，且动作正在进行，用现在分词 playing. ·真题2（完形填空）： -He sat there quietly with his eyes_on the blackboard. A.fixing B.fixed C.tofiⅸ D.fix -答案：B解析：宾语“eyes”与宾补动作“fix”为被动关系（眼晴被固定在黑板上），用过去分词fxed。 考法二：with复合结构中宾补形式辨析 ·核心：根据宾语与宾补的逻辑关系（主动/被动、进行完成/将来）及语境，选择正确的宾补形式（现在 分词、过去分词、不定式等) ·真题1（语法填空）： -With the project_(complete)on time,we held a celebration party. -答案：completed解析：宾语“project'”与宾补“complete”为被动关系（项目被完成），且动作已完 成，故用过去分词completed。 ·真题2（完形填空）： --the clock_,we realized it was too late to catch the last bus. A.With;ticking B.With;to tick C.As;ticking D.As;to tick -答案：A解析：第一空需用with构成复合结构(as引导从句需接完整句子)，第二空“clock”与“tick” 为主动进行关系，用现在分词ticking,故选A。 考法三：wth复合结构中宾补形式的综合判断与转换 ·核心：结合语境分析宾语与宾补的逻辑关系（主动/被动、进行完成将来），区分现在分词、过去分词、 不定式作宾补的用法，并能进行主动与被动转换。 ·真题1（单项选择）： -_the project__next month,the team has to work overtime recently. A.With;completing B.With;completed C.With;to complete D.With;to be completed 一答案：D解析：根据时间标志词“next month”可知动作未发生，表将来；“project”与“complete” 是被动关系，需用被动结构“with+宾语+tobe+过去分词”，故选D。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -She sat at the desk,with her attention_(focus)on the computer screen. -答案：focused解析：“attention”与“focus”是被动关系（注意力被集中），需用过去分词作宾补， focus的过去分词为focused。 解题小妙招 with复合看关系，主动进行用现分； 被动完成用过分，将来未发不定式； 主谓主动是核心，动宾被动要牢记； 时间标志助判断，将来todo莫忘记； 主动现分变被动，过分形式来代替； as接从句需完整，with宾补更简洁。 必修3|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.With the problem_tomorrow,we need to prepare a solution in advance. A.solving B.solved C.to solve D.to be solved 2.-the guide_the way,the tourists reached the mountain top safely. A.With;lead B.With;leading C.As;lead D.As;leading 3.He stood there silently,with his hands_behind his back. A.tying B.tied C.totie D.tie 4.With so many tasks_,I have no time to attend the party tonight. A.finishing B.finished C.to finish D.to be finished 5.the sunbrightly,we decided to go for a picnic. A.With;shining B.With;shone C.As;shining D.As;shone 6.With the old manthe story,the children listened carefully. A.tell B.telling C.told D.to tell 7.The room looks tidy with everything__in place. A.putting B.put C.to put D.to be put 8.With the exam_,all students are busy reviewing their lessons. A.approach B.approaching C.approached D.to approach 9._enough rain,the crops will grow better this year. A.With B.As C.For D.Without 10.With the bridge_next year,the traffic pressure will be greatly reduced. A.build B.building C.built D.to be built 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.She fell asleep with the light _(burn). 2.With his homework _(complete),he went out to play basketball. 3.The teacher entered the classroom with a book_(hold)in her hand. 4.With the problem_(solve),we can move on to the next step. 5.They walked along the street with the wind_(blow)strongly. 6.With so many emails(answer),I have to stay in the office late. 7.The old house stands alone with all windows_(break). 8.With the guide_(lead)the way,we found the museum easily. 9.He sat at the desk with his eyes_(fix)on the computer screen. 10.With the meeting_(start)in five minutes,everyone rushed to the conference room. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） It was a quiet morning.Outside,the sun rose gently,1.-(paint)the sky in soft colors.In the park,an old man sat on a bench,with a newspaper 2.(spread)on his lap and a cup of tea 3.(steam)beside him. A group of children ran past,with their parents 4.-(follow)closely behind. Inside a nearby cafe,a student sat by the window,with a pile of books 5.-(lie)in front of her.She frowned slightly,with the final exam 6.-(approach)and a research paper still 7.-(write).Suddenly,she smiled- her friend had sent a message,with a photo 8.-(attach)showing their upcoming weekend plan. By noon,the park was busier.A street musician played the guitar,with a hat 9.-(place)on the ground for donations.With more people 10.(stop)to listen,his music filled the air with warmth. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.D2.A3.B4.C5.A6.B7.B8.B9.A10.D 演练二：填空试题 1.burning 2.completed 3.held 4.solved 5.blowing 6.to answer 7.broken 8.lead 9.fixed 10.to start 演练三：语法填空 1.painting 2.spread 3.steaming 4.following 5.lying 6.approaching 7.to write 8.attached 9.placed 10.stopping 必修3|英语|冀教版