必修3 一现和一过的综合运用-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（冀教版）

ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） Chapter1一现和一过的综合运用 考频分析 一现和一过的综合运用是高中英语语法的重要考点，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题 型：单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（高频考察，直接影响句子时 态准确性与语境连贯性)。在语境理解类题目中，一现和一过的时间状语提示、上下文时态呼应及动作发 生的具体情境往往是解题关键。 老查内容 高中英语对一现和一过的综合运用考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·基本用法辨析：一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性动作或客观真理，一般过去时表示过去某一特定时间发 生的动作； ·时间状语匹配：一般现在时常搭配always、usually、.often、every day等，一般过去时常搭配yesterday、 last week、in2020等； ·语境综合判断：根据上下文时间线索及动作发生的具体情境，准确选择合适时态填空或判断句子时态正 确性。 精讲精练 知识点一：一般现在时与一般过去时的综合运用 ·一般现在时（表示经常性、习惯性动作或客观真理） -时间标志词：always(总是)、usually(通常)、oten(经常)、sometimes(有时)、every day(每 天)、on Sundays(每周日) -动词形式：主语为第三人称单数时，动词加-s/-es(如：woks,watches);其他情况用原形 -例句：口She usually walks to school.(经常性动作，主语第三人称单数，动词用walks)口The earth goes around the sun.(客观真理，动词用goes) ·一般过去时（表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态） -时间标志词：yesterday(昨天)、last week(上周)、in2020(在2020年)、two days ago(两天前)、 just now(刚才) -动词形式：动词用过去式（规则变化加-ed,如：played,visited;不规则变化需特殊记忆，如：went, saw) -例句：口He visited the Great Wall last summer.(过去时间发生的动作，动词用过去式visited)They were late for class yesterday..(过去存在的状态，be动词用过去式were) ·两者综合运用（同一语境中对比或先后发生的动作） 一对比用法：一般现在时描述常态，一般过去时描述过去某次具体情况 *She usually takes the bus to work,but she drove her car yesterday because it rained.(usually 提示常态用takes,yesterday提示过去动作drove和rained) 一先后动作：先发生的用一般过去时，后发生的根据语境判断（若为习惯性则用一般现在时） *He often reads books after dinner,but last night he watched TV first and then read a magazine. (oten提示read为常态，last night提示watched和read为过去先后动作，均用过去式) 【即学即练】 1.【时态判断】She (walk)to school every day,but she (take)a taxi yesterday.请填写正 确动词形式 A.walk;take B.walks:took C.walked;takes D.walks;take 2.【时间标志词】下列哪个词是一般过去时的标志词？ A.every day B.usually C.yesterday D.often 3.【动词形式】主语为第三人称单数时，一般现在时动词需加一，一般过去时动词需用。 4.【语境判断】He often (read)newspapers in the morning,but this morning he(watch) TV instead..请填写正确动词形式 5.【客观真理】The sun_(rise)in the east.请填写正确动词形式（提示：客观真理用一般现在时） 必修3|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） 知识点二：时态与语态的综合辨析 ·一般过去时与现在完成时（过去动作与现在关联） 1.时间标志词对比 -一般过去时：yesterday(昨天)、last week(上周)、in2018(在2018年)、two days ago(两天 前)（明确过去时间，与现在无关联） -现在完成时：already(已经)、yet(还)、since2018(自从2018年)、for3 years(持续3年)、 so far(到目前为止)（强调过去动作对现在的影响或持续到现在） 2.用法差异 -一般过去时：仅表示动作发生在过去，与现在无关。例句：He lived in Beijing in2018.(2018年居 住，现在是否居住未知) -现在完成时：强调动作对现在的影响或持续状态。例句：He has lived in Beijing for3 years.(从过 去持续到现在，现在仍可能居住) ·主动语态与被动语态的转换规则 1.主动变被动的基本步骤 -宾语变为主语（主动句：主语A+谓语+宾语B→被动句：主语B+be+过去分词+byA) -谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”(be动词时态与主动句一致) -主语A前加by(可省略，强调动作执行者时保留) 2.不同时态的被动转换示例 -一般现在时主动：e clean the classroom every day. -被动：The classroom is cleaned(byus)every day.(is体现一般现在时，cleaned为过去分词) -现在完成时主动：She has finished the work. -被动：The work has been finished(by her).(has been体现现在完成时，finished为过去分词) ·时态错误辨析（高频易错点） 1.时间标志词误用 -错误：He has bought a new bike yesterday.(yesterday是一般过去时标志，has bought需改为 bought -正确：He bought a new bike yesterday.. 2.语态混用 -错误：The book is written by him last year.(last year提示一般过去时，is需改为was) -正确：The book was written by him last year.. 3.完成时与时间段搭配错误 -错误：He has left here for two hours.(leave是瞬间动词，不能与for+时间段连用，需改为延续性 动词be away) -正t确：He has been away from here for two hours. ·语境中的时态选择（无明确时间标志词） 1.根据上下文逻辑判断 -对话场景：A:"Why are you late?”B:"I missed the bus.”(根据late的现在状态，推断missed发 生在过去，用一般过去时) 2.习惯对比与具体动作区分 -常态vs具体动作：She usually walks to school,but this morning she took a taxi.(usually提示常 态walks,this morning提示具体动作took) 知识点三：情态动词的综合运用 ·基础情态动词（表能力许可义务） 1.can/could(能会，过去式could) -例句：She can speak three languages.(现在能力)；I could swim when I was five.(过去能力) 2.may/might(可以/何能，过去式might) -例句：May I borrow your pen？(许可)；It might rain tomorrow.(推测可能性) 3.must/have to(必须，have to强调客观需要) -例句：You must wear a seatbelt.(主观义务)；I have to work late tonight..(客观要求) 4.need(需要，否定needn't=don't have to) -例句：Need|finish it now?(疑问句)；You needn't come early.(不必) ·情态动词表推测（肯定否定疑问） 1.must(肯定推测，用于肯定句) -例句：He must be at home.(他一定在家) 2.can't(否定推测，用于否定句) -例句：She can'tbe16.(她不可能16岁) 3.may/might(可能性推测，might语气更弱) -例句：They may arrive tomorrow.(可能明天到) 4.could(疑问推测，用于疑问句) -例句：Could this be true?(这可能是真的吗？) ·情态动词+have done(表对过去的推测/虚拟) 1.must have done(过去-定做了) -例句：You must have seen the film.(你一定看过这部电影) 2.can't have done(过去不可能做了) -例句：He can't have finished it alone.(他不可能独自完成) 3.should have done(本应该做却未做) -例句：You should have told me.(你本应该告诉我) 4.needn't have done(本不必做却做了) -例句：You needn't have bought so much food.(你不必买这么多食物) ·情态动词的特殊用法 1.had better do(最好做，否定had better not do) 一例句：You'd better take an umbrella.(你最好带把伞) 2.would rather do(宁愿做，would rather not do) -例句：'d rather stay at home.(我宁愿待在家) 3.used to do(过去常常做，be used to doing表习惯做) -例句：He used to smoke.(他过去常抽烟) 4.shall(用于第一人称疑问句表请求/建议) -例句：Shall we go shopping?(我们去购物好吗？) 必修3|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） 考法一：一般现在时与一般过去时综合运用 ·核心：根据时间标志词或语境中的常态与具体动作对比，正确选用一般现在时或一般过去时 ·真题1（语法填空）： -She usually_(walk)to school,but yesterday she_(take)a taxi because it rained heavily. -答案：waks;took解析：由“usually”可知第一空表经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语为三单，动词 用waIks;由“yesterday”可知第二空表过去具体动作，take的过去式为took。 ·真题2（单项选择）： My mother often _cakes for us on weekends,but last Sunday she_some cookies instead A.makes;bakes B.makes;baked C.made;bakes D.made;baked -答案：B解析：由“oten”可知第一空表习惯性动作，用一般现在时，主语为三单，动词用makes; 由“last Sunday'”可知第二空表过去动作，bake的过去式为baked。, 考法二：时态与语态综合运用 ·核心：结合时间标志词判断时态，同时根据动作主被动关系选择正确语态 ·真题1（语法填空）： The Great Wall_(build)thousands of years ago.It is one of the world's greatest wonders. 一答案：was built解析：由时间标志词“thousands of years ago”可知用一般过去时；“长城被建造” 表被动，一般过去时被动语态结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语为单数，故填was built。, ·真题2（单项选择）： -A new hospitalin our city since 2020.It will be completed next year. A.is built B.was built C.has been built D.will be built -答案：C解析：由时间标志词“sice2020”可知用现在完成时；“医院被建造”表被动，现在完成时 被动语态结构为“has/have been-+过去分词”，主语为单数，故填has been built。, 考法三：时态、语态与情态动词的综合运用 ·核心：结合时间标志词及语境，综合运用时态（一般现在时/一般过去时/现在完成时）、被动语态(b+ 过去分词)和情态动词（表推测/义务） ·真题1（单顶选择）： -The old photosin the drawer for ten years.You_them earlier.They look really precious now. A.have kept;should find B.have been kept;should have found C.kept;must find D.were kept;must have found 一答案：B解析：第一空”for ten years”为现在完成时标志，主语"photos”与"keep”是被动关系，用现在 完成时被动语态"nave been kept'”;第二空表”本应该做却未做”，用”should have found”,符合情态动 词+have done的用法。 ·真题2（语法填空）： --Where is Tom?He_(must finish)his homework yet. --No,he_(ask)to help in the library just now.It_(finish)by him before 5 pm,I think 一答案：mustn't have finished;was asked;will be finished解析：第一空由"yet"和语境推断”未完成”， 否定推测用"”mustn't have finished'”;第二空"just now”提示一般过去时，主语"he”与”ask”是被动关系， 用"was asked”；第三空"before5pm”表将来时间，主语"it”与"'finish”是被动关系，用一般将来时被动 语态"will be finished”。 必修3|英语|冀教版 ENGLISH-必修3系列资料（冀教版） 解题小妙招 ·时态语态妙招 一时态判断看标志，常态动作一般现，过去时间用一过； -主动结构记“主谓”，被动必带“be和done”; 一情态动词表推测，“should have done”本应做； -一般现在被动“amis/are done”,一般过去被动“was/were done”; -现在完成被动“has/have been done”,将来被动“will be done”; 一结合语境辨主被，时态语态综合判。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.My father usually-newspapers after breakfast,but this morning he_a novel instead. A.reads;reads B.reads;read C.read;reads D.read;read 2.The Olympic Games_every four years,and the 2020 Tokyo Olympics_in 2021 due to the pandemic. A.hold;was held B.are held;held C.are held;was held D.held;were held 3.-Why didn't you answer my call an hour ago? 4.-1'm sorry.I-a shower and didn't hear the phone A.took B.was taking C.have taken D.take 5.A new bridge_across the river since last year,and it-next month. A.is built;will complete B.has been built;will be completed C.was built;completes D.has been building;is completed 6.You have told me you would be late!I_here waiting for two hours. A.should;have been B.must;was C.need;am D.could;had been 7.The scientiststhat the ancient temple_around 2,000 years ago. A.discover;was built B.discovered;built C.have discovered;was built D.discovered;was being built 8.-May I use your computer for a while? 9.-Sorry,itby my brother now.He_it every evening. A.is used;uses B.is being used;uses C.was used;used D.has been used;is using 10.He_in this city for five years,but heto Paris last month. A.lives;moved B.has lived;moved C.lived:has moved D.has lived;has moved 11.The book_into many languages since it_in 2010. A.was translated;published B.has been translated;was published C.translated;has been published D.has translated;published 12.You-worry about me.I-take care of myself when I was in college. A.needn't;could B.mustn't;should C.can't;might D.won't;would 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.She_(visit)her grandparents every weekend,but last week she _(not go)because she was ill. 2.The letter_(write)by my sister yesterday afternoon. 3.We _(live)in this house since 2015,and we_(never regret)this decision. 4.You_(not park)here！The sign says“No Parking”. 5.By the time we arrived,the concert_(already start),so we_(miss)the first song. 6.The children(play)outside when it suddenly(begin)to rain. 7.This kind of flower_(grow)in mountain areas and-(not find)in cities easily 8.He_(must finish)his homework before dinner,or his mother_(be)angry. 9.I(can swim)when I was seven,but now I_(not swim)as often as before. 10.The project_(complete)by the end of next month if everything_(go)smoothly. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） A History of Tea Tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world.It is believed that tea-(discover) by accident over 5,000 years ago in China.According to legend,Emperor Shennong_(boil)water when some tea leaves fell into the pot.He tasted the mixture and found it delicious. Today,tea_(drink)by people all over the world.In many countries,it is a tradition to serve tea to guests. For example,in Britain,afternoon tea_(enjoy)with cakes and sandwiches,a custom that_(start)in the 19th century. Tea culture(develop)differently in various regions.In Japan,tea ceremonies-(regard)as an art form, emphasizing peace and harmony.In China,people often_(drink)tea while discussing business or family matters. Scientists_(study)the health benefits of tea for decades.They_(find)that green tea,in particular, contains antioxidants that may reduce the risk of certain diseases. As for the future,tea_(remain)an important part of global culture,connecting people across time and borders. 参考答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.C3.A4.B5.A6.C7.B8.B9.B10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.visits;didn't go 2.was written 3.have lived;have never regretted 4.mustn't park can't park 5.had already started;missed 6.were playing;began 7.grows;isn't found 8.must finish;will be 9.could swim;don't swim 10.will be completed;goes 演练三：语法填空