选修3 现在完成进行时-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（人教版）

ENGLISH-选修3系列资料（人教版） Chapter1现在完成进行时 考频分析 现在完成进行时是高中英语语法的重要考点，考频占语法总量的5%-8%左右，主要分布在以下核心题型： 单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1题)、阅读理解（间接考察，影响语境理解）。在语 境理解类题目中，现在完成进行时表示动作从过去持续到现在且仍在进行的含义辨析及时间状语搭配往往 是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对现在完成进行时的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·构成形式：have/has been+现在分词的肯定式、否定式及疑问式结构； ·核心用法：表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作（可能仍在进行），强调动作的持续性和未完成 性； ·语境辨析：与现在完成时（侧重结果）、一般过去时（强调过去时间点）的区别，标志性时间状语（如 since,for,all day等)的匹配应用。 精讲精练 知识点一：现在完成进行时的结构及用法 ·基本结构(have/has+been+现在分词) -第一人称/第二人称/复数主语：have been+doing→例句：I have been studying English for two hours. -第三人称单数主语：has been+doing→例句：She has been waiting for the bus since7o'clock. ·核心用法（表示动作从过去持续到现在，仍在进行或刚结束） -强调动作持续的过程：They have been building the bridge for three years..(桥仍在建造中) -说明近期反复发生的动作：My brother has been calling me all morning.(刚停止或可能继续) -解释现在的结果或影响：Her eyes are red because she has been crying.(哭泣动作刚结束) ·时间状语标志（常与for/since引导的时间状语连用） -for+时间段：for five days/for a long time→例句：Ve have been living here for ten years. -since+时间点：since2010/since he came→例句：He has been working in this company since he graduated. 【即学即练】 1.【基本结构】He (wait)for you since9o'clock this morning.请填写正确形式 A.wait B.has waited C.has been waiting D.waited 2.【核心用法】The workers_(build)the road for six months,.and it's still not finished.请填写正t确 形式： 3.【时间状语】下列时间状语中，不能与现在完成进行时连用的是？ A.for three hours B.since last week C.yesterday D.all day 4.【核心用法辨析】Her voice is hoarse because she一(sing)all afternoon.请填写正确形式： 5.【结构转换】将句子"I have been learning French for two years.”改为否定句： 选修3|英语」人教版 ENGLISH-选修3系列资料（人教版） 知识点二：现在完成进行时的易混点辨析与被动语态 ·与现在完成时的区别（核心：是否强调动作的持续性或未完成性） 1.现在完成进行时（强调动作持续过程或反复性，可能仍在进行） -结构：have/has been+doing 一例句对比： -·She has been writing a novel for a year..(小说可能还在写，强调持续写作的过程) -口They have been discussing the problem all morning.(讨论可能刚结束或仍在继续，突出反复/持 续的动作) 2.现在完成时（强调动作结果或完成，与现在有联系） -结构：have/has+过去分词 一例句对比： -·She has written three novels.(强调结果：已完成三部，不涉及当前是否在写) -口They have discussed the problem.(强调结果：问题已讨论过，不关注讨论持续时长) ·时间状语的特殊用法（避免与一般过去时混淆） -可省略时间状语的情况（上下文暗示动作持续） *例句：Her eyes are red.She has been crying.(无需时间状语，通过“眼睛红”暗示哭泣动作刚结 束) -不可与具体过去时间状语连用（如yesterday,last week,需用一般过去时） *错误：She has been watching TV yesterday..(x) *正确：She watched TV yesterday.(一般过去时，具体过去时间用watched) ·被动语态（极少使用，侧重动作被持续进行） -结构：have/has been being+动词过去分词(being体现“进行”，been体现“完成”) *例句： *·The project has been being built for two years.(项目被持续建造两年，可能仍在进行) *口The song has been being played on the radio all day.(歌曲被反复播放一整天，刚停止或继续) -注意：不及物动词无被动语态（如sleep,rain,需转换表达） *错误：It has been being rained for a week.(x) *正确：It has been raining for a week.(主动形式表持续，rain为不及物动词) 知识点三：现在完成进行时的句式转换与习题应用 ·肯定句、否定句与疑问句转换（基础句式） 1.肯定句(have/has+been+doing) -第一人称/第二人称/复数主语：I have been learning French for six months.(我已经学法语六个月 了) -第三人称单数主语：He has been working in the garden since moming.(他从早上起就在花园干 活) 2.否定句(have/has+not+been+doing) -缩写形式：haven't/hasn't been doing -例句：They haven't been waiting for long.(他们没等多久) -She hasn't been studying here recently.(她最近没在这里学习) 3.一般疑问句(Have/Has+主语+been+doing?) -例句：Have you been practicing the piano all afternoon?(你整个下午都在练钢琴吗？) -Has the team been preparing for the match since last week?(球队从上周起就在准备比赛吗) 4.特殊疑问句（疑问词+have/has+主语+been+doing?) -例句：What have you been doing these days?(这些天你一直在做什么？) -How long has she been living in this city?(她在这个城市住多久了？) ·高考常见易错点专项练习（语法填空短文改错） 1.时态混用纠错（现在完成进行时Vs一般过去时） -原句：She has been visited her aunt yesterday.(错误) -修正：She visited her aunt yesterday..(一般过去时，具体过去时间用visited) -解析：现在完成进行时不可与yesterday等具体过去时间状语连用 2.主动与被动转换（不及物动词无被动） -原句：The accident has been happened for an hour..(错误) -修正：The accident happened an hour ago.(一般过去时，happen为不及物动词) -解析：不及物动词（如happen,rain)无被动语态，需用主动形式或转换时态 3.语境暗示时间的省略用法 -t填空：His clothes are wet.He_(run)in the rain.(答案：has been running) 一解析：通过“衣服湿”暗示跑步动作刚结束或仍在进行，无需时间状语 ·高考语法填空真题演练(2023-2025年典型题) 1.:The researchers_(study)the effects of climate change on polar bears for over a decade,and they are now presenting their findings.(答案：have been studying) 2.解析：for over a decade(持续十年)+现在进行时are presenting暗示研究仍在进行，用现在完成 进行时 3.题目：-Why is the ground so muddy? 4.一lt_(rain)heavily all night.(答、：has been raining) 5.解析：上下文暗示雨刚停，地面泥泞是持续下雨的结果，省略时间状语但需用现在完成进行时 6.:My brother(call)me several times this morning,but I couldn't answer because I was in a meeting.(答案：has been calling) 7.解析：several times this morning(今天早上多次)强调反复动作，与现在有联系（早上尚未结束）， 用现在完成进行时 选修3|英语引人教版 ENGLISH-选修3系列资料（人教版） 考法一：现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 ·核心：根据语境强调动作持续过程还是结果完成，选择正确时态 ·真题1（语法填空）： She_(write)a novel for a year,and she still hasn't finished it. 一答案：has been writing解析：由时间标志词“for a year'”及“still hasn't finished”可知，动作从过 去持续到现在且仍在进行，强调持续写作的过程，用现在完成进行时。 ·真题2（完形填空）： They_(discuss)the problem,so they already have a solution now. A.discuss B.have discussed C.have been discussing D.discussed -答案：B解析：由结果“already have a solution”可知，强调动作已完成且与现在有联系，用现在完 成时；discuss的过去分词为discussed。 考法二：现在完成进行时与现在完成时辨析 ·核心：根据语境强调动作持续过程还是结果，选择现在完成进行时或现在完成时 ·真题1（语法填空）： She(write)this novel for two years and hasn't finished yet. -答案：has been writing解析：由“for two years”和“hasn't finished yet'”可知，强调动作从过去持 续到现在仍在进行，用现在完成进行时；主语为三单，助动词用has,write的现在分词为writing。 ·真题2（完形填空）： My sister_(read)three storybooks since last month A.has been reading B.has read C.read D.is reading -答案：B解析：由“three storybooks'”可知，强调动作完成的结果，用现在完成时；主语为三单，助 动词用has,read的过去分词为read。 考法三：现在完成进行时与现在完成时、被动语态的综合辨析及应用 ·核心：结合时间状语、语境逻辑及动作主被动关系，区分现在完成进行时（强调持续过程）、现在完成时 (强调结果)与被动语态（动作承受者）的用法，掌握”have/has been doing”、"have/has done”及"have/has been being done”的结构差异。 ·真题1（单项选择）： --Why are you so tired? --1_the project report for three hours and I still need to finish the conclusion. A.wrote B.have written C.have been writing D.am writing -答案：C解析：由"for three hours'”(持续三小时)和”still need to finish”(仍需完成)可知，动作从过 去持续到现在且仍在进行，强调持续过程，用现在完成进行时，结构为"have been+现在分词”。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -The old temple_(restore)since last year,and it_(attract)many visitors once it opens next month. (提示：第一空填现在完成进行时被动语态，第二空填一般将来时) -答案：has been being restored;will attract解析：第一空由"since last year'”(从去年起)及"once it opens next month”(下月开放后)暗示修复动作持续进行且为被动，用现在完成进行时被动语态"has been being+过去分词”；第二空”once it opens”(一旦开放)表将来条件，主句用一般将来时"will attract"。 选修3|英语引人教版 ENGLISH-选修3系列资料（人教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.The workers_the bridge for three years,and it is still under construction. A.build B.have built C.have been building D.built 2.My parents__in this city since 2005,so they know every corner of it. A.live B.have lived C.have been living D.lived 3.-Why is your hair wet? 4.-Iin the swimming pool all afternoon. A.swim B.have swum C.have been swimming D.swam 5.Shethree languages,so she can work as a translator now. A.learns B.has learned C.has been learning D.learned 6.They_the problem all morning,and finally they reached an agreement. A.discuss B.have discussed C.have been discussing D.discussed 7.The scientist_the experiment for over a decade,and he will publish the results next month. A.does B.has done C.has been doing D.did 8.-How longyouthis book? 9.-For two weeks,but I haven't finished it yet. A.do;read B.have;read C.have;been reading D.did;read 10.The company _new products since last year,and some of them are now on sale. A.develops B.has developed C.has been developing D.developed 11.My brother_me several times today,but I was too busy to answer. A.calls B.has called C.has been calling D.called 12.The ground is covered with snow because itheavily all night. A.snows B.has snowed C.has been snowing D.snowed 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.We(wait)for the bus for 20 minutes,and it hasn't arrived yet 2.She_(teach)English in this school since she graduated from college. 3.The children_(play)football in the yard all afternoon,and they are still energetic. 4.My father_(fix)the car for hours,but he hasn't found the problem yet. 5.They _(travel)around Europe for a month,and they will return next week. 6.The little girl(cry)because she lost her toy.Her eyes are still red. 7.He_(work)on the computer all morning,so he feels a little tired now. 8.The students_(prepare)for the exam since last month,and the exam is tomorrow. 9.My mother_(cook)in the kitchen for an hour,and the dinner will be ready soon. 10.It_(rain)for three days,and the river has risen a lot. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） *阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。* Climate change has become a global concern,and scientists_(study)its effects on ecosystems for decades.One team of researchers_(focus)on coral reefs since 2010.They(collect)data from over 50 reefs around the world and_(find)that rising temperatures-(damage)nearly 30%of the coral. Local communities_(help)the scientists protect the reefs by reducing pollution and planting new coral. A fisherman in Australia said,"We_(see)the reefs change over the years.Younger fish_(disappear), and we-(realize)we must act now." The scientists_(present)their findings at an international conference next month,hoping to raise aware- ness about coral protection. 参老答案 演练一：单项选择 1.C2.B3.C4.B5.B6.C7.C8.C9.C10.C 演练二：填空 1.have been waiting 2.has been teaching 3.have been playing 4.has been fixing 5.have been traveling 6.has been crying 7.has been working 8.have been preparing 9.has been cooking 10.has been raining 演练三：语法填空 1.have been studying 2.has been focusing 3.have been collecting 4.have found 5.have been damaging 6.have been helping 7.have been seeing 8.have been disappearing 9.have realized 10.will present 选修3|英语|人教版