选修1 条件状语从句-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（外研版）

ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（外研版） Chapter1条件状语从句 考频分析 条件状语从句是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷多个核心题型：单项 选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（辅助理解长难句，影响答题效率）。 在语境理解类题目中，条件状语从句的引导词选择、时态呼应及逻辑关系判断往往是解题关键。 考查内容 高中英语对条件状语从句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·连词选用：if、unless、as long as、in case、on condition that等连词的语义辨析与搭配； ·时态呼应：真实条件句（主将从现、主情从现、主祈从现）与虚拟条件句（对现在、过去、将来假设）的 时态规则； ·省略与倒装：if引导的虚拟条件句中省略if后的部分倒装结构(had/were/.should提前)。 精讲精练 知识点一：条件状语从句的类型及用法 ·真实条件句（描述可能发生的情况，主从句多用一般现在时表将来） -连接词：if(如果)、unless(除非)、as long as(只要) -例句：口If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home.(if引导，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时) ☐You will fail the exam unless you study hard.(unless导，相当于if.not) ·虚拟条件句（描述与事实相反或不可能发生的情况，主从句时态需倒退） -对现在虚拟：从句用一般过去时(be动词用were),主句用would/could/might+-动词原形 *例句：If I were you,I would choose the red one.(与现在事实相反：我不是你) -对过去虚拟：从句用过去完成时，主句用would/.could/,might+.have+过去分词 *例句：She would have passed the test if she had studied harder..(与过去事实相反：她过去设努 力) 一对将来虚拟：从句用一般过去时1 should+动词原形were to+动词原形，主句用would/could/might-+动 词原形 *例句：If he should come tomorrow,I would talk to him.(对将来的假设，可能性较低) ·其他特殊结构 -省略if的倒装：当从句含were/had/should时，可将其提前省略if *Were I in your position,I might do the same.(=If I were in your position) -”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构（相当于if条件句） *Work hard,and you will achieve your goal.(=If you work hard,you will...) 【即学即练】 1.【真实条件句】fyou (study)hard,you (pass)the exam. 2.【虚拟条件句】Ifl_(have)enough money,I would buy a new bike.(与现在事实相反) 3.【省略if的倒装】_he(come)tomorrow,we would have a meeting.(用should倒装) 4.【祈使句+and/or结构】 (hurry up),or you will miss the bus 5.【连词辨析】You can go out to play_you finish your homework. A.unless B.as long as C.ifnot D.in case 选修1|英语引外研版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（外研版） 知识点二：连接词分类及特殊句式 ·时间状语从句连接词 1.常用连接词 -when(当…时，主从句动作可同时或先后发生)、while(当…时，主从句动作同时进行，从句 多用进行时)、as（一边…一边…，强调伴随)、until/til训l(直到…，not.until..表示“直到 …才”)、since(自从…，主句常用现在完成时) 2.用法对比 一例句： -口hen she came in,I was reading.(came为短暂性动作，when可接非延续性动词) -口While I was reading,she came in..(while从句通常用延续性动词的进行时) -口As he walked,he sang.(as强调“边走边唱”的伴随关系) -口|didn't go to bed until my mother came back.(not.until..表示“直到妈妈回来才睡觉”) ·让步状语从句连接词 1.常用连接词 -though/although(虽然，不能与but连用)、even if/even though(即使，引导假设性让步)、no matter+疑问词（无论…，如no matter what/when/where)、疑问词+ever(无论…，如 whatever/whenever/wherever) 2.用法对比 一例句： -口Though he is young,he knows a lot.(though引导让步，不能说“Though.but.”) -口Even if it rains tomorrow,we will go hiking.(even if l5导假设的让步“即使下雨”) -口No matter how hard it is,.I will keep trying.(no matter how=however,表示“无论多困难”) -口hatever you say,Iwon't believe you.(whatever=no matter what,作say的宾语) ·结果状语从句连接词 1.常用连接词 -so.that.(如此…以至于…，so后接形容词/副词)、such...that..(如此…以至于…，such 后接名词短语)】 2.用法对比 一例句： -口He is so tall that he can reach the shelf.(so+形容词tall) -☐She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her..(such+a kind girl名词短语) -口It was so hot a day that we stayed at home.(so+adj.+a(n)+n.相当于such a(n)+adj.+n.) ·目的状语从句连接词 1.常用连接词 -so that(为了，以便，从句常含can/could/may/might)、in order that(为了，语气比so that强，可 置于句首) 2.用法对比 一例句： -☐He studies hard so that he can pass the exam.(so thatSl导目的从句，含can) -口In order that we could catch the early bus,we got up at5a.m.(in order that引导目的，可放句 首) ·比较状语从句连接词 1.常用连接词 -as...as... (和一样…，否定not as/so..as)、入than(比，用于比较级)、the+比较级，the +比较级（越…就越…） 2.用法对比 -例句： -口This book is as interesting as that one.(as+原级+as表示“和一样有趣") -口He runs faster than I do.(than引导比较状语从句，do代替run) -口The harder you work,the better grades you will get.(the+比较级..the+比较级”表示“越努 力成绩越好”) 知识点三：定语从句 ·关系代词引导的定语从句 一基础用法（必修核心）： *Owho(指人，作主语/宾语)→例句：The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister..(作主语) *口whom(指人，作宾语，可省略)→例句：The teacher whom we met yesterday will teach us math. (作宾语) *口which(指物，作主语/宾语)→例句：This is the book which I bought last week.(作宾语) *口that(指人物，作主语/宾语，先行词为不定代词或被最高级修饰时必用)→例句：He is the best student that I have ever taught.(先行词被最高级修饰) *口whose(指人/物，作定语)→例句：This is the boy whose father is a doctor..(whose修饰father) 一特殊用法（高考高频）： *口介词+关系代词（介词提前时，指人用whom,指物用which)→例句：The house in which I lived is very small.(=The house which I lived in...) *口as引导限定性定语从句（先行词被such/the same修饰）→例句：This is such an interesting book as we all like.(as作Iike的宾语) ·关系副词引导的定语从句 一基础用法（必修核心）： *口when(指时间，在从句中作时间状语)→例句：I still remember the day when we first met. (when=on which) *口where(指地点，在从句中作地点状语)→例句：This is the school where I studied.(where=in which) *口why(指原因，先行词为reason,在从句中作原因状语)→例句：The reason why he was late is unknown.(why=for which) 一特殊用法（高考易错）： *O抽象地点名词后用where(如case/point/.situation等)→例句：We have reached a point where we need to make a decision. *口时间名词作先行词时，若从句缺主语/宾语用which/that,不缺用when→例句：I will never forget the days which we spent together..(spent缺宾语，用which) ·非限制性定语从句 一基本特征（必修核心）： *口用逗号与主句隔开，不能用that引导→例句：My brother,,who is a teacher,lives in Beijing.(补 充说明哥哥的职业) *☐which可指代整个主句内容，例句：He passed the exam,which made his parents very happy. (which指代“通过考试”这件事) 一高频考点（高考核心）： *口as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别(as译为“正如”，可置于句首；which不可)→例句： As we all know,the earth is round.(as置于句首，指代主句内容) *口关系代词不可省略→例句：This is my hometown,which I love deeply.(which不可省略) 选修1|英语|外研版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（外研版） 考法一：真实条件句与虚拟条件句辨析 ·核心：根据语境判断条件的真实性，选择正确的时态搭配（真实条件句主现从现主将从现；虚拟条件句 对现在/过去将来虚拟时主从句时态倒退)】 ·真题1（语法填空）： -Ifl一(be)you,I would take the job.(与现在事实相反) -答案：were解析：根据“与现在事实相反”及虚拟条件句规测，从句用一般过去时，be动词统一用 were ·真题2（单项选择）： She_the prize if she _harder last term. A.will win;works B.would win;worked C.would have won;had worked D.wins;will work -答案：C解析：由last term”可知是对过去虚拟，虚拟条件句中对过去虚拟的结构为“主句用would have+过去分词，从句用过去完成时”，故选C。 考法二：状语从句与定语从句连接词辨析 ·核心：根据句子结构和逻辑关系，区分状语从句与定语从句的连接词，判断连接词在从句中所作成分 ·真题1（语法填空）： -I still remember the day_(when/which)I first met you. -答案：when解析：先行词为the day,从句不缺主语或宾语，需要时间状语，故用关系副词when引 导定语从句，相当于on which。 ·真题2（单项选择）： --she was reading,her brother came in. A.which B.when C.where D.that -答案：B解析：此处表示“当她正在读书时”，主从句动作同时进行，需要时间状语从句连接词when, while也可，但选项中无while,when符合语境。 考法三：状语从句与定语从句的综合辨析及虚拟语气的嵌套应用 ·核心：识别复合句中状语从句（时间/条件让步等）与定语从句的区别，掌握虚拟语气在从句嵌套结构中 的时态呼应 ·真题1（单项选择）： -You'd better take the map with you_you won't get lost in the mountains. A.as long as B.so that C.where D.which 一答案：B解析：此处需填入目的状语从句连接词，”so that”表示”以便”，符合句意”你最好带上地图以 便在山里不会迷路”。A项"as long as'”(只要)引导条件状语从句，C项"where”(在哪里)引导定语 从句或地点状语从句，D项”which”引导定语从句，均不符合语境。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -If I_(meet)the scientist who invented 5G technology yesterday,I would have asked him about the future of communication. -答案：had met解析：主句"would have asked”表明此处为对过去的虚拟语气，从句需用过去完成 时"had+过去分词”；"who invented5 G technology”为定语从句修饰先行词”scientist”,关系代词who 在从句中作主语。整句包含虚拟条件句嵌套定语从句的结构。 选修1|英语|外研版 ENGLISH-选修1系列资料（外研版） 解题小妙招 虚拟语气妙招 虚拟语气看时间，现在过去将来辨； 与现相反主would动原，从句过去were不变； 与过相反主would have done,从句had加过去分词； 与将相反主would动原，从句过去should或were to do。 从句辨析妙招 定从先找先行词，关系代词作成分； 缺主宾用which that who,缺状用where when why; 状从无先行词，连接词表逻辑； 时间when while as,.条件if unless as long as; 目的so that in order that,结果so..that such.that; 区分定状看结构，定从修饰先行词，状从修饰全句义。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.If shehere now,she would help us solve the problem. A.is B.was C.were D.will be 2.He didn't realize his mistakehis teacher pointed it out. A.until B.while C.since D.as 3.-hard you try,you can't succeed without proper methods. A.Whatever B.However C.Whenever D.Wherever 4.This is the village_I spent my childhood. A.which B.that C.where D.when 5._I was walking home,I met an old friend. A.When B.While C.As D.Since 6.She_the exam if she had studied for it last week. A.passes B.will pass C.would pass D.would have passed 7.The book _cover is green is mine. A.which B.whose C.that D.where 8.Work hard,you will fail the final test. A.and B.but C.or D.so 9.he is young,he has rich experience in teaching A.Though B.Because C.if D.When 10.We have reached a point_we need to make a decision immediately. A.which B.that C.where D.when 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.If it_(rain)tomorrow,we will cancel the picnic. 2.I didn't go to bed_my father came back last night. 3.-she was reading,her phone rang suddenly. 4.This is the best film _I have ever seen. 5.He studies hard-that he can get into a good university. 6._I were you,I would accept the job offer. 7.The girl_mother is a doctor won the first prize 8.-hard you work,you must take care of your health. 9.She would have passed the exam if she _(study)harder. 10._you come early tomorrow,we can catch the first bus. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） I still remember the day_(1)I first met my English teacher,Mr.Li.He was standing in front of the classroom_(2)he smiled and said,"Hello,everyone!"(3)he spoke,I noticed his kind eyes.He told us that learning English was like building a house-we needed to lay a solid foundation. One day,I failed a test and felt sad.Mr.Li said to me,"(4)you keep practicing every day,you _(5)(improve)soon.His words encouraged me a lot.I started studying harder,and soon my grades improved Last month,I saw Mr.Li again.He looked older,but his smile was the same.He asked about my studies and said,"1'm proud of you.Remember,_(6)difficult something is,-(7)(great)the sense of achievement will be when you overcome it. _(8)I think back to those days,I realize Mr.Li is not just a teacher,but also a friend.The lessons he taught me are not only about English,_(9)about life.I will never forget the time(10)we spent together. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.C2.A3.B4.C5.B6.D7.B8.C9.A10.C 演练二：填空试题 1.rains 2.until 3.While/When/As 4.that 5.so 6.Were 7.whose 8.However 9.had studied 10.If 演练三：语法填空 1.when 2.when 3.As 4.If 5.will improve 6.however 7.the greater 8.When 9.but 10.that/which