必修2 比较级和最高级-备战2025-2026学年高中英语上学期期末语法全解（外研版）

ENGLISH-高中系列资料（外研版） Chapter1比较级和最高级句型非谓语动词 考频分析 比较级和最高级句型是高中英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，涉及试卷多个核心题型： 单项选择1-2题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空1-2题、书面表达（常用结构，影响句子表达的准确性与丰 富性)。在语境理解类题目中，比较级和最高级的形式变化、修饰语搭配及语境应用往往是解题关键。 老查内容 高中英语对比较级和最高级句型的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·基本构成规则：形容词/副词比较级(-er结尾、more/less+-原级)和最高级(-est结尾、most/least+-原 级)的变化规则，不规则变化词(good/well--better-best,bad/badly-worse-worst等)的辨析； ·常用句型结构：”A+be+比较级+than+B”表示两者比较，"A+be+the+最高级+范围介词短语”表示三者 及以上比较，"the+比较级，the+比较级..”表示越.越.； ·语境应用辨析：比较级前可用much、a little、even等修饰词的用法，最高级前定冠词the的省略情况 (作表语且无范围时)，同级比较"as+原级+as”及否定形式”not as/so+原级+as”的应用。 精讲精练 知识点一：比较级和最高级句型 ·1.原级句型（表示两者程度相同或不同） -肯定结构：as+形容词/副词原级+as→例句：She is as tall as her brother.(她和她哥哥一样高) -否定结构：not as/so+形容词副词原级+as→例句：This book is not as interesting as that one.(这 本书不如那本有趣) ·2.比较级句型（表示两者之间的比较） -基本结构：形容词/副词比较级+than→例句：Summer is hotter than spring.(夏天比春天热) -常用修饰语：much,a little,even,far→例句：He runs much faster than me.(他跑得比我快多了) -“the+比较级.，the+比较级.”（越.，越）→例句：The harder you study,.the better grades you will get.(你学习越努力，成绩就越好) ·3.最高级句型（表示三者或以上中最…） -基本结构：the+形容词/副词最高级+in/of短语→例句：Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.(珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山) -常用修饰语：the second,the third→例句：She is the second tallest girl in our class.(她是我们班 第二高的女生) ·4.不规则变化（常见词形变化) -形容词：good/well→better→best;bad/badly/ill→worse→worst;many/much→more→most; little→less→least;far→farther/further→farthest/furthest -例句：口This is the best movie I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最好的电影)口He has less money than his friend.(他的钱比他朋友少) 【即学即练】 1.【原级句型】Which sentence is the correct negative form of"as+原级+as"? A.This pen is as not cheap as that one B.This pen is not as cheap as that one C.This pen is not so cheap as that one. D.Both B and C 2.【比较级句型】请写出"fast”的比较级形式：一 3.【最高级句型】"he+最高级+范围介词短语”中，常用的范围介词有一。 4.【不规则变化】Which one is the superlative form of"bad"? A.worse B.worst C.badest D.more bad 5.【比较级特殊句型】"The more you read,.the more you know.”此句型结构为一，意为一o 高中|英语|外研版|必修2 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（外研版） 知识点二：非谓语动词用法 ·1.动词不定式（表目的、结果、将来） 1.基本结构 -to+动词原形（否定式：not to+动词原形） 2.功能及例句 -作主语：To learn English well is important.(学好英语很重要) -作宾语：She wants to go shopping this afternoon.(她今天下午想去购物) -作目的状语：He got up early to catch the first bus.(他早起是为了赶第一班公交车) -作结果状语（意外结果）：He hurried to the station only to find the train had left.(他匆忙赶到车站， 却发现火车已经开走了) 3.省略to的情况 -使役动词后：let/make/have sb.do sth.(让某人做某事)→例句：My mother makes me clean my room every day..(妈妈让我每天打扫房间) -感官动词后：see/watch/hear/notice sb.do sth.(强调动作全过程)→例句：I saw her enter the classroom.(我看见她走进了教室) ·2.动名词（表主动、抽象、习惯性动作） 1.基本结构 -动词原形+-ing 2.功能及例句 -作主语：Swimming is good for health.(游泳有益健康) -作宾语：He enjoys playing basketball after school.(他喜欢放学后打篮球) -作定语：a reading room(阅览室)、a walking stick(拐杖) 3.常见搭配动词 -enjoy(喜欢)、finish(完成)、practice(练习)、mind(介意)、avoid(避免)、suggest(建议)→ 例句：I practice speaking English every morning.(我每天早上练习说英语) ·3.分词（现在分词和过去分词） 1.现在分词（主动、进行） -结构：动词原形+-ing 一功能： *作定语：a developing country(发展中国家)、boiling water(沸水) *作状语（表主动/伴随）：Walking in the park,she met an old friend.(在公园散步时，她遇到了 一位老朋友) *作宾补：I heard her singing in the next room.(我听见她在隔壁房间唱歌) 2.过去分词（被动、完成） 一结构：动词过去分词 一功能： *作定语：a developed country(发达国家)、boiled water(开水) *作状语（表被动/完成）：Seen from the mountain,the city looks beautiful..(从山上看，这座城市 很美丽) *作宾补：He had his hair cut yesterday.(他昨天剪了头发) 3.区别对比 -现在分词表主动/进行，过去分词表被动/完成→例句：口The falling leaves are beautiful..(正在飘 落的叶子很美)口The fallen leaves cover the ground.(落叶覆盖了地面) ·4.非谓语动词的复合结构 -不定式复合结构：for sb.to do sth..(逻辑主语是sb.)→例句：t's necessary for us to study hard. (我们努力学习是必要的) -动名词复合结构：sb.'s doing sth.(逻辑主语是sb.)→例句：I don't mind his coming late.(我不介 意他迟到) -独立主格结构：名词/代词+分词（前后主语不一致）→例句：Weather permitting,we will have a picnic tomorrow.(如果天气允许，我们明天去野餐) 知识点三：比较级和最高级特殊用法及易错点 ·1.比较级特殊结构（高中常考） 1.比较级+and+比较级（越来越…）→例句：The weather is getting warmer and warmer.(天气 变得越来越暖和) 2.more and more+多音节形容词原级（越来越…）一→例句：Our country is becoming more and more powerful..(我们的国家变得越来越强大) 3.the+比较级+of the two(两者中较…的那个)→例句：He is the taller of the two brothers..(他 是两兄弟中较高的那个) 4.比较级表达最高级含义（否定词+比较级）→例句：No one is more careful than her in our class. (在我们班没人比她更细心了=她是我们班最细心的) ·2.最高级特殊结构（高中易错) 1.one of the+最高级+名词复数（最…之-）→例句：China is one of the largest countries in the wod.(中国是世界上最大的国家之一) 2.the+序数词+最高级+名词单数（第几最…的）→例句：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.(黄河是中国第二长的河) 3.最高级前省略the的情况（作表语且无比较范围时）→例句：/hich season do you like best?(你最 喜欢哪个季节？) 4.最高级修饰语误区(very不可修饰最高级)→错误：He is very tallest in the class..正确：He is by far the tallest in the class.(他是班上迄今为止最高的) ·3.易混淆比较结构（高中难点） 1.than any other+单数名词（同一范围内比较）→例句：Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.(上海比中国任何其他城市都大) 2.than any+单数名词（不同范围比较）→例句：Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan.(上海比 日本任何城市都大) 3.as+原级+as possible(尽可能…)→例句：Please come here as soon as possible.(请尽快来 这里) 4.not so much A as B(与其说A不如说B)→例句：He is not so much a writer as a teacher.(与其 说他是作家不如说他是老师) 高中|英语|外研版|必修2 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（外研版） 考法一：比较级句型辨析 ·核心：根据比较对象数量及语境，判断使用原级、比较级或最高级结构，掌握特殊句型及修饰语搭配 ·真题1（语法填空）： The more you practice,the _(good)your English will become. 一答案：better解析：“the+比较级，he+比较级.”为固定句型，表示“越…，越…”；good的 比较级为better。. ·真题2（单项选择）： This story is_than that one.I like it better. A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting -答案：B解析：由标志词“than”可知需用比较级；多音节形容词interesting的比较级前加more。 ·真题3（单句改错）： -He is the taller student in our class.(找出错误并改正) -答案：taller-→tallest解析：比较范围“in our class”暗示三者以上比较，需用最高级，tal的最高级为 tallest,目前需加the。 考法二：比较级与非谓语动词融合考查 ·核心：结合比较级句型结构（如"the+比较级.the+比较级.”）与非谓语动词（不定式、分词）作状语 或定语的用法，判断语法正确性 ·真题1（语法填空）： -The more time you spend_(read)English novels,the easier you will find it to learn the language. -答案：reading解析：”spend+时间+(in)doing sth.”为固定搭配，此处需用动名词作宾语；结合"the+ 比较级..the+比较级.”结构，填入reading符合语法要求。 ·真题2（单项选择）： She is known for_more carefully than any other student in the class. A.study B.to study C.studying D.studied -答案：C解析："be known for'”后接名词或动名词作宾语，结合比较级结构"more carefully than.”,此 处需用动名词studying,构成”以比其他学生更认真学习而闻名”的语义。 考法三：比较级、最高级与非谓语动词的综合运用 ·核心：结合语境辨析比较级最高级的特殊结构，同时判断非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的功能 及形式变化 ·真题1（单项选择）： -The more you practice_English,the_progress you will make. A.speak better B.speaking greater C.to speak more D.speak the most -答案：B解析：第一空考查动名词作宾语，practice后接动词-ing形式(speaking);第二空考查“the+ 比较级.the+比较级..”结构，progress为不可数名词，用“greater progress'”表示“更大的进步”， 故选B。 ·真题2（语法填空）： --(learn)math well requires much practice,and it's known that the _(hard)you work,the_(good) result you'll get. -答案：Learning harder better解析：第一空考查动名词作主语，需用Learning;第二、三空考查“the+ 比较级..the+比较级.”结构，hard的比较级为harder,,good的比较级为better。 高中|英语|外研版|必修2 ENGLISH-高中系列资料（外研版） 解题小妙招 比较对象看数量，两者比较用比较级； 三者以上最高级，范围标志要牢记； "the+比较级..the+比较级..”，越.越..是固定； 修饰比较级有讲究，much a little能加强； 非谓融合看搭配，spend practice后接doing; be known for加名词，动名词形式常相伴； 比较级前有than,最高级前the莫忘。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.This restaurant is _than the one we visited last week.The food here tastes better. A.good B.better C.best D.the best 2.The-you exercise,the-your physical condition will be. A.more regularly better B.regular better C.most regularly best D.regularly good 3.He is known forharder than any other student in his grade. A.study B.to study C.studying D.studied 4.This is one of themovies I have ever watched.I cried several times. A.moving B.more moving C.most moving D.the most moving 5.She hurried to the airport only_that the flight had been canceled. A.finding B.to find C.found D.find 6.Which city is,Beijing or Shanghai? A.large B.larger C.largest D.the largest 7.-_English every day is helpful for improving your pronunciation. A.Practice B.To practice C.Practicing D.Practiced 8.The girl was seen_into the library just now. A.go B.to go C.going D.gone 9.He has_books than his sister,but_time to read them. A.more less B.many little C.most least D.much fewer 10.No one in our class is_careful as Lucy when doing homework. A.as B.so C.more D.most 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The Yellow River is the second_(long)river in China. 2.She wants_(buy)a new dress for her birthday party. 3.The_(much)you learn,the more confident you will feel. 4.I enjoy_(listen)to music while doing homework 5.This problem is not so(difficult)as I expected. 6.He is the_(tall)boy in our school basketball team. 7.-(learn)a foreign language well takes a lot of time and effort. 8.The teacher told us_(not be)late for class again. 9.The weather is getting__and_(cold)as winter comes. 10.She has_(little)money than her brother,but she spends_(much)on books. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） *阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。* Many people dream of 1.-(travel)around the world,but few realize how challenging it can be.The 2. -(far)you go from home,the more you need to prepare.To avoid 3.-(lose)your way,it's important 4._(learn)basic phrases in the local language. One of the 5._(exciting)parts of traveling is trying new foods.However,some dishes may be 6.-(spicy) than what you are used to.Remember 7.-(drink)plenty of water if you feel uncomfortable. 8._(walk)through ancient streets can make you feel like you're in a history book.Local people often enjoy 9.-(share)stories about their culture,so don't be afraid to ask questions.The 10.(much)you interact with them,the richer your travel experience will be. 参考答案 演练一：单项选择 1.B2.A3.C4.C5.B6.B7.C8.B9.A10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.longest 2.to buy 3.more 4.listening 5.difficult 6.tallest 7.Learning 8.not to be 9.colder colder 10.less more 演练三：语法填空 1.traveling 2.farther/further 3.losing 4.to learn 5.most exciting 6.spicier 7.to drink 8.Walking 9.sharing 10.more 高中|英语|外研版|必修2