Unit 1 Lights,camera,action! Extended reading - Project 导学案-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版（2019）必修第二册

年 级：高一 科 目：英语 内 容：B2 U1-3 Extended reading - Project 【同步知识梳理】 知识点1：despite 原文：Despite an IQ of 75,he lives a truly amazing life.尽管智商为75，但他过着真正令人惊叹的生活。(教材P11) despite prep. 即使，尽管 despite + 后跟名词 / 代词 / doing = in spite of despite the fact that.....尽管..... Despite the heavy traffic,he managed to come on time.尽管交通拥挤，但他还是设法准时到达了。 Joe is a good basketball player despite being short and fat. 尽管又矮又胖，乔依然是一位优秀的篮球运动员。 Despite the fact that he had his ankle injured last week,he won the race. 他尽管上周脚踝受伤了，还是赢了赛跑。 例题训练： 1.尽管下着雨，他还是来帮助我了。 __________________________________________ 2.她尽管开车去的机场，但还是误了飞机。 __________________________________________ 3.______all his efforts he failed. 4.He went ahead and did it,regardless__________the consequences. 4.尽管下着雨，我们还是出去了。 (1)We went out_________the rain. (2)We went out__________the rain. 知识点2：major 原文：He sees, and sometimes influences, some of the major events of the United States….他见证，有时影响了美国的一些重大事件。(教材P11) （1）major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的（一般作定语，无比较级） n. (大学的）主修科目 vi. 主修 major in主修……(专业) The car needs major repairs. 这车需要大修。 Her major is history. 她的主修科目是历史。 He is majoring in French. 他主修法语。 majority n. 大多数 be in the/a majority 占大多数 a/the majority of..大多数…… minority n. 少数 be in /the minority 占少数，成为少数派 minor adj.较小的，次要的 The majority of students support the idea that they can major in what they are interested in.However,some parents think that their children should take their advice into consideration this is where the major difference lies.大多数的学生支持这样的想法，即他们可以主修他们感兴趣的专业。然而，一些父母却认为他们的孩子应该考虑他们的建议。这就是主要分歧所在。 例题训练： ①Unemployment is _____________ of poverty. 失业是贫困的主要原因。 ②I want to ______________ because I have long wondered about the origin of life. 我想要主修生物学，因为我一直在思考生命的起源。 ③_______________ people interviewed prefer TV to radio. 大多数接受采访的人都喜欢看电视多于听收音机。 （2）event n[C]发生的事情，（尤指）重要事情，大事 n.[C]公开活动，社交场合；（体育运动的）比赛项目 the cultural event of the year 本年度最重要的文化活动 a major sporting event一场重大的体育赛事 A daughter's marriage is quite an event for a father.女儿的婚烟对父亲而言确实是一件大事。 The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening,making it one of the most popular events in gardening,这个活动为庆祝其22周年，举办了一场最好的园艺表演，并使其成为园艺界最受欢迎的活动之一。 The 800-meter race is the fourth event of his afternoon.800米赛跑是今天下午的第四个比赛项目。 例题训练：判断下列句子event 的含义 1.The most attractive event in the sports meet was the gymnastics competition.____________ 2.Many journalists have been sent to report the event since the earthquake happened.____________ 3.Our teacher encourages us to take an active part in all kinds of social events.___________ 知识点3：pull up 原文：The bus pulls up as Mrs Gump prepares Forrest for his first day of school.在甘太太为福雷斯特第一天上学做准备时，校车停了下来。(教材P11) pull up停车（不及物短语） A truck pulled up as I was walking along the footpath,and the driver asked me the way to the factory. 我沿着小路散步时，一辆卡车停了下来，司机问我去工厂的路。 He pulled up at the traffic lights.他在红绿灯处停了车。 up相关短语： give up放弃 pick up拾起；开车去接；（偶然）学会 turn up调高（音量）；露面 set up建立；开办 put up建造，搭建；张贴 use up用完，用尽 bring up抚养；提出；呕吐 take up开始从事；占据 pull构成的其他短语： pull out(列车等)出站 pull in(列车等）进站；（汽车等）靠边停下 pull through(使）恢复健康；（使）渡过难关 Pull together齐心协力 pull away 汽车开走 pull down拆毁；摧毁 Pull over把车停在路边 例题训练：用”动词+up”型短语完成句子 1.Whatever may happen,we are not going to_________our determined plan. 2.Napping(打盹）spaces are nothing new;laces to rest have already been__________ in other big cities in the world. 3.The driver in front of us________as the traffic light changed to red. 4.The taxi pulled________ and the driver jumped out. 5.When you hear an ambulance behind you,you should pull________. 知识点4：step up 原文：The bus driver smiles as Forest steps up into the bus.当福雷斯特上车时，校车司机笑了。(教材P11) step up ①走上前去；不及物动词；常和介词into、onto搭配使用 ②增加；提高（数量、速度）；及物动词短语，后面要接宾语 The teacher stepped up onto the platform and began the lesson.老师走上讲台开始上课。 When Jack found that he was going to be late,he stepped up his pace. 当杰克发现自己将要迟到时，他加快了步伐。 归纳拓展：step构成的其他搭配 take steps to do sth.采取措施做某事 step by step一步一步地，逐渐地 out of step不合拍；（想法)不一致 Step by step he gained the children's love and respect.他逐渐得到孩子们的喜爱和尊敬。 George is always out of step with the music.乔治总是与音乐不合拍。 例题训练：判断下列句子中step up的含义 1.When Mary heard the manager calling her name,she stepped up to receive her prize._____________ 2.He has stepped up his training to prepare for the race._____________ 知识点5：recall 原文：I...don't recall what I got for my first Christmas and I don't know when I went on my first outdoor picnic.我，我不记得收到的第一份圣诞礼物是什么，也不记得第一次户外野餐是什么时候。(教材P12) recall v. 回想，回忆起；召回，收回 n. 召回令，回收令；记忆力 recall doing sth.想起/记得做某事 I can't recall the exact details of the report. 我记不起报告的确切细节。 The makers have recalled a lot of cars that were unsafe. 制造商已将许多不安全的小汽车召回了。 She has amazing powers of recall. 她有惊人的记忆力。 知识点6：助动词do强调谓语动词 原文：But, I do remember the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world.但是，我却记得第一次听到这广阔世界上最甜美的声音。(教材P12) do/does/did＋动词原形，用于强调谓语，加强语气，意为“确实做了……”。应注意如下几点： （1）句子中不能有其他的助动词。 Do be careful with that vase!务必小心那个花瓶！ （2）do可以有时态的变化，但只用于一般现在时和一般过去时，且只用于肯定句中。 He does speak well!他的确讲得很精彩。 He did come but soon went back.他的确来过，但很快就回去了。 （3）do还用于祈使句中表示强调。 Do come with us.请一定要和我们一起去 Please!Do be quiet for a moment!求求你们！安静一会儿！ 知识点7：all the way 原文：I just sat next to her on that bus and had a conversation all the way to school.在那辆校车上我就坐在她旁边，我们一路聊天到学校。(教材P12) all the way意为“一路，全程；一直”，在句中做状语。 We got there by driving slow all the way.我们开车去了那里，一路上开得很慢。 I’ll support you all the way.我会一直支持你。 归纳拓展：way的短语 in this way 以这种方法 In no way决不，无论如何都不（放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序） on one's way to…在某人去……的途中；即将成为… give way(to)让步；屈服 in the way 挡路；碍事 We refused to give way to their demands. 我们拒绝对他们的要求让步。 On my way to New York,I stopped over in Tokyo for two days.我在去纽约的途中在东京停了两天。 例题训练： (1)We can allow such a thing to continue________ _________ __________. (2)You will soon receive the parcel for it is_________ __________ _________. (3)You can solve this problem only_________ ________ ________. (4)Even if I have to walk________ _______ ________,I'll get there. (5)Please take them away;they are________ ________ ________. (6)Germs may get into the body____ ______ _________the mouth. 【精题精练精讲】 一、单句语法填空 1. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical __________American actors. 2.The daily number of newly__________ (cure) and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases. 3. Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company__________ ( eventual) settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. 4. Helen Mirren stars __________the play by Peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK.(major) 5. However, the __________ (major)of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 6. Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 7.If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time __________ (recall) the gardens of your youth. 8. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled __________ a chair. 9. When they were free from work, they invited us to local __________ (event) and let us know of an interesting competition to watch. 10. __________ the celebrations, though,in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older.11.He waved ____________ us when he saw us. 12.I can recall ____________ (get) many gifts from my grandparents on my birthdays and many other occasions. 13.____________ any event,the bowling alley restaurant proved quite acceptable. 14.I am always weak in math in high school,so I think I will choose to major ____________ literature in college. 15.Despite ____________ (want) to see him again,she refused to reply to his letters. 16.The children all have very different ____________ (person). 二、短语填空 pull up, come along, step up, drive away, look up, look around, sit down, in advance 1.You should prepare your lessons __________________ as you did before. 2.The man we followed suddenly stopped and __________________ as if to see whether he was going in the right direction. 3.He __________________ and something in the tree caught his eye. 4.There is a lecture tonight and you’re welcome to __________________. 5.The lion’s approach __________________ the small animals. 6.We are supposed to __________________ reform to achieve our goal. 7.He __________________ and waited while the operator put through his call. 8.The cab __________________ and the driver jumped out. 三、完成句子 1.我们确实希望你能参加我们的这次活动。(强调谓语) We ____________________________________ you can join us at this event. 2.他只是脾气暴躁些,并不难相处。(形容词+不定式) He’s a bit quick-tempered, but ____________________________________. 3.他说的每件事都合理，是吧?(反意疑问句) Everything that he said is reasonable, ____________________________________? 4.他们何时能完成任务还未知。(主谓一致) When they could finish the task ____________________________________. 5.尽管他是一名在职业生涯中取得成功的体育记者，但米奇·阿博姆认为他的生活中缺少了一些东西。(despite) ____________________________________ with a successful career, Mitch Albom feels that there is something missing from his life. 【能力拓展训练】 一、七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Four Ways to Beat the Monday Blues For most workers and students, Monday is the toughest day, which implies that the happy weekend is over, while the new week of work and study has just begun. However, Monday always comes as usual. ____1____ The following four tips can help you greet the coming week full of energy. ____2____ Instead of focusing on the difficult tasks that lie ahead of you, you can make a list by writing down some things that you are looking forward to. A good place to start is to think of one thing you are excited about for each category: at work, after work, and at the weekend. Sleep has a huge effect on our mood. According to Harvard Medical School, “poor sleep can cause easy anger and stress, while healthy sleep can increase well-being.” So, next time if you find yourself a little more short-tempered than normal, sleep may be the answer.____3____It’s worth taking this into consideration on Sunday to avoid a lack of energy on a Monday morning. Don’t underestimate（低估）the power of clothing. In fact, psychologists conclude that the strong link between clothing and mood suggests we should put on clothes that we associate with happiness, even when feeling low.____4____ Keep Monday’s schedule a little lighter than other days. After a weekend of fun, don’t give yourself a too tight schedule, please take it easy.____5____It means putting some time into the easier tasks. Putting less pressure on yourself is a good way to beat the Monday Blues. A. Just do small and easy things. B. Think about all the good to come. C. Since you can’t escape, you’d better face it bravely! D. This doesn’t mean sitting around and being lost in your blues. E. Reduce Monday Blues by allowing yourself to do everything with more ease. F. In short, nothing is better than wearing what makes you feel great on Monday! G. Take a nap to energize or get to bed earlier tonight to make up for sleep. 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 This is a story of a penguin（企鹅）that swims 5, 000 miles to a ____1____ in Brazil every year in order to visit the man who saved his life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but it’s true！ Joao Pereira de Souza is a 71-year-old retired worker and part-time ____2____. He lives in an island village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He found the small penguin ____3____ on rocks at his local beach in 2015. The penguin was starving and covered in oil. Joao ____4____ the penguin, naming him Din Din, ____5____ the oil off his feathers（羽毛）and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild his ____6____. When Din Din ____7____, Mr. de Souza set him free into the sea, ____8____ expecting to see his new friend again. The little guy wasn’t gone long, though, and just a few months later, he was back at the same beach. He ____9____ Joao fishing and followed him home, staying with him for the rest of the year. ____10____, this cycle has ____11____ over the past five years. Each year Din Din stays with Joao for about eight months and is believed to ____12____ the rest of the time breeding（繁殖）on the Patagonia coasts of Argentina and Chile. “I love the penguin like he’s my own child and I believe the penguin loves me,” Joao told Globo TV. “No one else is allowed to touch him. He ____13____ them if they do. But he lies on my lap, lets me give him showers and allows me to feed him ____14____.” Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV, said: “I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his ____15____ and probably a penguin as well.” 1. A. stream B. dam C. beach D. rock 2. A. guide B. author C. teacher D. fisherman 3. A. sleeping B. lying C. playing D. climbing 4. A. kicked B. comforted C. recognized D. rescued 5. A. cleaned B. collected C. applied D. painted 6. A. function B. strength C. attention D. emotion 7. A. suffered B. recovered C. protested D. returned 8. A. only B. just C. ever D. never 9. A. inspired B. noticed C. attracted D. imagined 10. A. Amazingly B. Anxiously C. Frighteningly D. Embarrassingly 11. A. stopped B. disappeared C. improved D. continued 12. A. waste B. devote C. balance D. spend 13. A. attacks B. forgives C. appreciates D. traps 14. A. coffee B. grass C. fish D. shells 15. A. habitat B. family C. life D. body 三、语篇填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’s well known that Chinese women’s volleyball team ____1____ (be) the national pride since it first won the championship in 1981. Whenever there was a competition for them, people across the country would cheer for them. But few knew how hard they worked ____2____ (make) it look so easy. The movie Leap, ____3____ hit Chinese mainland on Sept 25, 2020, tells us the story behind the team. It shows several generations of volleyball players and their journey ____4____ becoming an international powerhouse. What attracted people most were not only their ____5____ (impress) skills but also the mental strength they showed in the competition. To win the match, China’s ladies trained hard, ____6____ (live) a dull daily life of never-ending practice. ____7____, they refused to quit working even after the stadium lights had gone out. The road to the championship is not ____8____ smooth one. The Chinese women’s volleyball team has fallen to troughs(低谷). It is their spirits of never giving up and the strong determination ____9____ have led them to go through 40 years of ups and downs. It has ____10____ (gradual) become a legend in the hearts of Chinese people. 【课后巩固训练】 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 1.Travel Hi! I’m a medical student and work in London on Sundays. I need a lift. I start work at 7:30 and I mustn’t be late, but I haven’t got transport. I 'm happy to share the cost of petrol. I like rock music and computer games. Text or phone 07777531245 anytime.Elena 2.Contacts Are you self-confident? Do you like meeting new people?I want to go to Australia in the summer and work there, then visit some other countries. I like playing basketball and I enjoy dancing. Do you want to come with me?Email AdrianAB@nunet.com. 3.Accommodation I’m a first-year art student and want to share a flat or house in the city center. I can pay up to $300 a month. I like shopping and going out. I don’t enjoy living in the student hostel. If you share my lifestyle and have some space at your place, phone Carola:07879345621 4.Contacts Does anyone have friends in Portugal or Brazil? I’m a modern languages student and I want to have an e-mail penfriend who speaks Portuguese. I like swimming and pop music. I’m not a serious person.I like to party with my friends.Write to Henry.happyfoot@nunet.com. 5.Accommodation I’ve got a small house near the campus and I want to share it with one other person. You must be tidy. I like playing chess and listening to classical music. I’m a final-year physics student. Come and see the room on Saturday morning. Maggie,142 Bennett road(behind the Science Faculty building). 1. Why did Elena post on Students Space? A. To find someone who has the same interests. B. To share some information about music. C. To look for a part-time weekend job. D. To ask someone to give her a lift. 2. What should you do if you want to travel abroad with a new friend? A. Call 07777531245 B. Call 07879345621 C. Email AdrianAB23@nunet.com D. EmailHenry.happyfoot@nenet.com 3. What do Carola and Maggie have in common? A. They are free to meet people on Saturday. B. They have the same purpose for posting. C. They share the same hobbies. D. They are final-year students. B In some parts of China, mainly in Anhui Province and Zhejiang Province, spread groups of grey-tiled and white-walled houses, forming one of the most typical scenes captured in traditional Chinese landscape paintings. It is Hui-style architecture, one of the major Chinese architectural styles of ancient times. Hui-style architecture developed into a significant building school in the Song Dynasty. In the mid-Ming Dynasty, gardens and houses constructed with Hui styles developed very quickly along with the success of Hui commerce (商业). Hui-style architecture soon stepped out from Huizhou and was introduced to big towns. Hui-style architecture is characterized by the arrangement of villages together with nature, and a simple and beautiful exterior (外观). Hui-style houses are usually ones with skylights (天井). With a square skylight surrounded by houses from four sides or from left, right and backside, these houses can reduce the beat of sunshine and enjoy ventilation (通风). All the houses gathers water from the skylight which means fortune will not run off outside. In ancient times, the colors used for buildings were very strict Bright colors could only be used in palaces, temples and for government officials. So people in Huizhou chose the black and white colors to paint their houses. Generally speaking, the exterior appearance of Hui-style buildings differs little while their interior can vary a lot based on the wishes of the owners. Home decoration is characterized by three types of Hui carving: stone carving, wood carving and brick carving. To take a look at the Hui-style architecture, Xidi Village in Yixian County, Anhui Province, is the best place to go. It is a site of typical Hui houses, and one of the “Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui” that have been collectively listed as a World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO. 4. What can we learn about Hui-style architecture? A. It is common across China. B. It differs greatly exteriorly. C. It focuses on landscape paintings. D. It wins international recognition. 5. What aspect of Hui-style architecture does paragraph 4 talk about? A. Its interior appearance. B. Its roof structure. C. Its practical functions. D. Its strange shapes. 6. Why are Hui-style buildings mostly black and white? A. Bright colors were strictly controlled. B. Bright colors caused fortune to run of. C. Light colors best fit in with nature. D. Light colors could reflect sunshine. 7. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To advertise UNESCO. B. To share information on visits. C. To introduce a heritage site. D. To call for protection. C Scientists have created the first lab-grown coffee, which they say “smells and tastes like the real thing”. The Finland-based researchers used a process called cellublar agriculture, which includes taking out cells from a small plant or animal sample. In the latest example of lab-grown options, cell samples were taken from Arabica, a popular coffee plant that makes up 56 per cent of global production. With lab-grown coffee, the researchers say that they can deal with problems facing the global coffee industry, such as a need for clearing space for coffee plants to keep up with an increasing need for the drink worldwide. The research is being conducted at VTT Technical Research Centre based in Espoo, Finland — the country that drinks the most coffee per person. “The process uses read coffee plant cells,” Dr. Heiko Rischer, head of plant biotechnology at Finland’s VTT research center, said. “At first, a cell culture is started from a plant part, for example, a leaf. The formed cells reproduced on a specific nutrient medium. In the end, the cells are transported to a bioreactor from which the biomass is then harvested. The cells are dried and roasted then coffee can be brewed.” The first collection produced by VTT in their laboratory smells and tastes like traditional coffee, according to the results of a “sensory analysis”. After drinking a cup, Dr. Rischer said, “There is a surprisingly full smell. In terms of smell and taste, our trained sensory judgement and analytical examination has found the coffee bears similarity to ordinary coffee,” he said. “The experience of drinking the very first cup was exciting.” The idea that coffee cells could be used to make coffee was presented back in 1974 by plant scientist P.M. Townsley. But the VTT scientists have put the theory into practice with their lab-grown brew, which they think could hit the market by 2025. 8. What might be one of the causes of creating lab-grown coffee? A. Dr. Heiko has been devoted to genetically engineering. B. There exists an increasing demand market of coffee. C. People in Finland drink the most amount of coffee. D. The idea is based on a theory proving to be practical. 9. What does the underline word “brewed” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Produced. B. Designed. C. Collected. D. Measured. 10. What advantage does the lab-grown coffee have over the traditional one? A. Lab-grown coffee makes people drinking it more excited. B. Lab-grown coffee can be judged through people’s senses. C. Lab-grown coffee tastes and smells better than ordinary coffee. D. Lab-grown coffee can be made in labs and therefore save space. 11. What is the main purpose of this article? A. To praise scientists sticking with creation. B. To solve coffee shortage troubling people. C. To introduce a new kind of Arabica coffee. D. To present a research on man- made coffee. D In the spring of 1990, I was at a racing event in Columbus, Ohio, and the guy who was hosting said, “Hey, do you want to see my new baby?” I said, “Sure.” We went out and there it was, a little red sports car. I asked if I could sit in it and when I did, I put my left hand on the steering wheel and my right on the shifter. I said to myself, “It just feels right.” Soon after, I started seeing billboards and print advertisements. Mazda’s motto for the new car was, “It just feels right.” Total coincidence (巧合). At the time, I was under contract (合约) to race with Ford Motor Co., and so I always had Ford cars. I didn’t need a new car, but I bought one anyway — a Miata from its very first model year. There wasn’t anything like the Miata at the time — a new, small, two-seat convertible sports car. And this one hit every mark. It had cool style, it was affordable, it had durability (耐用), performance, and economy. I was living in South Florida and it was a perfect place to drive with the top down. The car loved to go fast. I certainly got some tickets for speeding. It was the kind of car that made you want to go into garage (车库) so you could say good night to it. Now, so many years later, I can look back and say that I have never owned any car for more than three years except this one, which I have owned for over three decades. It amazes me that when I first saw it, I’d never heard of the Miata. Now you see them everywhere, and it has its own successful racing series, the MX-5 Cup. About five years ago, I was going to visit my daughter who lived in San Francisco, and I learned that Tom Matano—who led the design of this car for Mazda — was working in San Francisco. I made an appointment and I met him. To me, it was like meeting Enzo Ferrari if you are a Ferrari nut. He turned out to be the most modest, delightful human being, and it was an honor to get to know him. These days I still drive the Miata to its fullest. Recently I went on a road trip with one of my favorite girlfriends. We were on a straight road that had no speed limit. I was hauling at 120mph. The car was happy as a camper, as they say, and so was its driver. 12. Which of the following best describes the author’s Miata? A. Attractive and tough. B. Modern and large. C. Small and traditional. D. Fashionable and expensive. 13. What can we know about the author from the passage? A. She was the designer of Mazda. B. She preferred Ford to Mazda. C. She once worked with Tom Matano. D. She thought highly of Miata. 14. Why does the author mention Enzo Ferrari in the last paragraph? A. To recommend a new car. B. To explain her routine. C. To express her excitement. D. To introduce Enzo Ferrari. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Becoming a fan of Ferrari B. “Feeling right” in my Miata C. “Feeling proud” in my Ford D. Dreaming of having a Mazda 二、应用文写作 假如你是李华，你校太极俱乐部(Tai Chi Club)正在招新，请你写一封邮件邀请你校交换生Jack加入，内容包括： 1.来信目的； 2.介绍太极（不少于两点）； 3.表达祝愿。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua ( 3 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 年 级：高一 科 目：英语 内 容：B2 U1-3 Extended reading - Project 【同步知识梳理】 知识点1：despite 原文：Despite an IQ of 75,he lives a truly amazing life.尽管智商为75，但他过着真正令人惊叹的生活。(教材P11) despite prep. 即使，尽管 despite + 后跟名词 / 代词 / doing = in spite of despite the fact that.....尽管..... Despite the heavy traffic,he managed to come on time.尽管交通拥挤，但他还是设法准时到达了。 Joe is a good basketball player despite being short and fat. 尽管又矮又胖，乔依然是一位优秀的篮球运动员。 Despite the fact that he had his ankle injured last week,he won the race. 他尽管上周脚踝受伤了，还是赢了赛跑。 例题训练： 1.尽管下着雨，他还是来帮助我了。 __________________________________________ 2.她尽管开车去的机场，但还是误了飞机。 __________________________________________ 3.______all his efforts he failed. 4.He went ahead and did it,regardless__________the consequences. 4.尽管下着雨，我们还是出去了。 (1)We went out_________the rain. (2)We went out__________the rain. 【答案】 1.He came to help me despite/in spite of the rain. 2.Despite/In spite of driving to the airport,she missed the plane. 3.Despite 4.of 5. despite 6. in site of 知识点2：major 原文：He sees, and sometimes influences, some of the major events of the United States….他见证，有时影响了美国的一些重大事件。(教材P11) （1）major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的（一般作定语，无比较级） n. (大学的）主修科目 vi. 主修 major in主修……(专业) The car needs major repairs. 这车需要大修。 Her major is history. 她的主修科目是历史。 He is majoring in French. 他主修法语。 majority n. 大多数 be in the/a majority 占大多数 a/the majority of..大多数…… minority n. 少数 be in /the minority 占少数，成为少数派 minor adj.较小的，次要的 The majority of students support the idea that they can major in what they are interested in.However,some parents think that their children should take their advice into consideration this is where the major difference lies.大多数的学生支持这样的想法，即他们可以主修他们感兴趣的专业。然而，一些父母却认为他们的孩子应该考虑他们的建议。这就是主要分歧所在。 例题训练： ①Unemployment is _____________ of poverty. 失业是贫困的主要原因。 ②I want to ______________ because I have long wondered about the origin of life. 我想要主修生物学，因为我一直在思考生命的起源。 ③_______________ people interviewed prefer TV to radio. 大多数接受采访的人都喜欢看电视多于听收音机。 Keys：①a major cause ②major in biology ③The majority of （2）event n[C]发生的事情，（尤指）重要事情，大事 n.[C]公开活动，社交场合；（体育运动的）比赛项目 the cultural event of the year 本年度最重要的文化活动 a major sporting event一场重大的体育赛事 A daughter's marriage is quite an event for a father.女儿的婚烟对父亲而言确实是一件大事。 The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening,making it one of the most popular events in gardening,这个活动为庆祝其22周年，举办了一场最好的园艺表演，并使其成为园艺界最受欢迎的活动之一。 The 800-meter race is the fourth event of his afternoon.800米赛跑是今天下午的第四个比赛项目。 例题训练：判断下列句子event 的含义 1.The most attractive event in the sports meet was the gymnastics competition.____________ 2.Many journalists have been sent to report the event since the earthquake happened.____________ 3.Our teacher encourages us to take an active part in all kinds of social events.___________ 【答案】比赛项目、重要的事情；大事、公开活动 知识点3：pull up 原文：The bus pulls up as Mrs Gump prepares Forrest for his first day of school.在甘太太为福雷斯特第一天上学做准备时，校车停了下来。(教材P11) pull up停车（不及物短语） A truck pulled up as I was walking along the footpath,and the driver asked me the way to the factory. 我沿着小路散步时，一辆卡车停了下来，司机问我去工厂的路。 He pulled up at the traffic lights.他在红绿灯处停了车。 up相关短语： give up放弃 pick up拾起；开车去接；（偶然）学会 turn up调高（音量）；露面 set up建立；开办 put up建造，搭建；张贴 use up用完，用尽 bring up抚养；提出；呕吐 take up开始从事；占据 pull构成的其他短语： pull out(列车等)出站 pull in(列车等）进站；（汽车等）靠边停下 pull through(使）恢复健康；（使）渡过难关 Pull together齐心协力 pull away 汽车开走 pull down拆毁；摧毁 Pull over把车停在路边 例题训练：用”动词+up”型短语完成句子 1.Whatever may happen,we are not going to_________our determined plan. 2.Napping(打盹）spaces are nothing new;laces to rest have already been__________ in other big cities in the world. 3.The driver in front of us________as the traffic light changed to red. 4.The taxi pulled________ and the driver jumped out. 5.When you hear an ambulance behind you,you should pull________. 【答案】1.give up 2.set up 3.pulled up 4.up 5. over 知识点4：step up 原文：The bus driver smiles as Forest steps up into the bus.当福雷斯特上车时，校车司机笑了。(教材P11) step up ①走上前去；不及物动词；常和介词into、onto搭配使用 ②增加；提高（数量、速度）；及物动词短语，后面要接宾语 The teacher stepped up onto the platform and began the lesson.老师走上讲台开始上课。 When Jack found that he was going to be late,he stepped up his pace. 当杰克发现自己将要迟到时，他加快了步伐。 归纳拓展：step构成的其他搭配 take steps to do sth.采取措施做某事 step by step一步一步地，逐渐地 out of step不合拍；（想法)不一致 Step by step he gained the children's love and respect.他逐渐得到孩子们的喜爱和尊敬。 George is always out of step with the music.乔治总是与音乐不合拍。 例题训练：判断下列句子中step up的含义 1.When Mary heard the manager calling her name,she stepped up to receive her prize._____________ 2.He has stepped up his training to prepare for the race._____________ 【答案】1.走上前去。句意：当玛丽听到经理贼她的名字的时候，她走上前去领奖。 2.增加。句意：他为准备那场赛跑加强了训练。 知识点5：recall 原文：I...don't recall what I got for my first Christmas and I don't know when I went on my first outdoor picnic.我，我不记得收到的第一份圣诞礼物是什么，也不记得第一次户外野餐是什么时候。(教材P12) recall v. 回想，回忆起；召回，收回 n. 召回令，回收令；记忆力 recall doing sth.想起/记得做某事 I can't recall the exact details of the report. 我记不起报告的确切细节。 The makers have recalled a lot of cars that were unsafe. 制造商已将许多不安全的小汽车召回了。 She has amazing powers of recall. 她有惊人的记忆力。 知识点6：助动词do强调谓语动词 原文：But, I do remember the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world.但是，我却记得第一次听到这广阔世界上最甜美的声音。(教材P12) do/does/did＋动词原形，用于强调谓语，加强语气，意为“确实做了……”。应注意如下几点： （1）句子中不能有其他的助动词。 Do be careful with that vase!务必小心那个花瓶！ （2）do可以有时态的变化，但只用于一般现在时和一般过去时，且只用于肯定句中。 He does speak well!他的确讲得很精彩。 He did come but soon went back.他的确来过，但很快就回去了。 （3）do还用于祈使句中表示强调。 Do come with us.请一定要和我们一起去 Please!Do be quiet for a moment!求求你们！安静一会儿！ 知识点7：all the way 原文：I just sat next to her on that bus and had a conversation all the way to school.在那辆校车上我就坐在她旁边，我们一路聊天到学校。(教材P12) all the way意为“一路，全程；一直”，在句中做状语。 We got there by driving slow all the way.我们开车去了那里，一路上开得很慢。 I’ll support you all the way.我会一直支持你。 归纳拓展：way的短语 in this way 以这种方法 In no way决不，无论如何都不（放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序） on one's way to…在某人去……的途中；即将成为… give way(to)让步；屈服 in the way 挡路；碍事 We refused to give way to their demands. 我们拒绝对他们的要求让步。 On my way to New York,I stopped over in Tokyo for two days.我在去纽约的途中在东京停了两天。 例题训练： (1)We can allow such a thing to continue________ _________ __________. (2)You will soon receive the parcel for it is_________ __________ _________. (3)You can solve this problem only_________ ________ ________. (4)Even if I have to walk________ _______ ________,I'll get there. (5)Please take them away;they are________ ________ ________. (6)Germs may get into the body____ ______ _________the mouth. 【答案】(1)in no way (2)on the way(3）in this way (4)all the way(5)in the way (6)by way of 【精题精练精讲】 一、单句语法填空 1. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical __________American actors. 2.The daily number of newly__________ (cure) and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases. 3. Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company__________ ( eventual) settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. 4. Helen Mirren stars __________the play by Peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK.(major) 5. However, the __________ (major)of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 6. Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 7.If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time __________ (recall) the gardens of your youth. 8. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled __________ a chair. 9. When they were free from work, they invited us to local __________ (event) and let us know of an interesting competition to watch. 10. __________ the celebrations, though,in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older. 11.He waved ____________ us when he saw us. 12.I can recall ____________ (get) many gifts from my grandparents on my birthdays and many other occasions. 13.____________ any event,the bowling alley restaurant proved quite acceptable. 14.I am always weak in math in high school,so I think I will choose to major ____________ literature in college. 15.Despite ____________ (want) to see him again,she refused to reply to his letters. 16.The children all have very different ____________ (person). 二、短语填空 pull up, come along, step up, drive away, look up, look around, sit down, in advance 1.You should prepare your lessons __________________ as you did before. 2.The man we followed suddenly stopped and __________________ as if to see whether he was going in the right direction. 3.He __________________ and something in the tree caught his eye. 4.There is a lecture tonight and you’re welcome to __________________. 5.The lion’s approach __________________ the small animals. 6.We are supposed to __________________ reform to achieve our goal. 7.He __________________ and waited while the operator put through his call. 8.The cab __________________ and the driver jumped out. 三、完成句子 1.我们确实希望你能参加我们的这次活动。(强调谓语) We ____________________________________ you can join us at this event. 2.他只是脾气暴躁些,并不难相处。(形容词+不定式) He’s a bit quick-tempered, but ____________________________________. 3.他说的每件事都合理，是吧?(反意疑问句) Everything that he said is reasonable, ____________________________________? 4.他们何时能完成任务还未知。(主谓一致) When they could finish the task ____________________________________. 5.尽管他是一名在职业生涯中取得成功的体育记者，但米奇·阿博姆认为他的生活中缺少了一些东西。(despite) ____________________________________ with a successful career, Mitch Albom feels that there is something missing from his life. 一、单句语法填空 of;cured; eventually; in;majority; where; to recall; up;events; Despite; to/at; getting; In; in; wanting; personalities 二、短语填空 1.in advance 2.looked around 3.looked up 4 come along 5.drove away 6.step up 7.sat down 8.pulled up 三、完成句子 1.do hope 2.not difficult to get along with 3.isn’t it 4.is unknown yet 5.Despite being a sports journalist 【能力拓展训练】 一、七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Four Ways to Beat the Monday Blues For most workers and students, Monday is the toughest day, which implies that the happy weekend is over, while the new week of work and study has just begun. However, Monday always comes as usual. ____1____ The following four tips can help you greet the coming week full of energy. ____2____ Instead of focusing on the difficult tasks that lie ahead of you, you can make a list by writing down some things that you are looking forward to. A good place to start is to think of one thing you are excited about for each category: at work, after work, and at the weekend. Sleep has a huge effect on our mood. According to Harvard Medical School, “poor sleep can cause easy anger and stress, while healthy sleep can increase well-being.” So, next time if you find yourself a little more short-tempered than normal, sleep may be the answer.____3____It’s worth taking this into consideration on Sunday to avoid a lack of energy on a Monday morning. Don’t underestimate（低估）the power of clothing. In fact, psychologists conclude that the strong link between clothing and mood suggests we should put on clothes that we associate with happiness, even when feeling low.____4____ Keep Monday’s schedule a little lighter than other days. After a weekend of fun, don’t give yourself a too tight schedule, please take it easy.____5____It means putting some time into the easier tasks. Putting less pressure on yourself is a good way to beat the Monday Blues. A. Just do small and easy things. B. Think about all the good to come. C. Since you can’t escape, you’d better face it bravely! D. This doesn’t mean sitting around and being lost in your blues. E. Reduce Monday Blues by allowing yourself to do everything with more ease. F. In short, nothing is better than wearing what makes you feel great on Monday! G. Take a nap to energize or get to bed earlier tonight to make up for sleep. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. G 39. F 40. D 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主语介绍了四种战胜周一忧郁症的方法。 【详解】1.根据上文“However, Monday always comes as usual.”(然而，星期一总是像以往那样到来。)可知，周一总是会来的，所以空处应该是描写，我们要勇敢面对它，C项“Since you can’t escape, you’d better face it bravely”(既然你逃不了，你最好勇敢地面对它。)符合，承接上文，故选C。 2.分析文章结构可知，第一段点名主题，第二，三，四，五段，每段分别介绍了一种战胜周一忧郁症的方法，且每段第一句是主题句，所以该处为段落主题句。根据下文“Instead of focusing on the difficult tasks that lie ahead of you, you can make a list by writing down some things that you are looking forward to. A good place to start is to think of one thing you are excited about for each category: at work, after work, and at the weekend.”(与其把注意力集中在你面前的困难任务上，你可以列一个清单，写下一些你期待的事情。你可以从以下每一类中让你感到兴奋的事情开始：工作中，下班后，周末。)可知，本段主要讲你可以列举你向往的美好事情。所以B项“Think about all the good to come.”(想想所有即将到来的美好事物。)符合语境。故选B。 3.根据上文“So, next time if you find yourself a little more short-tempered than normal, sleep may be the answer.”(所以，下次如果你发现自己比平时脾气更暴躁，睡眠可能就是答案。)可知，此处指睡眠能改善自己脾气暴躁的情况，所以可以推断出空处应该描写如何睡觉能改善脾气不好的情况，G项“Take a nap to energize or get to bed earlier tonight to make up for lost sleep”(睡个午觉以补充能量或今晚早点上床睡觉来弥补失眠。)符合，承接上文，故选G。 4.根据上文“In fact, psychologists conclude that the strong link between clothing and mood suggests we should put on clothes that we associate with happiness, even when feeling low.”(事实上，心理学家得出结论，衣服和情绪之间的紧密联系表明，我们应该穿上与快乐有关的衣服，即使是在情绪低落的时候。)可知，本段主要讲衣服会影响情绪，所以要穿令你快乐的衣服，F项“In short, nothing is better than wearing what makes you feel great on Monday!”(简而言之，在周一穿着让你感觉很棒的衣服这比什么最重要！)符合，对上文进行总结。故选F。 5.根据上文“After a weekend of fun, don’t give yourself a too tight schedule, please take it easy.”(度过一个愉快的周末之后，不要给自己安排太紧的时间，请放松。)可知，此处指出我们要在愉快的周末后，要放松，所以可以推断出，空处应该是承接上文，对具体描述如何在愉快的周末后放松，D项“This doesn’t mean sitting around and being lost in your blues.”(这并不意味着坐在那里，沉浸在忧郁之中。)符合，承接上文，同时选项中“This doesn’t mean”与下文“It means”相呼应。故选D。 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 This is a story of a penguin（企鹅）that swims 5, 000 miles to a ____1____ in Brazil every year in order to visit the man who saved his life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but it’s true！ Joao Pereira de Souza is a 71-year-old retired worker and part-time ____2____. He lives in an island village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He found the small penguin ____3____ on rocks at his local beach in 2015. The penguin was starving and covered in oil. Joao ____4____ the penguin, naming him Din Din, ____5____ the oil off his feathers（羽毛）and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild his ____6____. When Din Din ____7____, Mr. de Souza set him free into the sea, ____8____ expecting to see his new friend again. The little guy wasn’t gone long, though, and just a few months later, he was back at the same beach. He ____9____ Joao fishing and followed him home, staying with him for the rest of the year. ____10____, this cycle has ____11____ over the past five years. Each year Din Din stays with Joao for about eight months and is believed to ____12____ the rest of the time breeding（繁殖）on the Patagonia coasts of Argentina and Chile. “I love the penguin like he’s my own child and I believe the penguin loves me,” Joao told Globo TV. “No one else is allowed to touch him. He ____13____ them if they do. But he lies on my lap, lets me give him showers and allows me to feed him ____14____.” Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV, said: “I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his ____15____ and probably a penguin as well.” 1. A. stream B. dam C. beach D. rock 2. A. guide B. author C. teacher D. fisherman 3. A. sleeping B. lying C. playing D. climbing 4. A. kicked B. comforted C. recognized D. rescued 5. A. cleaned B. collected C. applied D. painted 6. A. function B. strength C. attention D. emotion 7. A. suffered B. recovered C. protested D. returned 8. A. only B. just C. ever D. never 9. A. inspired B. noticed C. attracted D. imagined 10. A. Amazingly B. Anxiously C. Frighteningly D. Embarrassingly 11. A. stopped B. disappeared C. improved D. continued 12. A. waste B. devote C. balance D. spend 13. A. attacks B. forgives C. appreciates D. traps 14. A. coffee B. grass C. fish D. shells 15. A. habitat B. family C. life D. body 【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了南美洲一只叫丁丁的企鹅每年都要游5000英里到巴西的一个海滩和它的救命恩人团聚的故事。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个关于一只企鹅每年要游5000英里到巴西的一个海滩去看望救了它一命的人的故事。A.stream小河，小溪；B.dam堤，坝；C.beach海滩，海滨；D.rock岩石。根据“The little guy wasn’t gone long, though, and just a few months later, he was back at the same beach”(不过，小家伙没去多久，就在几个月后，它又回到了原来的海滩)可知，此处是指巴西的一个海滩。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Joao Pereira de Souza是一名71岁的退休工人和兼职渔民。A.guide导游，向导；B.author作者；C.teacher老师；D.fisherman渔民。根据后文“He...Joao fishing”可知，此处是指Joao是一名兼职渔民。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2015年，他在当地海滩发现了这只躺在岩石上的小企鹅。A.sleeping睡觉；B.lying躺；C.playing玩耍；D.climbing攀爬。根据后文“The penguin was starving and covered in oil”(这只企鹅饥肠辘辘，浑身是油)可知，此处是指躺在岩石上，十分虚弱。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joao救了这只企鹅，给它起名为丁丁，清理了它羽毛上的油污，每天喂它吃鱼，让它恢复体力。A.kicked踢，踢腿；B.comforted安慰；C.recognized识别；D.rescued拯救。根据“fed him a daily diet of fish”可知，此处是指Joao救了这只企鹅。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joao救了这只企鹅，给它起名为丁丁，清理了它羽毛上的油污，每天喂它吃鱼，让它恢复体力。A.cleaned清理；B.collected收集；C.applied申请；D.painted涂，抹。根据“the oil off his feathers”可知，此处是指清理了它羽毛上的油污。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Joao救了这只企鹅，给它起名为丁丁，清理了它羽毛上的油污，每天喂它吃鱼，让它恢复体力。A.function功能；B.strength体力；C.attention注意力；D.emotion情绪。根据“fed him a daily diet of fish”可知，此处是指让它恢复体力。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当丁丁康复后，德·索萨先生把它放回海里，从没想过能再见到他的新朋友。A.suffered遭受；B.recovered康复；C.protested抗议，反对；D.returned返回。根据“Mr. de Souza set him free into the sea”可知，此处是指当丁丁康复后。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当丁丁康复后，德·索萨先生把它放回海里，从没想过能再见到他的新朋友。A.only只有；B.just刚刚；C.ever曾经；D.never从未。根据“The little guy wasn’t gone long, though”可知，此处是指德·索萨先生没想到丁丁还会回来。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他注意到Joao在钓鱼，就跟着他回家，这一年剩下的时间都和他在一起。A.inspired激励；B.noticed注意到；C.attracted吸引；D.imagined想象。根据“Joao fishing and followed him home”可知，此处是指丁丁注意到Joao在钓鱼。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，这个循环已经持续了五年。A.Amazingly令人惊讶地；B.Anxiously焦虑地；C.Frighteningly令人恐惧地；D.Embarrassingly使人尴尬地。根据前文“never expecting to see his new friend again”可知，此处是指这件事情令人惊讶。故选A。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，这个循环已经持续了五年。A.stopped停止；B.disappeared消失；C.improved改善；D.continued持续。根据后文“Each year Din Din stays with Joao for about eight months”(每年丁丁都会和Joao在一起待大约8个月)可知，这个循环已经持续了五年。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年，丁丁都会和Joao呆在一起8个月，其余的时间都在阿根廷和智利的巴塔哥尼亚海岸繁殖。A.waste浪费；B.devote贡献；C.balance使平衡；D.spend度过。根据“the rest of the time breeding on the Patagonia coasts of Argentina and Chile”可知，此处是指在阿根廷和智利的巴塔哥尼亚海岸繁殖度过其余的时间。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们这样做，他就会攻击他们。A.attacks攻击；B.forgives原谅；C.appreciates欣赏；D.traps诱捕，抓捕。根据前文“No one else is allowed to touch him”(其他人不能碰他)可知，此处是指丁丁不让其他人碰自己，不然就会攻击想碰他的人。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他躺在我的膝盖上，让我给他洗澡，还让我喂他鱼。A.coffee咖啡；B.grass草；C.fish鱼；D.shells壳。根据前文“fed him a daily diet of fish”可知，此处是指喂他吃鱼。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想这只企鹅认为Joao是他的家人，可能也是一只企鹅。A.habitat栖息地；B.family家，家庭；C.life生活；D.body身体。根据“probably a penguin as well”可知，此处是指这只企鹅认为Joao是他的家人。故选B。 三、语篇填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’s well known that Chinese women’s volleyball team ____1____ (be) the national pride since it first won the championship in 1981. Whenever there was a competition for them, people across the country would cheer for them. But few knew how hard they worked ____2____ (make) it look so easy. The movie Leap, ____3____ hit Chinese mainland on Sept 25, 2020, tells us the story behind the team. It shows several generations of volleyball players and their journey ____4____ becoming an international powerhouse. What attracted people most were not only their ____5____ (impress) skills but also the mental strength they showed in the competition. To win the match, China’s ladies trained hard, ____6____ (live) a dull daily life of never-ending practice. ____7____, they refused to quit working even after the stadium lights had gone out. The road to the championship is not ____8____ smooth one. The Chinese women’s volleyball team has fallen to troughs(低谷). It is their spirits of never giving up and the strong determination ____9____ have led them to go through 40 years of ups and downs. It has ____10____ (gradual) become a legend in the hearts of Chinese people. 【答案】56. has been 57. to make 58. which 59. to 60. impressive 61. living 62. However 63. a 64. that 65. gradually 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国女排及其精神。 【详解】1.考查时态。句意：众所周知，中国女排自1981年第一次获得冠军以来，一直是国家的骄傲。分析句子结构可知，“It’s well known that+句子”是固定句型，空处在that引导的主语从句中作谓语，since意为“自从……以来”，通常与现在完成时连用。且that从句中的主语是Chinese women’s volleyball team(中国女排)，是第三人称单数，因此用现在完成时has been。故填has been。 2.考查非谓语动词。句意：但几乎没有人知道她们是多么努力地付出，才让比赛看起来那么轻松。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处是非谓语动词作目的状语，应用动词不定式to make。故填to make。 3.考查定语从句。句意：电影《夺冠》于2020年9月25日在中国大陆上映，讲述了中国女排的幕后故事。分析句子结构可知，“____3____hit Chinese mainland on Sept 25, 2020”是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Leap(《夺冠》)，指物，且在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which来引导。故填which。 4.考查介词。句意：它展示了几代排球运动员，以及她们成为国际强队的历程。a journey to...是固定搭配，表示“通往……的旅途”。故填to。 5.考查形容词。句意：最吸引人的不仅是她们令人印象深刻的技巧，还有她们在比赛中表现出来的精神力量。此处应用形容词impressive修饰名词skills(技巧)，作定语，意为“令人印象深刻的”。故填impressive。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了赢得比赛，中国女排队员刻苦训练，过着每天都不停训练的单调生活。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词作状语，动词live的逻辑主语是主句主语China’s ladies(中国女排队员)，且二者之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词living。故填living。 7.考查副词。句意：然而，她们拒绝停止工作，即使在体育场的灯熄灭之后。分析前后句子的逻辑关系可知，此处表示转折关系，逗号与主句分开，所以应用副词however，意为“然而”，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填However。 8.考查不定冠词。句意：通往冠军的道路并非一帆风顺。句中one指的是“one road”，且此处泛指“一条道路”，所以应用不定冠词，且smooth的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 9.考查强调句。句意：正是她们永不放弃的精神和坚定的决心使她们走过了40年的风风雨雨。分析句子可知，“their spirits of never giving up and the strong determination”为句子的主语，被It is…that强调句型强调。故填that。 10.考查副词。句意：它逐渐成为中国人心中的一个传说。空处应用副词gradually修饰谓语，意为“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 【课后巩固训练】 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 1.Travel Hi! I’m a medical student and work in London on Sundays. I need a lift. I start work at 7:30 and I mustn’t be late, but I haven’t got transport. I 'm happy to share the cost of petrol. I like rock music and computer games. Text or phone 07777531245 anytime.Elena 2.Contacts Are you self-confident? Do you like meeting new people?I want to go to Australia in the summer and work there, then visit some other countries. I like playing basketball and I enjoy dancing. Do you want to come with me?Email AdrianAB@nunet.com. 3.Accommodation I’m a first-year art student and want to share a flat or house in the city center. I can pay up to $300 a month. I like shopping and going out. I don’t enjoy living in the student hostel. If you share my lifestyle and have some space at your place, phone Carola:07879345621 4.Contacts Does anyone have friends in Portugal or Brazil? I’m a modern languages student and I want to have an e-mail penfriend who speaks Portuguese. I like swimming and pop music. I’m not a serious person.I like to party with my friends.Write to Henry.happyfoot@nunet.com. 5.Accommodation I’ve got a small house near the campus and I want to share it with one other person. You must be tidy. I like playing chess and listening to classical music. I’m a final-year physics student. Come and see the room on Saturday morning. Maggie,142 Bennett road(behind the Science Faculty building). 1. Why did Elena post on Students Space? A. To find someone who has the same interests. B. To share some information about music. C. To look for a part-time weekend job. D. To ask someone to give her a lift. 2. What should you do if you want to travel abroad with a new friend? A. Call 07777531245 B. Call 07879345621 C. Email AdrianAB23@nunet.com D. EmailHenry.happyfoot@nenet.com 3. What do Carola and Maggie have in common? A. They are free to meet people on Saturday. B. They have the same purpose for posting. C. They share the same hobbies. D. They are final-year students. 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要是五位学生在学生空间的发帖。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据1.Travel中的“I need a lift. I start work at 7:30 and I mustn’t be late, but I haven’t got transport. I 'm happy to share the cost of petrol.(我需要搭车。我7:30开始工作，我不能迟到，但是我没有交通工具。)” 可知，埃琳娜会在学生空间发帖是想找人让她搭便车。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据2.Contacts中的“I want to go to Australia in the summer and work there, then visit some other countries. (我想在夏天去澳大利亚，在那里工作，然后参观一些其他国家。)” 可知，如果你想和一个新朋友出国旅游，你应该发电子邮件给AdrianAB@nunet.com。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据3.Accommodation中的“I’m a first-year art student and want to share a flat or house in the city center. (我是一名艺术专业的大一学生，想在市中心合租公寓或房子。)”和5.Accommodation中的“I’ve got a small house near the campus and I want to share it with one other person.(我在学校附近有一间小房子，我想和另一个人合住。)” 可知，卡罗拉和麦琪共同之处都是找人合租房子，所以其发帖目的相同。故选B。 B In some parts of China, mainly in Anhui Province and Zhejiang Province, spread groups of grey-tiled and white-walled houses, forming one of the most typical scenes captured in traditional Chinese landscape paintings. It is Hui-style architecture, one of the major Chinese architectural styles of ancient times. Hui-style architecture developed into a significant building school in the Song Dynasty. In the mid-Ming Dynasty, gardens and houses constructed with Hui styles developed very quickly along with the success of Hui commerce (商业). Hui-style architecture soon stepped out from Huizhou and was introduced to big towns. Hui-style architecture is characterized by the arrangement of villages together with nature, and a simple and beautiful exterior (外观). Hui-style houses are usually ones with skylights (天井). With a square skylight surrounded by houses from four sides or from left, right and backside, these houses can reduce the beat of sunshine and enjoy ventilation (通风). All the houses gathers water from the skylight which means fortune will not run off outside. In ancient times, the colors used for buildings were very strict Bright colors could only be used in palaces, temples and for government officials. So people in Huizhou chose the black and white colors to paint their houses. Generally speaking, the exterior appearance of Hui-style buildings differs little while their interior can vary a lot based on the wishes of the owners. Home decoration is characterized by three types of Hui carving: stone carving, wood carving and brick carving. To take a look at the Hui-style architecture, Xidi Village in Yixian County, Anhui Province, is the best place to go. It is a site of typical Hui houses, and one of the “Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui” that have been collectively listed as a World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO. 4. What can we learn about Hui-style architecture? A. It is common across China. B. It differs greatly exteriorly. C. It focuses on landscape paintings. D. It wins international recognition. 5. What aspect of Hui-style architecture does paragraph 4 talk about? A. Its interior appearance. B. Its roof structure. C. Its practical functions. D. Its strange shapes. 6. Why are Hui-style buildings mostly black and white? A. Bright colors were strictly controlled. B. Bright colors caused fortune to run of. C. Light colors best fit in with nature. D. Light colors could reflect sunshine. 7. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To advertise UNESCO. B. To share information on visits. C. To introduce a heritage site. D. To call for protection. 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的徽派建筑的历史、风格和国际认可。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。由尾段“It is a site of typical Hui houses, and one of the “Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui” that have been collectively listed as a World Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO.”（它是典型的徽派建筑旧址，被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产的“皖南古村落”之一。）可知，徽派建筑已经获得了国际认可。故选D。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段“these houses can reduce the beat of sunshine and enjoy ventilation (通风). All the houses gathers water from the skylight which means fortune will not run off outside.”（这些房屋可以减少阳光的照射，并且通风，所有的房子都从天窗取水，这意味着财富不会外流。）可知，第四段介绍了徽派建筑的实际功能。故选C。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。由第五段“In ancient times, the colors used for buildings were very strict Bright colors could only be used in palaces, temples and for government officials. So people in Huizhou chose the black and white colors to paint their houses.”（在古代，建筑用色非常严格，鲜艳的颜色只能用在宫殿、寺庙和政府官员身上。所以徽州人选择了黑白两色来粉刷自己的房子。）可知，在古代平民百姓不准用明亮的颜色，所以徽派建筑多用黑白两色。故选A。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。由尾段“To take a look at the Hui-style architecture, Xidi Village in Yixian County, Anhui Province, is the best place to go.”（看徽派建筑，安徽黟县西递村是最佳去处。）可知，尾段的目的是告诉读者如果想实地参观的话应该去哪里。故选B。 C Scientists have created the first lab-grown coffee, which they say “smells and tastes like the real thing”. The Finland-based researchers used a process called cellublar agriculture, which includes taking out cells from a small plant or animal sample. In the latest example of lab-grown options, cell samples were taken from Arabica, a popular coffee plant that makes up 56 per cent of global production. With lab-grown coffee, the researchers say that they can deal with problems facing the global coffee industry, such as a need for clearing space for coffee plants to keep up with an increasing need for the drink worldwide. The research is being conducted at VTT Technical Research Centre based in Espoo, Finland — the country that drinks the most coffee per person. “The process uses read coffee plant cells,” Dr. Heiko Rischer, head of plant biotechnology at Finland’s VTT research center, said. “At first, a cell culture is started from a plant part, for example, a leaf. The formed cells reproduced on a specific nutrient medium. In the end, the cells are transported to a bioreactor from which the biomass is then harvested. The cells are dried and roasted then coffee can be brewed.” The first collection produced by VTT in their laboratory smells and tastes like traditional coffee, according to the results of a “sensory analysis”. After drinking a cup, Dr. Rischer said, “There is a surprisingly full smell. In terms of smell and taste, our trained sensory judgement and analytical examination has found the coffee bears similarity to ordinary coffee,” he said. “The experience of drinking the very first cup was exciting.” The idea that coffee cells could be used to make coffee was presented back in 1974 by plant scientist P.M. Townsley. But the VTT scientists have put the theory into practice with their lab-grown brew, which they think could hit the market by 2025. 8. What might be one of the causes of creating lab-grown coffee? A. Dr. Heiko has been devoted to genetically engineering. B. There exists an increasing demand market of coffee. C. People in Finland drink the most amount of coffee. D. The idea is based on a theory proving to be practical. 9. What does the underline word “brewed” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Produced. B. Designed. C. Collected. D. Measured. 10. What advantage does the lab-grown coffee have over the traditional one? A. Lab-grown coffee makes people drinking it more excited. B. Lab-grown coffee can be judged through people’s senses. C. Lab-grown coffee tastes and smells better than ordinary coffee. D. Lab-grown coffee can be made in labs and therefore save space. 11. What is the main purpose of this article? A. To praise scientists sticking with creation. B. To solve coffee shortage troubling people. C. To introduce a new kind of Arabica coffee. D. To present a research on man- made coffee. 【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D 31. D 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了科学家们已经培育出了第一种实验室培育的咖啡，他们称这种咖啡“闻起来和尝起来都像真的咖啡”。文章介绍了这种咖啡的生产过程以及人们对它的看法。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“With lab-grown coffee, the researchers say that they can deal with problems facing the global coffee industry, such as a need for clearing space for coffee plants to keep up with an increasing need for the drink worldwide.(研究人员表示，通过实验室培育的咖啡，他们可以解决全球咖啡产业面临的诸多问题，比如为满足全球对这种饮料日益增长的需求，需要为种植咖啡树腾出空间)”可知，实验室培育咖啡的原因之一是咖啡的需求市场在不断增长。故选B。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The cells are dried and roasted then coffee can be”以及第三段中“The first collection produced by VTT in their laboratory smells and tastes like traditional coffee, according to the results of a “sensory analysis”.”可知，根据“感官分析”的结果，VTT在他们的实验室中生产的第一批咖啡闻起来和尝起来都像传统咖啡，可见这些细胞被烘干，然后就产生了咖啡。故画线词意思是“产生”。A. Produced.产生；B. Designed.设计；C. Collected.收集；D. Measured.测量。故选A。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“With lab-grown coffee, the researchers say that they can deal with problems facing the global coffee industry, such as a need for clearing space for coffee plants to keep up with an increasing need for the drink worldwide.(研究人员表示，通过实验室培育的咖啡，他们可以解决全球咖啡产业面临的诸多问题，比如为满足全球对这种饮料日益增长的需求，需要为种植咖啡树腾出空间)”可知，与传统咖啡相比，实验室培育的咖啡的优势是可以在实验室里制作，同时，还可以解决为种植咖啡树腾空间的问题，可以节省空间。故选D。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scientists have created the first lab-grown coffee, which they say “smells and tastes like the real thing”.(科学家们已经培育出了第一种实验室培育的咖啡，他们称这种咖啡“闻起来和尝起来都像真的咖啡”)”结合文章还介绍了这种咖啡的生产过程以及人们对它的看法。可推知，本文的主要目的是介绍一项关于人造咖啡的研究。故选D。 D In the spring of 1990, I was at a racing event in Columbus, Ohio, and the guy who was hosting said, “Hey, do you want to see my new baby?” I said, “Sure.” We went out and there it was, a little red sports car. I asked if I could sit in it and when I did, I put my left hand on the steering wheel and my right on the shifter. I said to myself, “It just feels right.” Soon after, I started seeing billboards and print advertisements. Mazda’s motto for the new car was, “It just feels right.” Total coincidence (巧合). At the time, I was under contract (合约) to race with Ford Motor Co., and so I always had Ford cars. I didn’t need a new car, but I bought one anyway — a Miata from its very first model year. There wasn’t anything like the Miata at the time — a new, small, two-seat convertible sports car. And this one hit every mark. It had cool style, it was affordable, it had durability (耐用), performance, and economy. I was living in South Florida and it was a perfect place to drive with the top down. The car loved to go fast. I certainly got some tickets for speeding. It was the kind of car that made you want to go into garage (车库) so you could say good night to it. Now, so many years later, I can look back and say that I have never owned any car for more than three years except this one, which I have owned for over three decades. It amazes me that when I first saw it, I’d never heard of the Miata. Now you see them everywhere, and it has its own successful racing series, the MX-5 Cup. About five years ago, I was going to visit my daughter who lived in San Francisco, and I learned that Tom Matano—who led the design of this car for Mazda — was working in San Francisco. I made an appointment and I met him. To me, it was like meeting Enzo Ferrari if you are a Ferrari nut. He turned out to be the most modest, delightful human being, and it was an honor to get to know him. These days I still drive the Miata to its fullest. Recently I went on a road trip with one of my favorite girlfriends. We were on a straight road that had no speed limit. I was hauling at 120mph. The car was happy as a camper, as they say, and so was its driver. 12. Which of the following best describes the author’s Miata? A. Attractive and tough. B. Modern and large. C. Small and traditional. D. Fashionable and expensive. 13. What can we know about the author from the passage? A. She was the designer of Mazda. B. She preferred Ford to Mazda. C. She once worked with Tom Matano. D. She thought highly of Miata. 14. Why does the author mention Enzo Ferrari in the last paragraph? A. To recommend a new car. B. To explain her routine. C. To express her excitement. D. To introduce Enzo Ferrari. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Becoming a fan of Ferrari B. “Feeling right” in my Miata C. “Feeling proud” in my Ford D. Dreaming of having a Mazda 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文中讲述了作者和爱车——一款Miata汽车的故事。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“There wasn’t anything like the Miata at the time—a new, small, two-seat convertible sports car. And this one hit every mark. It had cool style, it was affordable, it had durability (耐用), performance, and economy.(那时还没有像Miata这样的车——一种新型的小型双座敞篷跑车。而这一点击中了每一个目标。它的风格很酷，价格实惠，耐用，性能好，而且经济实惠)”可知，作者的Miata车有吸引力且耐用。故选A项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“It had cool style, it was affordable, it had durability (耐用), performance, and economy.(它的风格很酷，价格实惠，耐用，性能好，而且经济实惠)”作者对车的描述及第四段中“Now, so many years later, I can look back and say that I have never owned any car for more than three years except this one, which I have owned for over three decades.(现在，许多年过去了，我可以回顾说，除了这一辆我已经拥有30多年的车之外，我没有拥有任何一辆车超过3年)”可知，作者对Miata汽车评价很高。故选D项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“I made an appointment and I met him.(我和他约好见面了)”可知，作者和爱车的领头设计师见面，接着“To me, it was like meeting Enzo Ferrari if you are a Ferrari nut.(对我来说，如果你是一个法拉利迷，这就像见到恩佐·法拉利一样)” 提到这就像一个法拉利的狂热爱好者见到恩佐·法拉利本人一样，所以作者提及恩佐·法拉利是为了表达自己见到Tom Matano的兴奋之情。故选C项。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合文章第一段中“I asked if I could sit in it and when I did, I put my left hand on the steering wheel and my right on the shifter. I said to myself, ‘It just feels right.’(我问我能不能坐进去，当我坐进去的时候，我把我的左手放在方向盘上，我的右手放在变速杆上。我对自己说，‘就是这种感觉。’)”可知，本文介绍了作者和自己的爱车Miata的故事，作者第一次体验这款车时对自己说“就是这种感觉”，后来这句话也恰好是这款车的广告语，所以B项“在我的Miata上感觉才对”适合作为本文标题。故选B项。 二、应用文写作 假如你是李华，你校太极俱乐部(Tai Chi Club)正在招新，请你写一封邮件邀请你校交换生Jack加入，内容包括： 1.来信目的； 2.介绍太极（不少于两点）； 3.表达祝愿。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack, Knowing that our school Tai Chi Club is taking in new members, I’m writing to invite you to join the club. Tai Chi originated in China and enjoys a wide reputation. Anyone, regardless of age or level of fitness, can practice and benefit from Tai Chi. Practicing Tai Chi regularly, you will feel physically and mentally relaxed with the harmonious movements. I’m sure that you will develop a great interest in this gentle exercise. And I do hope that you can discover the significance of Tai Chi. Looking forward to your participation. Yours, Li Hua 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生Jack写信邀请他加入学校举办的太极俱乐部，表明写信目的，介绍太极并表达祝愿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 招收：take in→recruit 放松的：relaxed→eased 确定/保证：be sure→assure 能够：can→be able to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Tai Chi originated in China and enjoys a wide reputation. 拓展句：Tai Chi, which enjoys a wide reputation, originated in China. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Practicing Tai Chi regularly, you will feel physically and mentally relaxed with the harmonious movements.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】And I do hope that you can discover the significance of Tai Chi.（运用了do强调谓语和that引导的宾语从句） ( 3 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $