专题1 命题点1 情态动词-【一战成名新中考】2026河南中考英语（课标版）·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质PPT课件（讲册）

该初中英语中考复习课件聚焦语法核心考点“情态动词”，严格对接中考要求，系统梳理动词分类（实义、系、助、情态动词），重点精讲情态动词基本用法（can/could/must等）及表推测用法（must/may/could表不同把握推测），结合2020年中考真题（2020.56）实例，归纳语篇填空、语法填空等常考题型，体现中考备考的针对性和实用性。 课件亮点在于“知识清单+真题例句+易错突破”的实战模式，如通过对比表格清晰呈现must否定回答用needn't而非mustn't等易错点，结合“—Could I...?—Yes, I can.”等真题例句培养语言能力，借助推测用法中must/may/could的可能性层级分析提升思维品质。助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此开展精准复习，高效提升中考得分率。

英语 1 2 第二部分 语法专题精讲练 专题一 动词 命题点1 情态动词 ［语篇填空第一节：2020.56］ 3 知识必备 动词的分类 4 情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化, 其本身词义不完全, 不能单独使用, 必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。否定式一般是在其后加not, 一般疑问句通 常将其提前到句首。 5 情态动词的基本用法 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 can ［2020.56］ 意为“能, 会”, 表能力。否定式为can’t。 Jim can sing songs. 意为“可以”, 表请求、允许。 Can I play basketball now? could can的过去式, 意为“能, 会”, 表过去的能力。否定式为couldn’t。 Lily could swim at the age of 5. 在疑问句中表示委婉地请求。【注意】回答以could引导的一般疑问句时, 用can, 不用could。 —Could you please lend me your phone? —Yes, I can./Sorry, I can’t. 6 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 must 意为“必须, 一定”, 表主观意愿。 【注意】由must引导的一般疑问句, 肯定回答用must；否定回答用needn’t/ don’t have to, 不能用mustn’t。 I must work hard. —Must I hand in my homework today? —Yes, you must./No, you needn’t./ No, you don’t have to. mustn’t 意为“一定不要, 禁止”。 You mustn’t talk in the library. 续表 7 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 have to 意为“不得不”, 多表示客观必要。可被视为实义动词(有正常的人称、数、时态的变化)。 He has to get up early tomorrow. need 意为“需要”, 主要用于否定句和疑问句中。否定式为needn’t, 意为“不必”。 【注意】由need引导的一般疑问句, 肯定回答用must/have to, 否定回答用needn’t/don’t have to。 —Need I do the work at once? —Yes, you must/have to./ No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 续表 8 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 may 意为“可以”, 表请求、许可。 May I ask you a question? 用于祈使句, 表祝福或祝愿。 May you succeed！ might may的过去式, 表示请求、许可, 语气比 may 更委婉。 【注意】由may或might引导的一般疑问句, 否定回答用can’t/mustn’t, 不用may not。 —Might I sit here? —No, you can’t/mustn’t. 续表 9 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 should 意为“应该”, 表要求和命令, 也可表劝告或建议。否定式为shouldn’t。 You should come to school on time. 表示征询意见, 常用于疑问句中。 Should I leave at 7:00 p.m.? had better 意为“最好”, 没有人称和数的变化。否定式为had better not。 You’d better come back early today. 续表 10 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 shall 常用于疑问句中, 多用于第一人称, 表请求或征求对方的意见。 Shall we go to the zoo? will 用于疑问句中, 常用于第二人称, 表示意愿或请求。 Will you please pass the book to me? would 表示询问或请求, 语气比will更委婉。 Would you please help me with my maths? 续表 11 情态动词表推测的用法 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 must 意为“一定, 肯定”, 表非常有把握的肯定推测。 It must be raining outside. My father’s clothes are wet. may 意为“有可能, 也许”, 表把握不大的肯定推测。 John may come back at 5:00 p.m. could 意为“有可能”, 表没有把握的肯定推测, 可能性低于may。 He could forget to call you. 12 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 might 意为“也许”, 表没有把握的肯定推测, 可能性最低。 The pencil might be Bob’s. can’t 意为“一定不, 不可能”, 表示十分有把握的否定推测。 He can’t be having a meeting. I saw him just now. may not 意为“可能不”, 表示把握不大的否定推测。 Mandy may not come tonight. 续表 13 用适当的情态动词完成句子 1.—Could I use your computer, Mr. Li? —Yes, you _____. Remember to turn it off when it is not in use. can 2.—Must I study medicine and be a doctor like you, Mom? —No, you _____________________. You can make your own decision. needn’t/don’t have to 14 3.—Need I return the book tomorrow? —I’m afraid you _____________. You can only keep it for 5 days according to the rules. must/have to 4.—Dad, may I go to the cinema this Saturday? —Of course you _____. can 5.—May I play football outside now, Mom? —No, you _____________. You must clean your room first. can’t/mustn’t 15 一、从方框中选择适当的词(组)填空 Group 1 must have to may needn’t should 1.You’d better not stay close to people with the flu. You _____ get sick. 2.I _____________ get up early in the morning because I live far from school. may have to/must 3.No one knows what will happen in the future, so we _______ not waste our time and live a meaningful life. 4.It’s a fine day today. You ________ take a raincoat with you. 5.The guitar ______ belong to Lisa. Only she played the guitar here yesterday. should needn’t must 16 Group 2 can won’t shall mustn’t had better 6.Look at the sign over there！ You ________ park your car at the side of the road. 7.You ___________ not touch the painting on show in the museum. It’s against the rules. mustn’t had better 17 8.With the development of technology, robots _____ perform tasks that were once thought to be impossible. 9.My parents _______ allow me to go out until I finish my homework. 10.There are new snacks in the shop. ______ we go and have a taste this afternoon? can won’t Shall can won’t shall mustn’t had better 18 二、用适当的情态动词完成句子 1.Nowadays we _____ order dishes with our mobile phones and _____________________ wait for waiters to bring the menu. can don’t have to/needn’t 2.—Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening? —I’m afraid I ______. I have to look after my grandparents. can’t 3.—You’d better not laugh at others. It’s too impolite. —Sorry, I _______ do that again. won’t 19 4.With the rapid development of AI, many people worry that they ________________ lose their jobs one day. 5.We ____________ listen to the teacher carefully in class. It’s important for our studies. may/might/could must/should 20 $