专题04 Units 4～6 单元词汇短语句型梳理（高考高频词+高考真题）（期末复习知识清单）高二英语上学期外研版

专题04 选择性必修第二册 4~6单元词汇短语句型梳理 ( 清单 01 词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) ※1. ____________ v. 保护；保存 → ____________ n. 保护；保存 → ____________ adj. 保守的；传统的 → ____________ adv. 保守地 2. ____________ v. 创新；革新 → ____________ n. 创新；革新 → ____________ adj. 创新的；革新的 → ____________ n. 创新者；革新者 3. ____________ v. 提倡；拥护 n. 倡导者；支持者 → ____________ n. 倡导；拥护 → ____________ adj. 倡导的；支持的 ※4. ____________ v. 管理；规范；调节 → ____________ n. 规则；管理 → ____________ adj. 管理的；监管的 → ____________ n. 管理者；调节器 ※5. ____________ v. 谈判；协商 → ____________ n. 谈判；协商 → ____________ n. 谈判者；协商者 → ____________ adj. 可协商的 6. ____________ v. 促进；使便利 → ____________ n. 促进；便利 → ____________ adj. 促进性的 → ____________ n. 促进者；协调者 7. ____________ v. 迁移；迁徙 → ____________ n. 迁移；迁徙 → ____________ n. 移民；迁徙动物 → ____________ adj. 迁移的；迁徙的 8. ____________ v. 使改变形态；使改观 → ____________ n. 转变；变革 → ____________ adj. 变革性的；转换的 ※9. ____________ v. 支配；主导 → ____________ n. 支配；统治 → ____________ adj. 占主导地位的 → ____________ adv. 主要地 10. ____________ v. 使稳定；稳固 → ____________ n. 稳定；稳固 → ____________ adj. 稳定的；稳固的 → ____________ adv. 稳定地 ※11. ____________ v. 合作；协作 → ____________ n. 合作；协作 → ____________ adj. 合作的；协作的 → ____________ n. 合作者 12. ____________ v. 模拟；模仿 → ____________ n. 模拟；仿真 → ____________ adj. 模拟的；仿造的 → ____________ n. 模拟器 13. ____________ v. 积累；积聚 → ____________ n. 积累；积聚 → ____________ adj. 累积的；渐增的 → ____________ adj. 累积的 14. ____________ v. 证明……正当；为……辩护 → ____________ n. 正当理由；辩护 → ____________ adj. 有正当理由的 → ____________ adj. 可辩解的 15. ____________ v. 分类；归类 → ____________ n. 分类；类别 → ____________ adj. 分类的；机密的 → ____________ n. 分类器 16. ____________ v. 通知；告知 → ____________ n. 通知；告知 → ____________ adj. 已通知的 → ____________ adj. 须报告的 17. ____________ v. 优化；使最优化 → ____________ n. 优化 → ____________ adj. 最佳的；最优的 → ____________ adv. 最佳地 18. ____________ v. 繁荣；兴旺 → ____________ n. 繁荣；兴旺 → ____________ adj. 繁荣的；成功的 → ____________ adv. 繁荣地 19. ____________ v. 抑制；约束 → ____________ n. 抑制；约束 → ____________ adj. 克制的；受约束的 → ____________ adj. 抑制的 20. ____________ v. 代替；替代 n. 替代品；代用品 → ____________ n. 代替；替换 → ____________ adj. 可替代的 21. ____________ v. 核实；证实 → ____________ n. 核实；证实 → ____________ adj. 可核实的；可证实的 → ____________ adj. 已核实的 ※22. ____________ v. 违反；违背 → ____________ n. 违反；违背 → ____________ n. 违反者；违背者 → ____________ adj. 可违反的 ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公3 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. breakthrough n. ____________；____________ 2. boundary n. ____________；____________；____________ 3. conquer v. ____________；____________；____________ 4. obstacle n. ____________；____________；____________ 5. persist v. ____________；____________；____________ 6. endure v. ____________；____________；____________ 7. delicate adj. ____________；____________；____________ 8. fragile adj. ____________；____________；____________ 9. preserve v. ____________；____________；____________ 10. conserve v. ____________；____________；____________ 11. ecosystem n. ____________；____________ 12. balance n. ____________；____________；v. ____________ 13. restore v. ____________；____________；____________ 14. survival n. ____________；____________；____________ 15. adapt v. ____________；____________；____________ 16. tolerate v. ____________；____________；____________ 17. withstand v. ____________；____________；____________ 18. crisis n. ____________；____________；____________ 19. urgent adj. ____________；____________；____________ 20. vital adj. ____________；____________ 21. resilient adj. ____________；____________；____________ 22. sustainable adj. ____________；____________ ( 清单 03 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) ) 1. ____________ 突破；冲破；取得重大进展 2. ____________ 拓展界限；突破局限 3. ____________ 克服限制；突破束缚 4. ____________ 取得突破；获得重大进展 5. ____________ 致力于；献身于 6. ____________ 追求；寻求 7. ____________ 尽管困难重重；不顾一切 8. ____________ 冒险；承担风险 9. ____________ 保护……免受伤害 10. ____________ 保护生物多样性 11. ____________ 对……敏感；易受影响 12. ____________ 处于……边缘；濒临 13. ____________ 节约自然资源 14. ____________ 威胁生态系统 15. ____________ 预防；防范 16. ____________ 为生存而战 17. ____________ 适应恶劣环境 18. ____________ 靠……生存；依赖……维持生命 19. ____________ 在危机时刻；危难之际 20. ____________ 与……作斗争；对抗 21. ____________ 迎接挑战；挺身而出 22. ____________ 竭尽全力生存 ( 清单 0 4 高频句型(精彩句型，句句精彩) ) 1. It is/was...that...强调句型 It was Lincoln who gave the nation a new vision of what America should be based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers. 正是林肯根据开国元勋们确立的理想，给了国家一个关于美国应该是什么样子的新愿景。 2. make/find/feel/think + it + adj. + that...形式宾语结构 The incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all. 这一事件清楚表明，老鼠和兔子的问题需要彻底解决。 3. 分词短语作状语 Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. 看到车窗开着的汽车，贪婪的小偷毫不犹豫。 4. Only + 状语 + 部分倒装 Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. 只有到那时，我们才能期待和谐地共享我们的城市栖息地。 ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) Unit 4 Breaking Boundaries 一、单元介绍 本单元以“突破界限”为核心主题，涵盖个人层面突破自我局限、学科领域打破专业壁垒、社会层面跨越偏见与隔阂、人类探索未知突破认知边界等内容。应用文写作侧重突破主题的感悟文、给困境中他人的鼓励信、关于创新突破的演讲稿、推动跨领域合作的倡议信等，要求学生能够清晰阐述突破界限的具体案例与意义，准确传递突破过程中的勇气与坚持，运用富有感染力的语言传递突破困境、追求卓越的信念。 二、通用表达 ① 话题单词 突破核心：break boundaries（突破界限）、surpass limits（超越极限）、overcome barriers（克服障碍）、break through（突破）、transcend（超越）、innovation（创新）、exploration（探索） 态度与品质：courage（勇气）、perseverance（坚持）、determination（决心）、audacity（胆识）、persistent（坚持不懈的）、resolute（坚定的）、fearless（无畏的） 场景与对象：self-limitation（自我局限）、professional barrier（专业壁垒）、prejudice（偏见）、隔阂（estrangement）、unknown field（未知领域）、cross-disciplinary（跨学科的）、explorer（探索者） 动作与结果：challenge（挑战）、strive（奋斗）、endeavor（努力）、achieve（实现）、succeed（成功）、make progress（取得进步）、create miracles（创造奇迹） ② 段首句、主题句、段尾句 段首句： a)Life is a process of constantly breaking boundaries, and every breakthrough brings us closer to a better self. b)In the journey of human exploration, breaking through the known boundaries to pursue the unknown has always been our persistent pursuit. c)I was deeply moved by the story of a person who broke through numerous difficulties to realize his dream, and I want to share it with you. d)To promote the development of science and technology, it is necessary for us to break professional barriers and carry out cross-disciplinary cooperation. 主题句： a)The key to breaking boundaries lies in having the courage to challenge the status quo and the perseverance to stick to our goals. b)This cross-disciplinary cooperation project breaks the traditional professional barriers and provides a new way to solve complex problems. c)The story of this explorer shows us that as long as we have an unyielding spirit, we can break through the limits of the human body and mind. d)Breaking social prejudices requires not only individual efforts but also the joint attention and promotion of the whole society. 段尾句： a)Let us dare to break boundaries, face challenges bravely, and create our own wonderful life. b)The spirit of breaking boundaries is the driving force for human progress, and we should inherit and carry forward this spirit. c)I hope this story can inspire you to step out of your comfort zone and bravely break through the limitations that bind you. d)Only by breaking down barriers and uniting as one can we better respond to the challenges of the times and achieve common development. Unit 5 A delicate World 一、单元介绍 本单元以“脆弱的世界”为核心主题，涵盖生态系统的脆弱性、生物多样性的保护、人与自然的和谐共生、气候变化对脆弱环境的影响等内容。应用文写作主要包括生态保护倡议书、脆弱生态环境现状报告、呼吁保护生物多样性的书信、环保活动策划书等，要求学生能够清晰阐述脆弱世界的具体表现与面临的威胁，准确传递保护脆弱生态的紧迫性与重要性，运用逻辑清晰、情感真挚的语言唤起他人的保护意识。 二、通用表达 ① 话题单词 脆弱性相关：delicate（脆弱的）、fragile（脆弱的）、vulnerable（易受伤害的）、fragility（脆弱性）、susceptible（易受影响的） 生态与生物：ecosystem（生态系统）、biodiversity（生物多样性）、species（物种）、habitat（栖息地）、ecology（生态学）、natural reserve（自然保护区） 环境威胁与保护：threat（威胁）、danger（危险）、pollution（污染）、deforestation（森林砍伐）、protect（保护）、preserve（维护）、conserve（保存）、safeguard（守护） 人与自然：harmonious coexistence（和谐共生）、human-nature relationship（人与自然关系）、environmental awareness（环境意识）、sustainable development（可持续发展） ② 段首句、主题句、段尾句 段首句： a)Our earth is a delicate world, and every link in the ecological chain is closely connected and vulnerable to damage. b)With the aggravation of human activities, more and more fragile ecosystems are facing severe threats, which requires our immediate action. c)To protect biodiversity and safeguard our delicate world, our school plans to carry out a series of environmental protection activities. d)The fragile polar regions are the barometers of global climate change, and their changes affect the whole world. 主题句： a)The destruction of species habitats is the main reason for the loss of biodiversity, which seriously endangers the balance of the delicate ecosystem. b)The core of this environmental protection activity is to let more people realize the fragility of the world and enhance their awareness of ecological protection. c)Protecting the delicate world is not only to protect other species but also to protect the living environment of human beings themselves. d)Reducing carbon emissions and slowing down global warming is an important measure to protect fragile ecological environments such as glaciers and rainforests. 段尾句： a) Let us take every small action in daily life to protect the delicate world and leave a livable home for future generations. b)Only by respecting nature, adapting to nature and protecting nature can we achieve harmonious coexistence with the delicate world. c)I believe that with the joint efforts of all people, we can reverse the fragile situation of the ecosystem and make the earth more vibrant. d)Protecting the delicate world is a long-term task that requires the persistence of every generation. Let us start from now on. Unit 6 Survival 一、单元介绍 本单元以“生存”为核心主题，涵盖极端环境下的生存挑战、困境中的生存智慧、灾难中的自救与互救、生命价值与生存意义等内容。应用文写作侧重生存经验分享文、灾难自救指南、困境中的鼓励信、关于生命与生存的演讲稿等，要求学生能够清晰阐述生存过程中的关键措施与智慧，准确传递面对困境的勇气与坚持，运用务实且富有感染力的语言传递对生命的敬畏与珍视。 二、通用表达 ① 话题单词 生存核心：survival（生存）、survive（存活）、existence（存在）、life（生命）、survival skill（生存技能）、self-rescue（自救） 困境与挑战：extreme environment（极端环境）、disaster（灾难）、difficulty（困境）、crisis（危机）、danger（危险）、adversity（逆境） 生存智慧与品质：wisdom（智慧）、courage（勇气）、perseverance（坚持）、calmness（冷静）、adaptability（适应能力）、resourcefulness（足智多谋） 动作与措施：rescue（救援）、help each other（互助）、overcome（克服）、endure（忍受）、struggle（挣扎）、protect（保护）、preserve energy（保存体力） ② 段首句、主题句、段尾句 段首句： a)Survival is the basic right of all living things, and in the face of difficulties and dangers, survival requires both courage and wisdom. b)I have read a book about survival in the wilderness, which tells many practical survival skills that are worth learning. c)When a disaster comes, mastering correct self-rescue methods is crucial to improving the chances of survival. d)The story of people struggling to survive in adversity makes us deeply realize the tenacity and preciousness of life. 主题句： a)Staying calm and making rational judgments is the first step to survive in extreme environments. b)The core of this survival guide is to teach people how to use the surrounding resources to help themselves in the wild. c)Mutual help and support between people can greatly improve the chances of survival in the face of disasters. d)The process of struggling to survive not only tests people's physical strength but also reflects the strength of human will. 段尾句： a)Learning survival skills is not only to deal with emergencies but also to better understand and cherish life. b)I hope this survival guide can help more people master self-rescue skills and protect themselves and their families when dangers come. c)The tenacity of life in the process of survival is touching. Let us always respect and cherish every life. d)No matter how difficult the situation is, as long as we have the will to survive and the right method, we can find a way out of adversity. ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式 1. The team managed to break through the ____________ (边界) of traditional technology and achieved innovation. 2. We must ____________ (克服) the obstacles in our way to accomplish the challenging task. 3. Her great ____________ (决心) helped her persist in pursuing her dream despite failures. 4. The scientist’s ____________ (突破) in medical research has saved thousands of lives. 5. The ____________ (脆弱的) ecosystem of the rainforest is being threatened by human activities. 6. Many rare ____________ (物种) are on the verge of ____________ (灭绝) due to habitat loss. 7. We should take action to ____________ (保护) the fragile balance of nature. 8. His courage to ____________ (冒险) into unknown fields inspired many young people. 9. In the ____________ (恶劣的) desert environment, only tough plants can survive. 10. The government launched a project to ____________ (恢复) the damaged wetland ecosystem. 11. She showed great ____________ (韧性) to ____________ (忍受) the hardships of the survival challenge. 12. The ____________ (障碍) between different cultures can be crossed through communication. 13. Using renewable energy is crucial to ____________ (维持) the health of our planet. 14. The ____________ (多样性) of life on Earth is essential for ecological balance. 15. They had to ____________ (挣扎) for food and water in the desperate survival situation. 16. His ____________ (抱负) to explore the ocean frontier drove him to study marine science. 17. Pollution has caused serious ____________ (损害) to the vulnerable coastal ecosystems. 18. To ____________ (生存) in the wild, one must master basic survival skills. 19. The ____________ (和谐) between humans and nature is the key to sustainable development. 20. She ____________ (超越) everyone’s expectations by overcoming the seemingly impossible challenge. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2023新课标I卷) The ____________ (survive) of endangered species depends on effective protection measures. 2. (2024新课标II卷) She was deeply ____________ (inspire) by the explorer’s courage to break boundaries. 3. (2025新课标I卷) The ____________ (delicate) of the coral reef ecosystem requires careful preservation. 4. (2023全国甲卷) His ____________ (determine) to overcome difficulties won him widespread respect. 5. (2024全国乙卷) The ____________ (adapt) of animals to climate change is a slow and complex process. 6. (2025新高考I卷) We were ____________ (amaze) by the scientist’s ____________ (innovate) approach to environmental protection. 7. (2023新高考II卷) The ____________ (preserve) of cultural and natural heritage is of global significance. 8. (2024新课标I卷) The ____________ (threaten) of habitat destruction has forced many species to migrate. 9. (2025新课标II卷) Her ____________ (persist) in pursuing her goal finally led to a great breakthrough. 10. (2023全国乙卷) It is ____________ (essence) to raise public awareness of protecting fragile ecosystems. 11. (2024全国甲卷) The ____________ (recover) of the damaged wetland will take at least ten years. 12. (2025新高考II卷) The ____________ (courage) explorer ventured into the uncharted forest alone. 13. (2023新课标II卷) The ____________ (sustain) development of human society cannot ignore environmental protection. 14. (2024新高考I卷) He ____________ (success) crossed the desert by relying on his survival skills. 15. (2025全国甲卷) The ____________ (diverse) of life forms on Earth is under serious threat from pollution. 16. (2023新高考I卷) The ____________ (barrier) between science and art is being broken by interdisciplinary research. 17. (2024全国乙卷) The ____________ (harmony) coexistence of humans and nature is a common pursuit. 18. (2025全国乙卷) We need to ____________ (constant) update our knowledge to keep up with ecological protection progress. 19. (2023全国甲卷) The ____________ (challenge) task required all team members to work together. 20. (2024新课标II卷) Her ____________ (dedicate) to marine conservation has made a significant difference. ( 题型 0 3 2 完成句子(精彩句型，活学即用) ) 1. 科学家们在基因编辑领域取得了重大突破，突破了传统医学的边界。 Scientists have ____________ in gene editing, ____________ of traditional medicine. 2. 保护脆弱的生态系统是每个人的责任，因为它关系到所有生物的生存。 ____________ is everyone’s duty, as it is related to ____________. 3. 在恶劣的极地环境中，动物们通过长期适应形成了独特的生存技能。 In the harsh polar environment, animals have ____________ through long-term adaptation. 4. 他凭借坚定的决心和不懈的努力，克服了身体残疾带来的障碍，成为一名成功的作家。 With ____________ and ____________, he ____________ brought by physical disability and became a successful writer. $专题04 选择性必修第二册 4~6单元词汇短语句型梳理 ( 清单 01 词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) ※1. conserve v. 保护；保存 → conservation n. 保护；保存 → conservative adj. 保守的；传统的 → conservatively adv. 保守地 2. innovate v. 创新；革新 → innovation n. 创新；革新 → innovative adj. 创新的；革新的 → innovator n. 创新者；革新者 3. advocate v. 提倡；拥护 n. 倡导者；支持者 → advocacy n. 倡导；拥护 → advocative adj. 倡导的；支持的 ※4. regulate v. 管理；规范；调节 → regulation n. 规则；管理 → regulatory adj. 管理的；监管的 → regulator n. 管理者；调节器 ※5. negotiate v. 谈判；协商 → negotiation n. 谈判；协商 → negotiator n. 谈判者；协商者 → negotiable adj. 可协商的 6. facilitate v. 促进；使便利 → facilitation n. 促进；便利 → facilitative adj. 促进性的 → facilitator n. 促进者；协调者 7. migrate v. 迁移；迁徙 → migration n. 迁移；迁徙 → migrant n. 移民；迁徙动物 → migratory adj. 迁移的；迁徙的 8. transform v. 使改变形态；使改观 → transformation n. 转变；变革 → transformative adj. 变革性的；转换的 ※9. dominate v. 支配；主导 → domination n. 支配；统治 → dominant adj. 占主导地位的 → dominantly adv. 主要地 10. stabilize v. 使稳定；稳固 → stability n. 稳定；稳固 → stable adj. 稳定的；稳固的 → stably adv. 稳定地 ※11. collaborate v. 合作；协作 → collaboration n. 合作；协作 → collaborative adj. 合作的；协作的 → collaborator n. 合作者 12. simulate v. 模拟；模仿 → simulation n. 模拟；仿真 → simulated adj. 模拟的；仿造的 → simulator n. 模拟器 13. accumulate v. 积累；积聚 → accumulation n. 积累；积聚 → accumulative adj. 累积的；渐增的 → accumulated adj. 累积的 14. justify v. 证明……正当；为……辩护 → justification n. 正当理由；辩护 → justified adj. 有正当理由的 → justifiable adj. 可辩解的 15. classify v. 分类；归类 → classification n. 分类；类别 → classified adj. 分类的；机密的 → classifier n. 分类器 16. notify v. 通知；告知 → notification n. 通知；告知 → notified adj. 已通知的 → notifiable adj. 须报告的 17. optimize v. 优化；使最优化 → optimization n. 优化 → optimal adj. 最佳的；最优的 → optimally adv. 最佳地 18. prosper v. 繁荣；兴旺 → prosperity n. 繁荣；兴旺 → prosperous adj. 繁荣的；成功的 → prosperously adv. 繁荣地 19. restrain v. 抑制；约束 → restraint n. 抑制；约束 → restrained adj. 克制的；受约束的 → restraining adj. 抑制的 20. substitute v. 代替；替代 n. 替代品；代用品 → substitution n. 代替；替换 → substitutable adj. 可替代的 21. verify v. 核实；证实 → verification n. 核实；证实 → verifiable adj. 可核实的；可证实的 → verified adj. 已核实的 ※ ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) )22. violate v. 违反；违背 → violation n. 违反；违背 → violator n. 违反者；违背者 → violable adj. 可违反的 学科网（北京）股份有限公3 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. breakthrough n. 突破；重大进展 2. boundary n. 界限；边界；分界线 3. conquer v. 征服；战胜；克服 4. obstacle n. 障碍；阻碍；妨碍物 5. persist v. 坚持；持续；固执 6. endure v. 忍受；忍耐；持续存在 7. delicate adj. 脆弱的；微妙的；精细的 8. fragile adj. 易碎的；脆弱的；不牢固的 9. preserve v. 保护；保存；维护 10. conserve v. 节约；保护；保存 11. ecosystem n. 生态系统；生态体系 12. balance n. 平衡；均衡；v. 使平衡 13. restore v. 恢复；修复；归还 14. survival n. 生存；存活；幸存 15. adapt v. 适应；改编；使适应 16. tolerate v. 容忍；忍受；包容 17. withstand v. 承受；抵挡；经受住 18. crisis n. 危机；危急关头；紧急情况 19. urgent adj. 紧急的；紧迫的；迫切的 20. vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的 21. resilient adj. 有弹性的；能复原的；适应力强的 22. sustainable adj. 可持续的；能长期维持的 ( 清单 03 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) ) 1. break through 突破；冲破；取得重大进展 2. push the boundaries 拓展界限；突破局限 3. overcome limitations 克服限制；突破束缚 4. make a breakthrough 取得突破；获得重大进展 5. devote oneself to 致力于；献身于 6. in pursuit of 追求；寻求 7. against all odds 尽管困难重重；不顾一切 8. take risks 冒险；承担风险 9. protect...from harm 保护……免受伤害 10. preserve biodiversity 保护生物多样性 11. be sensitive to 对……敏感；易受影响 12. on the verge of 处于……边缘；濒临 13. conserve natural resources 节约自然资源 14. threaten the ecosystem 威胁生态系统 15. take precautions against 预防；防范 16. fight for survival 为生存而战 17. adapt to harsh conditions 适应恶劣环境 18. survive on 靠……生存；依赖……维持生命 19. in times of crisis 在危机时刻；危难之际 20. struggle against 与……作斗争；对抗 21. rise to the challenge 迎接挑战；挺身而出 22. make every effort to survive 竭尽全力生存 ( 清单 0 4 高频句型(精彩句型，句句精彩) ) 1. It is/was...that...强调句型 It was Lincoln who gave the nation a new vision of what America should be based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers. 正是林肯根据开国元勋们确立的理想，给了国家一个关于美国应该是什么样子的新愿景。 2. make/find/feel/think + it + adj. + that...形式宾语结构 The incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all. 这一事件清楚表明，老鼠和兔子的问题需要彻底解决。 3. 分词短语作状语 Spotting the car with its window left open, the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. 看到车窗开着的汽车，贪婪的小偷毫不犹豫。 4. Only + 状语 + 部分倒装 Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. 只有到那时，我们才能期待和谐地共享我们的城市栖息地。 ( 清单 05 单元写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) Unit 4 Breaking Boundaries 一、单元介绍 本单元以“突破界限”为核心主题，涵盖个人层面突破自我局限、学科领域打破专业壁垒、社会层面跨越偏见与隔阂、人类探索未知突破认知边界等内容。应用文写作侧重突破主题的感悟文、给困境中他人的鼓励信、关于创新突破的演讲稿、推动跨领域合作的倡议信等，要求学生能够清晰阐述突破界限的具体案例与意义，准确传递突破过程中的勇气与坚持，运用富有感染力的语言传递突破困境、追求卓越的信念。 二、通用表达 ① 话题单词 突破核心：break boundaries（突破界限）、surpass limits（超越极限）、overcome barriers（克服障碍）、break through（突破）、transcend（超越）、innovation（创新）、exploration（探索） 态度与品质：courage（勇气）、perseverance（坚持）、determination（决心）、audacity（胆识）、persistent（坚持不懈的）、resolute（坚定的）、fearless（无畏的） 场景与对象：self-limitation（自我局限）、professional barrier（专业壁垒）、prejudice（偏见）、隔阂（estrangement）、unknown field（未知领域）、cross-disciplinary（跨学科的）、explorer（探索者） 动作与结果：challenge（挑战）、strive（奋斗）、endeavor（努力）、achieve（实现）、succeed（成功）、make progress（取得进步）、create miracles（创造奇迹） ② 段首句、主题句、段尾句 段首句： a) Life is a process of constantly breaking boundaries, and every breakthrough brings us closer to a better self. b) In the journey of human exploration, breaking through the known boundaries to pursue the unknown has always been our persistent pursuit. c) I was deeply moved by the story of a person who broke through numerous difficulties to realize his dream, and I want to share it with you. d) To promote the development of science and technology, it is necessary for us to break professional barriers and carry out cross-disciplinary cooperation. 主题句： a) The key to breaking boundaries lies in having the courage to challenge the status quo and the perseverance to stick to our goals. b) This cross-disciplinary cooperation project breaks the traditional professional barriers and provides a new way to solve complex problems. c) The story of this explorer shows us that as long as we have an unyielding spirit, we can break through the limits of the human body and mind. d) Breaking social prejudices requires not only individual efforts but also the joint attention and promotion of the whole society. 段尾句： a) Let us dare to break boundaries, face challenges bravely, and create our own wonderful life. b) The spirit of breaking boundaries is the driving force for human progress, and we should inherit and carry forward this spirit. c) I hope this story can inspire you to step out of your comfort zone and bravely break through the limitations that bind you. d) Only by breaking down barriers and uniting as one can we better respond to the challenges of the times and achieve common development. Unit 5 A delicate World 一、单元介绍 本单元以“脆弱的世界”为核心主题，涵盖生态系统的脆弱性、生物多样性的保护、人与自然的和谐共生、气候变化对脆弱环境的影响等内容。应用文写作主要包括生态保护倡议书、脆弱生态环境现状报告、呼吁保护生物多样性的书信、环保活动策划书等，要求学生能够清晰阐述脆弱世界的具体表现与面临的威胁，准确传递保护脆弱生态的紧迫性与重要性，运用逻辑清晰、情感真挚的语言唤起他人的保护意识。 二、通用表达 ① 话题单词 脆弱性相关：delicate（脆弱的）、fragile（脆弱的）、vulnerable（易受伤害的）、fragility（脆弱性）、susceptible（易受影响的） 生态与生物：ecosystem（生态系统）、biodiversity（生物多样性）、species（物种）、habitat（栖息地）、ecology（生态学）、natural reserve（自然保护区） 环境威胁与保护：threat（威胁）、danger（危险）、pollution（污染）、deforestation（森林砍伐）、protect（保护）、preserve（维护）、conserve（保存）、safeguard（守护） 人与自然：harmonious coexistence（和谐共生）、human-nature relationship（人与自然关系）、environmental awareness（环境意识）、sustainable development（可持续发展） ② 段首句、主题句、段尾句 段首句： a) Our earth is a delicate world, and every link in the ecological chain is closely connected and vulnerable to damage. b) With the aggravation of human activities, more and more fragile ecosystems are facing severe threats, which requires our immediate action. c) To protect biodiversity and safeguard our delicate world, our school plans to carry out a series of environmental protection activities. d) The fragile polar regions are the barometers of global climate change, and their changes affect the whole world. 主题句： a) The destruction of species habitats is the main reason for the loss of biodiversity, which seriously endangers the balance of the delicate ecosystem. b) The core of this environmental protection activity is to let more people realize the fragility of the world and enhance their awareness of ecological protection. c) Protecting the delicate world is not only to protect other species but also to protect the living environment of human beings themselves. d) Reducing carbon emissions and slowing down global warming is an important measure to protect fragile ecological environments such as glaciers and rainforests. 段尾句： a) Let us take every small action in daily life to protect the delicate world and leave a livable home for future generations. b) Only by respecting nature, adapting to nature and protecting nature can we achieve harmonious coexistence with the delicate world. c) I believe that with the joint efforts of all people, we can reverse the fragile situation of the ecosystem and make the earth more vibrant. d) Protecting the delicate world is a long-term task that requires the persistence of every generation. Let us start from now on. Unit 6 Survival 一、单元介绍 本单元以“生存”为核心主题，涵盖极端环境下的生存挑战、困境中的生存智慧、灾难中的自救与互救、生命价值与生存意义等内容。应用文写作侧重生存经验分享文、灾难自救指南、困境中的鼓励信、关于生命与生存的演讲稿等，要求学生能够清晰阐述生存过程中的关键措施与智慧，准确传递面对困境的勇气与坚持，运用务实且富有感染力的语言传递对生命的敬畏与珍视。 二、通用表达 ① 话题单词 生存核心：survival（生存）、survive（存活）、existence（存在）、life（生命）、survival skill（生存技能）、self-rescue（自救） 困境与挑战：extreme environment（极端环境）、disaster（灾难）、difficulty（困境）、crisis（危机）、danger（危险）、adversity（逆境） 生存智慧与品质：wisdom（智慧）、courage（勇气）、perseverance（坚持）、calmness（冷静）、adaptability（适应能力）、resourcefulness（足智多谋） 动作与措施：rescue（救援）、help each other（互助）、overcome（克服）、endure（忍受）、struggle（挣扎）、protect（保护）、preserve energy（保存体力） ② 段首句、主题句、段尾句 段首句： a) Survival is the basic right of all living things, and in the face of difficulties and dangers, survival requires both courage and wisdom. b) I have read a book about survival in the wilderness, which tells many practical survival skills that are worth learning. c) When a disaster comes, mastering correct self-rescue methods is crucial to improving the chances of survival. d) The story of people struggling to survive in adversity makes us deeply realize the tenacity and preciousness of life. 主题句： a) Staying calm and making rational judgments is the first step to survive in extreme environments. b) The core of this survival guide is to teach people how to use the surrounding resources to help themselves in the wild. c) Mutual help and support between people can greatly improve the chances of survival in the face of disasters. d) The process of struggling to survive not only tests people's physical strength but also reflects the strength of human will. 段尾句： a) Learning survival skills is not only to deal with emergencies but also to better understand and cherish life. b) I hope this survival guide can help more people master self-rescue skills and protect themselves and their families when dangers come. c) The tenacity of life in the process of survival is touching. Let us always respect and cherish every life. d) No matter how difficult the situation is, as long as we have the will to survive and the right method, we can find a way out of adversity. ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式 1. The team managed to break through the boundary (边界) of traditional technology and achieved innovation. 2. We must overcome (克服) the obstacles in our way to accomplish the challenging task. 3. Her great determination (决心) helped her persist in pursuing her dream despite failures. 4. The scientist’s breakthrough (突破) in medical research has saved thousands of lives. 5. The delicate (脆弱的) ecosystem of the rainforest is being threatened by human activities. 6. Many rare species (物种) are on the verge of extinction (灭绝) due to habitat loss. 7. We should take action to preserve (保护) the fragile balance of nature. 8. His courage to venture (冒险) into unknown fields inspired many young people. 9. In the harsh (恶劣的) desert environment, only tough plants can survive. 10. The government launched a project to restore (恢复) the damaged wetland ecosystem. 11. She showed great resilience (韧性) to endure (忍受) the hardships of the survival challenge. 12. The barrier (障碍) between different cultures can be crossed through communication. 13. Using renewable energy is crucial to sustain (维持) the health of our planet. 14. The diversity (多样性) of life on Earth is essential for ecological balance. 15. They had to struggle (挣扎) for food and water in the desperate survival situation. 16. His ambition (抱负) to explore the ocean frontier drove him to study marine science. 17. Pollution has caused serious damage (损害) to the vulnerable coastal ecosystems. 18. To survive (生存) in the wild, one must master basic survival skills. 19. The harmony (和谐) between humans and nature is the key to sustainable development. 20. She exceeded (超越) everyone’s expectations by overcoming the seemingly impossible challenge. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2023新课标I卷) The survival (survive) of endangered species depends on effective protection measures. 2. (2024新课标II卷) She was deeply inspired (inspire) by the explorer’s courage to break boundaries. 3. (2025新课标I卷) The delicacy (delicate) of the coral reef ecosystem requires careful preservation. 4. (2023全国甲卷) His determination (determine) to overcome difficulties won him widespread respect. 5. (2024全国乙卷) The adaptation (adapt) of animals to climate change is a slow and complex process. 6. (2025新高考I卷) We were amazed (amaze) by the scientist’s innovative (innovate) approach to environmental protection. 7. (2023新高考II卷) The preservation (preserve) of cultural and natural heritage is of global significance. 8. (2024新课标I卷) The threat (threaten) of habitat destruction has forced many species to migrate. 9. (2025新课标II卷) Her persistence (persist) in pursuing her goal finally led to a great breakthrough. 10. (2023全国乙卷) It is essential (essence) to raise public awareness of protecting fragile ecosystems. 11. (2024全国甲卷) The recovery (recover) of the damaged wetland will take at least ten years. 12. (2025新高考II卷) The courageous (courage) explorer ventured into the uncharted forest alone. 13. (2023新课标II卷) The sustainable (sustain) development of human society cannot ignore environmental protection. 14. (2024新高考I卷) He successfully (success) crossed the desert by relying on his survival skills. 15. (2025全国甲卷) The diversity (diverse) of life forms on Earth is under serious threat from pollution. 16. (2023新高考I卷) The barrier (barrier) between science and art is being broken by interdisciplinary research. 17. (2024全国乙卷) The harmonious (harmony) coexistence of humans and nature is a common pursuit. 18. (2025全国乙卷) We need to constantly (constant) update our knowledge to keep up with ecological protection progress. 19. (2023全国甲卷) The challenging (challenge) task required all team members to work together. 20. (2024新课标II卷) Her dedication (dedicate) to marine conservation has made a significant difference. ( 题型 0 3 2 完成句子(精彩句型，活学即用) ) 1. 科学家们在基因编辑领域取得了重大突破，突破了传统医学的边界。 Scientists have made a major breakthrough in gene editing, breaking the boundaries of traditional medicine. 2. 保护脆弱的生态系统是每个人的责任，因为它关系到所有生物的生存。 Protecting the delicate ecosystem is everyone’s duty, as it is related to the survival of all living things. 3. 在恶劣的极地环境中，动物们通过长期适应形成了独特的生存技能。 In the harsh polar environment, animals have developed unique survival skills through long-term adaptation. 4. 他凭借坚定的决心和不懈的努力，克服了身体残疾带来的障碍，成为一名成功的作家。 With firm determination and unremitting efforts, he overcame the barriers brought by physical disability and became a successful writer. $