动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词（教师讲解卷）-2026版重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语考点双析卷》第53卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷，共涵盖50个考点的100份试卷，助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。 本卷是2026版重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语考点双析卷》的第53卷，主要考查动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。 2026版重庆市（对口招生）《英语考点双析卷》第53卷 动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词 教师讲解卷 一、单项选择（共5 小题, 每小题 5分, 共25分） 从下面每题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.My parents often tell me ________ too much time playing computer games. It’s bad for my eyes and study. A. not to spend B. not spending C.not spend D.not spent 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意：我父母经常告诉我不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。这对我的眼睛和学习都不好。分析句子可知，“tell sb. (not) to do sth.” 是固定结构，表 “告诉某人（不要）做某事”，此处需用动词不定式的否定形式 “not to spend”；B 项是现在分词，C 项是动词原形（缺少 to），D 项是过去分词，均不符合，故选 A 项。 2.The girl ________ by the window is my best friend, Lily. She is reading a novel written by her favorite author. A. sit B.sitting C. sat D.to sit 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意：坐在窗边的女孩是我最好的朋友莉莉。她正在读一本由她最喜欢的作者写的小说。分析句子可知，“sit” 与 “the girl” 是主动关系（女孩主动坐），且动作正在进行，需用现在分词 “sitting” 作后置定语；A 项是动词原形，C 项是过去分词（表被动或完成，此处无被动含义），D 项是动词不定式（表将来，此处表正在进行），均不符合，故选 B 项。 3.We were all excited when we heard the news ________ at the school sports meeting. Our class won three first prizes. A. surprise B. surprising C. surprised D. to surprise 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意：当我们听到学校运动会上的惊人消息时，都很兴奋。我们班赢得了三个一等奖。分析句子可知，“surprise” 修饰 “the news”，表 “消息令人惊讶”，需用现在分词 “surprising”（修饰事物，表 “令人…… 的”）；A 项是动词原形，C 项是过去分词（修饰人，表 “感到…… 的”），D 项是动词不定式，均不符合，故选 B 项。 4.The teacher asked us ________ our homework carefully before handing it in. Carelessness often leads to mistakes. A. check B.checking C.checked D.to check 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意：老师让我们交作业前仔细检查。粗心往往会导致错误。分析句子可知，“ask sb. to do sth.” 是固定结构，表 “让某人做某事”，此处需用动词不定式 “to check”；A 项是动词原形，B 项是现在分词，C 项是过去分词，均不符合，故选 D 项。 5.The old building ________ last year is now a modern library. It’s a good place for people to read and relax. A. rebuild B.rebuilding C.rebuilt D.rebuild 【答案】C 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意：去年重建的那栋旧建筑现在是一座现代化图书馆。它是人们阅读和放松的好地方。分析句子可知，“rebuild” 与 “the old building” 是被动关系（建筑被重建），且动作已完成（去年重建），需用过去分词 “rebuilt” 作后置定语；A 项是动词原形，B 项是现在分词（表主动或进行），D 项是动词不定式（表将来），均不符合，故选 C 项。 二、完形填空（共10小题, 每小题5分, 共50分） 阅读下面短文, 从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last month, our school organized a “Volunteer Day” activity. We were encouraged 6 part in different volunteer work to help people in need. My classmates and I decided 7 to the local old people’s home. Before we went there, we prepared a lot of things. We bought some fruits and flowers, and practiced 8 old songs—we knew the elderly would love them. On the morning of the activity, we met at the school gate and took a bus to the old people’s home. When we arrived, the staff welcomed us warmly. An old grandma sitting in the yard smiled at us and said, “I’m so happy 9 you young people. It’s quiet here most of the time.” We talked with the elderly first. Some of them told us stories about their lives when they were young, and others showed us photos 10 many years ago. After chatting, we started 11 some work. Some classmates helped 12 the rooms and windows, while others washed the clothes 13 by the elderly. I helped an old grandpa 14 newspapers—his eyesight wasn’t good, so he couldn’t see the words clearly. He said, “Thank you for 15 me. I feel much happier now.” In the afternoon, we put on a small performance. We sang the old songs we had practiced, and some classmates danced. The elderly clapped loudly and cheered for us. Before we left, they gave us some handwritten cards to show their thanks. 6.A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 7.A. go B. going C. to go D. went 8.A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. sang 9.A. see B. seeing C. to see D. saw 10.A. take B. taking C. to take D. taken 11.A. do B. doing C. to do D. done 12.A. clean B. cleaning C. to clean D. cleaned 13.A. leave B. leaving C. to leave D. left 14.A. read B. reading C. to read D. readed 15.A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped 【答案】6.C 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和同学参加学校 “志愿日” 活动，去养老院帮助老人的经历，通过动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词的不同用法，展现三者在句子中的功能差异，帮助深化理解。 【详解】 6.考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。“encourage sb. to do sth.” 是固定结构，表 “鼓励某人做某事”，需用 “to take”；A 项是原形，B 项是现在分词，D 项是过去式，均不符合，故选 C 项。 7.考查动词不定式作宾语。“decide to do sth.” 是固定结构，表 “决定做某事”，需用 “to go”；A 项是原形，B 项是现在分词，D 项是过去式，均不符合，故选 C 项。 8.考查现在分词作宾语。“practice doing sth.” 是固定结构，表 “练习做某事”，需用 “singing”；A 项是原形，C 项是动词不定式，D 项是过去式，均不符合，故选 B 项。 9.考查动词不定式作原因状语。“be happy to do sth.” 是固定结构，表 “做某事很开心”，需用 “to see”；A 项是原形，B 项是现在分词，D 项是过去式，均不符合，故选 C 项。 10.考查过去分词作定语。“take” 与 “photos” 是被动关系（照片被拍），且动作已完成，需用 “taken”；A 项是原形，B 项是现在分词，C 项是动词不定式，均不符合，故选 D 项。 11.考查动词不定式作宾语。“start to do sth.” 是固定结构，表 “开始做某事”（此处指开始做具体的志愿工作），需用 “to do”；A 项是原形，B 项是现在分词（start doing sth. 表 “开始持续做某事”，此处更侧重 “开始做某件具体事”），D 项是过去分词，均不符合，故选 C 项。 12.考查动词原形作宾语补足语。“help (to) do sth.” 是固定结构，“to” 可省略，需用 “clean”；B 项是现在分词，C 项是动词不定式（可加 to，但此处省略更自然），D 项是过去分词，均不符合，故选 A 项。 13.考查过去分词作定语。“leave” 与 “clothes” 是被动关系（衣服被留下），需用 “left”；A 项是原形，B 项是现在分词，C 项是动词不定式，均不符合，故选 D 项。 14.考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。“help sb. to do sth.” 是固定结构，“to” 可加，需用 “to read”；A 项是原形（可省略 to，但选项中无此搭配），B 项是现在分词，D 项是错误形式（read 的过去式是 read），均不符合，故选 C 项。 15.考查现在分词作宾语。“Thank you for doing sth.” 是固定结构，表 “感谢做某事”，需用 “helping”；A 项是原形，C 项是动词不定式，D 项是过去分词，均不符合，故选 B 项。 三、句型转换（共5小题,每小题5分,共25分） 按下面各题要求完成句型转换, 每空一词。 16.He expects to visit his grandparents next weekend.（改为否定句） He ________ ________ ________ visit his grandparents next weekend. 【答案】doesn’t expect to 【详解】考查动词不定式的否定形式。原句是一般现在时，主语 “he” 是第三人称单数，否定式需用 “doesn’t expect”，后接动词不定式 “to visit”，故填 doesn’t expect to。 17.The student who is reading in the library is my deskmate.（改为简单句，用现在分词） The student ________ ________ in the library is my deskmate. 【答案】reading 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。原句是定语从句，可简化为 “现在分词作定语”，“read” 与 “the student” 是主动关系，用 “reading”，故填 reading。 18.My mother told me that I should finish my homework first.（改为简单句，用动词不定式） My mother told me ________ ________ my homework first. 【答案】to finish 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。原句是宾语从句，可简化为 “tell sb. to do sth.” 结构，用 “to finish”，故填 to finish。 19.The letter that was written by my pen pal arrived yesterday.（改为简单句，用过去分词） The letter ________ ________ my pen pal arrived yesterday. 【答案】written by 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。原句是定语从句，可简化为 “过去分词作定语”，“write” 与 “the letter” 是被动关系，用 “written by”，故填 written by。 20.We are glad that we can take part in the English speech contest.（改为简单句，用动词不定式） We are glad ________ ________ part in the English speech contest. 【答案】to take 【详解】考查动词不定式作原因状语。原句是宾语从句，可简化为 “be glad to do sth.” 结构，用 “to take”，故填 to take。 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷，共涵盖50个考点的100份试卷，助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。 本卷是2026版重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语考点双析卷》的第53卷，主要考查动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。 2026版重庆市（对口招生）《英语考点双析卷》第53卷 动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词 教师讲解卷 一、单项选择（共5 小题, 每小题 5分, 共25分） 从下面每题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.My parents often tell me ________ too much time playing computer games. It’s bad for my eyes and study. A. not to spend B. not spending C.not spend D.not spent 2.The girl ________ by the window is my best friend, Lily. She is reading a novel written by her favorite author. A. sit B.sitting C. sat D.to sit 3.We were all excited when we heard the news ________ at the school sports meeting. Our class won three first prizes. A. surprise B. surprising C. surprised D. to surprise 4.The teacher asked us ________ our homework carefully before handing it in. Carelessness often leads to mistakes. A. check B.checking C.checked D.to check 5.The old building ________ last year is now a modern library. It’s a good place for people to read and relax. A. rebuild B.rebuilding C.rebuilt D.rebuild 二、完形填空（共10小题, 每小题5分, 共50分） 阅读下面短文, 从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last month, our school organized a “Volunteer Day” activity. We were encouraged 6 part in different volunteer work to help people in need. My classmates and I decided 7 to the local old people’s home. Before we went there, we prepared a lot of things. We bought some fruits and flowers, and practiced 8 old songs—we knew the elderly would love them. On the morning of the activity, we met at the school gate and took a bus to the old people’s home. When we arrived, the staff welcomed us warmly. An old grandma sitting in the yard smiled at us and said, “I’m so happy 9 you young people. It’s quiet here most of the time.” We talked with the elderly first. Some of them told us stories about their lives when they were young, and others showed us photos 10 many years ago. After chatting, we started 11 some work. Some classmates helped 12 the rooms and windows, while others washed the clothes 13 by the elderly. I helped an old grandpa 14 newspapers—his eyesight wasn’t good, so he couldn’t see the words clearly. He said, “Thank you for 15 me. I feel much happier now.” In the afternoon, we put on a small performance. We sang the old songs we had practiced, and some classmates danced. The elderly clapped loudly and cheered for us. Before we left, they gave us some handwritten cards to show their thanks. 6.A. take B. taking C. to take D. took 7.A. go B. going C. to go D. went 8.A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. sang 9.A. see B. seeing C. to see D. saw 10.A. take B. taking C. to take D. taken 11.A. do B. doing C. to do D. done 12.A. clean B. cleaning C. to clean D. cleaned 13.A. leave B. leaving C. to leave D. left 14.A. read B. reading C. to read D. readed 15.A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped 三、句型转换（共5小题,每小题5分,共25分） 按下面各题要求完成句型转换, 每空一词。 16.He expects to visit his grandparents next weekend.（改为否定句） He ________ ________ ________ visit his grandparents next weekend. 17.The student who is reading in the library is my deskmate.（改为简单句，用现在分词） The student ________ ________ in the library is my deskmate. 18.My mother told me that I should finish my homework first.（改为简单句，用动词不定式） My mother told me ________ ________ my homework first. 19.The letter that was written by my pen pal arrived yesterday.（改为简单句，用过去分词） The letter ________ ________ my pen pal arrived yesterday. 20.We are glad that we can take part in the English speech contest.（改为简单句，用动词不定式） We are glad ________ ________ part in the English speech contest. 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $