Unit 3 Back to the past 重点词汇归纳 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版（2020）选择性必修第三册

学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 3 · 1. convince v. 使相信；使确信；使信服；说服 convince sb. to do 说服某人做某事 I hope this will convince you to change your mind. convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 He managed to convince the jury of his innocence. [词形转换] 1）convinced adj. 确信的；坚信不移的 be convinced of… 坚信… 2）convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的 · 2. breadth n. 宽度；（知识、兴趣等）广泛 He was surprised at her breadth of reading. · 3. on behalf of 1）代表，代替 = on one’s behalf 2）因为；为了 They write letters of recommendation on behalf of students. · 4. load 1）n. 某物的量；很多；沉重的负担；工作量；负荷 a load of/ loads of 很多 We got a load of complaints about the loud music. take a load off one’s mind 卸下心头重担；如释重负 His recovery took a load off my mind. get a load of… 注意，仔细看（常用于表示惊讶或羡慕） 2）v. 装载；装入；大量给予（尤指得携带的东西）；（给…）装货 load A with B 把B装入A中 His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. load sth. into/onto… 把某物装入/装上… How long will it take to load the coal onto the truck ? [词形转换] 1）loaded adj.（车或容器的）装满的 be loaded with… 装满… The truck was loaded with watermelons. · 5. strengthen v. 加强；巩固；（风、水流等）增大 Repairs are necessary to strengthen the bridge. [词形转换] 1）strength n. 力气，体力；优势 strengths and weaknesses 优缺点 go from strength to strength 不断壮大 with all one’s strength 用尽全力 · 6. harmonious adj. 和谐的 Harmonious relationships are ones in which people are friendly and helpful to one another. [词形转换] 1）harmoniously adv. 和谐地 2）harmony n. 和谐；融洽 in harmony with 与…协调/一致 With better education, people will be able to build a better society in harmony with nature. 3）harmonize v. 使协调 · 7. dismiss v. 让（某人）离开；解散；解雇；消除 dismiss sb. from… 让某人从…离开；解雇某人 He was dismissed from his job for incompetence. dismiss sb. for sth. 因某事解雇某人 dismiss fears/ doubts from one’s mind 消除某人心中的恐惧/疑虑 · 8. proof n. 证据；证明；检验 be living proof of/ that…（用行动或品格）证明…属实 He is living proof that some players just get better with age. There is proof that… 有证据证明… There is proof that he is a robber. · 9. acknowledge 1）v. 承认（属实、权威等） acknowledge having done sth. 承认做了某事 Since you acknowledge having made a mistake, I would offer you another opportunity to correct it. acknowledge…as/ to be… 承认…是… Tu Youyou is widely acknowledged as/ to be one of the greatest scientists in the world. It is widely acknowledged that… It is widely acknowledged that Tu Youyou is one of the greatest scientists in the world. 2）（公开）感谢 In order to acknowledge his selfless help, the old couple invited him to run a big hotel. 3）（微笑、挥手等）致意 The President stood up to acknowledge the cheers of the crowd. [词形转换] 1）acknowledgment n. 承认；感谢 in acknowledgement of… 作为对…的感谢 Mrs. Brown received a special award in acknowledgement of all her hard work. · 10. influential adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的 be influential in (doing) sth. 在（做）某事上颇有影响力 Tu Youyou, one of the most outstanding scientists in the world, is influential in medicine. [词形转换] 1）influence n. 影响 have an influence on/ upon 对…有影响 Different students have different learning habits, which I think have a great influence on their learning efficiency. · 11. panic 1）v.（使）惊慌 panic sb. into doing 使某人仓皇行事；使某人仓促行动 Many people are panicked into buying things before the lockdown was announced. 2）n. 惊慌；恐慌 get into a picnic (about…) 陷入（对…的）恐慌 Don’t get into a panic when you are in a dangerous situation. in panic 惊慌地 Seeing Tony chocking on some food, his father called the emergency number in panic. · 12. regardless adv. 不顾；不管 regardless of 不管；不顾 Nobody has the right to spit in the street regardless of their social position or age. [词形转换] 1）regard v. 看作；认为 n. 问候，致意 [pl.] regard sb./ sth. as… 把某人/某物看作… She is widely regarded as the current leader’s natural successor. in/ with regard to sb./ sth. 关于某人/某事 With regard to the structure of your article, I felt that you ended rather suddenly, without rounding it off. in that/ this regard 在这一点上；在这方面 I have nothing further to say in this regard. 2）regarding prep. 关于 · 13. astonish v. 使吃惊，使惊讶 It astonishes sb. that… 使某人吃惊的是… It astonished me that no one had thought of this before. [词形转换] 1）astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的 2）astonished adj. 吃惊的，惊讶的 be astonished at/ by… 对…感到吃惊 The teachers were astonished at the boy’s talent for maths. 3）astonishment n. 惊讶 to one’s astonishment 令某人惊讶的是 in/ with astonishment 吃惊地 · 14. sort 1）n. 种类，类别 all sorts of… 各种各样的…. There are all sorts of activities for kids at the campsite. a sort of…（表示不十分准确）近似于…，有点像是… I have a sort of feeling that you will pass the final examination. sort of 有点，有几分（置于动词、形容词、副词之前）= kind of He looked sort of ashamed when he realized he made such a foolish mistake. 2）v. 整理，把…分类 sort…into… 把…分类 Rubbish can easily be separated and sorted into plastics, glass and paper. sort out 整理；把…安排好 John spent a happy weekend sorting out his coins and stamps. · 15. available adj. 1）可获得的；可购得的；可找到的 be available to do sth. 可以做某事 Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. be available for… 可用于… There will be four basketball courts available for our use. be available to sb. 对某人来说是可获得的 This activity is only available to international students who have currently registered for a course at Peking University. 2）（人）有空的 I’m sorry, Mr. White is not available at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t come to an end. · 16. exceptional adj. 非凡的；杰出的；不寻常的 Climbers are brave people, and Robert is no exception. [词形转换] 1）exceptionally adv. 极其，非常 The weather, even for January, was exceptionally cold. 2）except prep. 除…之外 conj. 除了；只是 3）exception n. 例外 be no exception 不例外 Everybody should keep discipline and you are no exception. with the exception of… 除…之外；不包括…在内 The whole of the island was flooded with the exception of a small area in the north. without exception 无一例外 · 17. adopt v. 1）采用；采取；采纳 If you want to improve your situation, you must adopt to a positive mental attitude. 2）领养，收养 His parents abandoned him when he was only one month old. Fortunately, he was adopted by a kind-hearted woman. [词形转换] 1）adopted adj. 收养的，领养的 2）adoption n. 收养；采用 · 18. compare 1）v. 对比，比较 compare…and/ with/ to… 比较…和… I regularly compare what I think with what others have thought. compared with/ to… 与…相比（常在句中作状语） Compared to/ with those boys, you are fortunate. beyond/ without compare 无与伦比 2）v. 将…比作 compare…to…将…比作… Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 3）v. 比得上，匹敌（通常用于否定句） compare with… 比得上 Nothing can compare with a mother’s love. [词形转换] 1）comparison n. 比较，对比 by comparison（尤用于句首）比较起来；较之 by/ in comparison with 与…相比 make a comparison 进行对比 · 19. pack 1）v. 收拾（行李）；包装 pack (sth.) up 把…打包，把…装箱 Jessica packed her books up in a hurry and left the classroom. 2）v. 挤进，涌入；挤满 pack (into)… 挤满/挤进… Seventy thousand people will pack into the stadium tonight. pack sp. with… …挤满/挤进某地 The bus was packed with people. pack sb. off (to…) 把某人打发走 I finally succeeded in packing her off to bed. 3）n.（商品的）纸包；纸袋；一捆 a pack of 一盒，一包；一帮；一群 in packs 成群地 [词形转换] 1）packed adj. 异常拥挤的；挤满人的 2）package n. 包裹 vt. 将…包装好 · 20. contrary 1）adj. 相反的 contrary to… 与…相反 Contrary to popular belief, many cats dislike milk. 2）n. 相反 on the contrary 正相反 “It must have been terrible.” On the contrary, I enjoyed every minute. · 21. violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的；狂暴的；强烈的 There was a violent explosion last night that left several buildings seriously damaged. [词形转换] 1）violence n. 暴力；猛烈 · 22. dive v./ n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲 dive into… 迅速把手伸入；一心投入 He dived into his pocket and pulled out a dollar. [词形转换] 1）diver n. 潜水员；跳水者 2）diving n. 跳水（运动）；潜水 · 23. freeze v. 1）呆住，突然停止 I froze with terror as the door slowly opened. 2）结冰；冷冻；冻结 If the temperature drops below 0℃, water will freeze. [词形转换] 1）freezing adj. 冷冻的 adv. 极冷地 2）frozen adj.（食物）冷冻的，冷藏的；（人）冻僵的 3）freezer n. 冰柜 · 24. drag v. 拖；拽；拉；缓慢而费力地移动 drag one’s feet/ heels 做事拖拉；故意延迟 It’s not a good idea to drag your feet when the work needs to be done. · 25. chaos n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱 in chaos 处于混乱状态 The city was in chaos after earthquake. Many people were exposed to danger. · 26. reform 1）v. 改革；（使）改正；改造 reform sb./ oneself 改造某人/改过自新 2）n. 改革；改良 reform and opening up 改革开放 far-reaching reforms 意义深远的变革 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $