名词所有格-备战2025-2026学年七年级英语上学期期末语法全解（外研版）

ENGLISH-初一系列资料（外研版） Chapter1名词所有格 考频分析 名词所有格是中考英语词法的重要模块，考频占词法总量的5%左右，主要出现在单项选择(1-2题)、完 形填空(1-2题)人、语法填空(1题)等题型中。在语境理解类题目中，名词所有格的形式变化及所属关系 的准确表达往往是解题关键。 考查内容 中考对名词所有格的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·基本构成规则：'s所有格（包括单数名词、复数名词、不规则复数名词）、o所有格的结构与适用场景； ·特殊用法辨析：共有所有格与分别所有格的区别，”s”所有格的省略规则，时间、距离、国家等名词的所 有格表达； ·语境综合运用：在具体语境中选择恰当的所有格形式，结合名词单复数及语义关系判断所有格的正确形 式。 精讲精练 知识点一：名词所有格的构成及用法 ·有生命名词的所有格 -单数名词：直接加's→例句：This is Tom's book.(这是汤姆的书。)》 -复数名词：以s结尾加'；不以s结尾加's→例句：口The teachers'office is on the second floor.(老 师们的办公室在二楼。)口Children's Day is on June1st.(儿童节在6月1日。) -并列名词：表示各自所有，分别加's;表示共同所有，最后一个加's→例句：·Lucy's and Lily's rooms are different..(露西和莉莉的房间不一样。)口Lucy and Lily's mother is a doctor..(露西和莉莉的妈妈 是医生。) ·无生命名词的所有格 -通常用“of+名词”结构→例句：the cover of the book(书的封面)、the window of the house(房 子的窗户)》 ·特殊所有格 一时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命名词可直接加's→例句：口today's newspaper(今天的报纸)口ten minutes'walk(十分钟的步行路程) -双重所有格：“of+名词所有格名词性物主代词”，表示部分所属→例句：a friend of my father's(我 爸爸的一个朋友)、an interesting story of hers(她的一个有趣的故事) 【即学即练】 1.【有生命名词所有格】”男孩的书包”用英语正确表达是？ A.boy book B.boys book C.boy's book D.boy'book 2.【复数名词所有格】请写出”老师们的办公室”的英语表达：一 3.【共有分别所有格】Lucy和Liy共同的妈妈，英语表达为？ A.Lucy's and Lily's mother B.Lucy and Lily's mother C.Lucy and Lilys'mother D.Lucys'and Lilys'mother 4.【无生命名词所有格】”书的封面”用英语正确表达是？ A.the book's cover B.the cover of the book C.the cover's book D.book of the cover 5.【双重所有格】”我妈妈的一个朋友”英语表达为：a friend of一(my mother)。 初一|英语|外研版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（外研版） 知识点二：名词所有格的构成与用法 ·有生命名词的所有格 1.单数名词：直接在词尾加's 一例句： -·Tom's book(汤姆的书) -口The girl'stoy(女孩的玩具) 2.以s结尾的复数名词：在词尾加 一例句： -口The students'classroom(学生们的教室) -口The teachers'office(老师们的办公室) 3.不以s结尾的复数名词：在词尾加's 一例句： -口Children'sDay(儿童节) -口Men's shoes(男人们的鞋) ·无生命名词的所有格 1.通常用“of+名词”结构表示所属关系 一例句： -口The cover of the book(书的封面) -口The window of the house(房子的窗户) 2.部分无生命名词可用's表示时间、距离、国家、城市等 一例句： -口Today's newspaper(今天的报纸) -口Ten minutes'walk(十分钟的步行路程) ·共有所有格与分别所有格 1.共有所有格：表示两人或多人共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加's 一例句： -口Lucy and Lily's mother(露西和莉莉的妈妈，共同的妈妈) -口Tom and Jim's room(汤姆和吉姆的房间，共同的房间) 2.分别所有格：表示两人或多人分别拥有，在每个名词后加's 例句： -口Lucy's and Lily's bags(露西的包和莉莉的包，各自的包) -口Tom's and Jim's fathers(汤姆的爸爸和吉姆的爸爸，各自的爸爸) ·双重所有格 1.结构：of+名词所有格名词性物主代词 一例句： -口A friend of my father's(我爸爸的一个朋友) -口A photo of mine(我的-张照片) 知识点三：名词所有格 ·有生命名词的所有格 一基础形式拓展（中考必背）： *口单数名词直接加's→列句：This is Tom's book.(这是汤姆的书。) *口以s结尾的复数名词加'→例句：The teachers'office is on the second floor..(老师们的办公室 在二楼。) *口不以s结尾的复数名词加's→例句：Children's Day is on June1st.(儿童节在6月1日。) *口并列名词的所有格（共有）→例句：Lucy and Lily's mother is a doctor.(露西和莉莉的妈妈是 名医生。) *口并列名词的所有格（分有）→例句：Tom's and Jim's bikes are red.(汤姆的自行车和吉姆的自 行车都是红色的。) 一特殊用法（中考易错）： *口表示时间、距离、国家等无生命名词的所有格例句：Today's newspaper is very interesting. (今天的报纸很有趣。) *口双重所有格(of+'s所有格)→例句：He is a friend of my father's.(他是我爸爸的一个朋友。) ·无生命名词的所有格 -基础搭配（中考常考）： *O用of短语表示所属关系→例句：The cover of the book is blue.(这本书的封面是蓝色的。) *口部分表示整体的名词所有格→例句：a map of China(一幅中国地图)、the door of the room(房 间的门) ·名词所有格的省略 一常见场景（中考核心）： *口名词所有格后接表示店铺、住宅等名词时，常省略名词→例句：'m going to the tailor's.(我要 去裁缝店。) *口名词所有格后接上文已提及的名词时，可省略该名词→例句：This is my pen,and that is Mary's. (这是我的钢笔，那是玛丽的。) ·中考易错点辨析 1.共有与分别所有格混淆： -This is Luey's and Lily's mother.→This is Lucy and Lily's mother..(共同拥有，仅最后一个名词 加's) -These are七ey and Lily's bags.→These are Lucy's and Lily's bags.(分别拥有，每个名词加's) 2.复数名词所有格漏加/错加符号： -he student's elassroom→the students'classroom(复数以s结尾，仅加') -the childs'toys→the children's toys(不规则复数，加's) 3.双重所有格缺少名词所有格： -a friend of my father→a friend of my father's(双重所有格需用名词所有格) 4.无生命名词错误使用's所有格： -the book's eover→the cover of the book(无生命名词优先用of结构) 初一|英语|外研版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（外研版） 考法一：有生命名词所有格构成辨析 ·核心：根据名词单复数形式及是否以s结尾，判断所有格正确形式('s) ·真题1（语法填空）： The_(child)toys are scattered on the floor.Please put them away. -答案：children's解析：child的复数形式为children,不以s结尾，所有格直接加's,故填children's。 ·真题2（单项选择）： These are the _books.They are reading now. A.student B.students C.student's D.students' -答案：D解析：由These are可知student应为复数students,以s结尾的复数名词所有格直接加'， 故选D。 考法二：名词所有格综合运用 ·核心：结合不同类型名词（有生命无生命、单数复数、并列名词）的所有格规则，判断具体语境中的正 确形式 ·真题1（语法填空）： June 1st is_(child)Day.We usually have a party at school. -答案：Children's解析：”儿童节”是固定表达，”children”为不以s结尾的复数名词，所有格形式需 加's,故填Children'so ·真题2（完形填空）： These arebags.Lucy's is red and Lily's is blue A.Lucy and Lily's B.Lucy's and Lily C.Lucy's and Lily's D.Lucy and Lily -答案：C解析：由后文"Lucy's is red and Lily's is blue”可知两人分别拥有包，需用分别所有格，每个 名词后加's,故选C。 考法三：名词所有格的构成与用法 ·核心：掌握有生命无生命名词所有格的构成规则('s/o),区分共有与分别所有格，理解双重所有格及 省略用法 ·真题1（单项选择）： Look!This is_room.They share it together. A.Lucy and Lily's B.Lucy's and Lily's C.Lucy and Lilys' D.Lucys'and Lilys -答案：A解析：由”share it together'”可知是两人共同拥有的房间，应用共有所有格，即在最后一个名 词后加's,故选择A。 ·真题2（语法填空）： Today is June 1st.It is_(child)Day.All the(child)parents will take them to the park. -答案：Children's;children's解析：第一空”儿童节”为固定表达Children'sDay,不以s结尾的复数 名词所有格加's;第二空表示”孩子们的父母”，以s结尾的复数名词所有格加'，children是复数但不 以s结尾，故仍加's。 初一|英语」外研版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（外研版） 解题小妙招 名词所有格妙招 有生命名词看单复，单数复数无s都加's; 复数名词词尾有s,直接加'就正确； 共有所有格后加's,分别所有各加's; 固定表达要牢记，Children'sDay是特例； 无生命名词用of,双重所有格别忘记。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.This is _desk.He is reading on it now. A.Tom B.Toms C.Tom's D.Toms 2.These are the_toys.They are playing with them. A.girl B.girls C.girl's D.girls' 3.Look!That is_schoolbag.Her name is on it. A.Mary B.Marys C.Mary's D.Marys' 4.June 1st is_Day.We often have fun activities A.Child B.Childs C.Children D.Children's 5.This is_room.They live together happily. A.Lucy and Lily B.Lucy's and Lily's C.Lucy and Lily's D.Lucys'and Lilys' 6.These are _books.Mike's is about science and John's is about history. A.Mike and John's B.Mike's and John's C.Mike and John D.Mike's and John 7.We will meet at the _office at 3 p.m. A.teacher B.teachers C.teacher's D.teachers' 8.Ten_walk is not too far for me. A.minute B.minutes C.minute's D.minutes 9.He is a good friend of_. A.my father B.my father's C.me father D.me father's 10.The_cover is red and beautiful. A.book B.books C.book's D.books' 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The_(boy)toy car is under the bed. 2.These are the(student)notebooks. 3.March 8th is_(woman)Day. 4.This is_(Lucy and Lily)new house.They like it very much. 5._(Tom and Jim)mothers are both doctors. 6.The_(dog)tail is short and curly. 7.We need to finish the work in two-(hour)time. 8.This is a photo of_(my sister).It was taken last year. 9.The_(city)park is a good place to relax 10.(Peter)birthday is on October 1st. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） Today is Sunday.It is_(Tom)13th birthday.His parents are preparing a party for him.They go to the _(market)to buy some food first.The_(fruit)stall has many fresh apples and bananas.Then they visit -(Tom and his sister)favorite toy shop.Tom wants a model plane,and his sister wants a doll. In the afternoon,_(Tom's friends)come to the party.They bring many gifts.Lily gives a storybook of _(her)to Tom.It is about_(children)adventures.Lucy and Lily make a big cake together.It is_(Lucy and Lily)special gift. After dinner,they play games in-(Tom)room.The room is big and bright.Everyone has a good time. What a happy_(Sunday)party! 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.C2.D3.C4.D5.C6.B7.D8.D9.B10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.boy's 2.students'3.Women's 4.Lucy and Lily's 5.Tom's and Jim's 6.dog's 7.hours'8.my sister's 9.city's 10.Peter's 演练三：语法填空 1.Tom's 2.market's 3.fruit's 4.Tom and his sister's 5.Tom's friends' 6.hers 7.children's 8.Lucy and Lily's 9.Tom's 10.Sunday's 初一|英语引外研版