代词：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词-备战2025-2026学年七年级英语上学期期末语法全解（外研版）

ENGLISH-初一系列资料（外研版） Chapter1代词：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词 考频分析 代词是中考英语词法的重要模块，考频占词法总量的15%左右，涉及试卷多个核心题型：单项选择(2-3 题)、完形填空(23题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（辅助理解，影响上下文逻辑连贯性）。在语境理 解类题目中，代词的指代对象、人称和数的一致性及词性辨析往往是解题关键。 考查内容 中考对代词的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·人称代词：主格、宾格的语法功能及语境辨析； ·物主代词：形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词的句法作用与转换； ·指示代词：this/that/these/those的指代范围及近远指用法差异。 精讲精练 知识点一：代词的分类及基础用法 ·人称代词（指代人或事物，作主语或宾语） -主格形式：I(我)、you(你/你们)、he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、we(我们)、they(他们她们它 们)→例句：She is a teacher..(主格作主语) -宾格形式：me(我)、you(你你们)、him(他)、her(她)、it(它)、us(我们)、them(他们她们/它 们)→例句：My mother loves me.(宾格作宾语) ·物主代词（表示所属关系） -形容词性物主代词（后接名词）：my(我的)、your(你的你们的)、his(他的)、her(她的)、its(它 的)、our(我们的)、their(他们的她们的/它们的)→例句：This is my book.(修饰名词book) -名词性物主代词（独立使用，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”）：mine(我的)、yours(你的/你们 的)、his(他的)、hers(她的)、its(它的)、ours(我们的)、theirs(他们的她们的/它们的)→例 句：The red pen is hers.(相当于her pen) ·指示代词（指示人或事物） -单数形式：this(这个，近指)、that(那个，远指)→例句：This is a cat../That is a dog. -复数形式：these(这些，近指)、those(那些，远指)→例句：These are apples./Those are bananas. 【即学即练】 1.【人称代词格辨析】My sister is a doctor.._works in a big hospital. A.Her B.She C.Hers D.Him 2.【物主代词类型辨析】This is_book.The red one is_. A.my;mine B.mine;my C.me;my D.my;me 3.【指示代词单复数】一Are_your books?一No,are my brother's. A.this;that B.these;those C.this;those D.these;that 4.【人称代词宾格用法】My parents often tell_stories before bedtime. A.I B.me C.my D.mine 5.【指示代词特殊用法】He said he would come,and_is true. A.this B.these C.them D.it 初一|英语外研版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（外研版） 知识点二：代词分类及用法 ·人称代词（指代人或事物的代词，有主格和宾格之分） 1.主格（作主语） -第一人称：I(我)、we(我们) -第二人称：you(你、你们) -第三人称：he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、they(他们她们它们) -例句 *I am a student.(l作主语) *They play football every Sunday..(They作主语) 2.宾格（作宾语，位于动词或介词后） -第一人称：me(我)、us(我们) -第二人称：you(你、你们) -第三人称：him(他)、her(她)、it(它)、them(他们她们它们) -例句： *My mother loves me.(me作动词loves的宾语) *He is waiting for her..(her作介词for的宾语) ·物主代词（表示所属关系，分为形容词性和名词性） 1.形容词性物主代词（后接名词，作定语） -第一人称：y(我的)、our(我们的)》 一第二人称：your(你的、你们的) -第三人称：his(他的)、her(她的)、its(它的)、their(他们的/她们的/它们的) 一例句： *This is my book.(my修饰名词book) *Their classroom is big.(their修饰名词classroom) 2.名词性物主代词（后不接名词，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，可作主语、宾语或表语） -第一人称：mine(我的)、ours(我们的) -第二人称：yours(你的/你们的) -第三人称：his(他的)、hers(她的)、its(它的)、theirs(他们的/她们的/它们的) 一例句： *The red pen is mine.(mine作表语，相当于my pen) *Hers is on the desk.(hers作主语，相当于Her pen) ·指示代词（指示人或事物，近指和远指） 1.近指（指近处的人或事物） -this(这个，单数)、these(这些，复数) 一例句： *This is a cat..(this指代近处的单数事物) *These are apples.(these指代近处的复数事物) 2.远指（指远处的人或事物） -that(那个，单数)、those(那些，复数) -例句： *That is a dog.(that指代远处的单数事物) *Those are trees.(those指代远处的复数事物)】 3.特殊用法（避免重复，指代前文内容） -this/that可指代前文提到的单数名词或句子，these/those指代复数名词 -例句： *He said he would come,and this is true.(this指代前文He said he would come?”这件事) *I like the books.Those are interesting.(those指代前文的复数名词books) 知识点三：代词 ·人称代词 一基础用法拓展（中老必背）： *口l/me(我)→主格例句：I am a student.宾格例句：She teaches me English *·you/you(你/你们)→主格例句：You are my best friend.宾格例句：I will help you with your study. *口he/him(他)→主格例句：He plays football well..宾格例句：Ve often talk to him after class. *口she/her(她)→主格例句：She likes reading books..宾格例句：My mother buys a gift for her.. *口it/it(它)→主格例句：It is a lovely cat.宾格例句：I found it under the desk. *口welus(我们)→主格例句：We go to school together.宾格例句：They invite us to their party. *口they/them(他们/她们/它们)→主格例句：They are playing games.宾格例句：I saw them in the park yesterday. ·物主代词 一基础用法拓展（中考必背）： *口my/mine(我的)→形容词性例句：This is my book.名词性例句：The book is mine. *口your/yours(你的/你们的)→形容词性例句：Is this your pen?名词性例句：Yours is on the desk. *口his/his(他的)→形容词性例句：His bag is blue.名词性例句：The blue bag is his. *口her/hers(她的)→形容词性例句：Her hair is long.名词性例句：The long hair is hers. *口its/its(它的)→形容词性例句：The dog wags its tail..名词性例句：The tail is its. *口our/ours(我们的)→形容词性例句：Our classroom is big.名词性例句：This big classroom is ours. *口their/theirs(他们的/她们的/它们的)→形容问性例句：Their house is red.名饲性例句：The red house is theirs. ·指示代词 一基础用法拓展（中考必背）： *口this/these(这/这些)→近指单数例句：This is an apple.近指复数例句：These are apples. *口that/those(那/那些)→远指单数例句：That is a banana.远指复数例句：Those are bananas. 一特殊用法（中考易错）： *口this/that指代上文下文内容→上文指代例句：He said he would come,and this is true.下文指 代例句：She is very kind,that is why we like her.. *these/those用于比铰句型→例句：These books are more interesting than those. 初一|英语」外研版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（外研版） 老法一：人称代词主格与宾格辨析 ·核心：根据代词在句中作主语或宾语的成分，选择正确的主格或宾格形式 ·真题1（语法填空）： My sister is a doctor.-works in a big hospital. -答案：She解析：句中缺少主语，指代前文的”ly sister”(女性)，应用第三人称主格形式She。 ·真题2（完形填空）： My parents often tell__stories before bedtime. A.I B.me C.my D.mine 一答案：B解析：空格前为动词tel,需填宾格作宾语，指代”我”，应用宾格形式me。 考法二：代词用法辨析 ·核心：根据代词在句中的语法功能（如主语、宾语、定语）及上下文语境，选择正确的代词形式（主格宾 格、形容词性/名词性物主代词、指示代词近指远指) ·真题1（语法填空）： My pen is red.What about_(you)?Is_(you)pen blue? -答案：yours your解析：第一空后无名词，需用名词性物主代词yours指代“你的钢笔”；第二空后有 名词pen,需用形容词性物主代词your修饰名词。 ·真题2（完形填空）： --Are_(this)your books? --No,_(that)are my brother's. A.this those B.these those C.these that D.this that -答案：B解析：第一空由be动词are可知主语为复数，用these(这些，近指复数)；第二空指代复 数名词books,用those(那些，远指复数)。 考法三：代词的综合应用 ·核心：在具体语境中准确判断所需代词的种类（人称、物主、指示代词）及其形式（主格宾格、形容词 性/名词性、单数复数) ·真题1（单项选择）： --Is thisbook,Lucy? --No,it isn't.is on the desk. A.your;My B.your;Mine C.yours;My D.yours;Mine -答案：B解析：第一空后接名词book,需用形容词性物主代词your;第二空后无名词，需用名词性物 主代词mine(相当于my book),故选B。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -Look at those birds!_are flying so high in the sky.I really like watching_. -答案：They;them解析：第一空作主语，指代前文复数名词birds,需用主格代词they;第二空作动 词watching的宾语，需用宾格代词them。 解题小妙招 代词辨析妙招 代词用法看成分，主格作主宾格宾； 物主代词分两种，形代名后代在前； 指示代词看单复，近this远that记心间； 综合运用看语境，代词种类形式辨。 初一|英语引外研版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（外研版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题，聚焦核心考点） 1.My brother likes sports._often plays basketball after school. A.He B.Him C.His D.He's 2.This is not my pencil.-is in the pencil case. A.I B.My C.Mine D.Me 3.-Areyour books on the desk? 4.-No,those are my sister's. A.this B.that C.these D.it 5.My parents always help-with my homework. A.I B.me C.my D.mine 6.The cat is cute.I likevery much. A.it B.its C.they D.them 7.-Is thisbag,Tom? 8.-Yes,thank you for finding_. A.your;it B.yours;it C.your;them D.yours;them 9.We are good friends._often go to school together. A.I B.She C.They D.We 10.Those are not our desks.-are near the window. A.Our B.Ours C.We D.Us 11.-What about _ruler?Is it blue? 12.-No,_is green. A.you;my B.your;mine C.yours;I D.you;mine 13.He said he would come,and_is true. A.this B.that C.these D.those 演练二：填空（共10题，句子） 1.My mother is a teacher._(works in a middle school. 2.This is my book.Where is_(你的)？ 3.The children are happy.(are playing games in the park. 4.I can't find my pen.Did you see_(C)on the desk? 5.These are my friends.I often go shopping with _() 6.--Is this_(她的)bag? 7.-No,_(她的)is red. 8.My father bought a new bike.(B)is black. 9.Ne love our school.._(我们的)teachers are very kind, 1o.-Are_(那些)apples on the tree? 11.-Yes,I want to pick_(它们). 12.My sister and I are students._(study in the same class. 演练三：语法填空（一篇文章，共10空，侧重重难点） This is my friend Lucy._(1)is from England._(2)has two brothers.Their names are Tom and Jack. Tom is 12,and Jack is 10.(3)are both students.Lucy's parents are teachers.-(4)work in a primary school. Look at the photo on the wall.-(5)is a photo of Lucy's family.The man in blue is her father.-(6)is tall and strong.The woman next to him is her mother.-(7)has long hair.The two boys behind them are Tom and Jack.Lucy loves_(8)very much. Lucy has a cat._(9)is white and black._(10)name is Mimi.Mimi likes playing with Lucy every day. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.A2.C3.C4.B5.A6.A7.D8.B9.B10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.She 2.yours 3.They 4.it 5.them 6.her;hers 7.It 8.Our 9.those;them 10.We 演练三：语法填空 1.She 2.She 3.They 4.They 5.It 6.He 7.She 8.them 9.It 10.Its 初一|英语」外研版