by＋动名词的用法-备战2025-2026学年九年级英语上学期期末语法全解（人教版）

ENGLISH-初三全一册资料（人教版） Chapter1by+动名词的用法 考频分析 by+动名词是中考英语语法的重要考点，考频占语法总量的5%左右，主要分布在单项选择(1-2题)、语 法填空(1题)、阅读理解（间接考察，影响对被动语态或方式状语的理解）。在语法填空中，通过语境判 断动作的执行者或方式时，by+动名词的正确运用是解题关键；单项选择常结合被动语态考查其搭配。 老查内容 中考对"by+动名词”结构的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·功能辨析：介词by后接动名词作方式状语、手段状语的核心功能；与by后接名词代词的用法差异； ·动名词形式：规则动词与不规则动词变动名词的拼写规则（如去e加-ig、双写未尾辅音字母等）： ·语境应用：交通方式(by walking)、通讯方式(by calling)、抽象手段(by working hard)等场景中的 固定搭配与语义匹配。 精讲精练 知识点一：y+动名词的用法 ·基本含义及功能（表方式、手段） -核心用法：介词by后接动名词（动词-ig形式），表示“通过…方式/手段”“借助…方法”，说明 动作的实现途径 -例句：口I learn English by listening to tapes..(通过听磁带学英语，表学习方式)口He improves his writing by keeping a diary.(通过写日记提高写作，表提升手段) ·常见语境及搭配 -日常行为场景：by reading books(通过读书)、by practicing every day(通过每天练习)→例句：She relaxes by watching movies on weekends -技能学习场景：by speaking English with others(通过和别人说英语)、by taking notes(通过做笔记) →例句：We can master grammar by doing exercises, ·句式结构特点 一在句中位置：通常位于句末，作方式状语，修饰谓语动词 -动名词形式要求：by后的动词必须变为动名词，即原形加-ing,不随主语或时态变化→错误：He studies by listen to music..(listen应改为listening)→正t确：He studies by listening to music. 【即学即练】 1.【基本用法】He improves his English by_(read)English novels every day. 2.【句式结构】by+动名词在句中通常作什么成分？ A.主语 B.宾语 C.方式状语 D.表语 3.【形式判断】下列句子中语法正确的是？ A.She learn by write stories. B.She learns by write stories. C.She learns by writing stories. D.She learn by writing stories. 4.【语境应用】翻译：他通过每天练习弹钢琴提高技艺。(He improves his skills by_the piano every day.) 5.【错误辨析】改正错误句子：We relax by watch TV in the evening.→ 初三|英语引人教版 ENGLISH-初三全一册资料（人教版） 知识点二：by+动名词的否定与疑问结构 ·否定结构（表“通过不…的方式”） 1.结构形式 -by+not+动名词(not置于动名词前，表示否定方式) 2.例句 -☐He avoids mistakes by not rushing.(通过不匆忙行事避免错误) -口We protect the environment by not using plastic bags.(通过不使用塑料袋保护环境) ·疑问句中的用法（特殊疑问句与一般疑问句）》 1.特殊疑问句 一结构：How+助动词情态动词+主语+谓语+by+动名词？ 一例句： -口How do you improve pronunciation by repeating sentences？(如何通过重复句子改善发音？) -口How did she pass the exam by studying hard?(她如何通过努力学习通过考试？) 2.一般疑问句 -结构：助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+by+动名词？ 一例句： -口Do they learn culture by watching documentaries?(他们通过看纪录片学习文化O吗？) -口Can you save time by taking a shortcut'?(你能通过走捷径节省时间吗？) ·被动语态搭配（强调动作承受者） 1.结构形式 一by+动名词+被动语态（动名词表示方式，被动语态表示主语是动作承受者） 2.例句 -·The problem was solved by using a new method.(通过使用新方法解决了问题) -口English is mastered by practicing consistently.(通过持续练习掌握英语) ·与情态动词连用（表推测或可能性） 1.常见组合 -can/may/must+be+过去分词+by+动名词 2.例句 -口Progress can be made by setting clear goals.(通过设定清晰目标可能取得进步) -口The door may be locked by turning the key clockwise.(通过顺时针转动钥匙可能锁上门) 知识点三：by+动名词的易错点与拓展用法 ·易混淆结构辨析（中考高频易错） 1.基础用法对比（中考必考）： -口by+doing(通过做…)→例句：e save time by taking a subway.(通过乘地铁节省时间) -口for+doing(为了做…)一→例句：This tool is for opening cans.(这个工具是用来开罐头的) -口through+doing(通过…过程)→例句：He succeeded through working hard.(通过努力工 作获得成功) -·with+名词（用…工具）→例句：She writes with a pen.(她用钢笔写字) 2.特殊否定形式（中考难点）： -口not by.but by..(不是通过…而是通过…)一→例句：Ne learn not by reading but by practicing. (我们不是通过阅读而是通过实践学习) -口by+not doing(通过不做…)→例句：Stay healthy by not eating junk food.(通过不吃垃圾 食品保持健康) ·中考常见固定搭配 1.学习类场景搭配（中考必背）： -口by memorizing words(通过背单词)→例句：He enlarges vocabulary by memorizing20 words daily. -口by doing exercises(通过做练习)→例句：Improve math by doing exercises regularly.. -口by reading aloud(通过大声朗读)，例句：Practice pronunciation by reading aloud every morn- ing. -口by watching videos(通过看视频)→例句：Learn science by watching educational videos, 2.生活类场景搭配（中考常考）： -口by saving money(通过省钱)→例句：They buy a new computer by saving money for months. -口by taking buses(通过乘公交)→例句：Reduce pollution by taking buses instead of driving -口by recycling waste(通过回收垃圾)→例句：Protect environment by recycling waste paper.. ·特殊句式结构 1.强调句结构（中考提升）： -口It is by..that.(正是通过…才…)→例句：It is by practicing that we make progress..(正是通 过练习我们才取得进步) -口What.by.(通过什么方式…)→例句：hat do you learn by watching English movies? 2.并列结构（中考易错） -口by doing..and doing..(通过做…和做…)→例句：Learn English by listening to tapes and speaking with foreigners -☐by doing..or doing.…(通过做…或做…)→例句：Relax by reading books or watching TV. ·中考真题考点归纳 1.时态配合考点（近三年真题）： -口现在时：She learns cooking by watching videos.(通过看视频学习烹饪) -口过去时：He passed the test by studying hard..(通过努力学习通过考试) -口将来时：Ve will succeed by keeping trying.(通过不断尝试将会成功) 2.语态配合考点（中考重点）： -口主动语态：They make progress by practicing daily..(通过每日练习取得进步) -口被动语态：The room is cleaned by using this tool.(通过使用这个工具打扫房间) 初三|英语|人教版 ENGLISH-初三全一册资料（人教版） 考法一：基本结构及动名词形式 ·核心：识别by后动词需用动名词形式（动词原形加-ig),判断语法正确性 ·真题1（语法填空）： We can improve listening skills by_(listen)to English songs every day. -答案：listening解析：by后接动名词作方式状语，listen的动名词形式为listening。 ·真题2（单项选择）： She relaxes on weekends by-movies. A.watch B.watches C.watching D.watched -答案：C解析：by后需接动名词形式，watch的动名词为watching。 考法二：否定与疑问结构辨析 ·核心：掌握by+动名词的否定形式(by+not+动名词)及疑问句结构（特殊疑问句：How+助动词情 态动词+主语+谓语+by+动名词？；一般疑问句：助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+by+动名词？) ·真题1（语法填空）： -We can protect the earth by_(not use)disposable products. 一答案：not using解析：by后接否定动名词时，需用“not+动名词”结构，use的动名词形式为using, 故填not using。 ·真题2（单项选择）： -_they improve their writing by keeping diaries? A.Do B.Does C.Did D.Will -答案：A解析：句中“improve?”为原形，且无过去时间标志，判断为一般现在时的一般疑问句，主语 they为复数，助动词用Do。 考法三：by+动名词的复合应用 ·核心：根据语境判断动作实现方式，掌握by后接动名词表手段的用法，并能辨析易混结构 ·真题1（单项选择）： --How do you usually improve your English? --reading English newspapers every day. A.With B.By C.For D.Through -答案：B解析：答句完整形式为"I improve my English by reading.”,表”通过..方式”用by+doing 结构；with后接工具，for表目的，through强调过程，均不符合”每日读报”的手段表达。 ·真题2（语法填空）： The environment can be protected by_(reduce)plastic waste.We should take action now. -答案：reducing解析：介词by后必须接动名词形式，表示”通过减少塑料垃圾”的方式；被动语态"can be protected”强调环境保护的受动性，与by doing构成完整的方式状语结构。 初三|英语|人教版 ENGLISH初三全一册资料（人教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.He learns math byproblems every day. A.solve B.solves C.solving D.solved 2.How do you improve spoken English by_with others? A.practice B.practicing C.practiced D.to practice 3._they study history by watching documentaries? A.Do B.Does C.Did D.Will 4.We can save water by_the tap when brushing teeth A.not turn B.not turning C.not to turn D.not turned 5.The room was cleaned by_a new cleaning tool. A.use B.uses C.using D.used 6.-do you learn new words? 7.-By reading English stories. A.What B.How C.Why D.When 8.She relaxes by_music or watching movies. A.listen to B.listening to C.listened to D.to listen to 9.Progress_by working hard every day. A.makes B.made C.is made D.was made 10.Do they improve writing skills by_diaries? A.keep B.keeps C.keeping D.kept 11.It is_reading aloud that we practice pronunciation. A.by B.with C.for D.through 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.We improve pronunciation by_(repeat)sentences. 2.How did you pass the exam by_(study)hard? 3.They protect animals by_(not hunt)wild creatures. 4.Can you save time by _(take)the subway? 5.The problem was solved by_(use)a computer program. 6.Do you learn culture by_(watch)traditional films? 7.She learns cooking by_(follow)online recipes 8.We stay healthy by_(exercise)regularly and_(eat)vegetables. 9.How do you memorize words by_(write)them down? 10.The door was locked by_(turn)the key twice 演练三：语法填空（共10空） Many students want to improve their English quickly.Here are some useful ways: First,listen to English songs daily.You can learn new words by_(sing)along with the music.Second, practice speaking by_(talk)to your classmates in English.Don't be afraid of mistakes-you learn by (make)them! For reading,try simple stories.You can understand the main ideas by_(read)the first and last para- graphs.Writing skills improve by__(keep)a diary every day.Even short sentences help! How do you learn grammar?Some students study rules by_(do)exercises.Others watch videos and learn by_(see)examples.Remember,grammar_(master)by using it,not just memorizing. Finally,help the environment while learning!You can reduce waste by_(use)digital notes instead of paper.And you can practice English by_(teach)others-this way,you both improve! 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.C2.B3.A4.B5.C6.B7.B8.C9.C10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.repeating 2.studying 3.not hunting 4.taking 5.using 6.watching 7.following 8.exercising;eating 9.writing 10.turning 演练三：语法填空 1.singing 2.talking 3.making 4.reading 5.keeping 6.doing 7.seeing 8.is mastered 9.using 10.teaching 初三|英语丨人教版