how much how many引导的特殊疑问句-备战2025-2026学年七年级英语上学期期末语法全解（人教版）

ENGLISH-初一系列资料（人教版） Chapter1 how much、how many引导的特殊疑问句 考频分析 how much、how many引导的特殊疑问句是中考英语句法的重要模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，主 要分布在试卷的单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(1-2题)、阅读理解(2-3题)、书面表达（辅助考察，影响 信息询问的准确性)。在语境理解类题目中，how much对不可数名词数量或价格的提问、how many对可 数名词复数数量的提问往往是解题关键。 考查内容 中考对how much、how many引导的特殊疑问句的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·修饰对象辨析：how much修饰不可数名词的数量及价格询问；how many修饰可数名词复数的数量询 问： ·句式结构特点："how much+不可数名词+一般疑问句”how many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句”的语 序规则： ·语境应用场景：购物场景中的价格询问、物品数量统计、不可数名词（如时间、金钱）的量化表达。 精讲精练 知识点一：how much与how many引导的特殊疑问句 ·how much(用于询问不可数名词的数量或价格) -询问数量（后接不可数名词）：water(水)、money(钱)→例句：How much water is there in the bottle? -询问价格（后接名词或直接使用）：apple(苹果)、coat(外套)→例句：How much is this coat?/ How much are these apples? ·how many(用于询问可数名词的数量) -后接可数名词复数形式：book(书)student(学生)→例句：How many books do you have?/How many students are there in your class? 【即学即练】 1.【疑问词选择】 一water do you need？应选择哪个疑问词？ A.How much B.How many C.How long D.How often 2.【句式结构】请补全句子：books do you have?(用how many/how much填空) 3.【价格询问】询问”这件T恤多少钱？”的正确表达是？ A.How many is this T-shirt? B.How much is this T-shirt? C.How much are this T-shirt? D.How many are this T-shirt? 4.【数量询问】”瓶子里有多少牛奶？”的正确表达是？ A.How many milk is there in the bottle? B.How much milk is there in the bottle? C.How much milks is there in the bottle? D.How many milks are there in the bottle? 5.【名词搭配】how many后必须接 名词，how much后接 名词。 初一|英语引人教版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（人教版） 知识点二：特殊疑问句的常见回答结构与名词搭配 ·how much询问不可数名词数量的回答结构 1.数量回答：There is+数量+不可数名词 -量词搭配：a bottle of(一瓶)、a cup of(一杯)、a piece of(一片/块) 一例句： How much water is there?-There is a bottle of water. How much bread do you need?I need two pieces of bread. 2.价格回答：It is/They are+价格 -货币单位：yuan(元)、dollars(美元)、pounds(英镑) 一例句： How much is the book?It is 20 yuan. *How much are the apples？→They are5 dollars. ·how many询问可数名词数量的回答结构 1.直接回答数量：数量+可数名词复数 -数量限定：afew(几个)、many(许多)、a couple of(两三个) 一例句 How many students are there?-There are twenty students. How many books did you buy?-I bought a few books. 2.否定回答：There are no+可数名词复数/None 一例句： How many chairs are in the room?-There are no chairs.None. ·易错名词分类提示 1.常考不可数名词（搭配how much): -液体类：mil(牛奶)、juice(果汁)、coffee(咖啡) -材料类：paper(纸)、glass(玻璃)、wood(木头) -抽象概念：homework(作业)、time(时间)、information(信息) 2.常考可数名词复数不规则变化（搭配how many): -单复同形：sheep(绵羊)、deer(鹿)、fish(鱼) -特殊变化：child-→children(孩子)、foot→feet(脚)、tooth-→teeth(牙齿) -复合名词：woman teacher-women teachers(女教师) ·疑问句与答句的动词一致性 1.how much答句动词用单数（不可数名词）： -例句：How much milk is left？→There is some milk. 2.how many答句动词用复数（可数名词复数）： -例句：How many eggs are there？→There are six eggs. ·混合题型注意事项 1.how much询问价格时，名词可数不可数皆可： -可数：How much are the shoes?(鞋子) -不可数：How much is the meat?(肉) 2.how many必须接可数名词复数： -错误：How many water?→正确：How much water? -错误：How many money?→正确：How much money? 知识点三：疑问词与名词搭配的易错点及情景应用 ·how much与不可数名词的固定量词搭配 一中考高频量词结构（必背）： *☐a bottle of(一瓶)→例句：How much juice?→A bottle of juice, *口a glass of(一杯)→例句：How much milk'?→Two glasses of milk, *a piece of(一片/块)→例句：How much bread?→Three pieces of bread. *口a cup of(一杯)→例句：How much coffee?→A cup of coffee. *☐a bag of(-袋)→例句：How much rice?→A bag of rice. -特殊计量表达（易错）： *口液体体积：liters(升)→例句：How much water do you drink?About two liters. *口重量单位：kilos(公斤)→例句：How much meat'?→Half a kilo. ·how many与可数名词的复数一致性规则 一复数形式强制要求（中考核心）： *口常规复数+s:books,apples,.pencils→例句：How many pencils?→Five pencils. *口以辅音字母+y结尾变ies:city→cities,family-→families→例句：How many cities?→Ten cities. *口以o/s/x/ch/sh结尾+es:tomatoes,boxes,brushes→例句：How many boxest？→Six boxes. -特殊数量词搭配（常考）： *a few(几个)→例句：How many eggs？→A few eggs. *口several(数个)→例句：How many students？→Several students. *口a couple of(两三个)→例句：How many books?→A couple of books.. ·混合题型中的语境区分技巧 -价格与数量问答辨析（易错点)： *口how much问价格（可数不可数通用）： 可数名词复数：How much are these shoes?→They are200yuan. ·不可数名词：How much is the beef?→ltis30yuan. *口how many与how much的否定回答对比： ·How many:None/No+复数名词→How many cats?→None./No cats. ·How much:None/No+不可数名词→How much sugar?→None.No sugar.. ·中考真题常见陷阱题 一名词分类误用纠正（强化记忆）： *口常误判为可数的不可数名词： ·homework(作业)：How much homework?→Not"now many homework" ·furniture(家具)：How much furniture?→Not"how many furnitures" ·advice(建议)：How much advice？→Not"how many advices” *口单复同形名词（用how many): ·fish(鱼)：How many fish?→Three fish. ·sheep(绵羊)：How many sheep?→Many sheep. ·deer(鹿)：How many deer?→Several deer. ·实际情景应用拓展 -购物场景对话（中考听力常考）： *☐问价格：How much is/are.？→例句：How much is this T-shit?→Its50 dollars. *口问数量：How many do you need?→例句：How many apples?→I need four apples. *口问不可数物品量：How much do you want?→例句：How much cheese?→A little. 初一|英语」人教版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（人教版） 考法一：how much与how many的基础用法辨析 ·核心：根据名词的可数性（可数名词复数不可数名词），选择正确的疑问词how many或how much ·真题1（单项选择）： --books do you have in your schoolbag? A.How much B.How many C.How long D.How often -答案：B解析：books为可数名词复数，询问数量需用how many,how much用于不可数名词，how Iong询问时长，how often询问频率，故选B。 ·真题2（语法填空）： ---is the red sweater? --It's 80 yuan. -答案：How much解析：答句回答价格，询问价格需用how much,句首首字母大写，故填How much。 考法二：疑问词与名词搭配及回答结构综合应用 ·核心：根据名词可数性选择how much/how many,结合正确的回答结构及量词搭配完成问答 ·真题1（单项选择）： --books do you have？ --I have five books A.How much B.How many C.How long D.How often -答案：B解析：books为可数名词复数，询问数量用how many,A选项how much用于不可数名词， C、D选项与数量无关。 ·真题2（句型转换）： -How much bread is there on the table?(改为复数含义的同义句) -How many__of breadthere on the table? -答案：pieces are解析：不可数名词bread需用量词piece表示数量，复数形式为pieces;主语变为 复数后be动词用are。 考法三：how much与how many的混合应用及名词辨析 ·核心：根据名词可数性选择正确疑问词(how much+不可数名词/how many+可数名词复数)，掌握 量词搭配和答句结构 ·真题1（单项选择）： --is the rice in the bag? --About five kilos. A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How often -答案：B解析：rice(大米)为不可数名词，需搭配how much询问数量；答句”five kilos”表示重量， 符合how much对不可数名词数量的回答结构。 ·真题2（语法填空）： -How many_(sheep)are there on the farm?My uncle keeps twenty of them. -答案：sheep解析：sheep是单复同形名词，复数形式仍为sheep;how many后必须接可数名词复 数，此处用原形即可。答句"twenty”直接回答数量，符合how many的答句结构。 初一|英语|人教版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（人教版） 解题小妙招 how much与how many解题妙招 名词可数是关键，复数搭配how many; 不可数名词无需变，how much紧随其后站； 询问价格也用how much,牢记这点不犯糊； 量词搭配不可少，piece bag等常遇到； 单复同形要注意，sheep deer等无变化； 答句数量要明确，数字直接来回应。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.milk do you need for the cake? A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How often 2.-are these bananas? 3.-They are 10 yuan. A.How many B.How much C.How heavy D.How big 4.-students are there in your class? A.How much B.How many C.How long D.How old 5.-water is left in the bottle? 6.-Only a little A.How many B.How much C.How often D.How far 7.books did you borrow from the library? A.How much B.How many C.How long D.How soon 8.-is the new computer? 9.-It's 4,000 yuan A.How many B.How much C.How tall D.How fast 10.-homework do you have today? A.How many B.How much C.How often D.How well 11.-fish are swimming in the pond? 12.-About twenty. A.How much B.How many C.How long D.How deep 13.chairs should we put in the meeting room? A.How many B.How much C.How far D.How high 14.-is the beef? 15.-It's 50 yuan a kilo. A.How many B.How much C.How big D.How old 演练二：填空（共10题） 1.-is the blue pen? 2.-It's 5 yuan. 3.-apples do you want to buy? 4.-I want three apples. 5.-juice is there in the glass? 6.-There is a cup of juice 7.-students are absent today? 8.-None. 9.-bread does your mother need? 10.-She needs two pieces of bread. 11.-_are the shoes on sale? 12.-They are 150 yuan. 13.-books did Tom read last month? 14.-He read five books. 15.-time do you spend on English every day? 16.-About two hours. 17.-sheep are there on the farm? 18.-There are many sheep. 19.-is the white T-shirt? 20.-It's 80 yuan. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） My mother is going shopping today.She needs to buy some things for dinner.Let me help her make a list First,she asks,41.-rice do we have at home?"I check the bag and answer,"There's only a little. We need to buy a bag of rice.Then she asks,"2._eggs are left in the fridge?"I open the fridge and say,“3._are no eggs.Ve need to buy a box.” Next,she wants to make fruit salad.44.-apples do you want?"she asks.I say,"I want three apples." She also needs milk for breakfast.45.milk should we buy?"she asks.I answer,"Two bottles of milk, please.” On the way to the store,she sees some bananas.46.-are these bananas?*she asks the seller.