表地点的介词短语-备战2025-2026学年七年级英语上学期期末语法全解（人教版）

ENGLISH-初一系列资料（人教版） Chapter1表地点的介词短语 考频分析 表地点的介词短语是中考英语语法的重要模块，考频占语法总量的0%左右，涉及试卷多个核心题型：单 项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（辅助定位信息，影响细节题正确 率)。在语境理解类题目中，表地点的介词短语的搭配及语义辨析往往是解题关键。 考查内容 中考对表地点的介词短语的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·常用介词辨析：in、on、at、under、.behind、beside、between、among等表地点介词的基本含义与适 用场景； ·固定搭配与短语：at home、in the park、on the street、under the tree等常见介词短语的记忆与语境运 用； ·语境中的灵活选择：根据具体地点场景（如大地点小地点、表面接触内部包含等）正确选用介词及短 语。 精讲精练 知识点一：表地点的介词短语 ·定义及构成（表位置或场所，由介词+地点名词构成） -常见介词：in(在…里)、人on(在…上)、at(在…处)、under(在…下方)、behind(在… 后面)、next to(在…旁边) -结构示例：in the classroom(在教室里)、on the desk(在桌子上)、at the park(在公园) ·用法及例句（在句中作状语，说明动作发生或事物存在的地点） -大地点用in:She lives in Beijing.(她住在北京。)】 -小地点用at:They are waiting at the bus stop.(他们在公交站等车。) -平面接触用on:The book is on the shelf..(书在书架上。) -方位关系用under/behind/next to:My cat is under the chair.(我的猫在椅子下面。)/There is a tree behind the house.(房子后面有一棵树。)/The bank is next to the supermarket.(银行在超市旁边。) 【即学即练】 1.【介词选择】She lives_Shanghai.应选择哪个介词？ A.in B.on C.at D.under 2.【介词用法】小地点前应使用的介词是 3.【结构构成】表地点的介词短语由什么构成？ A.动词+地点名词 B.介词+地点名词 C.形容词+地点名词 D.副词+地点名词 4.【语境应用】The cat is_the chair.(猫在椅子下面)应填哪个介词？ A.on B.under C.behind D.next to 5.【用法辨析】表示”表面接触”的地点介词是 ,表示”内部包含”的是 初一上|英语引人教版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（人教版） 知识点二：表地点的介词短语的延伸辨析与应用 ·介词in/on/at的深度辨析（基于相对范围与抽象地点） 1.范围差异 -i:强调”内部空间”或”较大行政区域”（国家、省份、城市等） -例句：There are many museums in Paris..(巴黎市内有许多博物馆)/The pencils are in the box. (铅笔在盒子内部) -o:强调”表面接触”或”公共交通工具”（车辆、船只等） -例句：The poster is on the wa.(海报贴在墙上)/She is on the train to Shanghai.(她在开往上 海的火车上) 一at:强调”精确点位”或”特定场所”（门牌地址、活动地点等） -例句：Meet me at the school gate.(在学校门□见我)/He works at No..238 Renmin Road.(他在 人民路238号工作) 2.抽象地点用法 -in:用于语言、环境、状态等抽象慨念 -例句：Don't speak in class..(上课时不要说话)/The children are in danger.(孩子们处于危险中) 一at:用于速度、价格、年龄等量化概念 -例句：The car runs at100 km per hour.(汽车以每小时100公里速度行驶)/I bought this book at 50%discount..(我五折买了这本书) ·方位介词的空间关系表达（三维空间定位） 1.垂直方向关系 -over(正上方无接触)：The lamp hangs over the table.(灯悬挂在桌子上方) -above(斜上方)：The plane is flying above the clouds..(飞机在云层上方飞行) -under(正下方)：The dog is hiding under the bed.(狗躲在床底下) -below(斜下方)：The submarine is below the sea surface.(潜艇在海面下方) 2.水平方向关系 -between(两者之间)：The hospital is between the bank and the hotel..(医院在银行和酒店之间) -among(三者及以上之间)：She is sitting among her friends.(她坐在朋友中间) -opposite(正对面)：The bookstore is opposite the post office.(书店在袖邮局正对面) ·动态移动方向表达（与动词连用） 1.进入类动词+into 2.例句：The students walked into the classroom quietly.(学生们安静地走进教室) 3.离开类动词+out of 4.例句：The cat jumped out of the window.(猫从窗户跳了出去) 5.穿过类动词+through/across 6.例句：e walked through the forest.(我们穿过了森林)The boy swam across the river..(男孩游 过了河) 7.沿着类动词+along 8.例句：They are walking along the river bank.(他们正沿着河岸行走) ·易混淆介词对比练习 1.in the tree vs on the tree -外物在树上用in:There is a bird in the tree.(树上有只鸟) -树木自身果实用on:There are many apples on the tree.(树上结了许多苹果) 2.in the corner vs at the corner -室内角落用in:The chair is in the corner of the room.(椅子在房间角落) -街道拐角用at:The shop is at the corner of the street.(商店在街道拐角处) 3.in front of vs in the front of -外部前方用in front of:The car is in front of the building.(车在建筑物前方) -内部前部用in the front of:The teacher stands in the front of the classroom.(老师站在教室前部) 知识点三：表地点的介词短语的固定搭配与中考应用 ·常用固定搭配（中考高频） 1.in the middle of(在中间)→例句：There is a fountain in the middle of the square.(广场中央 有一个喷泉) 2.at the end of(在…尽头)→例句：The library is at the end of this street..(图书馆在这条街的尽头) 3.on the left/right(在左/右侧)→例句：The restroom is on the left of the bank.(卫生间在银行的左侧) 4.in front of(在…前面)→例句：The bus stops in front of the hospital.(公交车停在医院前面) 5.next to(紧挨着)→例句：My house is next to a supermarket..(我家紧挨着超市) 6.far from(离…远)→例句：The school is far from my home.(学校离我家很远) 7.close to(靠近)→例句：The park is close to the river..(公园靠近河边) 8.between.and.(在…和…之间)→例句：The cafe is between the bookstore and the post office. (咖啡馆在书店和邮同之间) ·交通工具搭配（中考必考） 1.by+交通工具（乘坐…）→例句：He goes to school by bus every day..(他每天乘公交上学) 2.onin+具体交通工具→例句：She is sitting on the bike.(她坐在自行车上)/They are in the car.. (他们在车里) 3.get on/off(上下车)→例句：Please get off the train at the next station.(请在下一站下车) 4.get into./out of(上下小汽车)→例句：He got out of the taxi quickly.(他快速下了出租车) ·建筑场所搭配（中考常考） 1.at home(在家)→例句：I stayed at home last night.(昨晚我待在家里) 2.at school(在学校)→例句：Students are not allowed to use phones at school..(学生在学校不允许 使用手机) 3.in the library(在图书馆)→例句：Ne must keep quiet in the library.(在图书馆必须保持安静) 4.at the station(在车站)→例句：They met at the railway station.(他们在火车站见面) 5.in the park(在公园)→例句：Children are playing in the park.(孩子们在公园里玩耍) ·易错点对比训练（中考重点） 1.in bed(卧床)vs on the bed(在床上) 2.→例句：He is ill in bed..(他卧病在床)/The cat is sleeping on the bed.(猫在床上睡觉) 3.at table(用餐)vs at the table(在桌旁) 4.→例句：The family are at table now.(这家人正在用餐)/She is sitting at the table reading.(她坐 在桌旁看书) 5.in hospital(住院)vs in the hospital(在医院里) 6.→例句：His grandfather is in hospital..(他爷爷住院了)/Her mother works in the hospital.(她妈妈 在医院工作) 7.go to school(上学)vs go to the school(去学校) 8.→例句：Students go to school at7:00.(学生7点上学)/Parents go to the school for a meeting. (家长去学校开会) ·中考真题句式（实战应用） 1.There be句型+地点介词短语 2.→例句：There is a map on the wall of the classroom.(教室墙上有张地图) 3.特殊疑问句：here+be/助动词+主语 4.→例句：here did you put the keys?(你把钥匙放哪儿了？)-I put them on the desk.(我放桌上了) 5.方位介词+which引导定语从句 6.→例句：This is the room in which we held the meeting.(这就是我们开会的房间) 初一上|英语|人教版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（人教版） 考法一：in/on/at表地点辨析 ·核心：根据地点范围大小、空间关系及抽象概念，选择正确的介词in/on/at ·真题1（语法填空）： My grandparents live_a small village in Hunan. -答案：in解析：village(村庄)属于较大行政区域，强调在内部空间，用介词in。 ·真题2（完形填空）： We will meet_the entrance of the museum at 9:00 a.m. A.in B.on C.at D.to -答案：C解析：the entrance(入口)是精确点位，强调特定场所的具体位置，用介词at。 考法二：方位介词辨析与固定搭配运用 ·核心：结合具体语境，辨析方位介词的空间关系及固定搭配的正确使用 ·真题1（语法填空）： The bank is _the supermarket and the post office -答案：between解析：由空后"the superm arket and the post office”可知，此处表示在两者之间，应用 固定搭配"between...and.”。 ·真题2（完形填空）： There is a big tree_the house. A.in front of B.in the front of C.at front of D.at the front of -答案：A解析：”in front of"表示在物体外部的前方，"in the front of”表示在物体内部的前部，树在房 子外部的前方，应用"in front of'。 考法三：地点介词短语的语境辨析与综合应用 ·核心：根据空间关系、抽象概念及固定搭配，综合判断地点介词的正确用法 ·真题1（单项选择）： --Where is Lily? --She is reading_the corner of the library.She likes quiet places. A.at B.on C.in D.to -答案：C解析：室内角落用介词”in”,强调在图书馆内部角落；”at the corner'”多用于街道拐角，故排 除A。 ·真题2（语法填空）： The new high-speed train can run_a speed of 350 kilometers per hour,which greatly shortens the travel time between cities. -答案：at解析：表示”以.速度”需用固定搭配”at a speed of”,属于抽象地点用法中量化慨念的典型 表达。 解题小妙招 地点介词妙招 地点大小看范围，大区域内用in,精确点位选at; 空间方位记搭配，两者之间用between,外部前方in front of; 抽象概念靠固定，at表量化如速度，in指室内角落处； 综合运用看语境，先辨空间再搭配，固定短语要牢记。 初一上|英语引人教版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（人教版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.My aunt works_a hospital in Shanghai A.in B.on C.at D.to 2.There is a beautiful park-the end of this street A.in B.on C.at D.with 3.We usually have dinnerthe table at 7 pm A.in B.on C.at D.by 4.The students are planting trees-the park A.in B.on C.at D.under 5.My father often goes to work_bike A.by B.on C.in D.with 6.There is a bridge_the river A.over B.under C.above D.below 7.The cat is hiding_the sofa A.in B.on C.under D.behind 8.We will meet_the school gate at 8 tomorrow morning A.in B.on C.at D.to 9.She is good at singing and often sings-class A.in B.on C.at D.during 10.The bookstore is _the bank and the post office A.between B.among C.opposite D.next to 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.My mother usually gets up early and cooks breakfast_home 2.There are three books_the desk 3.The children are playing happily-the park 4.We should keep quietthe library 5.My uncle lives_a big house-Beijing 6.The train is running_a speed of 120 kilometers per hour 7.There is a big tree_front of my house 8.She often goes to school foot 9.The little girl is sitting_her parents 10.Our school is _No.123 Garden Road 演练三：语法填空（共10空） My name is Tom and I live 1-a small town.Every morning,I get up early and go to school 2bike.My school is not far from my home,so it only takes me 15 minutes.There is a big playground 3_our school. After class,I often play football 4my classmates there.There is a library 5_the second floor of our teaching building.I like reading books 6the library because it is very quiet.My classroom is 7the first floor.There are 40 students 8our class.Our English teacher often tells us stories 9_class.I usually go home 105 pm and do my homework after dinner. 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.A2.C3.C4.A5.A6.A7.C8.C9.A10.A 演练二：填空试题 1.at 2.on 3.in 4.in 5.in;in 6.at 7.in 8.on 9.between 10.at 演练三：语法填空 1.in 2.by 3.in 4.with 5.on 6.in 7.on 8.in 9.in 10.at 初一上|英语|人教版