内容正文:
ENGL凵ISH-初一系列资料(沪教牛津版)
Chapter1代词:人称代词和物主代词
考频分析
代词是中考英语词法的基础模块,考频占词法总量的15%左右,分布在试卷多个核心题型:单项选择(1-2
题)、完形填空(23题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解(辅助理解,影响上下文逻辑判断)。在语境运用
类题目中,人称代词的格、物主代词的指代及词义辨析往往是解题关键。
老查内容
中考对代词的考察聚焦两大维度,覆盖基础用法与语境应用:
·人称代词:主格、宾格的语法功能(作主语、宾语等)与语境辨析;
·物主代词:形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词的句法功能(作定语、主语、宾语等)与用法区别。
精讲精练
知识点一:代词:人称代词和物主代词
·人称代词(指代人或事物,作主语或宾语)》
-主格(作主语):I(我)、you(你/你们)、he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、we(我们)、they(他们/她
们它们)
-例句:口She is a student.(主格作主语)口They like playing football..(主格作主语)
-宾格(作宾语):me(我)、you(你/你们)、him(他)、her(她)、it(它)、us(我们)、them(他
们她们它们)
-例句:口ly mother loves me.(宾格作宾语)He often helps her..(宾格作宾语)
·物主代词(表示所属关系)
-形容词性物主代词(后接名词):my(我的)、your(你的/你们的)、his(他的)、her(她的)、its(它
的)、our(我们的)、their(他们的她们的它们的)
-例句:口This is my book..(形容词性物主代词修饰名词)口Her bag is red.(形容词性物主代词修饰
名词)
一名词性物主代词(独立使用,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”):mine(我的)、yours(你的/你们
的)、his(他的)、hers(她的)、its(它的)、ours(我们的)、theirs(他们的她们的它们的)
-例句:口The blue pen is mine..(名词性物主代词独立使用)口These books are theirs.(名词性物主
代词独立使用)
【即学即练】
1.【人称代词格辨析】下列句子中,括号内正确的代词形式是?
A._(He/Him)is my brother.
B.(I/Me)like playing basketball with_(he/him).
C._(She/Her)teaches_(we/us)English
2.【物主代词类型辨析】判断下列句子中物主代词的类型(形容词性名词性):
(1)This is_(my/mine)pen.
(2)The red bag is_(her/hers).
3.【it的特殊用法】it在句子“tis7o'clock now.”中指代什么?
A.人
B.时间
C.天气
D.距离
4.【物主代词用法】请用正确的物主代词填空:
.-Is this your book?-No,-(my/mine)is on the desk.
.(Their/Theirs)classroom is bigger than_(our/ours)
5.【易混点辨析】改正下列错误句子:
(1)Me am a student.→
(2)This is mine pencil.
初一丨英语|沪教牛津版
ENGLISH-初一系列资料(沪教牛津版)
知识点二:人称代词和物主代词
·人称代词(指代人或事物,作主语或宾语)
1.主格(作主语,位于句首)
-第一人称:I(我)、we(我们)
-第二人称:you(你/你们)
-第三人称:he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、they(他们她们它们)
-例句:
*I am a student.(I作主语,第一人称单数)
*They play football every day..(They作主语,第三人称复数)
2.宾格(作宾语,位于动词或介词后)
-第-人称:me(我)、us(我们)
-第二人称:you(你/你们)
-第三人称:him(他)人、her(她)、it(它)、them(他们她们/它们)
一例句:
*My mother often helps me with my homework.(me位于动词helps后作宾语)
*The teacher is talking to her.(her位于介词to后作宾语)
·物主代词(表示所属关系)
1.形容词性物主代词(后接名词,作定语)
-第一人称:my(我的)、our(我们的)
-第二人称:your(你的/你们的)
-第三人称:his(他的)、her(她的)、its(它的)、their(他们的/她们的/它们的)
一例句:
*This is my book.(my修饰名词book,表所属)
*Their classroom is on the second floor.(their修饰名词classroom)
2.名词性物主代词(相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,独立使用)
-第一人称:mine(我的)、ours(我们的)
-第二人称:yours(你的/你们的)
-第三人称:his(他的)、hers(她的)、its(它的)、theirs(他们的/她们的它们的)
一例句:
*The red pen is mine.(mine=my pen,独立作表语)
*-Are these books yours?-No,they are theirs.(yours your books,theirs=their books)
·易混点辨析
1.人称代词主格vs宾格:主语用主格,宾语用宾格。如:She(主格)teaches him(宾格)English.
2.形容词性物主代词vs名词性物主代词:前者后接名词,后者不接。如:Her(形容词性)bag is red.
Mine(名词性)is blue.
3.it的特殊用法:可指代天气、时间、距离等。如:It is sunny today..(it指代天气)
知识点三:代词:人称代词和物主代词
·人称代词
-主格(作主语):
*Ol(我)→例句:I am a student..
*口you(你/你们)→例句:You are my best friend.
*☐he(他)→例句:He plays football every day.
*口she(她)→例句:She likes reading books.
*口it(它)→例句:It is a cute cat.
*口we(我们)→例句:Ve go to school together..
*口they(他们l她们I它们)→例句:They are from China.
-宾格(作宾语):
*口me(我)→例句:ly mother often helps me.
*口you(你/你们)→例句:The teacher asks you a question.
*口him(他)→例句:I give him a pen.
*☐her(她)→例句:He buys a gift for her.
*Oit(它)→例句:Ne take it to the park
*口us(我们)→例句:She teaches us English.
*口them(他们/她们/它们)→例句:I see them in the library.
·物主代词
-形容词性物主代词(后接名词):
*口my(我的)→例句:This is my book.
*口your(你的/你们的)→例句:Is this your bag?
*口his(他的)→例句:His father is a doctor..
*口her(她的)→例句:Her hair is long
*☐its(它的)→例句:The dog wags its tail.
*口our(我们的)→例句:Our classroom is big,
*口their(他们的/她们的/它们的)→例句:Their house is red.
一名词性物主代词(独立使用,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”):
*口mine(我的)→例句:This book is mine.(=my book)
*口yours(你的/你们的)例句:The bag is yours.(=your bag)
*口his(他的)例句:The pen is his.(=his pen)
*口hers(她的)→例句:The hair clip is hers.(=her hair clip)
*口its(它的)→例句:The cat has a ball.The ball is its..(=its ball)
*口ours(我们的)→例句:The big classroom is ours.(=our classroom)
*口theirs(他们的/她们的/它们的)→例句:The red house is theirs.(=their house)
·中考易错点辨析
1.人称代词主格Vs宾格:
-错误:Me am happy.→正确:I am happy.(主格作主语)
-错误:He helps I.→正确:He helps me.(宾格作宾语)
2.形容词性物主代词Vs名词性物主代词:
-错误:This is mine book.→正确:This is my book.(形容词性物主代词后接名词)
-错误:The book is my.→正确:The book is mine.(名词性物主代词独立使用)
3.t的特殊用法(指代天气时间/距离):
-指代天气:It is sunny today..
-指代时间:tis3o'clock now.
-指代距离:It is two kilometers from here to school.
初一丨英语|沪教牛津版
ENGLISH初一系列资料(沪教牛津版)
考法一:人称代词主格与宾格辨析
·核心:根据代词在句中作主语还是宾语,选择正确的主格或宾格形式
·真题1(语法填空):
-(I/me)am a student.-(He/him)often helps_(I/me)with my homework.
一答案:I;He;me解析:第一空位于句首作主语,用主格l;第二空位于句首作主语,用主格He;第
三空位于动词helps后作宾语,用宾格me。
·真题2(单项选择):
My mother bought a new bag for_.
A.I
B.my
C.me
D.mine
-答案:C解析:空格位于介词for后作宾语,应用宾格形式,I的宾格是me,故选C。
考法二:人称代词与物主代词综合运用
·核心:根据句子成分(主语、宾语、定语)及上下文语境,正确选择人称代词(主格宾格)或物主代词
(形容词性/名词性)》
·真题1(语法填空):
--Is this_(you)pen?
--No,it isn't.(I)is blue.
-答案:your mine解析:第一空后接名词pen,需用形容词性物主代词your;第二空独立作主语,需
用名词性物主代词mine(=my pen)。
·真题2(单项选择):
My mother often tells-stories,and-likes listening to them very much.
A.Ime
B.me l
C.my mine
D.mine my
-答案:B解析:第一空位于动词tells后作宾语,用宾格me;第二空作主语,用主格l。
考法三:人称代词与物主代词的综合运用辨析
·核心:结合句子成分(主语、宾语)和所属关系,区分主格宾格人称代词及形容词性/名词性物主代词的
用法
·真题1(单项选择):
-一Is this_pencil?
--No,it isn't._is in the pencil case.
A.her;Her
B.hers;Her
C.her;Hers
D.hers;Hers
-答案:C解析:第一空后有名词“pencil”,需用形容词性物主代词“her”;第二空后无名词,需用名
词性物主代词“Hers”(=her pencil)独立作主语。
·真题2(语法填空):
My friends and_(I)are going to the park.Mom bought some snacks for_(we).The red backpack
is(our).
-答案:I us ours解析:第一空作主语,用人称代词主格“I”;第二空位于介词“fo”后作宾语,用人
称代词宾格“us”;第三空后无名词,用名词性物主代词“ours”(=our backpack)。
初一丨英语|沪教牛津版
ENGLISH-初一系列资料(沪教牛津版)
解题小妙招
代词辨析妙招
·代词用法看成分,主格作主宾格宾;
·形容物主后跟名,名词物主可独立;
·主格lyou/he/she/it/we/they,作主语时放句首;
·宾格me/you/him/her/it/us/them,动介之后常现身;
·形容物主有my/your/his/her/its/our/their,名词前面来限定;
·名词物主mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs,.独立使用表所有。
真题演练
演练一:单项选择(共10题)》
1.My father often tells_stories before bedtime.
A.I
B.me
C.my
D.mine
2.-Is this book?-No,it isn't.is on the desk.
A.her;Her
B.hers;Her
C.her;Hers
D.hers:Hers
3.Tom and Lily are classmates.-often help each other.
A.He
B.She
C.They
D.Them
4.The teacher asks _to finish the homework on time.
A.we
B.us
C.our
D.ours
5.This is not my pencil.-is green.
A.I
B.Me
C.My
D.Mine
6.My mother bought a new dress for_.
A.I
B.me
C.my
D.mine
7.-Are thesebags?-No,they are_.
A.your;theirs
B.yours;their
C.your;their
D.yours;theirs
8.is a sunny day.Let's go for a walk.
A.He
B.She
C.It
D.They
9.My brother teaches_English,and-learns very fast.
A.I;me
B.me;I
C.my;mine
D.mine;my
10.The red bike is_.bike is blue.
A.hers;My
B.her;Mine
C.hers;Mine
D.her;My
演练二:填空试题(共10题)
1.-(I)am a student.-(I)favorite subject is English.
2.My mother loves_(I)very much.I love_(she)too
3.This is not_(they)classroom._(they)is on the second floor.
4.Tom often helps_(we)with math.We all like(he).
5.-Is this _(you)pen?-No,it isn't.(I)is black.
6.The cat is cute.-(it)tail is long.I like(it)very much.
7.My friends and_(I)are going to the park.Mom bought snacks for(we).
8.This is_(he)book._(she)book is on the desk.
9.(we)teacher is kind._(she)often tells_(we)stories.
10.The blue umbrella is_(they).-(we)is red.
演练三:语法填空(共10空)
Hello,everyone!(I)name is Lucy.I have a good friend.-(she)name is Lily.-(we)are in the same
class.Lily's father is a teacher.-(he)teaches English.He often helps_(we)with our homework.
Today is Lily's birthday.I buy a gift for(she).It is a pink bag.Lily likes_(it)very much.She says,
"This is _(I)favorite gift!"Her mother makes a cake for_(we).The cake is delicious.(we)all have
a good time
答案
演练一:单项选择
1.B2.C3.C4.B5.D6.B7.A8.C9.B10.A
演练二:填空试题
1.I;My 2.me;her 3.their;Theirs 4.us;him 5.your;Mine
6.Its;it 7.I;us 8.his;Her 9.Our;She;us 10.theirs;Ours
演练三:语法填空
1.My 2.Her 3.We 4.He 5.us
6.her 7.it 8.my 9.us 10.We
初一|英语|沪教牛津版