一般过去时-备战2025-2026学年七年级英语上学期期末语法全解（沪教牛津版）

ENGLISH初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） Chapter1一般过去时 考频分析 般过去时是中考英语语法的重要考点，考频占时态考点总量的30%左右，主要分布在核心题型中：单 项选择2-3题、完形填空23题、语法填空1-2题、书面表达（用于描述过去发生的事件或经历，是叙事 类作文的基础时态)。在语境理解类题目中，一般过去时的时间状语识别、动词过去式的正确运用及与其 他时态的区分往往是解题关键。 考查内容 中考对一般过去时的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·基本结构：be动词(was/were)与实义动词过去式的构成规则（规则变化与不规则变化）； ·时间标志词：yesterday、last week、two days ago、in2020等短语的识别与搭配； ·语境应用：描述过去某一特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态，与一般现在时、现在完成时的语境区分。 精讲精练 知识点一：一般过去时的构成及用法 ·基本结构（含动词类型） -实义动词：主语+动词过去式（及物动词后接宾语，不及物动词可直接使用或加介词后接宾语）→例 句：口She visited(及物动词)her grandparents yesterday.口He ran(不及物动词)fast./She listened (不及物动词+介词)to music last evening. -系动词：主语+was/were+表语（形容词/名词等）→例句：口The cake was(be动词过去式)sweet. 口He was(be动词过去式)a doctor in2020. 一情态动词：无（情态动词后接动词原形，本身无过去式变化用于一般过去时独立构成谓语，需借助助 动词did构成疑问句否定句，见下) ·否定句与疑问句（需助动词did) -否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形→例句：She didn't visit her grandparents yesterday../He wasn't a doctor before. -疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形？→例句：Did she visit her grandparents yesterday?/Nas he a doctor before? ·时间标志词 -常见时间状语：yesterday(昨天)、last week(上周)、two days ago(两天前)、in2020(在2020 年)→例句：They played basketball last week. 【即学即练】 1.【基本结构】下列句子中，一般过去时结构正确的是？ A.He play football yesterday. B.He played football yesterday. C.He plays football yesterday. D.He will play football yesterday. 2.【否定句结构】请将句子“She visited her uncle yesterday..”改为否定句：She_visit her uncle yesterday.. 3.【疑问句结构】请将句子“They went to the park last Sunday.”改为一般疑问句：_they_to the park last Sunday? 4.【时间标志词】下列哪个时间状语不能用于一般过去时？ A.yesterday B.last month C.in three days D.two days ago 5.【系动词过去式】主语为复数时，be动词的过去式应使用一(was/were)。 初一丨英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） 知识点二：一般过去时的核心用法与易错点 ·基本用法（动作状态已结束） 1.表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作 -例句：She bought a new pen this morning.(今天早上她买了一支新钢笔) 2.描述过去一段时间内持续的状态 -例句：They lived in Beijing from2010to2015.(2010到2015年他们住在北京) ·动词过去式变化规则 1.规则变化 -直接加-ed:work-worked(工作)、play-played(玩) -以e结尾加-d:likeliked(喜欢)、dance-→danced(跳舞) -辅音+y结尾变y为i加-ed:study→studied(学习)、carry-→carried(携带) -重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ed:stop→stopped(停止)、plan-→planned(计划) 2.不规则变化（高频必记） -go→went(去)、see→saw(看见)、eat→ate(吃)、take-took(拿)、do→did(做) ·易混淆时间标志词辨析 1.ago与before:three days ago(三天前，用于一般过去时)；before单独使用时多与完成时连用 2.in+过去年份：in2018(在2018年，用于一般过去时)；in+时间段表将来（如in three days三天后） 3.last系列：last night(昨晚)、last term(上学期)均用于一般过去时 ·否定句与疑问句结构 1.否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形 -例句：He didn't finish his homework yesterday.(他昨天没完成作业) 2.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+.？ -例句：Did you visit the museum last Sunday?(上周日你们参观博物馆了吗) 3.特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+.？ -例句：/here did she go on vacation?(她假期去哪里了) ·常见错误警示 1.误用三单形式：He play basketball yesterday.(x)→He played basketball yesterday.(√) 2.与现在完成时混淆：I saw this movie for three times.(×)→I have seen this movie three times. (V)(表示次数时用现在完成时) 3.be动词过去式错用：They was late for school.(x)→They were late for school.(√)（主语复数用 were) ·情景对话应用 --What did you do last weekend?(上周末你做了什么) -一I visited my grandparents and helped them clean the house.(我去看望了祖父母并帮他们打扫了 房子) 知识点三：一般过去时的时间状语 ·明确时间点（中考必背） 1.yesterday(昨天)→例句：She visited her uncle yesterday. 2.last week/month/year(上周月/年)→例句：They went to Beijing last month. 3.this morning(今天早上，已过去)→例句：I finished my homework this morning. 4.two days ago(两天前)→例句：He bought a new bike two days ago. 5.in2020(在2020年)→例句：We moved to this city in2020. 6.just now(刚才)→例句：The teacher called your name just now. ·模糊时间状语（中考常考） 1.ago(…以前)→例句：My father left for Shanghai three hours ago. 2.once(曾经)→例句：She once lived in a small village. 3.before(以前，用于句末)→例句：I have never seen him before. 4.the other day(几天前)→例句：We met our old friend the other day. ·复合时间状语（中考易错）】 1.on+具体过去日期→例句：They had a party on October1st,2023. 2.in+过去年份l月份→例句：He started learning piano in2019. 3.at+具体过去时间点→例句：I woke up at6:30 yesterday morning. 4.from.to..(过去时间段)→例句：Ne stayed in Paris from July5 th to July10th. 初一」英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） 考法一：动词过去式变化规测 ·核心：根据动词原形及变化规则，写出正确的过去式形式 ·真题1（词汇运用）： My mother_(study)English when she was young. -答案：studied解析：study是以“辅音+y”结尾的动词，过去式需变y为i加-ed,故填studied。 ·真题2（单项选择）： He_(stop)his car and helped the old man cross the road yesterday. A.stop B.stops C.stopped D.stopping -答案：C解析：stop是重读闭音节动词，结尾为辅音字母，过去式需双写尾字母加-d,结合时间标 志词“yesterday”,用一般过去时，故选C。 考法二：动词过去式变化与应用 ·核心：根据动词原形及变化规则，写出正确过去式并完成句子 ·真题1（词汇运用）： -She_(study)English hard last term and got an A in the exam. -答案：studied解析：由时间标志词“last term”可知用一般过去时，study以辅音+y结尾，变y为i 加-ed,故填studied。. ·真题2（单项选择）： They_to the park yesterday afternoon. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go -答案：C解析：由时间标志词“yesterday afternoon”可知用一般过去时，go的不规则过去式为went, 故选C。 考法三：一般过去时综合运用与纠错 ·核心：结合动词过去式变化、时间标志词及句型结构，判断并修正一般过去时的语法错误 ·真题1（单项选择）： -My family_to the beach and_a picnic there last Saturday. A.go have B.went had C.goes has D.will go have -答案：B解析：由时间标志词“last Saturday”可知用一般过去时，and连接两个并列谓语动词，均需 用过去式，go-went,have→had。 ·真题2（语法填空）： Tom_(visit)his grandparents with his parents three days ago.They_(eat)dinner together and (watch)TV after that. -答案：visited ate watched解析：时间标志词“three days ago”表明用一般过去时，visit的过去式为 visited,eat的过去式为ate,watch的过去式为watched(规则变化直接加-ed)。 初一|英语|沪教牛津版 ENGLISH-初一系列资料（沪教牛津版） 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.My brother_basketball with his friends last Sunday. A.play B.plays C.played D.will play 2.Sheto the Great Wall and took many photos there in 2022. A.go B.goes C.went D.going 3.They_late for school yesterday morning because of the heavy rain A.are B.is C.was D.were 4.-you visit your aunt last weekend?-Yes,I_. A.Do;do B.Did;did C.Does;does D.Will;will 5.My father_a new computer two days ago A.buy B.buys C.bought D.will buy 6.He_his homework and then watched TV last night. A.finish B.finishes C.finished D.finishing 7.We _in this city from 2018 to 2020. A.live B.lives C.lived D.will live 8.The teacher_our names just now. A.call B.calls C.called D.calling 9.-What_she_yesterday afternoon?-She read a storybook. A.do;do B.does;do C.did;do D.will;do 10.They_a party on October 1st,2023. A.have B.has C.had D.will have 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.My sister_(wash)her clothes yesterday evening. 2.He_(see)a big dog in the park two days ago. 3.We_(go)to the zoo last Sunday and_(see)many animals. 4.She_(study)very hard last term and got good grades. 5.The children_(play)games happily in the garden just now. 6.My parents_(visit)my grandparents last weekend. 7.I_(eat)an apple for breakfast this morning. 8.They_(live)in a small village when they were young. 9.The teacher_(teach)us English three years ago. 10.He_(stop)his car and helped the old woman cross the road yesterday. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） Last summer vacation,I-(go)to the countryside with my family.We(stay)at my grandparents'house for a week.On the first day,my grandfather_(take)me to the farm.I-(see)many cows,chickens and ducks there.My grandmother-(cook)delicious food for us every day.One afternoon,we_(walk)to a small river and_(catch)some fish.My brother_(be)very excited because he_(never catch)fish before.On the last day,we_(say)goodbye to my grandparents and came back home.I had a great time there! 答案 演练一：单项选择 1.C2.C3.D4.B5.C6.C7.C8.C9.C10.C 演练二：填空试题 1.washed 2.saw 3.went;saw 4.studied 5.played 6.visited 7.ate 8.lived 9.taught 10.stopped 演练三：语法填空 1.went 2.stayed 3.took 4.saw 5.cooked 6.walked 7.caught 8.was 9.never caught 10.said 初一|英语|沪教牛津版