Unit 5 Languages Around the World Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structure ---Describe your favorite things 先行词 关系词 定语从句 定语从句三要素 先行词，关系词，定语从句 There are many reasons why people learn a foreign languages. 马 马车 马车夫 .先行词、关系词、定语从句三者的关系： 马 先行词 马车夫 关系词 马车 定语从句 Review 关系词的三个作用: 引导定语从句。 代替先行词。 在定语从句中担当一个成分 关系代词 所指代的先行词 在从句中所做成分 who 人 主语，宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语，宾语 that 人/物 主语，宾语 whose (人/物)的 定语 注意：做宾语可以省略 1. I have many friends __________I’m going to send postcards to. 2. The girl________ sits next to me in class is good at singing. 3. This is the novel_________ my English teacher recommended to us last week. 4. We visited the historical building ____________has stood in the city center for 200 years. 5. The student _________the teacher praised just now won the English speech contest. 6. Do you know the boy _______father is a famous doctor in the local hospital? Fill in the blanks with that/which/who/whom/whose. who/whom who/that that/which whose The ancient civilisation is described with a(n) __________________. attributive clause Let’s have a review the textbook 5 Find out the sentences with similar structure in the text on page 62 Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Find out the sentences with similar structure in the text on page 62 Para 4-6 观察先行词有什么特点？ 从句中缺少什么成分？ 关系副词的用法 1. I’ll never forget the day when I joined the team . 2. The school where my son studies is near a park. 3. Do you know the reason why he is so upset? 状语 I met my friend. 表动作发生的状态/时间/地点/方式/原因/条件/目的的成分 副词，介词短语 I met my friend yesterday/on Tuesday. I met my friend at the office ... I clean the floor with my hand… I talked with Tom, because he didn’t hand in the homework on time. 副词/介词短语作时间状语 介词短语作地点状语 介词短语作方式状语 because引导原因状语从句 关系副词句中做状语 1.关系副词--When 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语，可用“介词+ which” 来替换。 I’ll never forget the day when (on which) I joined the team . I’ll never forget the day. I joined the team on that day. 分解 when时间状语 when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词time, hour, day, year, moment, occasion 时刻，age年代，period阶段, interval 间隙等词，并在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于介词prep+which I’ll never forget the date when(on which ) my baby boy was born. They stayed with me three weeks, when (during which) they finished the task. ★不能看到时间就用when看从句缺什么成分 I’ll never forget the day ______ I lived in the mountains. I’ll never forget the day _______________ I spent in the mountains. when that/which/省略 2.关系副词--Where 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可用“prep+ which” 来替换。 The school where (in which) my son studies is near a park. The school is near a park. My son studies in this school. 分解 where 地点状语 where还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后，如situation, stage, point, case, position, condition等,意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” I have come to the point where (at which) I can't stand him. 我已经到了无法容忍他的地步。 He's got into the situation where(in which) he is in debt. 他已经陷人负债累累的境地。 At last he got the position (that/which) he had been dreaming of. 他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。 ★不能看到地点就用where, 看从句缺什么成分 This is the house _______ he was born. This is the house _____________ was set up by his parents. where that/which 3.关系副词--Why 引导定语从句时, 先行词通常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，可用“for+ which” 来替换。 Do you know the reason why (for which) he is so upset? Do you know the reason. He is so upset. 分解 why作原因状语 ★不能看到reason, 就用why.看从句缺什么成分 This is the reason _____ he was late. This is the reason ____________he told us for his being late. why that/which Sun Yat-sen once lived in this house. 孙中山曾经住在这个房子。 这是个房子。 This is a house. 1. This is a house which Sun Yat-sen once lived in. 2. This is a house in which Sun Yat-sen once lived. 3. This is a house where Sun Yat-sen once lived. 宾语 介词+宾语 地点状语 Practice That is the place _____________ they met for the first time. where/in which China is the only country __________________ wild pandas can be found. where/from which 19 I'll never forget the day ______________ I first went to school. when /on which There was a time _________________ he danced to the Little Apple everyday. when/during which 20 I don’t know the reason ________________ ________________________ 我不知道粉丝为什么如此迷恋鹿晗。 why / for which the fans are so crazy about Lu Han. 21 They’ll never forget July 1. Hong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1. They’ll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its motherland. They’ll never forget July 1 on which Hong Kong returned to its motherland. 指原因 关系代词 指代事物 指时间 指地点 所属关系 指代人 关系副词 Restrictive relative clauses who, whom, that which, that whose, of which where when why Summary 23 P64-1Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive relative clauses. What kind of information does each clause communicate? 1. It was a time when people were divided geographically. The sentence tells us: It was a time. People were divided geographically at that time. Discovering =It was a time ________ people were divided geographically. at which 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. The sentence tells us: Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country. The Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction in the country. =Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country _________ the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. in which 3. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language. The sentence tells us: There are many reasons. People learn a foreign language for the reasons. =There are many reasons __________ people learn a foreign language. for which 4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. The sentence tells us: These were animal bones and shells. Symbols were carved on the bones and shells by ancient Chinese people. =These were animal bones and shells ________ symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. where 语篇训练P64-3 When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue and the grammar will not stay in my head. I told my mom that I wanted to give up and that I would never live in a country ___________ German was spoken. My mom told me that studying a language was not just for my future. It was exercise for the brain. The more I learned of a language, the more my brain would grow. And I remember that day _____________ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. I had finally come to a place ____________ I could think in this foreign language. And I could see the world from a different point of view. I felt as if I had reached a goal ___________ I had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason ________ my mom had encouraged me not to give up. where when/on which where/at which why that/which 用适当的关系词填空 1. Do you still remember the first day ______ you went to high school? 2. I paid a visit to Fudan University _______ my father studied thirty years ago. 3. Do you know the real reason ______ Anne didn't go to the get-together? 4. Tomorrow I will bring here the magazine for _______ you asked. 5. Peter put himself in a situation _______ he had to leave the company. 6. There was a time ______ my daughter was crazy about pop music. 7. The restaurant _______ I have eaten a wonderful meal is going to close down. 8. There are two main reasons ______ this situation has been allowed to continue. when where why which where when where why I 1 That is the age_____________ people live in peace and happiness . 2.This is the place________________ we met yesterday . 3 He will remember the factory ____________he worked ten years ago . 4-This is the reason______________ he was late for school . 5 He will remember the day____________ he spent together with us . 6 Do you know the year _____________the Chinese Communist Party was founded ? 7The place __________ interested me most was the Children ’ s Palace . 8 I shall never forget those years ______________ I lived on the farm with the farmers ,__________ has a great effect on my life . when/in which where/in which where/in which why/for which that/ which when/in which that/ which when/in which which 1)关系副词when ①There was a period(时期)________ I hated to go to school. ②Last winter________ I went there again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens. ③I will never forget the year_______we were immersed in learning European languages. 2)关系副词where ①He gets into a situation_______ it is hard to decide what is right or wrong. ②The factory_______ his father works is in the west of the city. ③Creating a relaxing atmosphere_______employees are less scared to state their views is a big challenge. 3)关系副词why ①He didn’t tell me the reason_______he was so upset. ②Please tell me the reason ________ he refused to follow my advice. when when when where where where why why during which in which in which in which in which in which for which for which 展 4.“介词+which/whom”的用法 ①I’ll never forget the days______________we studied together. ②This is the town________Shakespeare was born. ③There’s no reason________we shouldn’t be friends. ④After graduation she reached a point in her life________she had to decide what to do. ⑤This is a subject____________we might argue for a long while. ⑥The colorless gas____________we cannot live is called oxygen(氧气). ⑦This is the camera________ he often takes photos. ⑧We’ll go to meet the famous singer____________we often talk. ⑨The main reason__________he lost his job was that he often drank. ⑩The lady__________I discussed different world languages stays in my memory as a good friend. on/during which in which for which at which about which without which with which about whom for which with whom when where why where why ①There are places______ancient languages were born and reasons______languages evolved uniquely due to isolation. ②The reason ______ I love my job as a nature photographer is ______ I can observe animals in their natural environment. ③Our teacher took us to the museum ______ an exhibition on Chinese art was held. ④It was in September, 2013 _____ I studied in the UK _____ I met and fell in love with my wife. ⑤Do you know the year______the Chinese Communist Party(中国共产党) was founded? ⑥However, the typical teenagers’ lifestyle is already filled with so much competition ______ it would be wise to plan activities______ ______there are more winners than losers. where/in which for which/why for which/why that in which/ where when that when/in which in which that $