语法知识串讲02（形容词、副词的级、反身代词、复合不定代词、used to、Ving） （期末复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材北师大版

该初中英语期末复习讲义通过表格归纳、分层知识点梳理构建语法知识体系，系统整合形容词副词的级、反身代词等六大核心语法点，用对比表格呈现不规则变化规律，思维导图式梳理比较级最高级用法逻辑，清晰标注易混点及内在联系。 讲义亮点在于情境化分层练习设计，基础通关题夯实基础，链接中考题如《逃出大英博物馆》语法填空融入文化传承，培养语言能力与文化意识。Ving动词搭配口诀助记提升学习能力，教师可依此实施精准复习，学生自主复习有明确方法指引。

专题02 语法知识串讲2（形容词、副词的级、反身代词、复合不定代词、used to、Ving） （期末复习讲义） 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 形容词、副词的级、反身代词、复合不定代词、used to、Ving 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 形容词、副词的级 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级构成规律 知识点01 规则变化 1. 一般在词尾直接加er或est。如：tall-taller-tallest; long-longer-longest; soon-sooner-soonest; hard-harder-hardest等。 2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st。如：nice-nicer-nicest, late-later-latest等。 3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est。如：heavy-heavier-heaviest; early-earlier-earliest等。 4. 重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est。如：big-bigger-biggest等。 【注意】大，红，湿，热，悲，瘦，胖；双写末辅再变级。（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat） 5. 部分双音节词和多音节词，分别是在原级前加more构成比较级和在原级前加most构成最高级。如： often-more often-most often; beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful等。 【注意】表示否定意义的比较级和最高级可以在其前加less /least。如：important-less important-least important等。 English is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English. 6. 由“形容词+ly”构成的副词，分别是在原级前加more构成比较级和在原级前加most构成最高级。如： slowly-more slowly-most slowly；quickly-more quickly- most quickly等。但early(形容词)-earlier-earliest例外。 知识点02不规则变化（好坏多少老远） 原 级 比较级 最高级 good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；(身体)好的 bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 worse更糟糕的，更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的，最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 less更少的 least最少的 old旧的，老的，年长的 older较旧的，较老的 oldest最旧的，最老的 elder较年长的 eldest最年长的 far远的；远地 farther(指距离)更远的；更远地 farthest(指距离)最远的/地 further(指程度)进一步的/地 furthest(指程度)最深刻的/地 下列单、双音节词只能加more和most。如：like, real, right, glad, tired, pleased, often, exact等。 【注意】有些形容词如：dead, empty, sure, round, woolen等无比较级和最高级。 形容词、副词比较等级的用法 知识点01 原级的用法 ⒈ 讲述某人/物自身的情况时，用原级。只能修饰原级的词有：very, quite, so, too, rather。基本句型为： “主语(sb./sth)+谓语动词+(very/too/so/quite/rather…)+形容词/副词原级 +其它.” He is very old now. They ran quite fast. The weather looks rather bad. I am so happy! ⒉ 原级常用的句型结构 ⑴ 表示两者之间没有差别时，即A= B，使用句型：“A +谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.” Tom is as old as Kate. He is as excited as his younger sister. Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady. ⑵ 表示A比不上B时，即A＜B，使用句型：“A+谓语动词(否定式)+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.”（so只能用于否定句中，as既可以用于肯定句也可以用于否定句中） This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesn’t walk as slowly as you. 【注意】在as ... as结构中，若形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词，不定冠词a (an)应置于形容词和名词之间，不可放在形容词之前。as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰。 She is as good a teacher as your father. 她和你的父亲一样是个好老师。 “as (so)+名词+as+名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as。not so much…as (或not…so much as)的意思是“不如……那样多”或“与其说是……不如说是……”。 Henry is not so much a writer as a reporter. 与其说亨利是一个作家不如说是一个记者。 They weren’t so much islands as sandbars. 与其说那是些岛屿，还不如说都是些沙洲。 ⒊ 表示“相当于……的一半/两倍/三倍……”等时，用“half/twice/three/four/…times as+形容词原级+as”句型。 This book is half as thick as that one. This garden is ten times as large as that one. ⒋“the same＋名词＋as”表示同等比较。 I’m the same tall as you. 知识点02 比较级的用法 1. 比较级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示两者比较，A超过B时，用比较级。基本句型为：“A+谓语动词(系动词)+形容词/副词比较级+than+B+ 其它”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。 He works harder than I. This book didn’t cost me more than that one. ⑵ 表示两者比较，A不及B时，用比较级。句型是：“A+谓语动词+less+(多音节形/副)比较级+than+B+其它”。 I think English is less difficult than maths. Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language? ⑶ “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者中较……的一个”。 Wang Gang is the taller of the two boys. Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. ⑷ “比较级+ and+比较级”表示“越来越……”，注意多音节形容词或副词用“more and more+多音节形容词或副词原级”。 The weather is getting warmer and warmer. The days are getting longer and longer. He becomes fatter and fatter. English is becoming more and more important. ⑸ “The + 比较级……，the + 比较级……”表示“越……越……”、“越……就越……” The more trees we plant, the better it will be. The harder you try, the greater your progress is. ⑹ “特殊疑问词+be+形容词/副词的比较级+甲or乙？”用于两者之间的比较。 Which do you like better, the blue coat or the white coat? 易｜错｜点｜拨 需注意的比较级的用法： ⑴ 比较级前还可以用a little, much, far, a lot, still, even等来修饰。以上词（除by far）外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。 Tom looks even younger than before. Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. ⑵ than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。 My pencil is longer than yours (your pencil). ⑶ 用比较级表示最高级含义的常用句型有： 1 比较级+than+any other+单数名词。 Xiaoming is taller than any other boy in his class.=Xiaoming is taller than(any of)the other boys in his class.=Xiaoming is the tallest boy in his class. 2 比较级+than+the other+复数名词。 Tom is taller than the other boys in our class. 3 比较级+than+anyone else。 Tom is taller than anyone else in our class. 4 比较级+than+all other+复数名词。 This building is higher than all other buildings in Beijing. 5 Nobody else+比较级+than …。 Nobody else is taller than Tom in our class. ⑥ 有关的否定词+比较级。如： No other books has had a greater influence on my work and study. I never read a more interesting book. 知识点03 最高级的用法 1. 最高级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示三者或三者以上进行比较用最高级。基本句型为：主语+谓语动+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among+表示比较范围的名词、短语或从句。（of/among+人或物的复数形式，表示“在……之中的；在……中”；“in+地点、范围”表示“在……之中”。 He runs fastest in our class. This is the biggest apple I have ever met. He is the best among the students. ⑵“one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”。 He is one of the cleverest students in our class. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world. ⑶“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。 Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer or autumn? 2. 需注意的最高级的用法： ⑴ 副词的最高级前the 可省掉。如：Of all the boys he came (the) earliest. ⑵ 形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，但如果形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格修饰时，其前不加the；若两个最高级并列使用，后一个最高级前也可以不加the。 ⑶ most 同形容词连用而不用 the，表示“极，很，非常，十分”。 ⑷ 最高级可被序数词及much, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really, nothing like等词语所修饰。 He is our best friend. Liu Fang is the youngest and shortest girl in our class. It’s most dangerous to be here. I cannot do it, it’s most difficult. It’s today’s most important news. This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest. How much did the second most expensive hat coat? The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 反身代词 英语中用来表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我们自己”，“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，有人称和数的变化。反身代词是人称代词的强调形式，一般用在宾语和主语是同一人的情况下，或用来强调某人亲自怎样。单数后加self，复数后加selves；不定代词one也有反身代词oneself。反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。具体变化见下表： 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 myself (我自己) yourself (你自己) himself (他自己) herself (她自己) itself (它自己) ourselves (我们自己) yourselves (你们自己) themselves (他们/她们/它们自己) 知识点01反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身)。 Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.(不要玩刀子,那会割伤你的。) 知识点02 在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。如： The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.(故事本身是好的,只是他没有讲好。) 知识点03 反身代词的常见搭配。 enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快； hurt oneself 伤着自己； teach oneself=learn...by oneself 自学； (all) by oneself (完全)独立地； help oneself to请自便，随便吃……； look after oneself=take care of oneself自理，照顾自己； leave one by oneself 把……单独留下； lose oneself in 陶醉于，沉浸于； dress oneself 穿衣； make oneself at home不拘束，随便； wash oneself 洗澡。 复合不定代词 somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 构成的,叫做复合不定代词,在句子中当单数使用。 somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中； anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。 修饰复合不定代词的定语,应放在它们的后面。 1.Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door.(嗨,丽丽,门外有人。) 2.Did you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday?(上个星期天你来学校时见到什么人了吗？) 3.He has nothing much to do today.(他今天没有多少事情做) 动词的ing 知识点01 作动词的宾语 1. 有些动词后面需要接动名词作宾语，这是一种固定的用法，常见的这类动词有: consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, excuse / pardon ; 考虑建议盼原谅； admit, delay / put off, fancy; 承认推迟没得想； avoid, miss, keep / keep on, practise; 避免错过继续练； deny, finish, enjoy / appreciate; 否认完成就欣赏； forbid, imagine, risk; 禁止想象才冒险； can’t help, mind, allow / permit, escape; 不禁介意准逃亡； 例如：I enjoy listening to music in my free time.（我业余时间喜欢听音乐。）在这个句子中，“enjoy” 是谓语动词，后面接动名词 “listening” 作宾语。 She finished writing her essay last night.（她昨晚完成了她的论文。）“finished” 后接动名词 “writing”。 2. 动词 + 疑问词 + 动名词 有些动词（如：ask, consider, decide, discuss, know, show, teach, tell 等）后面可以接 “疑问词 + 动名词” 结构作宾语。 He hasn't decided whether going there alone is a good idea.（他还没决定独自去那里是否是个好主意。） Please teach me how using this new software.（请教我如何使用这个新软件。） 知识点02 作介词的宾语 1. 在英语中，介词后面如果需要接动词，通常要用动词的 -ing 形式。 常见的这类词组有: be used to（习惯于）；lead to（导致、通向）；be good at (擅长于)；devote to（致力于、奉献给）；stick to（坚持、信守）；object to（反对）；get down to（开始认真做某事）；pay attention to（注意）；can’t stand（无法忍受）；give up（放弃）；feel like（想要；感觉像）；insist on（坚持、坚决要求）；put off（推迟、拖延）；have difficulty /trouble (in) doing sth.（做某事有困难）；spend...(in) doing sth.（花费时间、金钱等做某事）；There is no point / sense (in) doing sth.（做某事没有意义）；have a good / wonderful / hard time (in) doing sth.（做某事过得愉快/艰难）；be busy (in) doing sth.（忙于做某事） 例如：He has difficulty understanding advanced math.（他在理解高等数学方面有困难。）“in” 是介词，后接动名词 “understanding”。 He is good at playing the piano.（他擅长弹钢琴。）“at” 是介词，后接动名词 “playing”。 2. 特殊介词短语后的动名词 “look forward to”（期待）、“pay attention to”（注意）、“get used to”（习惯于）等短语中的 “to” 是介词，后面要接动名词。 I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.（我期待着尽快见到你。） You should pay attention to spelling these words correctly.（你应该注意正确拼写这些单词。） He has got used to living in the countryside.（他已经习惯了住在农村。） 易｜错｜点｜拨 部分动词后接动名词和不定式作宾语时意义不同 1. remember remember doing sth. 表示记得做过某事。 I remember locking the door.（我记得锁门了。）说明门已经锁了这个动作发生过。 remember to do sth. 表示记得去做某事。 Please remember to call me tonight.（请记得今晚给我打电话。）意味着打电话这个动作还没做。 2. forget forget doing sth. 表示忘记做过某事。 I forget meeting him before.（我忘了以前见过他。）实际上是见过他，但现在忘记了这个事情。 forget to do sth. 表示忘记去做某事。 Don't forget to bring your book.（别忘了带你的书。）书还没带。 3. stop stop doing sth. 表示停止正在做的事情。 They stopped talking when the teacher came in.（老师进来时，他们停止了交谈。）“talking” 是当时正在进行的动作，停止这个动作。 stop to do sth. 表示停下来去做另一件事。 He stopped to have a rest.（他停下来去休息。）停下原来的事，去做休息这件事。 三．used to used to 意为“过去常常”，表示过去的习惯动作或存在的状态，而且这种情况现在已不再存在。to为不定式符号。used to的各种结构为： (1) 肯定句：主语 + used to + 动词原形 + 其他 (2) 否定句：主语 + didn’t + use to + 动词原形 + 其他 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. (3) 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形 + 其他? 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t. (4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形 + 其他? 【拓展】be used to doing sth. 意为“习惯做某事”，to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词 1. They used to skate in winter. (改为疑问句并作否定回答) --- they to skate in winter? --- , they . 2. My father used to take a walk after dinner. (变为否定句) My father to take a walk after dinner. 3. He used to watch TV in his spare time. (对画线部分提问) did he to do in his spare time? 【解析】 1. Did use; No didn’t 2. didn’t use 3. What use 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1.—Compared to a printed picture， Grandpa’s painting is 　　　for our living room.  —I agree. A.suitable B.more suitable C.expensive D.more expensive 答案　B　考查形容词。be suitable for适合;根据上文“Compared to a printed picture”可知，此处在做比较，需用比较级，结合空后的“for”可知要用more suitable。故选B。 2.—Don’t be shy. Nobody can hear you unless you speak in 　　　voice.  —All right. Thanks. A.the loudest B.the lowest C.a louder D.a lower 答案　C　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据“Nobody can hear you unless you speak...”可知，应该是用更大的声音说话。故选C。 3.Yuan Longping is considered as one of 　　　agricultural scientists in the world.  A.great B.greater C.greatest D.the greatest 答案　D　考查形容词最高级的用法。根据空格前的one of...可知，此处填形容词的最高级，前面要加定冠词the。故选D。 4.Wang Yaping， China’s second woman astronaut， wishes every female would pick 　　　star in their own starry sky.  A.bright B.brighter C.the brightest D.brightly 答案　C　考查形容词最高级的用法。根据in their own starry sky可知，此空应填形容词最高级，修饰名词star。故选C。 5.—Bob， how do you like the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games? —Perfect. I haven’t seen a 　　　one.   A.good B.better C.best D.nice 答案　B　考查形容词比较级的用法。此处用比较级和否定形式连用，表示最高级，指“没有比这更好的(这是最好的)”。故选B。 6.Separating litter into different groups will give us a 　　　city than before.  A.much greener B.very green C.much dirtier D.very dirty 答案　A　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据空后的than before可知，空格处应填比较级，所以排除B、D两项;根据Separating litter into different groups可知，城市会变得更加环保。故选A。 7.Take the GPS with you， or you may become 　　　a blind man in the big desert.  A.as good as　　　　 B.as well as C.as long as　　　　 D.as soon as 答案　A　as good as几乎;as well as 以及，除……之外(也);as long as只要;as soon as一……就……。根据句意可知，此处应填as good as，指“几乎是盲人”。故选A。 8.You can achieve your dream 　　　with more efforts in your work.  A.easier B.slower C.more easily D.more slowly 答案　C　考查副词比较级的用法。easier更容易的;slower更慢的;more easily更容易地;more slowly更慢地。空格处修 9.（23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中）Hi, kids! Help ________ to some fruit. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：嗨，孩子们！请随便吃一些水果。 考查反身代词。you你，你们，人称代词主格或宾格；your你的，你们的，形容词性物主代词；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己。help oneself to“请随便吃点……”，结合“kids”可知，这里要填反身代词的复数形式yourselves。故选D。 10.（24-25八年级下·云南昆明·期末）Lucy finished the science project all by ________ without any help. A．herself B．yourself C．myself D．himself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：露西完全靠她自己完成了这个科学项目，没有寻求任何帮助。 考查反身代词词义辨析。herself她自己；yourself你自己；myself我自己；himself他自己。主语“Lucy”是女性，反身代词应用herself，“by oneself”表示“独自”。故选A。 11.（24-25八年级下·上海浦东新·期末）Let’s make the cake ________. It will be much cheaper. A．us B．our C．ourselves D．ours 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们自己做蛋糕吧。这样会便宜很多。 考查代词辨析。us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ourselves我们自己，反身代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“Let’s make the cake…”可知，这里强调我们自己做蛋糕，用反身代词ourselves符合语境，体现亲自做的含义。故选C。 12．（24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）________ speaking English every day can help us make progress in learning English. A．Practise B．Practised C．To practising D．Practising 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每天练习说英语可以帮助我们在学习英语方面取得进步。 考查非谓语动词。分析“…speaking English every day can…”可知，句子缺少主语，Practising speaking English every day是动名词短语，可作句子主语。故选D。 13.（24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中）We spent about 15 minutes ________ there on foot. A．to get B．getting C．geting D．gets 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们步行到那里大约花了15分钟。 考查非谓语动词。spend ... doing sth.“花费……做某事”，固定搭配，此处要用动名词，get的动名词形式为getting。故选B。 14.（24-25八年级下·上海浦东新·期末）We are considering ________ a road trip in Australia next winter. A．doing B．do C．did D．to do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们正在考虑明年冬天去澳大利亚进行一次公路旅行。 考查非谓语动词。doing是动名词形式；do是动词原形；did是过去式；to do是动词不定式，consider意为“考虑”时，其后接动名词作宾语，即consider doing sth.，表示“考虑做某事”。故选A。 15.（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）—Your cousin Mike refuses ________ pork for dinner. —Oh, yes. But I don’t mind ________ any food. A．to have; eating B．having; to eat C．to have; to eat D．having; eating 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你的表弟迈克拒绝晚餐吃猪肉。——哦，是的。但是我不介意吃任何食物。 考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”，为固定搭配，第一空应选to have；mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，为固定搭配，第二空应选eating。故选A。 16.（24-25八年级下·四川泸州·期中）I have some trouble ________ English now, but I believe I can learn it well with the help of my teacher. A．learn B．to learning C．learning D．to learn 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我现在在学习英语方面有些困难，但我相信在老师的帮助下我能学好它。    考查非谓语动词。根据“I have some trouble…English now”可推知，此处考查固定搭配“have trouble (in) doing sth”，表示“做某事有困难”。故选C。 17.（24-25八年级下·上海松江·期末）The doctor suggested ________ more exercise to keep healthy. A．take B．takes C．taking D．to take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：医生建议多做运动来保持健康。   考查非谓语动词用法。suggest作“建议”解时，后接动名词作宾语，表示建议做某事。根据句意，此处应选用动名词形式表示建议的内容。故选C。 18.（24-25八年级下·江苏连云港·期中）My father ________ drive to his workplace, but now he has ________ riding a bike there to keep fit. A．used to; used to B．got used to; used to C．used to; got used to D．used to; get used to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我父亲过去常常开车去上班，但现在他已经习惯了骑自行车去那里以保持身体健康。 考查动词短语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。根据“but now…”可知，but表转折，此处指过去和现在上班方式的对比，过去常开车上班，现在习惯骑自行车上班。第一空用used to do，第二空用get used to doing，结合第二空前的“has”可知，此处是现在完成时，get用其过去分词形式。故选C。 19.（24-25八年级下·江西九江·期中）My grandparents used to ________ in a small village, so now they aren’t used to ________ in the big city. A．live; living B．live; live C．living; live D．living; living 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的祖父母过去住在一个小村庄里，所以现在他们不习惯住在大城市里。 考查动词短语。根据“My grandparents used to...in the big city.”可知，used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，空一应用动词原形live；be used to doing sth.表示“习惯做某事”，空二应用动名词living。故选A。 20.（24-25八年级下·江苏连云港·期中）Uncle Wang looks so fine these days. He ________ a lot, but he has given it up. A．used to smoking B．used to smoke C．gets used to smoke D．is used to smoking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：王叔叔这些天看起来很好。他过去抽很多烟，但他已经戒了。 考查used to do的用法。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；get/be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。根据“but he has given it up”可知，他现在已经戒烟了，but表转折，故此处指他过去常常吸烟，应用used to smoke表示“过去常常吸烟”。故选B。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。 Joy in the journey Long long ago, two brothers decided to dig a big hole behind their house. As they 1 (dig), some young men stopped 2 (watch). “what are you doing?” asked one of the young men. “We want to dig a hole all the way through the earth!” one of the brothers 3 (reply). The young men began to laugh at them. They told them that their plan was quite silly and digging a hole all the way through the earth was 4 (possible). After some 5 (time), one of the brothers picked up a jar 6 (fill) with gold coins and then a bottle of different 7 (kind) of seeds which made their yard a beautiful garden later on. He showed the amazing things to others. Everyone was shocked. Then he said 8 (confident), “Even if we can’t dig through the earth, look at what we 9 (find ) along the way!” Their goal was too difficult to reach, but it did get them to dig. Not every goal will be reached at last. But when you can’t get to your goal, perhaps you can say to 10 (you) “So many great things have come into my life while I was doing something.” It is in the digging that life is lived. And there is more joy in the journey, sometimes than in the end. 【答案】1．were digging 2．to watch 3．replied 4．impossible 5．time 6．filled 7．kinds 8．confidently 9．have found 10．yourself 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了想挖穿地球的两兄弟，最终没有挖穿地球，却在挖掘过程中，挖到了很多金币，故事告诉我们即使努力也不一定就能实现目标，但是我们也许会在过程中有很大收获，我们要珍惜努力的过程。 1．句意：当他们挖掘时，一些年轻人停下来观看。 根据“As they..., some young men stopped...“what are you doing?” asked one of the young men.”可知，他们正在挖东西时，年轻人们停下来看，并询问他们正在做什么，时态为过去进行时，空处应用“was/were+现在分词”的结构，主语为they，第三人称复数，be动词用were，dig“挖”，动词。故填were digging。 2．句意：当他们挖掘时，一些年轻人停下来观看。 stop to do sth表示“停下来做另一件事”，空处应用“不定式to+动词原形”，作宾语，watch“看”，动词。故填to watch。 3．句意：“我们想在地球上挖一个洞！”其中一个兄弟回答。 根据“Long long ago, two brothers decided to dig a big hole behind their house.”可知，事情是很久以前发生的，时态为一般过去时，空处需填动词过去式，reply“答复”，动词。故填replied。 4．句意：他们告诉他们，他们的计划很愚蠢，在地球上挖一个洞是不可能的。根据“They told them that their plan was quite silly and digging a hole all the way through the earth was...”可知，年轻人认为两兄弟很愚蠢，挖穿地球是不可能的，系动词was后需填形容词，作表语，possible“可能的”，形容词。故填impossible。 5．句意：过了一段时间，其中一个兄弟拿起了一个装满金币的罐子，然后又拿起了一瓶不同种类的种子，这使得他们的院子后来成为了一个美丽的花园。some time表示“一段时间”，空处需填名词，time为不可数名词。故填time。 6．句意：过了一段时间，其中一个兄弟拿起了一个装满金币的罐子，然后又拿起了一瓶不同种类的种子，这使得他们的院子后来成为了一个美丽的花园。根据“...one of the brothers picked up a jar...with gold coins...”可知，一个装满金币的罐子，空处需填过去分词，作后置定语，修饰a jar，fill“装满”，动词。故填filled。 7．句意：过了一段时间，其中一个兄弟拿起了一个装满金币的罐子，然后又拿起了一瓶不同种类的种子，这使得他们的院子后来成为了一个美丽的花园。different kinds of表示“不同种类的……”，空处需填复数名词，kind“种类”，名词。故填kinds。 8．句意：然后他自信地说：“即使我们不能挖透地球，看看我们一路上发现了什么！”根据“Then he said..., “Even if we can’t dig through the earth, look at what we...along the way!””可知，他自信地说，空处需填副词，修饰动词said，confidently“自信地”，副词。故填confidently。 9．句意：然后他自信地说：“即使我们不能挖透地球，看看我们一路上发现了什么！”根据“Even if we can’t dig through the earth, look at what we...along the way!”可知，两兄弟让年轻人看看他们发现的东西，时态为现在完成时，空处应用“have/has+过去分词”的结构，主语为we，第一人称复数，助动词用have，find“发现”，动词。故填have found。 10．句意：但当你无法达到目标时，也许你可以对你自己说：“当我在做一些事情的时候，我的生活中发生了很多伟大的事情。”根据“But when you can’t get to your goal, perhaps you can say to...“So many great things have come into my life while I was doing something.””可知，这里应该是自己对自己说的话，空处需填反身代词，you，人称代词。故填yourself。 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 一．填空 1.Full River Red(《满江红》) is 　　　　　(exciting) film I’ve ever seen.  答案　the most exciting　句意:《满江红》是我看过的最激动人心的电影。根据“I’ve ever seen”可知，此处用最高级，exciting的最高级为most exciting。形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，故填the most exciting。 2.　　　　　(luck)， her family members were all fine after the flood.  答案　Luckily　根据“her family members were all fine after the flood”可知，她的家庭成员在洪灾过后都没事，这是一件幸运的事情，此处应该用副词修饰整个句子。luck“运气”，名词，其副词形式是luckily，指“幸运地”，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Luckily。 3.Some people think such a problem should be dealt with 　　　　　.(peace)  答案　peacefully　根据“such a problem should be dealt with”可知，此空应填副词，用来修饰动词。“peace”和平是名词，其副词形式是peacefully。故填peacefully。 4.Nora would like to be a 　　　　　(社会的) worker when she grows up.  答案　social　句意:Nora长大后想当一名社会工作者。social“社会的”。故填social。 5.With the country’s 　　　　　(far) development， there is no doubt that China will do more for world peace.  答案　further　句意:随着中国的进一步发展，毫无疑问，中国将为世界和平做更多的事情。由语境可知，应用far的比较级further。further development“进一步发展”，故填further。 6.This is the 　　　　　(tidy) room I have ever seen. I love it very much!  答案　tidiest　根据I have ever seen“我见过的”可知用最高级，根据I love it very much!可知此房间是最整洁的。故填tidiest。 二．完成句子 1.（24-25八年级下·北京海淀·期末）他们过去常常为小事争吵，但现在相处得很好。 They argue with each other over small things, but now they get on well. 【答案】 used to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处表达的意思是“过去常常”。“过去常常做某事”常用短语“used to do sth.”，故填used；to。 2.（24-25八年级下·重庆·期中）Life in the town used to be quiet and peaceful. (改为一般疑问句) life in the town to be quiet and peaceful? 【答案】 Did use 【详解】句意：小镇的生活曾经平静而安宁。原句的谓语部分为：used to be，改为一般疑问句用助动词did提问，置于句首，首字母要大写，used改写为use。故填Did；use。 3.（23-24八年级下·重庆·阶段练习）Why don’t you ask others for help if you can’t work it out yourself? (改为同义句) How others for help if you can’t work it out yourself? 【答案】 about asking 【详解】句意：如果你自己解决不了，为什么不找别人帮忙呢？句式Why don’t you do sth.?“为什么你不做某事呢？”和How about doing sth.?“做某事怎么样？”，都表示提建议，故填about；asking。 4.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）My brother has a good habit. He always does some reading before he goes to bed. （同义句） My brother is to some books before going to bed. 【答案】 used reading 【详解】句意：我弟弟有个好习惯。他睡觉前总是读一些书。改为同义句，意思为“我弟弟习惯在睡觉前读一些书。be used to doing sth. “习惯做某事”；reading“阅读”，动名词作宾语。故填used；reading。 5.（24-25八年级上·江苏淮安·期中）Last weekend, it took my brother two hours to repair his bike. Last weekend, my brother two hours his bike. 【答案】 spent repairing 【详解】句意：上周末，我哥哥花了两个小时修理他的自行车。it took sb.+时间+to do sth.“某人做某事花了多少时间”，改为同义句，可用句型sb. spends/spent+时间+(in) doing sth.；根据“Last weekend”可知，时态为一般过去时，spend应用过去式spent；repair的动名词为repairing。故填spent；repairing。 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） [2024岳阳二模]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A video series（系列片） named Escape from the British Museum was released（发布） last year. It has caused a heated 1 （discuss） in China’s social media recently. Directed by a Chinese vlogger, the three-episode series tells a story of how a Chinese cultural relic（文物） escapes from the British Museum and finds 2 （it） way back to China. In the video series, the female vlogger 3 （play） the role of an ancient Chinese jade teapot（玉茶壶）, while her male（男性的） partner is a journalist 4 helps the teapot return to China. The 5 （video） were inspired by a netizen who suggested 6 （make） a video in memory of the ordeal（磨难） of Chinese cultural relics returning home from the UK. They said the story was based on historical facts and aimed to draw attention 7 the Chinese cultural relics held abroad. After watching the videos, the netizens 8 （humorous） remarked（评论） that the treasures in the museum must be feeling “homesick”. What 9 educational and creative story! It 10 （believe） that more great micro-dramas like Escape From the British Museum are worth looking forward to and they will become better and better. 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了网络剧《逃出大英博物馆》的故事情节、创作背景及其影响。 [答案]1．discussion2．its3．plays4．who/that5．videos6．making7．to8．humorously9．an10．is believed [解析] 1．考查名词。空前有a，此处应用可数名词单数，discussion“讨论”。故填discussion。 2．考查代词。空后是名词，此处用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 3．考查时态。结合语境和while her male partner is可知，此处用一般现在时。主语是名词单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。 4．考查定语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代a journalist，故填who/that。 5．考查名词。根据空后的were可知此处用名词复数。故填videos。 6．suggest doing sth. 建议做某事，故填making。 7．考查介词。draw attention to“引起对……的关注”，为固定搭配。故填to。 8．考查副词。空处修饰动词remarked，用副词。humorously“幽默地”。故填humorously。 9．考查冠词。 此处是感叹句“What a/an +形容词+名词!”结构。因为educational以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 10．考查固定结构。 it is believed that...“人们相信……”。故填is believed。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 语法知识串讲2（形容词、副词的级、反身代词、复合不定代词、used to、Ving） （期末复习讲义） 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 形容词、副词的级、反身代词、复合不定代词、used to、Ving 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 形容词、副词的级 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级构成规律 知识点01 规则变化 1. 一般在词尾直接 。如：tall-taller-tallest; long-longer-longest; soon-sooner-soonest; hard-harder-hardest等。 2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾 。如：nice-nicer-nicest, late-later-latest等。 3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词， 。如：heavy-heavier-heaviest; early-earlier-earliest等。 4. 重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 。如：big-bigger-biggest等。 【注意】大，红，湿，热，悲，瘦，胖；双写末辅再变级。（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat） 5. 部分双音节词和多音节词，分别是在原级前加 构成比较级和在原级前加 构成最高级。如： often-more often-most often; beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful等。 【注意】表示否定意义的比较级和最高级可以在其前加less /least。如：important-less important-least important等。 English is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English. 6. 由“形容词+ly”构成的副词，分别是在原级前加more构成比较级和在原级前加most构成最高级。如： slowly-more slowly-most slowly；quickly-more quickly- most quickly等。但early(形容词)-earlier-earliest例外。 知识点02不规则变化（好坏多少老远） 原 级 比较级 最高级 good好的 更好的 最好的 well好；(身体)好的 bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 更糟糕的，更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 最糟糕的，最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) 更多的；更 最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 更少的 最少的 old旧的，老的，年长的 较旧的，较老的 最旧的，最老的 较年长的 最年长的 far远的；远地 (指距离)更远的；更远地 (指距离)最远的/地 (指程度)进一步的/地 (指程度)最深刻的/地 下列单、双音节词只能加more和most。如：like, real, right, glad, tired, pleased, often, exact等。 【注意】有些形容词如：dead, empty, sure, round, woolen等无比较级和最高级。 形容词、副词比较等级的用法 知识点01 原级的用法 ⒈ 讲述某人/物自身的情况时，用原级。只能修饰原级的词有：very, quite, so, too, rather。基本句型为： “主语(sb./sth)+谓语动词+(very/too/so/quite/rather…)+形容词/副词原级 +其它.” He is very old now. They ran quite fast. The weather looks rather bad. I am so happy! ⒉ 原级常用的句型结构 ⑴ 表示两者之间没有差别时，即A= B，使用句型：“A +谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.” Tom is as old as Kate. He is as excited as his younger sister. Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady. ⑵ 表示A比不上B时，即A＜B，使用句型：“A+谓语动词(否定式)+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.”（so只能用于否定句中，as既可以用于肯定句也可以用于否定句中） This room is not as/so big as that one. He doesn’t walk as slowly as you. 【注意】在as ... as结构中，若形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词，不定冠词a (an)应置于形容词和名词之间，不可放在形容词之前。as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰。 She is your father. 她和你的父亲一样是个好老师。 “as (so)+名词+as+名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as。not so much…as (或not…so much as)的意思是“不如……那样多”或“与其说是……不如说是……”。 Henry is not a reporter. 与其说亨利是一个作家不如说是一个记者。 They weren’t sandbars. 与其说那是些岛屿，还不如说都是些沙洲。 ⒊ 表示“相当于……的一半/两倍/三倍……”等时，用“half/twice/three/four/…times as+形容词原级+as”句型。 This book is half as thick as that one. This garden is ten times as large as that one. ⒋“the same＋名词＋as”表示同等比较。 I’m the same tall as you. 知识点02 比较级的用法 1. 比较级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示两者比较，A超过B时，用比较级。基本句型为：“A+谓语动词(系动词)+形容词/副词比较级+than+B+ 其它”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。 He works harder than I. This book didn’t cost me more than that one. ⑵ 表示两者比较，A不及B时，用比较级。句型是：“A+谓语动词+less+(多音节形/副)比较级+than+B+其它”。 I think English is less difficult than maths. Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language? ⑶ “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者中较……的一个”。 Wang Gang is the taller of the two boys. Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. ⑷ “比较级+ and+比较级”表示“越来越……”，注意多音节形容词或副词用“more and more+多音节形容词或副词原级”。 The weather is getting warmer and warmer. The days are getting longer and longer. He becomes fatter and fatter. English is becoming more and more important. ⑸ “The + 比较级……，the + 比较级……”表示“越……越……”、“越……就越……” The more trees we plant, the better it will be. The harder you try, the greater your progress is. ⑹ “特殊疑问词+be+形容词/副词的比较级+甲or乙？”用于两者之间的比较。 Which do you like better, the blue coat or the white coat? 易｜错｜点｜拨 需注意的比较级的用法： ⑴ 比较级前还可以用a little, much, far, a lot, still, even等来修饰。以上词（除by far）外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。 Tom looks even younger than before. Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. ⑵ than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。 My pencil is longer than yours (your pencil). ⑶ 用比较级表示最高级含义的常用句型有： 1 比较级+than+any other+单数名词。 Xiaoming is taller than any other boy in his class.=Xiaoming is taller than(any of)the other boys in his class.=Xiaoming is the tallest boy in his class. 2 比较级+than+the other+复数名词。 Tom is taller than the other boys in our class. 3 比较级+than+anyone else。 Tom is taller than anyone else in our class. 4 比较级+than+all other+复数名词。 This building is higher than all other buildings in Beijing. 5 Nobody else+比较级+than …。 Nobody else is taller than Tom in our class. ⑥ 有关的否定词+比较级。如： No other books has had a greater influence on my work and study. I never read a more interesting book. 知识点03 最高级的用法 1. 最高级常用句型结构： ⑴ 表示三者或三者以上进行比较用最高级。基本句型为：主语+谓语动+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among+表示比较范围的名词、短语或从句。（of/among+人或物的复数形式，表示“在……之中的；在……中”；“in+地点、范围”表示“在……之中”。 He runs fastest in our class. This is the biggest apple I have ever met. He is the best among the students. ⑵“one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”。 He is one of the cleverest students in our class. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world. ⑶“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。 Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer or autumn? 2. 需注意的最高级的用法： ⑴ 副词的最高级前the 可省掉。如：Of all the boys he came (the) earliest. ⑵ 形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，但如果形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格修饰时，其前不加the；若两个最高级并列使用，后一个最高级前也可以不加the。 ⑶ most 同形容词连用而不用 the，表示“极，很，非常，十分”。 ⑷ 最高级可被序数词及much, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really, nothing like等词语所修饰。 He is our best friend. Liu Fang is the youngest and shortest girl in our class. It’s most dangerous to be here. I cannot do it, it’s most difficult. It’s today’s most important news. This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest. How much did the second most expensive hat coat? The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 反身代词 英语中用来表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我们自己”，“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，有人称和数的变化。反身代词是人称代词的强调形式，一般用在宾语和主语是同一人的情况下，或用来强调某人亲自怎样。单数后加self，复数后加selves；不定代词one也有反身代词oneself。反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。具体变化见下表： 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人称复数 第二人称复数 第三人称复数 阳性 阴性 中性 (我自己) (你自己) (他自己) (她自己) (它自己) (我们自己) (你们自己) (他们/她们/它们自己) 知识点01反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身)。 Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.(不要玩刀子,那会割伤你的。) 知识点02 在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。如： The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.(故事本身是好的,只是他没有讲好。) 知识点03 反身代词的常见搭配。 oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快； oneself 伤着自己； oneself= ...by oneself 自学； (all) by oneself (完全)独立地； oneself to请自便，随便吃……； oneself=take care of oneself自理，照顾自己； one by oneself 把……单独留下； oneself in 陶醉于，沉浸于； oneself 穿衣； oneself at home不拘束，随便； oneself 洗澡。 复合不定代词 somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 构成的,叫做复合不定代词,在句子中当单数使用。 somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中； anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。 修饰复合不定代词的定语,应放在它们的后面。 1.Hey,Lily. There is outside the door.(嗨,丽丽,门外有人。) 2.Did you meet when you came to school last Sunday?(上个星期天你来学校时见到什么人了吗？) 3.He has to do today.(他今天没有多少事情做) 动词的ing 知识点01 作动词的宾语 1. 有些动词后面需要接动名词作宾语，这是一种固定的用法，常见的这类动词有: consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, excuse / pardon ; 考虑建议盼原谅； admit, delay / put off, fancy; 承认推迟没得想； avoid, miss, keep / keep on, practise; 避免错过继续练； deny, finish, enjoy / appreciate; 否认完成就欣赏； forbid, imagine, risk; 禁止想象才冒险； can’t help, mind, allow / permit, escape; 不禁介意准逃亡； 例如：I enjoy listening to music in my free time.（我业余时间喜欢听音乐。）在这个句子中，“enjoy” 是谓语动词，后面接动名词 “listening” 作宾语。 She finished writing her essay last night.（她昨晚完成了她的论文。）“finished” 后接动名词 “writing”。 2. 动词 + 疑问词 + 动名词 有些动词（如：ask, consider, decide, discuss, know, show, teach, tell 等）后面可以接 “疑问词 + 动名词” 结构作宾语。 He hasn't decided whether going there alone is a good idea.（他还没决定独自去那里是否是个好主意。） Please teach me how using this new software.（请教我如何使用这个新软件。） 知识点02 作介词的宾语 1. 在英语中，介词后面如果需要接动词，通常要用动词的 -ing 形式。 常见的这类词组有: be used to（习惯于）；lead to（导致、通向）；be good at (擅长于)；devote to（致力于、奉献给）；stick to（坚持、信守）；object to（反对）；get down to（开始认真做某事）；pay attention to（注意）；can’t stand（无法忍受）；give up（放弃）；feel like（想要；感觉像）；insist on（坚持、坚决要求）；put off（推迟、拖延）；have difficulty /trouble (in) doing sth.（做某事有困难）；spend...(in) doing sth.（花费时间、金钱等做某事）；There is no point / sense (in) doing sth.（做某事没有意义）；have a good / wonderful / hard time (in) doing sth.（做某事过得愉快/艰难）；be busy (in) doing sth.（忙于做某事） 例如：He has difficulty understanding advanced math.（他在理解高等数学方面有困难。）“in” 是介词，后接动名词 “understanding”。 He is good at playing the piano.（他擅长弹钢琴。）“at” 是介词，后接动名词 “playing”。 2. 特殊介词短语后的动名词 “look forward to”（期待）、“pay attention to”（注意）、“get used to”（习惯于）等短语中的 “to” 是介词，后面要接动名词。 I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.（我期待着尽快见到你。） You should pay attention to spelling these words correctly.（你应该注意正确拼写这些单词。） He has got used to living in the countryside.（他已经习惯了住在农村。） 易｜错｜点｜拨 部分动词后接动名词和不定式作宾语时意义不同 1. remember remember doing sth. 表示记得做过某事。 I remember  the door.（我记得锁门了。）说明门已经锁了这个动作发生过。 remember to do sth. 表示记得去做某事。 Please remember   me tonight.（请记得今晚给我打电话。）意味着打电话这个动作还没做。 2. forget forget doing sth. 表示忘记做过某事。 I forget  him before.（我忘了以前见过他。）实际上是见过他，但现在忘记了这个事情。 forget to do sth. 表示忘记去做某事。 Don't forget  your book.（别忘了带你的书。）书还没带。 3. stop stop doing sth. 表示停止正在做的事情。 They stopped  when the teacher came in.（老师进来时，他们停止了交谈。）“talking” 是当时正在进行的动作，停止这个动作。 stop to do sth. 表示停下来去做另一件事。 He stopped   a rest.（他停下来去休息。）停下原来的事，去做休息这件事。 三．used to used to 意为“过去常常”，表示过去的习惯动作或存在的状态，而且这种情况现在已不再存在。to为不定式符号。used to的各种结构为： (1) 肯定句：主语 + used to + 动词原形 + 其他 (2) 否定句：主语 + didn’t + use to + 动词原形 + 其他 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. (3) 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形 + 其他? 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t. (4) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形 + 其他? 【拓展】be used to doing sth. 意为“习惯做某事”，to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词 1. They used to skate in winter. (改为疑问句并作否定回答) --- they to skate in winter? --- , they . 2. My father used to take a walk after dinner. (变为否定句) My father to take a walk after dinner. 3. He used to watch TV in his spare time. (对画线部分提问) did he to do in his spare time? 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1.—Compared to a printed picture， Grandpa’s painting is 　　　for our living room.  —I agree. A.suitable B.more suitable C.expensive D.more expensive 2.—Don’t be shy. Nobody can hear you unless you speak in 　　　voice.  —All right. Thanks. A.the loudest B.the lowest C.a louder D.a lower 3.Yuan Longping is considered as one of 　　　agricultural scientists in the world.  A.great B.greater C.greatest D.the greatest 4.Wang Yaping， China’s second woman astronaut， wishes every female would pick 　　　star in their own starry sky.  A.bright B.brighter C.the brightest D.brightly 5.—Bob， how do you like the opening ceremony of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games? —Perfect. I haven’t seen a 　　　one.   A.good B.better C.best D.nice 6.Separating litter into different groups will give us a 　　　city than before.  A.much greener B.very green C.much dirtier D.very dirty 7.Take the GPS with you， or you may become 　　　a blind man in the big desert.  A.as good as　　　　 B.as well as C.as long as　　　　 D.as soon as 8.You can achieve your dream 　　　with more efforts in your work.  A.easier B.slower C.more easily D.more slowly 9.（23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中）Hi, kids! Help ________ to some fruit. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 10.（24-25八年级下·云南昆明·期末）Lucy finished the science project all by ________ without any help. A．herself B．yourself C．myself D．himself 11.（24-25八年级下·上海浦东新·期末）Let’s make the cake ________. It will be much cheaper. A．us B．our C．ourselves D．ours 12．（24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末）________ speaking English every day can help us make progress in learning English. A．Practise B．Practised C．To practising D．Practising 13.（24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中）We spent about 15 minutes ________ there on foot. A．to get B．getting C．geting D．gets 14.（24-25八年级下·上海浦东新·期末）We are considering ________ a road trip in Australia next winter. A．doing B．do C．did D．to do 15.（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）—Your cousin Mike refuses ________ pork for dinner. —Oh, yes. But I don’t mind ________ any food. A．to have; eating B．having; to eat C．to have; to eat D．having; eating 16.（24-25八年级下·四川泸州·期中）I have some trouble ________ English now, but I believe I can learn it well with the help of my teacher. A．learn B．to learning C．learning D．to learn 17.（24-25八年级下·上海松江·期末）The doctor suggested ________ more exercise to keep healthy. A．take B．takes C．taking D．to take 18.（24-25八年级下·江苏连云港·期中）My father ________ drive to his workplace, but now he has ________ riding a bike there to keep fit. A．used to; used to B．got used to; used to C．used to; got used to D．used to; get used to 19.（24-25八年级下·江西九江·期中）My grandparents used to ________ in a small village, so now they aren’t used to ________ in the big city. A．live; living B．live; live C．living; live D．living; living 20.（24-25八年级下·江苏连云港·期中）Uncle Wang looks so fine these days. He ________ a lot, but he has given it up. A．used to smoking B．used to smoke C．gets used to smoke D．is used to smoking 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。 Joy in the journey Long long ago, two brothers decided to dig a big hole behind their house. As they 1 (dig), some young men stopped 2 (watch). “what are you doing?” asked one of the young men. “We want to dig a hole all the way through the earth!” one of the brothers 3 (reply). The young men began to laugh at them. They told them that their plan was quite silly and digging a hole all the way through the earth was 4 (possible). After some 5 (time), one of the brothers picked up a jar 6 (fill) with gold coins and then a bottle of different 7 (kind) of seeds which made their yard a beautiful garden later on. He showed the amazing things to others. Everyone was shocked. Then he said 8 (confident), “Even if we can’t dig through the earth, look at what we 9 (find ) along the way!” Their goal was too difficult to reach, but it did get them to dig. Not every goal will be reached at last. But when you can’t get to your goal, perhaps you can say to 10 (you) “So many great things have come into my life while I was doing something.” It is in the digging that life is lived. And there is more joy in the journey, sometimes than in the end. 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 一．填空 1.Full River Red(《满江红》) is 　　　　　(exciting) film I’ve ever seen.  2.　　　　　(luck)， her family members were all fine after the flood.  3.Some people think such a problem should be dealt with 　　　　　.(peace)  4.Nora would like to be a 　　　　　(社会的) worker when she grows up.  5.With the country’s 　　　　　(far) development， there is no doubt that China will do more for world peace.  6.This is the 　　　　　(tidy) room I have ever seen. I love it very much!  二．完成句子 1.（24-25八年级下·北京海淀·期末）他们过去常常为小事争吵，但现在相处得很好。 They argue with each other over small things, but now they get on well. 2.（24-25八年级下·重庆·期中）Life in the town used to be quiet and peaceful. (改为一般疑问句) life in the town to be quiet and peaceful? 3.（23-24八年级下·重庆·阶段练习）Why don’t you ask others for help if you can’t work it out yourself? (改为同义句) How others for help if you can’t work it out yourself? 4.（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）My brother has a good habit. He always does some reading before he goes to bed. （同义句） My brother is to some books before going to bed. 5.（24-25八年级上·江苏淮安·期中）Last weekend, it took my brother two hours to repair his bike. Last weekend, my brother two hours his bike. 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） [2024岳阳二模]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A video series（系列片） named Escape from the British Museum was released（发布） last year. It has caused a heated 1 （discuss） in China’s social media recently. Directed by a Chinese vlogger, the three-episode series tells a story of how a Chinese cultural relic（文物） escapes from the British Museum and finds 2 （it） way back to China. In the video series, the female vlogger 3 （play） the role of an ancient Chinese jade teapot（玉茶壶）, while her male（男性的） partner is a journalist 4 helps the teapot return to China. The 5 （video） were inspired by a netizen who suggested 6 （make） a video in memory of the ordeal（磨难） of Chinese cultural relics returning home from the UK. They said the story was based on historical facts and aimed to draw attention 7 the Chinese cultural relics held abroad. After watching the videos, the netizens 8 （humorous） remarked（评论） that the treasures in the museum must be feeling “homesick”. What 9 educational and creative story! It 10 （believe） that more great micro-dramas like Escape From the British Museum are worth looking forward to and they will become better and better. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $