内容正文:
Unit 1 Helping at home
专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练
语音、词汇、短语
基础知识
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
语音:字母组合“ch”的发音 (教材第5页)高频易错点01
发音规则:字母组合ch在单词中多发 /tʃ/ 音,如 China、chair、teacher
易错点提示
注意区分“ch”在不同单词中的发音,避免混淆。
1. /k/(多源于希腊语词源)
例词:school, chemistry, Christmas, stomach
☺记忆口诀:"科学学校过圣诞,化学胃痛/k/音现"
2. /ʃ/(多源于法语词源)
例词:machine, chef
小练笔
判断下列单词中“ch”的发音是(T)否(F)相同。
( )1. choose much ( )2. China Canada
( )3. school touch ( )4. child cheese
1.T choose 中 "ch" 发 /tʃ/,much 中 "ch" 也发 /tʃ/,二者发音相同。
2.F China 中 "ch" 发 /tʃ/,Canada 中 "c" 发 /k/,二者发音不同。
3.F school 中 "ch" 发 /k/,touch 中 "ch" 发 /tʃ/,二者发音不同。
4.T child 中 "ch" 发 /tʃ/,cheese 中 "ch" 也发 /tʃ/,二者发音相同。
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job的用法(教材第4页)高频易错点02
job可数名词,意为“工作;职业”。复数形式jobs。常见用法如下:
1. 询问职业:用于“What's sb.'s job?”句型,询问某人的职业。
例:—What's your father's job?你爸爸的职业是什么?
—He's a factory worker.他是一名工厂工人。
2. 描述职业:直接表示具体的工作岗位。
例:Mike's job is a doctor.迈克的工作是医生。
易错点提示
易混淆:job与work的区别
区别点
job工作
work工作
词性
可数名词,复数形式 jobs
不可数名词;也可作动词
用法
强调具体职业或岗位
强调工作内容或动作
例句
What's your father's job?
你爸爸的职业是什么?
He has a lot of work to do.他有很多工作要做。
She works in a hospital.她在医院工作。
小练笔
单项选择。
( )1.My mother's ______ is a doctor.
A. job B. work C. working
( )2.I have a lot of ______ to do today.
A. job B. work C. jobs
( )3.His ______ starts at 8:00 every morning.
A. job B. work C. works
( )4.My father goes to ______ at 7:30 every day. (work/job)
A. job B. work C. works
( )5.She is looking for a new ______. (work/job)
A. job B. work C. jobs
1.A解析:表示具体职业时用"job"。
2.B解析:"work"作为不可数名词,表示需要完成的工作。
3.B解析:这里指"工作开始",用"work"更合适。
4.B解析:固定搭配"go to work"表示去上班。
5.A解析:"找工作"用"look for a job"。
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情态动词 can 的用法(教材第7页)高频易错点03
1. 基本含义:表示 “能、会”,后接动词原形。
He can cook.他会做饭。
I can sweep the floor.我会扫地。
2. 句型结构:
肯定句:主语 + can + 动词原形
否定句:主语 + can't + 动词原形
一般疑问句:Can + 主语 + 动词原形?
例:Can you look after your sister?你能照顾你妹妹吗?
易错点提示
易错点:can 后接动词原形,不可加 "to"。
❌ 错误:She can to clean the room.
✅ 正确:She can clean the room.
小练笔
单项选择。
( )1.—______ you swim? —Yes, I ______.
A. Can; can B. Do; can C. Are; am
( )2.My little brother ______ read yet. He's only 3 years old.
A. can B. can't C. don't
( )3.Birds ______ fly in the sky.
A. can B. can't C. don't
( )4.—Can she climb hills? —No, she ______.
A. can B. can't C. does
( )5.—Can you play the erhu, Lisa?
—Yes, I can. But I ________ sing ________ dance.
A. can; and B. can’t; and C. can’t; or
1.A解析:情态动词can引导的一般疑问句,回答也用can。
2.B解析:表示"还不会"用can't。
3.A解析:表示鸟类具有飞行的能力。
4.B解析:以can开头的一般疑问句,否定回答用 “No, 主语 + can't”,这里问 “她能爬山吗”,否定回答是“不,她不能”,所以选 B。
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5.C解析:“But”表示转折,说明会拉二胡但是不会唱歌和跳舞,否定句中表示“和”用or,所以选C。
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too和also表示“也”的用法(教材第4&7页)高频易错点04
(1) too用于肯定句,通常放在句尾,前面可加逗号隔开。
例句:He likes apples, too.他也喜欢苹果。
I can swim, and she can swim, too.我会游泳,她也会。
(2) also “也”用于肯定句,放在实义动词前,be 动词、助动词、情态动词后。
例句:She also likes singing.(她也喜欢唱歌。→ 实义动词 likes 前)
He is also a student.(他也是一名学生。→ be 动词 is 后)
They can also speak French.(他们也会说法语。→ 情态动词 can 后)
易错点提示
易混淆:too, also和 either表示“也”的区别
(3) either用于否定句,放在句尾,前面常加逗号。
例句:I don’t like coffee, and she doesn’t like it, either.我不喜欢咖啡,她也不喜欢。
He can’t swim, either.他也不会游泳。
小练笔
选择正确的词填空。
too also either
1.I have a cat. My friend has a cat ______.
2.Tom doesn't like carrots, and I don't like them ______.
3.They ______ want to join the game.
4.I can swim, and she can swim ______.
1.too解析:“too” 用于肯定句末尾,符合语境,所以填 too。
2.either解析:either用于否定句末尾,符合否定句中 “也” 的表达,所以填 either。
3.also解析:also用于肯定句中,放在实义动词前,此处 “want” 是实义动词,“also” 放在其前,表达 “他们也想加入游戏”,因此填 also。
4.too解析:“too” 用于肯定句末尾,符合语境,所以填 too。
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help的用法(教材第9页)高频易错点05
· 动词用法:help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事to 可省略
例如:She helps me (to) cook.她帮我做饭。
· 短语搭配:help at home 在家帮忙
help with sth. 帮忙做某事后接名词
例:He helps with the chores.他帮忙做家务。
易错点提示
易错点:不可说 "help sb. doing sth.",需用动词原形。
小练笔
单项选择。
( )1.My mother helps me ______ my homework.
A. do B. doing C. does
( )2.Can you help ______ the housework?
A. with B. to C. for
( )3.We should help ______ at home.
A. to B. / C. with
1.A解析:help sb. (to) do sth. 结构中,to可省略,但必须用动词原形。
2.A解析:help with sth. 是固定搭配,后接名词。
3.B解析:help at home 是固定短语,中间不加介词。
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综合训练
一、判断下列单词中“ch”的发音是(T)否(F)相同。
( )1. chair teacher
( )2. school chemistry
( )3. machine child
( )4.chess chicken
( )5.Christmas teacher
二、选词填空。
1.My father goes to ______ at 7:30 every day. (work/job)
2.She is looking for a new ______. (work/job)
3.I can swim, and she can swim ______.(too/also)
4.He ______ (too/also)wants to join the club.
5.She often helps her mother ______ (cook/cooking) dinner.
6.Let me help you ______ (with/to) your English.
三、单项选择。
( )1.My sister’s ______ is a nurse. She loves her ______ very much.
A. job; work B. work; job C. job; job
( )2.—Can you ______ me clean the windows?
—Sure! I often help ______ housework at home.
A. to; with B. /; with C. /; to
( )3.Tom ______ speak French, and his brother can ______.
A. can; too B. can’t; either C. can; also
四、找出句子中的错误并改正。
1.She can to wash the dishes after dinner.
→ ___________________________________________
2.I don’t like onions, and my sister doesn’t like it too.
→ ___________________________________________
3.My brother has a work in a factory.
→ ___________________________________________
4.I can playing the guitar.
→ ___________________________________________
5.I like cats. My brother likes also cats.
→ ___________________________________________
6.He helps me doing the dishes.
→ ___________________________________________
五、句型转换。
1.I can play basketball.(改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ play basketball?
2.She can sing well.(改为否定句)
She ______ ______ well.
3.—Can they swim?(作肯定回答)
—Yes, ______ ______.
4.She helps me clean the room.(改为同义句)
She helps me ______ the cleaning.
5.Can you help with the cooking?(用动词形式改写)
Can you help ______?
6.can/What/you/do(连词成句)
______________________________________?
六、补全对话,每空一词。
A: What’s your mother’s ______?
B: She’s a teacher. She ______ at a school.
A: Can she cook well?
B: Yes! And she ______ helps me with my homework.
七、阅读短文,用can或can't填空:
Tom is 8 years old. He (1) ______ swim very well. He (2) ______ ride a bike too. But he (3) ______ drive a car. His sister Amy (4) ______ dance beautifully. She (5) ______ sing English songs.
参考答案
一、1.T都发/tʃ/
2.T都发/k/
3.F machine发/ʃ/,child发/tʃ/
4.T均发 /tʃ/
5.F Christmas 发 /k/,teacher 发 /tʃ/
二、1.work解析:固定搭配"go to work"表示去上班。
2.job解析:"找工作"用"look for a job"。
3.too解析:句尾,肯定句,用 too。
4.also解析:实义动词 wants 前,用 also。
5.cook解析:help sb. (to) do结构中to可省略。
6.with解析:help with后接名词English。
三、1.A解析:第一空填“job”表职业,第二空填“work”表工作内容。
2.B 解析:help sb. do sth. 和 help with sth. 是固定搭配。
3.C 解析:also 用于句中实义动词前,表示“也”。
四、1.去掉“to”,解析:情态动词 can 后接动词原形。
2.too改为either,解析:否定句中“也”用 either。
3.把work改为job,解析:"work"是不可数名词,不能与"a"连用。
4.把playing改为play,解析:情态动词后接动词原形。
5.把likes also改为also likes,解析:also 应放在实义动词 likes 前。
6.helps me doing改为help me (to) do 解析:help后接动词原形,不能接doing形式。
五、1.Can you
2.can't sing
3.they can
4.with解析:help sb. do sth.=help sb. with sth.
5.(to) cook解析:help with sth.=help (to) do sth.
6.What can you do?
六、1.job 2. works 3. also
七、1.can 2.can 3.can't 4.can 5.can
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
询问职业的句型 高频易错点01
· 句型:What + is/are + 某人's + job?
例如:What's your father's job?
· 回答:He/She is a + 职业名词.
例如:He's a factory worker.
· 职业名词举例:farmer, nurse, doctor, office worker, teacher
易错点提示
1. 注意区分询问职业和询问特征:
What's your mother's job? 询问职业
What's your mother like? 询问性格或外貌
2. 职业名词前需加不定冠词 a/an:
例如:She is a doctor.
小练笔
根据中文或图片提示补全对话。
A: What's your ________(爸爸) job?
B: He's a ________.
A: Is your mother a nurse?
B: No, she ________. She's a ________.
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第一空:“爸爸”的英文是“father”,此处“爸爸的工作”,要用名词所有格形式father's。
第二空:根据图片中人物拿着农具的形象,可知对应的职业是farmer(农民),a后接可数名词单数,所以填farmer。
第三空:对于一般疑问句“Is your mother a nurse?”的否定回答,结构是“No, 主语 + isn't” ,这里主语是“she”,所以填“isn't” 。
第四空:从图片中人物在黑板前的形象,能判断职业是 “teacher(教师)”,“a”后接可数名词单数,故填“teacher” 。
职业名词前冠词的用法高频易错点02
不定冠词 a 和 an 用于单数可数职业名词前,表示 “一个”。
(1) a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,例如:a doctor 一名医生;a farmer 一位农民。
(2) an 用于元音音素开头的单词前,例如:an office worker 一名办公室职员。
注意:复数职业名词前不用 a/an,可用 some 等词修饰
例如:some factory workers 一些工厂工人
易错点提示
要注意区分单词的首字母发音是辅音音素还是元音音素,而不是看首字母是辅音字母还是元音字母。
例如:an hour 一个小时(“hour” 首字母 h 不发音,以元音音素开头)
a university 一所大学(“university” 首字母 u 发辅音音素)。
小练笔
用 a 或 an 填空。
1.My father is ______ factory worker.
2.She is ______ office worker.
3.He wants to be ______ doctor.
4.There is ______ nurse in the room.
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1.a 解析:“factory” 是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用 a。
2.an 解析:“office” 是以元音音素开头的单词,所以用 an。
3.a 解析:“doctor” 是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用 a。
4.a 解析:“nurse” 是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用 a。
描述某人能做某事的表达高频易错点03
句型“主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他。”描述某人能做某事。其中,can 是情态动词,意为 “能;会”,后接动词原形。
例如:I can clean my room.
She can do some chores.
拓展:
· 否定句:主语 + cannot (can't) + 动词原形 + 其他。
例如:He can't sweep the floor.
· 一般疑问句:Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + can.
否定回答:No, 主语 + can't.
例如:—Can you help? —Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
易错点提示
(1) can 后必须接动词原形,不能加 to 或 -ing 形式。
错误:She can to cook. ❌
正确:She can cook. ✅
(2) 否定形式 cannot 缩写为 can't,注意拼写。
(3) can 没有人称和数的变化,无论主语是第几人称,单数还是复数,can 都保持不变。
例如:He can draw. 他会画画。
They can sing. 他们会唱歌。
小练笔
用 can 的适当形式填空。
1.I ______ cook delicious food.
2.______ she clean the room?
3.They ______ not sweep the floor.
4.My brother ______ look after his pet dog.
1.can 解析:主语是 I,can 用原形,意为 “我会做美味的食物”。
2.Can 解析:此句是一般疑问句,can 置于句首,首字母大写,意为 “她会打扫房间吗”。
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3.can 解析:否定句中,can 后加 not,缩写为 can't,此处填 can,构成 can not,意为 “他们不会扫地”。
4.can 解析:主语是 My brother,为第三人称单数,can 无变化,意为 “我的哥哥会照顾他的宠物狗”。
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某人拥有某物的用法(have/has)高频易错点04
句型“主语+have/has+某物.”表达“某人拥有某物”。其中have意为“有”,has是have的第三人称单数,两者用法区别如下:
(1) have 用于第一人称(I, we)、第二人称(you)及复数主语(they, 复数名词)。
例句:I have a happy family.
They have a new pet.
(2) has 用于第三人称单数(he, she, it, 单数名词)。
例句:She has a red bag.
My father has a blue car.
(3) 注意缩写形式:I have = I've
He has = He's(需与 "He is" 区分上下文)。
(4) 否定句:在 have/has 后加 not 或缩写为 haven't/hasn't。
例句:I don't have a brother. (口语更常用)
She doesn't have a cat.
(5) 一般疑问句:将 Do/Does 提到句首,动词还原为原形 have。
例句:Do you have a sister?
Does he have a toy?
易错点提示
· 混淆 have/has 的主语搭配,尤其是第三人称单数(如误用 "He have..." ❌)。
· 疑问句中第三人称单数用 Does,但动词 has 需还原为 have(如 "Does she has...?" ❌ → "Does she have...?" ✅)。
小练笔
一、用 have/has 填空:
1.My grandparents ________ a big garden.
2.Tom ________ a new bike.
3.We ________ many books.
二、句型转换。
1.She has a dog.(改为否定句)
→ ______________________________.
2.They have a picnic.(改为一般疑问句)
→ ______________________________?
一、1.have解析:主语My grandparents是复数,复数主语表示“拥有”时,用have。
2.has解析:主语Tom是第三人称单数,第三人称单数主语表示“拥有”时,用has。
3.have解析:主语We是第一人称复数,复数主语表示 “拥有” 用have。
二、1.She doesn't have a dog.
解析:原句主语She是第三人称单数,变否定句时,要借助助动词doesn't,且原来的has要变回原形have,即“doesn't + 动词原形”的结构来构成否定 。
2.Do they have a picnic?
解析:原句主语 “They” 是复数,变一般疑问句时,借助助动词 “Do”,并将其置于句首,原来的动词 “have” 保持原形,构成 “Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他” 的一般疑问句结构 。
综合训练
一、单项选择(共10题,每题1分)
( )1.—What’s your aunt’s ______?
—She’s ______ nurse.
A. job; a B. like; an C. job; an
( )2.My brother ______ a blue bike. He rides it every day.
A. have B. has C. is
( )3.—______ you sweep the floor?
—Yes, I ______.
A. Can; can B. Do; do C. Are; am
( )4.Look! This is ______ office worker. She works in a tall building.
A. a B. an C. the
( )5.—Does Tom ______ a pet cat?
—No, he ______.
A. has; doesn’t B. have; doesn’t C. has; isn’t
( )6.My grandparents ______ a big farm. They grow vegetables there.
A. has B. have C. is
( )7.—Is your mother a doctor?
—______. She’s a teacher.
A. Yes, she is B. No, she isn’t C. No, she doesn’t
( )8.—Can your sister cook?
—______. She’s only five years old.
A. Yes, she can B. No, she can’t C. No, she isn’t
( )9.—What’s your father like?
—______.
A. He’s a farmer B. He’s tall and kind C. He can drive a car
( )10.The boy can ______.
A. sweep the floor B. cook dinner C. look after a baby
二、用所给词的适当形式填空(共10题,每题1分)
11.My uncle ______ (have) a red car.
12.—______ (Do) your parents have a garden? —Yes, they ______ (do).
13.She can ______ (clean) her room every Sunday.
14.—What’s your mother’s job? —She ______ (be) a nurse.
15.They ______ (not have) any pets at home.
16.My father is ______ (a/an) doctor.
17.—Can your brother swim? —No, he ______ (can).
18.We ______ (have) a happy family.
19.The cat ______ (not can) fly!
20.—______ (Be) your teacher strict? —Yes, she ______ (be).
三、句型转换(共10题,每题1.5分)
21. She has a new doll.(改为一般疑问句)
______ she ______ a new doll?
22.They can cook dinner.(改为一般疑问句)
______ they ______ dinner?
23. He has a robot.(改为否定句)
He ______ ______ a robot.
My sister can dance.(改为否定句)
My sister ______ ______.
25. My mother is a teacher.(对划线部分提问)
______ your mother’s ______?
26.They have three rabbits.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ they have?
四、根据图片提示完成句子。
27. The girl can ______ the ______.
28.The boy ______ ______ his dogs.
五、合并句子
29. I have a cat. It is white.
I have a ______ ______.
30.She can sing. She can dance.
She can ______ ______ ______.
六、补全对话(共5题,每题2分)
31.—______ your father’s job? —He’s a farmer.
32.—______ you help at home?
—Yes, I can sweep the floor.
33.—Does your sister ______ a bike? —No, she ______.
34.—What’s your brother ______?
—He’s tall and funny.
35.—Is your mother ______ office worker?
—No, she’s ______ nurse.
参考答案
1-5: ABABB
6-10: BBBBA
11. has
12. Do; do
13. clean
14. is
15. don’t have
16. a
17. can’t
18. have
19. can’t
20. Is; is
21. Does; have
22. Can; cook
23. doesn’t have
24. can’t dance
25. What’s; job
26. What do
27. clean; window
28. looks after
29. white cat
30. sing and dance
31. What’s
32. Can
33. have; doesn’t
34. like
35. an; a
Unit 2 My friends
专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练
语音、词汇、短语
基础知识
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
语音:字母组合“sh”的发音 (教材第17页)高频易错点01
发音规则:字母组合sh在单词中常发/ʃ/音(清辅音)
如:share /ʃeə(r)/、shop /ʃɒp/、fish /fɪʃ/、she /ʃiː/、ship /ʃɪp/
易错点提示
(1) sh是固定字母组合,需作为整体发音 /ʃ/,不可拆分为"s"和"h"分别发音。
错误:将fish读成 /fɪs h/(❌)
正确:/fɪʃ/(✅)。
(2) 注意与"ch"发音(/tʃ/)的区别,如 "chair"(/tʃeə(r)/)中的 "ch" 发音更有力,而 "share" 中的 "sh" 发音更轻柔。
小练笔
判断画线部分的发音是否相同,相同的写“T”,不同的写“F”。
( )1.fish shine ( )2.small shop
( )3.chores shoo ( )4.shell English
( )5.sheep thin
1.fish 和shine 中字母组合sh 都发/ʃ/ 的音,故填T。
2.small 中字母s 发/s/ 的音;shop 中字母组合sh 发/ʃ/ 的音,故填F。
3.chores 中字母组合ch 发/tʃ/ 的音;shoo 中字母组合sh 发/ʃ/ 的音,故填F。
4.shell 和English 中字母组合sh 都发/ʃ/ 的音,故填T。
5.sheep 中字母组合sh 发/ʃ/ 的音;thin 中字母组合th 发/θ/ 的音,故填F。
点
拨
描述朋友的形容词用法(教材第16/17页)高频易错点02
描述朋友外貌或性格的形容词及用法:
1. 分类
· 外貌:tall(高的)、short(矮的)、strong(强壮的)、thin(瘦的)、long hair(长发)、short hair(短发)
· 性格:kind(友善的)、quiet(安静的)、funny(有趣的)
2. 句型:主语 + be 动词 + 形容词.
如:He is tall and strong.他又高又强壮。
3. 句型:主语 + have/has + 名词短语.
如:She has long hair.她有长头发。
易错点提示
(1) 形容词前需用 be 动词(am/is/are),不可直接说 "He tall."(错误),正确为 "He is tall."。
(2) "has" 用于第三人称单数(he/she/it),"have" 用于第一、二人称或复数,如:
错误:She have short hair.(❌)
正确:She has short hair.(✅)
小练笔
请你根据介绍,帮忙将好友名字写在相对应的横线上吧。
Bella John Sam Sarah
1. My friend is strong. He's also kind. He is __________.
2. Look My friend has nice short hair and big eyes. She is __________.
3. She is tall. She has long black hair. She is __________.
4. He has short hair. He is short. He is __________.
1.John解析:句中主语是He,描述为“强壮且善良”。选项中男性名字为John和Sam,结合第4题对另一位男性“个子矮”的描述,可推断此处为John。
2.Bella解析:句中主语是She,描述为“漂亮的短发和大眼睛”。选项中女性名字为Bella 和 Sarah,结合第3题对另一位女性“黑色长发”的描述,可推断此处为Bella(短发对应)。
3.Sarah解析:句中主语是She,描述为 “高个子且有黑色长发”。结合第2题对女性“短发”的描述,可推断此处为Sarah(长发对应)。
4.Sam解析:句中主语是He,描述为“短发且个子矮”。选项中男性名字仅剩Sam,与描述匹配。
点
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have与has的用法(教材第16/20页)高频易错点03
动词 have 和 has 均表示 “有”,用于描述 “拥有某人或某物”,区别在于主语的人称和数:
· have 用于第一人称(I)、第二人称(you)及复数主语(we/they/ 复数名词):
例如:I have an uncle. I have an aunt.我有一个叔叔。我有一个阿姨。
They have two cousins too.他们也有两个表兄弟姐妹。
· has 用于第三人称单数主语(he/she/it/ 单数名词):
例如:He has short hair.他留着短发。
She has long hair.她留着长发。
易错点提示
(1) 第三人称单数主语必须用 has,不可用 have,如:
错误:She have a new friend.(❌)
正确:She has a new friend.(✅)
(2) 复数主语必须用 have,不可用 has,如:
错误:They has long hair.(❌)
正确:They have long hair.(✅)
小练笔
用 have 或 has 填空。
1.I ______ a good friend.
2.He ______ short hair and big eyes.
3.They ______ a happy family.
4.My mother ______ a kind heart.
5.We ______ fun together.
1.have 解析:主语是第一人称 I,用 have。
2.has 解析:主语 he 是第三人称单数,用 has。
3.have 解析:主语 they 是复数,用 have。
4.has 解析:主语 my mother 是第三人称单数,用 has。
5.have 解析:主语 we 是复数,用 have。
点
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动词第三人称单数形式(教材第19/20页)高频易错点04
当句子的主语是第三人称单数(如 he、she、it 以及单数名词、不可数名词等)时,谓语动词需要发生相应的变化,变化规则如下:
1. 一般情况下,直接加 - s
例:work → works工作,play → plays玩,like → likes喜欢
2. 以 - s, -x, -ch, -sh 或 - o 结尾的动词,加 - es
例:pass → passes通过,fix → fixes修理,watch → watches观看
go → goes去,do → does做
3. 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的动词,变 y 为 i 再加 - es
例:study → studies学习,fly → flies飞,try → tries尝试
(注:以 “元音字母 + y” 结尾的动词,直接加 - s,如:play → plays, stay → stays)
拓展:不规则变化
少数动词的第三人称单数形式是不规则的,需要特殊记忆:
be → is(是)
have → has(有)
易错点提示
(1) 第三人称单数主语后,动词必须变形式,不可用原形,如:
错误:He play games with me.(❌)
正确:He plays games with me.(✅)
(2) 复数主语(we/they/ 复数名词)后动词用原形,如:They read books together.
小练笔
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Zhang Peng often ______ (help) his friends with their lessons.
2.Sarah ______ (have) long hair and she is very kind.
3.My best friend ______ (read) books with me every weekend.
4.Tim ______ (be) tall and thin, and he ______ (like) playing football.
5.Lily ______ (be) quiet, and she often ______ (make) her classmates smile.
6.The boy ______ (play) games with his friends after school.
7.She ______ (has) short hair.
8.He ______ (share) his toys with his friends.
9.My friend ______ (help) me with English every day.
10.Chen Jie ______ (be) funny, and she often ______ (make) people laugh.
解析:本题主要考查动词第三人称单数的变化规则。一般情况下,动词变第三人称单数直接加 - s,如 help→helps、read→reads;以 - ch、-sh、-s、-x、-o 结尾的动词加 - es,但本题中涉及的 "sh" 相关动词如 share→shares 是特殊变化;have 的第三人称单数是 has;be 动词的第三人称单数是 is。
答案:1.helps 2.has 3.reads 4.is;likes 5.is;makes
6.plays 7.has 8.shares 9.helps 10.is;makes
点
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频度副词often的用法(教材第19/20页)高频易错点05
often表示 “经常”,用于描述习惯性动作,位置规则:
· 实义动词前:He often reads books with me.他经常和我一起读书。
· be 动词后:She is often quiet.她经常很安静。
易错点提示
(1) often不可放在句首或句尾(小学阶段),需紧跟主语后、实义动词前,如:
错误:He reads often books with me.(❌)
正确:He often reads books with me.(✅)
(2) 与can连用时,放在can后:
She can often help me.她经常能帮我。
小练笔
判断句子正误,错误的打(×)并改正。
( )1. She often is kind to others.
( )2. He reads books often with his friend.
( )3. They often play football together.
1.× 改为:She is often kind to others. 解析:"often" 应放在 be 动词 is 后。
2.× 改为:He often reads books with his friend. 解析:"often" 应放在实义动词 reads 前。
3.√ 解析:"often" 放在实义动词 play 前,位置正确。
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人称代词与物主代词高频易错点06
一、概念区分
1.人称代词:指代人或事物,在句中作主语或宾语
如:he他、she她、they他们。
2.物主代词:表示所属关系,用来修饰名词
如:his他的、her她的、their他们的。
二、课本中的典型用法
1.人称代词主格,作主语
人称
单数
复数
课本例句
第一人称
I我
we我们
I have a new friend.我有一个新朋友。
We often play games together.我们经常一起玩游戏。
第二人称
you你/你们
you你们
Who's your best friend?你最好的朋友是谁?
第三人称
he他、she她、it它
they他们
He's tall and strong.他又高又壮。
She has long hair.她留着长发。
They help each other.他们互相帮助。
2.物主代词形容词性,修饰名词
人称
单数
复数
课本例句
第一人称
my我的
our我们的
My friends are special.我的朋友们很特别。
Our favorite game is football.我们最喜欢的游戏是足球。
第二人称
your你的/你们的
your你们的
What's your friend's name?你朋友叫什么名字?
第三人称
his他的、her她的、its它的
their他们的
His name is Zhang Peng.他的名字是张鹏。
Her hair is long.她的头发很长。
Their favorite books are animal books.他们最喜欢的书是动物书。
易错点提示
(1) 人称代词主格不可直接修饰名词:
错误:She name is Chen Jie.❌
正确:Her name is Chen Jie.✅,用物主代词 her 修饰 name
(2) 物主代词后必须接名词,不可单独作主语:
错误:My is a student.❌
正确:I am a student.✅,用人称代词主格 I 作主语
(3) 第三人称单数性别区分:
男性用 he/his,如:He is tall. His hair is short.
女性用 she/her,如:She is kind. Her hair is long.
小练笔
用适当的人称代词或物主代词填空。
1.______ is Liu Jia. ______ is tall. ______ hair is long.
2.Tom and Lucy are friends. ______ often play games together. ______ favorite activity is reading.
3.—Who's ______ best friend?
—______ is Zhang Peng. ______ helps me with English.
1.She;She;Her 解析:第一、二空指代女性,用 she 作主语;第三空修饰 hair,用 her。
2.They;Their 解析:第一空指代复数主语 Tom and Lucy,用 they 作主语;第二空修饰 activity,用 their。
3.your;He;He 解析:第一空问 “你的朋友”,用 your;第二、三空指代男性 Zhang Peng,用 he 作主语。
点
拨
综合训练
一、判断下列单词中字母组合 "sh" 的发音是(T)否(F)相同(5 分)
( )1. share fish
( )2. shop ship
( )3. she short
( )4. shell chair
( )5. wash push
二、用所给词的适当形式填空(10 分)
1.My best friend ______ (have) short hair and big eyes.
2.Zhang Peng often ______ (help) me with my English.
3.They ______ (play) football together every weekend.
4.She ______ (be) kind, and she always ______ (make) me smile.
5.Liu Jia ______ (read) books with me after school.
三、单项选择(10 分)
( )1. —______ is your best friend? —Chen Jie.
A. Who B. What C. How
( )2. My friend ______ tall and strong. He ______ short hair.
A. is;has B. has;is C. is;have
( )3. —What does your friend look like? —______
A. He likes reading. B. He is funny. C. He has long hair.
( )4. She often ______ games with me.
A. play B. plays C. playing
( )5. ______ name is Tom. ______ is tall and thin.
A. His;He B. He;His C. Her;She
四、改正错误句子(5 分)
1.She have a best friend.
→ ____________________
2.He often play football with me.
→ ____________________
3.Her is kind and funny.
→ ____________________
4.My friend is often helps me.
→ ____________________
5.They has short hair.
→ ____________________
五、用适当的人称代词或物主代词填空(5 分)
1.______ is my best friend. ______ name is Lily, and ______ has long hair.
2.Tom and Lucy are in the same class. ______ often help each other with ______ lessons.
六、根据句意选择正确的短语填空(5 分)
short hair;tall and strong;help me with English;make me smile;play games together
1.My brother is __________________, so he can carry heavy things.
2.Linda has __________________, and she looks very cute.
3.My friend often __________________ when I'm sad.
4.We __________________ after school every day.
5.Zhang Peng is good at English,so he often __________________.
七、按要求改写句子(5 分)
1.She has long hair.(改为一般疑问句)
→ _________________________________________________
2.He often plays football with me.(改为否定句)
→ _________________________________________________
3.My friend is kind and funny.(对划线部分提问)
→ _________________________________________________
参考答案
一、
1.T 解析:share 和 fish 中的 "sh" 均发 /ʃ/,发音相同。
2.T 解析:shop 和 ship 中的 "sh" 均发 /ʃ/,发音相同。
3.T 解析:she 和 short 中的 "sh" 均发 /ʃ/,发音相同。
4.F 解析:shell 中的 "sh" 发 /ʃ/,chair 中的 "ch" 发 /tʃ/,发音不同。
5.T 解析:wash 和 push 中的 "sh" 均发 /ʃ/,发音相同。
二、
1.has 解析:主语 "my best friend" 是第三人称单数,"有" 用 has。
2.helps 解析:主语 "Zhang Peng" 是第三人称单数,动词 help 加 s。
3.play 解析:主语 "they" 是复数,动词用原形 play。
4.is;makes 解析:主语 "she" 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is;make 加 s。
5.reads 解析:主语 "Liu Jia" 是第三人称单数,动词 read 加 s。
三、
1.A 解析:询问 "谁是你最好的朋友" 用 who。
2.A 解析:"tall and strong" 是形容词,前用 is;"short hair" 是名词短语,前用 has(主语是第三人称单数)。
3.C 解析:"look like" 询问外貌,C 选项 "He has long hair."(他留长发)符合。
4.B 解析:主语 "she" 是第三人称单数,动词 play 加 s。
5.A 解析:Tom 是男孩,第一空修饰 name 用 His;第二空作主语用 He。
四、
1.She has a best friend. 解析:主语 "she" 是第三人称单数,"有" 用 has。
2.He often plays football with me. 解析:主语 "he" 是第三人称单数,动词 play 加 s。
3.She is kind and funny. 解析:主语用 She(人称代词主格),Her 是物主代词,不可作主语。
4.My friend often helps me. 解析:去掉 is,实义动词 helps 可直接作谓语。
5.They have short hair. 解析:主语 "they" 是复数,"有" 用 have。
五、
1.She;Her;she 解析:第一空指代女性朋友,用主格 She;第二空修饰 name,用物主代词 Her;第三空作主语,仍用 she。
2.They;their 解析:第一空指代复数主语 Tom and Lucy,用主格 They;第二空修饰 lessons,用物主代词 their。
六、
1.tall and strong 解析:根据 “能搬重物”,对应 “又高又壮”。
2.short hair 解析:“有短发” 符合 “看起来可爱” 的描述。
3.makes me smile 解析:“在我难过时” 对应 “让我开心”。
4.play games together 解析:“放学后” 对应 “一起玩游戏”。
5.helps me with English 解析:“擅长英语” 对应 “帮我学英语”。
七、
1.Does she have long hair? 解析:主语是第三人称单数,一般疑问句借助助动词 Does,动词 has 还原为 have。
2.He doesn't often play football with me. 解析:主语是第三人称单数,否定句借助助动词 doesn't,动词 plays 还原为 play。
3.What is your friend like? 解析:对性格特征提问用 “What is...like?”。
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
描述朋友外貌与性格的句型 高频易错点01
· 描述外貌 / 性格(用 be 动词):
句型:主语 + be动词 + 形容词.
例:He is tall and strong.他又高又壮。
She is kind and funny.她既友善又有趣。
· 描述特征(用 have/has):
句型:主语 + have/has + 名词短语.
例:She has long hair.她留着长发。
He has big eyes.他有大大的眼睛。
易错点提示
(1) 形容词前必须用 be 动词,不可直接接名词短语,如:
错误:He tall.(❌)
正确:He is tall.(✅)
(2) have/has 表示 “拥有”,第三人称单数用 has,复数或第一、二人称用 have,如:
错误:She have short hair.(❌)
正确:She has short hair.(✅)
小练笔
一、单项选择。
( )1. My friend ______ quiet and kind.
A. am B. is C. are
( )2. They ______ big eyes and small mouths.
A. have B. has C. is
二、改正错误句子。
1.He has tall and thin.
→ ________________________________________________
2.She is long hair.
→ ________________________________________________
点
拨
一、1.B 解析:主语 “my friend” 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is。
2.A 解析:主语 “they” 是复数,“拥有” 用 have。
二、1. He is tall and thin. 解析:“tall and thin” 是形容词,需用be 动词 is,不用 has。
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2. She has long hair. 解析:“long hair” 是名词短语,需用 has 表示 “拥有”,不用 is。
描述与朋友一起做的活动(动词第三人称单数)高频易错点02
句型:主语 + 动词原形/第三人称单数 + 其他.
· 复数主语 / 第一、二人称:动词用原形
如:We play football together.我们一起踢足球。
· 第三人称单数:动词加 s/es
如:He reads books with me.他和我一起读书。
· 常见活动短语:
read books with me(和我一起读书)、play games together(一起玩游戏)、help with English(帮我学英语)
拓展:第三人称单数的变化规则如下:
(1) 一般情况下,直接加 - s
例:work → works工作,play → plays玩,like → likes喜欢
(2) 以 - s, -x, -ch, -sh 或 - o 结尾的动词,加 - es
例:pass → passes通过,fix → fixes修理,watch → watches观看
go → goes去,do → does做
(3) 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的动词,变 y 为 i 再加 - es
例:study → studies学习,fly → flies飞,try → tries尝试
(注:以 “元音字母 + y” 结尾的动词,直接加 - s,如:play → plays, stay → stays)
(4) 少数动词的第三人称单数形式是不规则的,需要特殊记忆:
be → is(是),have → has(有)
易错点提示
(1) 第三人称单数主语后,动词必须变形式(加 s/es),如:
错误:She play games with me.(❌)
正确:She plays games with me.(✅)
(2) 频度副词(如 often)位于实义动词前,be 动词后,如:
He often helps me.他经常帮助我。
小练笔
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.My friend ______ (read) books with me every evening.
2.She ______ (help) me with English when I'm confused.
3.Tom ______ (play) football with his classmates after school.
4.My sister ______ (make) me smile when I'm sad.
5.He ______ (share) his toys with his friends.
6.Liu Jia ______ (have) a new storybook.
7.The boy ______ (like) drawing pictures with his best friend.
8.Our teacher ______ (often tell) us stories about true friendship.
点
拨
1.reads 解析:主语 “my friend” 是第三人称单数,动词 read 后加 s。
2.helps 解析:主语 “she” 是第三人称单数,动词 help 后加 s。
3.plays 解析:主语 “Tom” 是第三人称单数,动词 play 后加 s。
4.makes 解析:主语 “my sister” 是第三人称单数,动词 make 后加 s。
5.shares 解析:主语 “he” 是第三人称单数,动词 share 后加 s。
6.has 解析:主语 “Liu Jia” 是第三人称单数,have 的第三人称单数形式是 has。
7.likes 解析:主语 “the boy” 是第三人称单数,动词 like 后加 s。
8.often tells 解析:主语 “our teacher” 是第三人称单数,动词 tell 后加 s,频度副词 often 位于动词前。
特殊疑问句(询问朋友相关信息)高频易错点03
· 询问 “谁是你的朋友”:Who's your friend?
答语:He/She is + 姓名。例:He is Zhang Peng.
· 询问 “朋友是什么样的”(外貌 / 性格):What's your friend like?
答语:He/She is + 形容词。例:She is kind.
· 询问 “朋友有什么特征”:What does your friend look like?
答语:He/She has + 名词短语。例:He has short hair.
易错点提示
(1) 区分 “Who”(问人)和 “What”(问特征),如:
错误:What's your friend?(❌)
正确:Who's your friend?(✅)
(2) “What's...like?” 既问性格也问外貌,“look like” 仅问外貌,如:
—What's she like? —She is tall and funny.她又高又有趣。
—What does she look like? —She has long hair.她留长发。
小练笔
1. —____________ your best friend?
—She is Chen Jie.
2. —____________ your friend like?
—He is tall and strong.
3. —____________ your friend look like?
—She has big eyes.
1.Who's 解析:答语是人,用 who 提问。
2.What's 解析:答语是性格 / 外貌形容词,用 “What's...like?”。
3.What does 解析:答语是外貌特征(名词短语),用 “What does...look like?”。
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人称代词与物主代词高频易错点04
一、人称代词的概念及用法:
1.人称代词是一类代词,用于代替具体的人或事物。
2.用法:一个句子的主语用人称代词主格;如果是介词或动词后需要用人称代词宾格形式。
二、物主代词的概念及用法:
1.物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,也叫人称代词的所有格。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
2.用法:
(1)形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性,用在名词前,起修饰作用,表示“某人的”。
例: This is my book.这是我的书。
(2)名词性物主代词:起名词的作用,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。
例: This book is mine.这本书是我的。
= This is my book.这是我的书。
注意:如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词,就不能再用冠词(a, an, the)或指示代词(this, that,these, those)等词。
三、分类:
人称
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一人称
I(am)我(是)
me我
my我的
mine我的
we(are)我们(是)
us我们
our我们的
ours我们的
第二人称
you(are)你(是)
you你
your你的
yours你的
you(are)你们(是)
you你们
your你们的
yours你们的
第三人称
he(is)他(是)
him他
his他的
his他的
she(is)她(是)
her她
her她的
hers她的
it(is)它(是)
it它
its它的
its它的
they(are)她/它/他们(是)
them她/它/他们
their她/它/他们的
theirs她/它/他们的
易错点提示
(4) 人称代词主格不可直接修饰名词:
错误:She name is Chen Jie.❌
正确:Her name is Chen Jie.✅,用物主代词 her 修饰 name
(5) 物主代词后必须接名词,不可单独作主语:
错误:My is a student.❌
正确:I am a student.✅,用人称代词主格 I 作主语
小练笔
从括号内选择正确的单词完成句子或对话。
1.—Are ________(you / your) Miss White?
—Yes,________(I/ me) am.
2.—I'm Joe. What's ________(yours/your) name?
—________(I/ My) name is Mike.
3. ________(We / Our) are good friends.
4. ________(Their / They) are my parents. I often cook with (them/they).
5. These toys are ________(mine/my).
6. This book isn't ________(yours/your). It is ________(her/ hers).
1.解析:第一空需主格人称代词作主语,you是主格;第二空am前需主格I,me是宾格,故分别选you和I。
2.解析:第一空修饰名词name,需形容词性物主代词 your(yours 是名词性物主代词,后不接名词);第二空修饰 name,需形容词性物主代词 My(I 是主格,不可修饰名词),故分别选 your 和 My。
3.解析:需主格人称代词作主语,We 是主格(Our 是形容词性物主代词,后需接名词),故选 We。
4.解析:第一空需主格作主语,They 是主格(Their 是形容词性物主代词);第二空 with 是介词,后接宾格 them(they 是主格,不可作宾语),故分别选 They 和 them。
5.解析:需名词性物主代词(后不接名词),mine 相当于 “my toys”;my 是形容词性物主代词,后需接名词,故选 mine。
6.解析:第一空后无名词,需名词性物主代词 yours(your 是形容词性物主代词,后接名词);第二空后无名词,需名词性物主代词 hers(her 是形容词性物主代词,后接名词),故分别选 yours 和 hers。
综合训练
一、单项选择(10 分)
( )1. —______ is your best friend? —Liu Jia.
A. What B. Who C. How
( )2. My friend ______ long hair and she ______ quiet.
A. has; is B. is; has C. has; has
( )3. He often ______ books with me.
A. read B. reads C. reading
( )4. —______ your friend like? —He is funny.
A. What's B. What does C. Who's
( )5. —Can she play football? —______. She's too short.
A. Yes, she can B. No, she can't C. No, she isn't
二、用所给词的适当形式填空(10 分)
1.Tom ______ (be) tall. He ______ (have) a big nose.
2.They ______ (often play) games together.
3.My sister ______ (can not) swim, but she ______ (can) dance.
4.—What ______ (do) your friend look like?
—He ______ (have) short hair.
三、句型转换(10 分)
1.She has long hair.(改为一般疑问句)
→ ________________________________________
2.He is kind.(对划线部分提问)
→ ________________________________________
3.We can read books together.(改为否定句)
→ ________________________________________
四、补全对话(10 分)
A: I have a new friend.
B: ______ is he?
A: He is Wu Yifan.
B: ______ he like?
A: He is tall and thin. He ______ short hair.
B: ______ he ______ football?
A: Yes, he can. We often ______ football together.
五、用人称代词或物主代词补全短文。
This is John.1. __________ is my good friend.2. __________ hair is short. He has a sister.3. __________ name is Cindy.4. __________ is short and thin.5. __________ is very friendly.
六、根据提示词和例子,完成对话。
Lucy,
tall,
help me
例:—Who's your best friend?
—Lucy. She is tall. She often helps me.
Joe,
strong,
play football
—__________________________________________________
—__________________________________________________
参考答案
一、
1.B 解析:询问 “谁” 用 who。
2.A 解析:“long hair” 是名词短语,用 has;“quiet” 是形容词,用 is。
3.B 解析:主语 “he” 是第三人称单数,动词 read 加 s。
4.A 解析:询问性格 / 外貌用 “What's...like?”。
5.B 解析:根据 “too short” 可知不会踢足球,用 can't 回答。
二、
1.is;has 解析:主语 Tom 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is,have 变 has。
2.often play 解析:主语 they 是复数,动词用原形,often 位于动词前。
3.can't;can 解析:can 的否定是 can't,肯定用 can。
4.does;has 解析:主语 “your friend” 是第三人称单数,助动词用 does;he 后用 has。
三、
Does she have long hair? 解析:第三人称单数变一般疑问句,借助 does,has 还原为 have。
What's he like? 解析:对形容词 “kind” 提问,用 “What's...like?”。
We can't read books together. 解析:can 的否定加 not,缩写为 can't。
四、
1.Who 2.What's 3.has 4.Can;play 5.play
解析:1. 询问人用 who;2. 询问特征用 “What's...like?”;3. 第三人称单数用 has;4. 询问能力用 can,play 用原形;5. 主语 we 是复数,动词用原形。
五、
1.He 2.His 3.Her 4.She 5.She
六、—Who’s your best friend?
—Joe. He’s strong. He often plays play football with me.
Unit 3 Places we live in
专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练
语音、词汇、短语
基础知识
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
语音:字母组合“ck”的发音 (教材第30页)高频易错点01
ck字母组合在单词中固定发 /k/ 音
常出现在单词末尾(如 duck、sock)或中间(如 black、back)
需注意与 “k”“c” 单独发音的区别。
易错点提示
(3) 混淆 “ck” 与 “k” 的发音(实际发音相同,但字母组合需整体记忆):
错误:将 “black” 拆分为 “b-l-a-k” 单独读(×)
正确:将 “ck” 视为整体,“black” 读 /blæk/(√);
(4) 漏发 “ck” 的 /k/ 音:
错误:将 “sock” 读成 /sɒ/(×)
正确:“sock” 读 /sɒk/,清晰发出末尾 /k/ 音(√);
(5) 混淆 “ck” 与 “ch” 的发音:
错误:将 “duck” 读成 /dʌtʃ/(“ch” 发 /tʃ/ 音)(×)
正确:“duck” 读 /dʌk/(“ck” 发 /k/ 音)(√)。
小练笔
判断画线部分的发音是否相同,相同的写“T”,不同的写“F”。
( )1. black back sock
( )2. duck tick shop
( )3. back duck black
( )4. sock tick park
1.T 解析:black、back、sock 中 “ck” 均发 /k/,发音相同。
2.F 解析:duck、tick 中 “ck” 发 /k/,shop 中 “sh” 发 /ʃ/,发音不同。
3.T 解析:back、duck、black 中 “ck” 均发 /k/,发音相同。
4.F 解析:sock、tick 中 “ck” 发 /k/,park 中 “ar” 发 /ɑː/,发音不同。
5.sheep 中字母组合sh 发/ʃ/ 的音;thin 中字母组合th 发/θ/ 的音,故填F。
点
拨
There be 句型的用法 (教材第27、28、30页)高频易错点02
There be句型表示 “某地有某物 / 某人”
1. 单数句型结构:There is + 单数名词 / 不可数名词 + 地点状语
如:There is a park in my community.我的社区里有一个公园。
2. 复数句型结构:There are + 复数名词 + 地点状语
如:There are many books in the library.图书馆里有很多书。
3. 当有多个名词并列时,遵循 “就近原则”,即 be 动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定
如:There is a pen and two books on the desk.桌子上有一支钢笔和两本书。
易错点提示
(1) 混淆 be 动词的单复数,看到复数名词就用 “are”,忽略 “就近原则”
比如:错误表达 “There are a park in my community.”(❌)
(2) 正确应为 “There is a park in my community.”(✅)。
(3) 句中出现 “have/has” 和 “There be” 混用的情况,“have/has” 表示 “某人拥有某物”,“There be” 表示 “某地存在某物”
小练笔
用 “There is” 或 “There are” 填空。
1.____________ a hospital near my home.
2.____________ many students in the playground.
3.____________ a shop and two bus stops in our community.
4.____________ some books and a pen in my bag.
5.____________ a Taiji club in the park.
1.There is 解析:后面接单数名词 “a hospital”,用 “There is”。
2.There are 解析:后面接复数名词 “many students”,用 “There are”。
3.There is 解析:遵循 “就近原则”,离 be 动词近的是单数名词 “a shop”,用 “There is”。
4.There are 解析:遵循“就近原则”,离be动词近的是复数名词“some books”,用“There are”。
5.There is 解析:后面接单数名词 “a Taiji club”,用 “There is”。
点
拨
also的用法 (教材第28页)高频易错点03
also意为 “也、此外、同样”,其在句子中的位置如下:
1. 位于 “be 动词” 之后(am/is/are/was/were)
当句子谓语是 be 动词时,“also” 直接放在 be 动词后面,修饰主语的状态或属性。
例句:She is also a student.她也是一名学生。
They are also late for class.他们上课迟到了。
2. 位于 “情态动词 / 助动词” 之后(can/may/will/have/do等)
若句子含情态动词(can, could, may, might 等)或助动词(have/has/had, will, do/does/did 等),“also” 放在这些词的后面,实义动词的前面。
例句:You can also speak French.你也会说法语。
3. 位于 “实义动词” 之前(无 be 动词 / 情态动词 / 助动词时)
当句子谓语只有 实义动词(如eat, work, study, play等)时,“also”直接放在实义动词前面。
例句:I also like reading novels.我也喜欢读小说。
They also work in this company.他们也在这家公司工作。
易错点提示
混淆 “also” 与 “too” 的用法
“too” 表示 “也” 时通常放在句末,且前面用逗号隔开
而本单元更侧重在 There be 句型中用 “also”
如错误表达 “There is a shop near my home, also.”(❌)
正确应为 “There is also a shop near my home.”(✅)
小练笔
单项选择。
( )1.She ______ a good singer.
A. also is B. is also C. also be D. be also
( )2.You ______ play the piano well.
A. can also B. also can C. can be also D. also be can
( )3.They ______ football on Sundays.
A. also plays B. plays also C. also play D. play also
( )4.There ______ a beautiful garden in our school.
A. also is B. is also C. also be D. be also
( )5.My sister likes reading, and she ______ likes dancing.
A. too B. also C. either D. neither
1.解析:句子谓语是 be 动词 “is”,“also” 要放在 be 动词后,所以选 B。
2.解析:句子含情态动词can,“also”要放在情态动词后、实义动词 “play” 前,所以选A。
3.解析:句子谓语是实义动词 “play”,无 be 动词、情态动词、助动词,“also” 放实义动词前,且主语 “they”是复数,动词用原形 “play” ,所以选 C。
4.解析:在 There be 句型中,“also”放在 be 动词后,所以选 B。
5.解析:“too” 通常放句末且前用逗号;“either” 用于否定句末;“neither” 表 “两者都不” 。此句是肯定句,“also” 放实义动词 “likes” 前表 “也” ,所以选 B。
点
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场所与活动的搭配(教材第32页)高频易错点04
场所(Place)
活动(Activity)
教材例句
park
take a walk(散步)
There is a beautiful park. I often take a walk there.
playground
do sports(做运动)
There is a playground. I do sports there.
shop
go shopping(购物)
There is a shop. I go shopping there.
hospital
see a doctor(看医生)
There is a hospital. I see a doctor there.
易错点提示
(1) 场所与活动搭配混乱:
错误:I see a doctor in the shop.(×)
正确:I see a doctor in the hospital.(√)
提示:需结合常识和教材固定搭配记忆,如 “shop” 对应 “购物”,“hospital” 对应 “看医生”。
(2) 活动短语中动词形式错误:
错误:I go shop in the shop.(×)
正确:I go shopping in the shop.(√)
提示:“go + 动词 - ing” 是固定结构(如 go shopping/go swimming),“do sports”“take a walk” 是固定短语,动词用原形。
(3) 地点介词错误(in/on/at):
错误:I do sports in the playground.(×)
正确:I do sports on the playground.(√)
提示:“在操场” 用 “on the playground”,“在公园 / 医院 / 商店” 用 “in the park/hospital/shop”,“在公交车站” 用 “at the bus stop”,需区分介词用法。
小练笔
根据场所功能,从方框选活动短语填空
see a doctor take a walk do sports go shopping read stories
1.We go to the hospital to __________________.
2.People often __________________ in the park after dinner.
3.Students like to __________________ on the playground.
4.My mum usually __________________ in the shop.
5.Children can __________________ in the library.
1.see a doctor(医院是看病的地方,对应 “看医生” )
2.take a walk(公园适合饭后散步,对应 “散步” )
3.do sports(操场是做运动的场所,对应 “做运动” )
4.go shopping(商店用于购物,对应 “购物” )
5.read stories(图书馆能读故事、看书,对应 “读故事” )
点
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综合训练
1、 读一读,选出含有与句子中所给单词画线部分读音相同的一项。
( )1.The ducks swim in the lake.
A.Jack B.nice
( )2.Where are my socks?
A.cake B.shop
( )3.My classmate has black hair.
A.China B.book
( )4.She often takes a walk in the park.
A.share B.sit
( )5.There is a clock on the wall.
A.child B.tick
2、 根据图片或首字母提示填空。
6.Let’s go to the l . There are many books.
7.There is a p . I see two footballs there.
8.There is a b . WE can find a gift there.
9.My pet cat is bla .
10.I have a colourful clo .
11.This is a blue so .
12.This is a yellow du .
3、 Sam正在给家人介绍自己的学校,根据句子选择合适的词组填空。
A.plant flowers B.draw pictures C.have lunch D.have IT class
E. read books F. play basketball
13.There is a basketball court in my school. We can there.
14.There is a canteen in my school. We can there.
15.There is a library in my school. We can there.
16.There is a garden in my school. We can there.
17.There is a computer room in my school. We can there.
18.There is an art room in my school. We can there.
4、 单项选择。
( )19.—There is a playground. —_______
A.Let’s go and play. B.Thank you. C.Goodbye.
( )20.My father is a doctor. He works in a _______.
A.hospital B.park C.playground
( )21.We are in the _______. Let’s buy some vegetables.
A.bus stop B.shop C.toilet
( )22.There _______ a library in my community.
A.have B.is C.are
( )23.My sister is a nurse. She works in a _____.
A.school B.hospital C.factory
( )24.—There is a playground. —_____
A.Let’s play there. B.Let’s do homework. C.Let’s go to school.
( )25.My pet dog is ill. Let’s go to the _____.
A.pet hospital B.supermarket C.zoo
( )26.My cousin and I ______ like singing. I ______ like drawing.
A.all; also B.both; also C.both; too
( )27.—_________ is John? —He’s in the classroom.
A.What B.Who C.Where
( )28.There ________ a new teacher in our school this year.
A.is B.be C.are
5、 根据描述选择对应的场所标志序号。
A. B. C. D. E.
( )29.There are many buses.
( )30.People read books in this place.
( )31.I can see a doctor there.
( )32.There are different rooms for men and women.
( )33.There are many children. They often play together.
6、 Lily邀请新朋友子涵到她家里做客。选择合适的句子补全对话。
Zihan: Wow, your community is nice.
Lily: 34 Welcome to my home.A.They often help me.
B.Yes. It’s big too.
C.Your neighbours are very friendly.
D.Yes. There is a playground.
Zihan: Here are some gifts for you.
Lily: Thank you.
Zihan: 35
Lily: Yes. They are helpful too. 36
Zihan: Can you play football in your community?
Lily: 37 We often play there.
7、 排序题
38.看图,请根据路线图给句子排序。
A.There is also a playground.
B.There is a hospital. Let’s go and see.
C.We’re at the bus stop.
D.Look! There is a toilet.
E. There is a shop over there.
F. There is a park. We all play there.
排序:C → → → → →
8、 阅读短文,选择最佳答案。
I’m Tom. I live in a nice community. There is a big park in the community. It’s very beautiful. There are many flowers and trees in the park. People often take a walk there. There is also a library near the park. I often go to the library to read books. I like reading very much. There is a playground in the community, too. I often play football with my friends there. There are some shops in the community. We can buy many things there. I love my community.
( )39.Tom lives in a ______ community.
A.big B.nice C.small
( )40.There is a ______ in the community.
A.zoo B.cinema C.park
( )41.Tom often plays football with his friends in the ______.
A.park B.playground C.library
( )42.Tom likes ______ in the library.
A.reading books B.playing games C.taking a walk
( )43.There are some ______ in the community.
A.shops B.hospitals C.museums
参考答案
1.A 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B
【解析】1.句意:鸭子在湖里游泳。ducks画线部分的发音是/k/,Jack画线部分的发音是/k/,nice画线部分的发音是/s/,A发音相同,故选A。
2.句意:我的袜子在哪里?socks画线部分的发音是/k/,cake画线部分的发音是/k/,shop画线部分的发音是/p/,A发音相同,故选A。
3.句意:我的同学有黑头发。black画线部分的发音是/k/,China画线部分的发音是/tʃ/,book画线部分的发音是/k/,B发音相同,故选B。
4.句意:她经常在公园散步。She画线部分的发音是/ʃ/,share画线部分的发音是/ʃ/,sit画线部分的发音是/s/,A发音相同,故选A。
5.句意:在墙上有一个钟表。clock画线部分的发音是/k/,child画线部分的发音是/tʃ/,tick画线部分的发音是/k/,B发音相同,故选B。
6.library/ibrary
【详解】句意:让我们去图书馆吧。有很多书。本题考查动词短语。根据图片和首字母,可知单词为library图书馆,go to the library去图书馆,故答案为library。
7.playground/layground
【详解】句意:有一个操场。我在那里看到两个足球。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。根据图片和首字母,可知单词为playground操场,前面有a修饰,用单数,故答案为playground。
8. bus/us stop
【详解】句意:有一个公交车站。我们可以在那里找到一个礼物。本题考查名词词组和可数名词及其单复数。根据句意,图片及首字母,可知词组为bus stop公交车站,前面有a修饰,用单数,故答案为bus,stop。
9.
【详解】句意:我的宠物猫是黑色的。本题考查形容词的用法。根据图片和字母提示可知本题考查单词black,形容词,黑色的,故答案为。
10.
【详解】句意:我有一个彩色的时钟。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。根据图片和单词所给部分,可知单词为clock时钟,前面有a修饰,用单数,故答案为。
11.
【详解】句意:这是一只蓝色的袜子。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。图中是袜子sock,前面有a修饰,用单数,故答案为。
12.
【详解】句意:这是一只黄色的鸭子。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。根据图片可知考查单词duck鸭子,空前有不定冠词a,该空用单数,故答案为。
13.F 14.C 15.E 16.A 17.D 18.B
【解析】13.句意:我们学校有一个篮球场。我们可以在那里______。篮球场 可以打篮球,F选项play basketball打篮球,符合题意,故选F。
14.句意:我的学校有一个食堂。我们可以在那里______。食堂可以吃午饭,C选项have lunch吃午饭,符合题意,故选C。
15.句意:我的学校有一个图书馆。我们可以在那里______。图书馆可以读书,E选项read books读书,符合题意,故选E。
16.句意:句意:我的学校里有一个花园。我们可以在那里_______。花园可以种花,A选项plant flowers种花,符合题意,故选A。
17.句意:我的学校里有一个电脑室。我们可以在那里_______。电脑室可以上信息技术课,D选项have IT class上信息技术课,符合题意,故选D。
18.句意:句意:我的学校里有一个美术室。我们可以在那里_______。美术室可以画画,B选项draw pictures画画,符合题意,故选B。
19.A
【详解】句意:有一个操场。本题考查交际用语。A我们去玩吧。B谢谢你。C再见。选项A符合句意,故选A。
20.A
【详解】句意:我的父亲是一名医生。他在一家医院工作。本题考查名词辨析。A医院,B公园,C操场。根据常识可知医生在医院工作。故选A。
21.B
【详解】句意:我们在商店。让我买鞋蔬菜吧。本题考查名词词组和名词辨析。A公交车站,B商店,C厕所,买些蔬菜应该是在商店,故选B。
22.B
【详解】句意:在我们的社区有一个图书馆。本题考查there be句型。句子是there be句型,排除A。a library是单数,be动词用is,故选B。
23.B
【详解】句意:我姐姐是一名护士。她在____工作。本题考查职业与工作场所的对应关系。护士(nurse)通常在医院(hospital)工作,而学校(school)和工厂(factory)与护士的职业关联较弱。故选B。
24.A
【详解】句意:有一个操场。本题考查动词和动词短语的辨析。A让我们在那里玩吧。B让我们做作业吧。C让我们去上学吧。上句说有操场,回应应为“去那里玩”,故选A。
25.A
【详解】句意:我的宠物狗生病了。让我们去_____吧。本题考查名词和名词词组的辨析。A宠物医院,B超市,C动物园,“宠物狗生病了”,应去“宠物医院”,故选A。
26.B
【详解】句意:我和表弟都喜欢唱歌。我也喜欢画画。本题考查both与all的区别以及also与too的用法。第一空主语为两人(my cousin and I),需用both(两者都);第二空表示“也”且位于句中,应用also。故选B。
27.C
【详解】句意:—约翰在哪里?—他在教室里。本题考查特殊疑问句及其答语。A什么,问物,B谁,问人,C在哪里,问地点。答语回答的地点,所以问句问地点,故选C。
28.A
【详解】句意:今年我们学校有一位新老师。本题考查there be句型。主语“a new teacher”为单数,be动词需用单数形式is。故选A。
29.C 30.B 31.E 32.A 33.D
【解析】29.句意:有很多公共汽车。选项C是公共汽车的标志,与句子匹配,故选C。
30.句意:人们在这个地方看书。选项B是图书馆的标志,人们在图书馆看书,与句子匹配,故选B。
31.句意:我可以在那里看医生。选项E是医院的标志,在医院看医生,与句子匹配,故选E。
32.句意:男女有不同的房间。选项A是卫生间的标志,在卫生间上厕所,与句子匹配,故选A。
33.句意:有很多孩子。他们经常一起玩。选项D是游乐场的标志,孩子们在这里玩,与句子匹配,故选D。
34.B 35.C 36.A 37.D
【导语】本文讨论了社区和邻居。
34.上句说:哇,你的社区很漂亮。选项B“是的。它也很大。”符合语境,故选B。
35.下文说:是的。他们也很有帮助。可知这句是描述邻居,选项C“你的邻居很友好。”符合语境,故选C。
36.上句说:他们也很有帮助。选项A“他们经常帮助我。”符合语境,故选A。
37.上句问:你可以在社区里踢足球吗?可知这句用yes或no回答,选项D“是的。有一个操场。”符合语境,故选D。
38.【小题1】F 【小题2】E 【小题3】D 【小题4】A 【小题5】B
39.B 40.C 41.B 42.A 43.A
【导语】本文介绍了汤姆的社区。
39.句意:汤姆住在一个______社区。A大的,B漂亮的,C小的,根据“I live in a nice community.”,可知住在一个漂亮的社区,故选B。
40.句意:社区里有一个______。A动物园,B电影院,C公园,根据“There is a big park in the community.”,可知有一个大公园,故选C。
41.句意:汤姆经常在______和朋友踢足球。A公园,B操场,C图书馆,根据“There is a playground in the community, too. I often play football with my friends there.”,可知是在操场,故选B。
42.句意:汤姆喜欢在图书馆______。A看书,B玩游戏,C散步,根据“I often go to the library to read books.”,可知是看书,故选A。
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
there be句型的肯定句 高频易错点01
1.“there be”句型的肯定句的基本结构:
“there be”句型的肯定句常常表示“某地有某人或某物”,名词单复数不同,句型结构会有所不同。
(1) There is+a/an+可数名词单数(+地点状语).
例:There is a book on the desk.书桌上有一本书。
There is+不可数名词(+地点状语).
例:There is some milk in the bottle.瓶子里有一些牛奶。
(2) There are+可数名词复数(+地点状语).
例: There are many books in the bag.书包里有很多书。
2.“there be”句型的就近原则:
在“there be”句型中,如果be动词后的主语是由and连接的两个或多个名词,be动词的选择要遵循“就近原则”。即be动词的形式与离它最近的名词的单复数保持一致。如果想表达某地有多种物品,应该用句型“There be+物品1,物品2,物品3…and+物品n(+地点状语).”。其中每种物品后须加逗号隔开,在最后一种物品前加and,此句型中be动词也应遵循“就近原则”。
例: (1)There is a pencil, a pencil box and two books on the desk.
书桌上有一支铅笔、一个铅笔盒和两本书。
(2)There are two books, a pencil and a pencil box on the desk.
书桌上有两本书、一支铅笔和一个铅笔盒。
3.“there be”和have/has的区别:两者中文意思都是“有”,但用法不同。
(1)所指关系不同:“there be”指客观存在,表示“某处有某人/某物”;have指所属关系,表示“某人/某物有某物”。
例: ①There are all kinds of books on my bookshelf.我的书架上有各种各样的书。(表示客观存在)
②I have all kinds of books.我有各种各样的书。(表示拥有)
(2)句中位置不同:“there be”通常放于句首,而have在句中。
例: ①There is a post office near here.这儿附近有一个邮局。
②Mrs Green has two daughters.格林夫人有两个女儿。
易错点提示
(1) 忽略 be 动词与名词的单复数匹配,如:
错误:There are a hospital near my home.(❌)
正确:There is a hospital near my home.(✅)(a hospital 是单数,用 is)
(2) 多名词并列时,未遵循就近原则,如:
错误:There are a playground and some shops.(❌)
正确:There is a playground and some shops.(✅)(就近名词 a playground 是单数,用 is)小练笔
用there be/ have的适当形式填空。
1._______________ many books in the library.
2._______________a hospital over there.
3._______________ some water in the cup.
4.My sister _______________ some dresses.
5._______________ one park and two schools in our community.
6.My teachers _______________ some nice pictures.
点
拨
1. There are解析:此句是there be句型,表示“某处有某物”, books是复数,所以be动词用are.
2. There is解析:此句是there be句型, hospital是单数,be动词用is.
3. There is解析:water是不可数名词,在there be句型中, be动词用is.
4. has解析:此句主语My sister是第三人称单数,强调“某人拥有”用have,这里要用其第三人称单数形式has.
5. There is解析:there be句型遵循就近原则, park是单数,所以be动词用is.
6. have解析:主语My teachers是复数,强调“某人拥有”用have,这里用原形。
地点介词 “in/on/near/over there” 的误用高频易错点02
核心用法:不同介词表示不同的位置关系,结合社区场所使用:
1. in:在…… 内部(后接封闭 / 大范围场所,如 park, hospital, community)
例:There is a shop in my community.我的社区里有一家商店。
2. on:在…… 表面(后接平面场所,如 playground, road)
例:We play games on the playground.我们在操场玩游戏。
3. near:在…… 附近(表示相邻关系)
例:There is a hospital near my home.我家附近有一家医院。
4. over there:在那边(指较远的位置,单独使用,不接名词)
例:The bus stop is over there.公交车站在那边。
易错点提示
(1) 混淆 “in” 和 “on” 的用法,如:
错误:We do sports in the playground.(❌)
正确:We do sports on the playground.(✅)(操场是平面场所,用 on)
(2) “over there” 后接名词,如:
错误:The park is over there the school.(❌)
正确:The park is over there. / The park is near the school.(✅)(over there 单独使用,不接名词;表 “在学校附近” 用 near)
小练笔
选择正确的介词填空。
in on near over there
(1) There are many trees ______ the park.
(2) The playground is ______ my home. I walk there every day.
(3) Look! The hospital is ______.
(4) We often play football ______ the playground.
改正错误句子。
(5) The shop is over there the hospital.
→ ________________________________________________
点
拨
1.in 解析:“在公园内部” 用 in,符合封闭场所的介词搭配。
2.near 解析:根据 “walk there” 可知操场在 “我家附近”,用 near 表示相邻关系。
3.over there 解析:单独指 “在那边”,用 over there,不接名词。
4.on 解析:操场是平面场所,“在操场” 用 on,符合介词使用规则。
5.The shop is over there. / The shop is near the hospital. 解析:over there 不可接名词,需单独使用;若想表达 “在医院附近”,需将 over there 改为 near。
描述社区活动的动词搭配与人称一致高频易错点03
核心用法:根据主语人称和数,选择正确的动词形式,常见活动短语与场所的固定搭配如下:
活动短语
对应场所
例句
go shopping
shop
I often go shopping in the small shop.
take a walk
park
She often takes a walk in the park.
do sports
playground
They often do sports on the playground.
see a doctor
hospital
He often sees a doctor in the hospital.
动词形式规则:
(1) 二人称 / 复数主语(I, you, we, they):动词用原形。
例:We take a walk after dinner.(我们晚饭后散步。)
(2) 第三人称单数主语(he, she, it, 单数人名 / 事物):动词加 s/es(规则同 Unit 2,如 take→takes, do→does)。
例:Lucy does sports every weekend.(露西每周做运动。)
易错点提示
(1) 第三人称单数主语后,动词未变形式,如:
错误:He go shopping with his mom.(❌)
正确:He goes shopping with his mom.(✅)(he 是第三人称单数,go 加 es 为 goes)
(2) 活动短语与场所搭配错误,如:
错误:We do sports in the hospital.(❌)
正确:We do sports on the playground.(✅)(“做运动” 的场所应为操场,而非医院)
小练笔
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
(1) My family often ______ (take) a walk in the park on Sundays.
(2) Tom ______ (do) sports on the playground every afternoon.
(3) I ______ (go) shopping with my sister in the big shop.
(4) She ______ (see) a doctor when she is ill.
选择正确的场所补全句子。(hospital /park/playground /shop)
(5) We often take a walk in the ______.
(6) He goes shopping in the ______.
(1)take 解析:主语 “my family” 表示 “家人”,视为复数,动词用原形。
(2)does 解析:主语 “Tom” 是第三人称单数,do 的第三人称单数形式为 does。
(3)go 解析:主语 “I” 是第一人称,动词用原形。
(4)sees 解析:主语 “she” 是第三人称单数,see 加 s 为 sees。
(5)park 解析:“take a walk”(散步)的常见场所是公园,故填 park。
(6)shop 解析:“go shopping”(购物)的场所是商店,故填 shop。
点
拨
综合训练
1、 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Let’s (go) to the playground and play football.
2.We can buy some books in the (shop).
3.The (toilet) are clean and tidy.
4.Is there a (bus) stop near your home?
5.There (be) a park and two shops in the community.
6.Let’s put some (photo) of Elsa on the wall.
7.There are two sisters and a cute snowman in the (story).
8.There is a shop over there. I can (buy) a gift for her.
2、 选词填空。
Let’s there hospital in from
9.I want to see a doctor. Where is the ?
10. go and play in the park.
11.Children often read stories the library.
12.There is a gym. My grandparents always play Taiji .
13.There are many things China in the shop.
3、 单项选择。
( )14.There _____ a nice park in my city.
A.have B.is C.are
( )15.If you are ill (生病), you can go to the _________.
A.hospital B.toilet C.bus stop
( )16.There ________ some girls in the playground.
A.be B.are C.is
( )17.Lily is ill. She is ______ hospital.
A.in B.at C.on
( )18.We ________ a new teacher this year.
A.has B.have C.are
( )19.—______ under the desk? —______ a toy car.
A.Where’s; It’s B.What; It’s C.What’s; There is
( )20.I’ll wait for you ______ the gate to the amusement park.
A.in B.on C.at
( )21.He ________ two pencil boxes.
A.has B.have C.are
( )22.I like to ______ a walk in the park.
A.take B.make C.go
( )23.I often go to the library ______ I like reading.
A.because B.but C.and
4、 Jam 和Lanlan 游玩时去了很多场所,拍了很多照片。请你根据对话内容,帮忙选择相对应的图片吧。
A. B. C. D.
( )24.—I want to buy a toy for my sister. —There is a toy shop. We can go there.
( )25.—I cut my hand. I need a doctor. —There is a hospital over there. Let’s go!
( )26.—There is a nice zoo. —Great! Let’s go and see.
( )27.—Let’s go to the park. —We can take the bus (乘坐公交车) over there.
5、 Nancy邀请Sam来参观她生活的新社区。选择合适的句子补全对话。
Nancy: Let’s go and see my new community.
Sam: OK. Let’s go.
Nancy: 28 I often buy vegetables here with my parents.
Sam: That’s nice. 29 A.Is there a playground?
B.No, he’s my new neighbour, John.
C.Let’s go and see.
D.Hi, come and play Frisbee.
E.There is a shop near my house.
Nancy: Yes, we often play there. 30
Sam: Who’s that boy? Your brother?
Nancy: 31 Hi, John.
John: 32
Nancy& Sam: OK.
6、 根据图片及首字母提示写单词完成计划表。
A 33 Schedule (计划表)
◇ I meet my neighbour o 34 there.
◇ My neighbour and I play games in the p 35 .
◇ T 36 are many flowers in our community. We draw pictures.
7、 阅读理解。
Lina is not happy in the old community. She wants to go shopping, but there is no supermarket. There is only a shop. She wants to play football, but there is no gym. She wants to take a walk, but there is no park. There is a hospital over there. In the old community, there is a bus stop. She can take a bus to school.
She will move to a new community. Is there a gym? Yes, of course. There is also a supermarket. And there’s a shop and a bus stop too. There’s a park, so Lina can take a walk. Wow, that’s so great.
37.选一选新旧社区都有哪些地方。
A.supermarket B.shop C. gym D.park
E. hospital F. bus stop G. library H. zoo
(1) What’s in the old community?
(2) What’s in the new community?
38.判断对(T)错(F)。
( )(1) There is a bus stop in both the two communities.
( )(2) Lina takes a bus to school.
( )(3) Lina can take a walk in the park.
8、 阅读Sarah一家在社区的生活,完成下列任务。
I live in a beautiful community. There are many places. There is a playground. The children often have fun there. There is a hospital too. People can see a doctor there when they are sick.
In the community, my mother’s favourite place is the shop. She often buys vegetables and fruits there. My father loves the gym very much. Because he can play ping-pong there. My favourite place is the library. There are many books. I can read books there. We have a big park too. After dinner, I often take a walk with my parents.
I love our community. We can enjoy our lives there.
39.根据Sarah的介绍,选择正确答案。
( )(1) There is a _______. The children often have fun there.
A. B. C.
( )(2) The underlined word “sick” means _______ in Chinese.
A.疲倦的 B.生病的 C. 忙碌的
( )(3) Sarah’s father likes the _______ in the community.
A.shop B.gym C. library
( )(4) After dinner, Sarah’s family often _______ in the park.
A.do sports B.play ping-pong C. take a walk
40.新考法开放性设问 What’s your favourite place in your community? Why?
My favourite place is the . Because I can there.
参考答案
1.go
【详解】句意:让我们去操场踢足球。本题考查动词的形式。Let’s后跟动词原形,故答案为go。
2.shop
【详解】句意:我们可以在商店买一些书。本题考查介词固定搭配,in the shop在商店里,故答案为shop。
3.toilets
【详解】句意:厕所干净又整洁。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。根据are可知toilet用复数toilets,故答案为toilets。
4.bus
【详解】句意:你家附近有一个公交车站吗?本题考查名词词组,bus stop公交车站,故答案为bus。
5.is
【详解】句意:社区里有一个公园和两家商店。本题考查there be句型中的主谓一致。在there be句型中,be动词的形式由最近的主语决定(就近原则)。句中第一个主语为a park(单数),故be动词用单数形式is。虽然后面有two shops(复数),但根据就近原则,仍以第一个主语为准。故答案为is。
6.photos
【详解】句意:让我们把艾尔莎的照片挂在墙上。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。photo照片,前面有some修饰,该处用复数photos,故答案为photos。
7.story
【详解】句意:故事中有两个姐妹和一个可爱的雪人。本题考查可数名词及其单复数,由句意可知是指这本故事书里,故用单数,故答案为story。
8.buy
【详解】句意:那里有一家商店。我可以为她买一件礼物。本题考查动词的形式。根据题干中can,可知其后的动词要用原形,buy买,动词原形。故答案为buy。
9.hospital 10.Let’s 11.in 12.there 13.from
【解析】9.句意:我想去看医生。医院在哪里?根据句意可知是医院,hospital医院,符合句意,故答案为hospital。
10.句意:让我们去公园玩。根据句意可知是让我们,let’s让我们,句子开头首字母大写。故答案为Let’s。
11.句意:孩子们经常在图书馆读故事。根据句意可知是在图书馆,in the library在图书馆,符合句意,故答案为in。
12.句意:有一个健身房。我的祖父母总是在那里打太极。根据句意可知是在那里,there在那里,符合句意。故答案为there。
13.句意:这家商店里有很多来自中国的东西。根据句意可知是来自,from来自,符合句意。故答案为from。
14.B
【详解】句意:我的城市里有一个漂亮的公园。本题考查there be句型。“there be”句型就近原则,主语“a nice park”为单数,be用is,故选B。
15.A
【详解】句意:如果你生病了,你可以去_________。本题考查名词和名词词组辨析。A医院,B厕所,C公共汽车站。根据“生病”这一语境,可知应选择与治疗疾病相关的场所,故选A。
16.B
【详解】句意:操场上有一些女孩。本题考查there be句型的主谓一致。Abe动词原形,B用于主语为复数的后面,C用于主语为第三人称单数或不可数的后面,主语some girls为复数,be动词需用are,故选B。
17.A
【详解】句意:Lily生病了。她正在住院。本题考查介词固定搭配。表示“住院”时,固定搭配为“in hospital”(英式英语常省略冠词),强调作为病人处于医院内。故选A。
18.B
【详解】句意:我们今年有一位新老师。本题考查动词辨析和动词的形式。A有,动词的第三人称单数;B有,动词原形;C是。根据句意可知该空表示有,排除C;主语是第一人称复数,have用原形,排除A;故选B。
19.C
【详解】句意:—桌子下面有什么?—有一辆玩具车。本题考查疑问词和答句的搭配。问句询问某处有什么,需用“What’s + 地点”结构(What’s under the desk?)。答句表示存在某物,用“There is...”回答。故选C。
20.C
【详解】句意:我会在游乐园的大门口等你。本题考查地点介词用法。at用于具体的地点或位置(如门、车站等),强调“点”的概念;in表示在较大范围内,on表示在表面。此处“gate(大门)”是具体位置,故选C。
21.A
【详解】句意:他有两个铅笔盒。本题考查主谓一致。主语He是第三人称单数,动词需用第三人称单数形式。have的第三人称单数形式为has。故选A。
22.A
【详解】句意:我喜欢在公园里散步。本题考查动词短语,take a walk散步,故选A。
23.A
【详解】句意:我经常去图书馆,因为我喜欢阅读。本题考查连词辨析。A因为,B但是,C和,because符合句意,故选A。
24.C 25.D 26.B 27.A
【解析】24.句意:—我想给我妹妹买一个玩具。—有一个玩具店。我们可以去那。选项C是玩具店,与对话 匹配,故选C。
25.句意:—我切到了手。我需要一个医生。—那边有一个医院。让我们去吧!选项D是医院,与对话 匹配,故选D。
26.句意:—有一个好的动物园。—好极了!我们去看看吧。选项B是动物园,与对话 匹配,故选B。
27.句意:—让我们去公园吧。—我们可以在那边乘坐公交车。选项A是公交站,与对话 匹配,故选A。
28.E 29.A 30.C 31.B 32.D
【导语】本文主要围绕南希生活的新社区展开的对话。
28.后句说:我经常和我的父母在这里买菜。可知前句提到的是商店,选项E“我家附近有一家商店。”符合语境,故选E。
29.下句说:是的,我们经常在那里玩。根据答语可知问句是一般疑问句,选项A“有游乐场吗?”符合语境,故选A。
30.前句说:是的,我们经常在那里玩。可知后句是建议去那里看看,选项C“我们去看看。”符合语境,故选C。
31.上句问:那个男孩是谁?你的(哥哥)弟弟?可知答语要回答那个男孩是谁,选项B“不,他是我的新邻居,约翰。”符合语境,故选B。
32.上句说:嗨,约翰。可知下句也要打招呼,选项D“嗨,来玩飞盘吧。”符合语境,故选D。
33.Afternoon/fternoon 34.over/ver 35.park/ark 36.There/here
【导语】本文讲了下午的计划表。
33.根据首字母和下文,可知是下午计划表,下午afternoon,故答案为Afternoon。
34.句意:我在那边遇见了我的邻居。over there在那边,固定搭配,故答案为over。
35.句意:我的邻居和我在公园里玩游戏。根据图片和首字母,可知搭配为in the park在公园里,故答案为park。
36.句意:我们的社区里有很多花。句子是there be句型,故答案为There。
37. B、E、F A、B、C、D、F 38. T T T
【导语】本文主要介绍了琳达所在的新旧小区的对比。
37.(1)根据“There is only a shop.”和“There is a hospital over there. In the old community, there is a bus stop.”可知旧社区有商店,医院和公交车站,故选BEF。
(2)根据“Is there a gym? Yes, of course. There is also a supermarket. And there’s a shop and a bus stop too. There’s a park, so Lina can take a walk.”可知新社区有体育馆,超市,商店,公共汽车站和公园,故选ABCDF。
38.(1)句意:在两个社区都有公共汽车站。根据“In the old community, there is a bus stop.”和“And there’s a shop and a bus stop too.”可知在两个社区都有公共汽车站。句子和短文相符,故答案为T。
(2)句意:琳达乘坐公共汽车去上学。根据“In the old community, there is a bus stop. She can take a bus to school.”可知琳达乘坐公共汽车去上学。句子和短文相符,故答案为T。
(3)句意:琳达可以在公园散步。根据“There’s a park, so Lina can take a walk.”可知琳达可以在公园散步,句子和短文相符,故答案为T。
39. A B B C 40. gym do some sports
【导语】本文主要介绍了Sarah一家在社区的生活。
39.(1)句意:有一个______。孩子们常在那儿玩得很开心。A游乐场,B医院,C公园。根据“ There is a playground. The children often have fun there.”可知有一个游乐场,故选A。
(2)句意:划线单词“sick”在中文中的意思是______。根据“People can see a doctor there when they are sick.”可知人们生病时可以去那里看病,故选B。
(3)句意:萨拉的爸爸喜欢社区里的______。A商店,B体育馆,C图书馆。根据“My father loves the gym very much. ”可知萨拉的爸爸喜欢社区里的体育馆,故选B。
(4)句意:晚饭后,萨拉的家人经常在公园里______。A做运动,B打乒乓球,C散步。根据“After dinner, I often take a walk with my parents.”可知晚饭后,萨拉的家人经常散步,故选C。
40.句意:在你的社区里,你最喜欢的地方是什么?为什么?我最喜欢的地方是______。因为我可以在那里______。此答案不唯一,可以写我最喜欢的地方是体育馆。因为我可以在那里做运动。体育馆gym,做运动do some sports,can后接动词原形,故答案为gym,do some sports。
Unit 4 Helping in the community
专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练
语音、词汇、短语
基础知识
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
语音:字母组合“ph”的发音 (教材第42页)高频易错点01
字母组合 “ph” 在单词中固定发 /f/ 音(清辅音,与 “f” 发音相同),需作为整体发音,不可拆分。
例如:phone /fəʊn/(电话)、photo /ˈfəʊtəʊ/(照片)
Philip /ˈfɪlɪp/(人名)、elephant /ˈelɪfənt/(大象)
易错点提示
(1) 勿将 “ph” 拆分为 “p” 和 “h” 分别发音(如将 photo 读成 /pəʊtəʊ/,错误),正确发音为 /ˈfəʊtəʊ/。
(2) 注意与 “f” 发音区分:“ph” 和 “f” 均发 /f/,但拼写不同(如 “照片” 是 photo,不是 foto;“电话” 是 phone,不是 fone)。
小练笔
找出与画线部分发音相同的单词,写在相对应的图片下面的四线三格上。
Philip and Phil play in the zoo.
Take many photos with the phone.
Look at the elephant. It's heavy and big.
1. 2. 3. 4.
图 1 是大象(elephant),所以填 “elephant” ,因为 “elephant” 里 “ph” 发 /f/ 。
图 2 是电话(phone),填 “phone” ,“phone” 中 “ph” 发 /f/ 。
图 3 是照片(photos,这里取单数形式 “photo” 也可,其 “ph” 发音 /f/ 。
图 4 是男孩,对应 “Philip” 或 “Phil” ,这两个名字里 “ph” 都发 /f/ ,填 “Philip”。
5.sheep 中字母组合sh 发/ʃ/ 的音;thin 中字母组合th 发/θ/ 的音,故填F。
点
拨
动词第三人称单数高频易错点02
在英语中,当主语是第三人称单数(如 he/she/it、单个人名、单数事物等)时,句子的谓语动词需要发生相应变化,这就是 “动词第三人称单数形式”。
一、什么是 “第三人称单数主语”?
要判断动词是否需要变 “第三人称单数”,首先要找到句子的主语,并确认它是否属于 “第三人称单数”。我们可以用排除法理解:
人称分类
包含的主语示例
是否属于 “第三人称单数”
第一人称
I(我)、we(我们)
❌ 否
第二人称
you(你 / 你们)
❌ 否
第三人称
1. 单数:he(他)、she(她)、it(它,指代事物)
2. 单个名词:Mike、my mother、the cat、this book
3. 不定代词:everyone、somebody、everything
✅ 是
简单记:除了 “我(I/we)、你(you / 你们)”,剩下的 “单个的人 / 物 / 不定代词”,都是第三人称单数主语。
二、动词变 “第三人称单数” 的 5 大规律
当句子是一般现在时(描述经常发生的动作,如 “每天、通常、总是”),且主语是 “第三人称单数” 时,谓语动词需要变形,具体规则如下:
1. 一般情况,直接在动词末尾加-s,如:play → plays,like → likes,read → reads
2. 以 “s, x, ch, sh, o” 结尾,在动词末尾加-es,如:pass → passes,fix → fixes,watch → watches
3. 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾 先把 “y” 变 “i”,再加 -es,如:study → studies,carry → carries
4. 以 “元音字母 + y” 结尾 直接加-s(元音字母:a, e, i, o, u),如:play → plays,stay → stays
5. 不规则变化:无固定规律,需单独记忆:have → has,be(am/is/are)→ is
易错点提示
(1) “have” 的变形是 “has”,不是 “haves”
错误:He haves a dog.
正确:He has a dog.
(2) 以 “o” 结尾的动词,只有 “do/go” 加 “-es”,其他加 “-s”
比如:photo → photos(照片,不是 photoes)、radio → radios(收音机),只有 “do→does”“go→goes” 特殊。
(3) 主语是 “单数名词” 时,即使前面有 “my/your/his”,也要变第三人称单数
错误:My mother watch TV every day.
正确:My mother watches TV every day.(“my mother” 是 “单个的人”,属于第三人称单数)
(4) “it” 指代事物 / 动物时,动词要变第三人称单数
错误:The bird sing in the tree.
正确:The bird sings in the tree.(“the bird” 用 “it” 指代,属于第三人称单数)
小练笔
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.She ___________ (like) apples.
2.My father ___________ (go) to work by bike.
3.The cat ___________ (have) a small ball.
4.Tom ___________ (study) math at school.
5.It ___________ (rain) today.
1.likes解析:主语 "She"(她)是第三人称单数,且句子描述的是常态喜好,用一般现在时。"like" 是一般动词,直接加 - s,所以填 likes。
2.goes解析:主语 "My father"(我的爸爸)是第三人称单数,描述日常行为用一般现在时。"go" 以 "o" 结尾,第三人称单数形式加 - es,所以填 goes。
3.has解析:主语 "The cat"(这只猫)是第三人称单数,描述当前状态用一般现在时。"have" 是不规则变化动词,第三人称单数形式为 has,所以填 has。
4.studies解析:主语 "Tom" 是第三人称单数,描述学校日常学习用一般现在时。"study" 以 "辅音字母 + y" 结尾,变 y 为 i 再加 - es,所以填 studies。
5.rains解析:主语 "It"(指代天气)是第三人称单数,描述今天的天气状况用一般现在时(表当前状态)。"rain" 是一般动词,直接加 - s,所以填 rains。
点
拨
“take sb. to do sth.” 表示 “带某人去做某事” (教材第40页)高频易错点03
“take sb. to do sth.” 表示 “带某人去做某事”,其中:
(1) sb.(某人):为人称代词宾格(如 me, him, her, us, them)或名词(如 my parents, my friends);
(2) to do sth.(去做某事):为动词不定式,后接具体动作
例如:My mum often takes me to see a doctor in the community hospital when I’m ill.
我生病时,妈妈经常带我去社区医院看医生。
Dad usually takes my sister to do sports on the playground after school.
爸爸通常放学后带我妹妹去操场做运动。
易错点提示
(1) 人称代词误用主格:“take” 是动词,后接人称代词时需用宾格,不可用主格。
错误:She takes I to go shopping in the shop.(❌)
正确:She takes me to go shopping in the shop.(✅)
(2) 遗漏 “to”:“take sb. + 动词不定式” 结构中,“to” 不可省略(区别于 “let sb. do sth.”)。
错误:My grandma takes me walk in the park every morning.(❌)
正确:My grandma takes me to walk in the park every morning.(✅)
(3) 场所与活动搭配混乱:需结合本单元场所功能,避免 “活动与场所不匹配”。
错误:He takes his brother to buy gifts in the hospital.(❌)
正确:He takes his brother to buy gifts in the community shop.(✅)
小练笔
单项选择。
( )1.My father often ______ me ______ do sports on the playground.
A. take; to B. takes; to C. take; / D. takes; /
( )2.Ms. Wang sometimes ______ us ______ read books in the library.
A. takes; to B. take; to C. takes; / D. take; /
( )3.—Who ______ you ______ see a doctor when you feel bad? —My mum.
A. take; to B. takes; to C. take; / D. takes; /
( )4.She ______ her little brother ______ take a walk in the park every evening.
A. takes; to B. take; to C. takes; for D. take; for
( )5.My aunt never ______ my cousin ______ go shopping in the hospital.
A. take; to B. takes; to C. take; / D. takes; /
1.解析:主语 “my father” 是第三人称单数,“take” 需变为 “takes”;“take sb. to do sth.” 不可省略 “to”,故选 B。
2.解析:主语 “Ms. Wang” 是第三人称单数,“take” 用 “takes”;“read books” 是具体活动,需加 “to”,故选 A。
3.解析:主语 “who” 指代单数,“take” 用 “takes”;“see a doctor” 需搭配 “to”,故选 B。
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4.解析:主语she是第三人称单数,take用takes;“take sb. to do sth.” 固定用 “to”,故选 A。
5.解析:主语 “my aunt” 是第三人称单数,“take” 用 “takes”;“go shopping” 需加 “to”,且 “医院” 不适合 “购物”,但语法上只有 B 选项正确故选 B。
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职业类名词单复数(规则 / 不规则)(教材第41页)高频易错点04
单数形式
复数形式
中文含义
课本搭配场景
cleaner
cleaners
清洁工
clean the community打扫社区
work in the old people's home在养老院工作
bus driver
bus drivers
公交车司机
drive the school bus开校车
take kids to school送孩子上学
police officer
police officers
警察
help students cross the road帮学生过马路
keep the community safe维护社区安全
delivery worker
delivery workers
快递员
deliver packages送包裹
work in the community center在社区中心工作
cook
cooks
厨师
cook lunch for volunteers为志愿者做午饭
work in the community kitchen在社区厨房工作
易错点提示
1. 规则变化混淆:
(1) 一般职业名词(如cleaner、driver、officer、worker、cook),复数直接加“s” 。但易误写:
(2) 漏加 “s”:如 “two cleaner”(错误,应为 “two cleaners” );
(3) 误变中心词前定语:“bus driver” 复数是 “bus drivers”(仅 “driver” 变复数,“bus” 作定语不变 ),勿写 “buses drivers” 。
2. 不规则变化延伸:
如 “man doctor”→“men doctors”(复合名词含 “man/woman” 时,前后都变复数 ),但课本职业名词无此类,可简单提及,避免拓展复杂。
小练笔
写出下列职业名词的复数形式:
(1) cleaner → __________________ (2) bus driver → __________________
(3) police officer → __________________ (4) delivery worker → __________________
(5) cook → __________________
(1) cleaners(直接加 “s” ) (2) bus drivers(仅 “driver” 加 “s” ) (3) police officers(“officer” 加 “s” ) (4) delivery workers(“worker” 加 “s” ) (5) cooks(直接加 “s” )。
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“a lot of”的用法 (教材第41页)高频易错点05
“a lot of” 表示 “大量;许多”,可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词
例如:We often sing for a lot of old people in the old people's home.
我们经常在养老院给许多老人唱歌。
The cleaner has a lot of work to do every day.清洁工每天有许多工作要做。
易错点提示
(1) 修饰名词单复数混淆:
“a lot of” 修饰可数名词时,名词必须用复数,不可用单数。如:
The cook makes a lot of food.”(✅,food 不可数)
The delivery worker delivers a lot of package.”(❌,package 是可数名词单数,应改为 “packages”)。
(2) 修饰不可数名词时,名词无需变复数,如:
There is a lot of waters in the lake.”(❌,water 不可数,无复数形式,应改为 “water”)。
(3) 与 “lots of”“many”“much” 的混用:
· “a lot of”,其与 “lots of” 用法完全一致(可互换)
· many仅修饰可数名词复数(如 “many people”)
· much仅修饰不可数名词(如 “much work”)
· 而 “a lot of” 两者皆可。
易错误:“There are much people in the community.”(❌,people 是可数名词复数,应用 “a lot of/many”,改为 “There are a lot of people in the community.”)。
(4) 句型中主谓一致错误:
当 “a lot of + 名词” 作主语时,谓语动词单复数由名词决定(可数名词复数→复数动词;不可数名词→单数动词)。如:
A lot of work are done by the cleaner.(❌,work 不可数,谓语动词用 “is”,改为 “A lot of work is done by the cleaner.”)
A lot of students is helping old people.”(❌,students 是复数,谓语动词用 “are”,改为 “A lot of students are helping old people.”)。
小练笔
单项选择。
( )1. ______ people like helping others in our community.
A. A lot of B. Much C. A lot
( )2. There isn’t ______ milk in the fridge.
A. many B. a lot C. much
( )3. ______ old people are in the park. Let’s go and help them.
A. A lot B. Many C. Much
( )4. The boy has ______ toys. He shares them with his friends.
A. much B. a lot C. a lot of
( )5. —Do you have ______ homework? —Yes, I do.
A. much B. many C. a lot
1.A解析:people 是可数名词复数,a lot of 可修饰;much 修饰不可数名词;a lot 不能直接修饰名词
2.C解析:milk 是不可数名词,much 修饰;many 修饰可数名词复数;a lot 不能直接修饰名词
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3.B解析:old people 是可数名词复数,many 修饰;a lot 不能直接修饰名词;much 修饰不可数名词
4.C解析:toys 是可数名词复数,a lot of 修饰;much 修饰不可数名词;a lot 不能直接修饰名词
5.A解析:homework 是不可数名词,much 修饰;many 修饰可数名词复数;a lot 不能直接修饰名词
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动词ing的变化规则 (教材第44页)高频易错点06
动词-ing形式的变化规则如下:
1. 一般情况:直接在动词词尾加-ing。
例:work → working, play → playing, go → going。
2. 以不发音的e结尾:去掉e,再加-ing。
例:make → making, write → writing, take → taking。
注意:若e发音(如see → seeing),则保留e。
3. 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母:双写该辅音字母,再加-ing。
例:run → running, swim → swimming, stop → stopping。
判断条件:重音在最后一个音节,词尾为“元音+辅音”。
4. 以ie结尾:将ie改为y,再加-ing。
例:lie → lying(撒谎), die → dying (死,消失)
易错点提示
(1) 去 “e” 加 - ing 规则混淆:
以 “不发音的 e” 结尾的动词(如 make, take, write),变 - ing 时需先去掉 “e” 再加 “ing”,易错误:“make”→“makeing”(❌),正确:“making”;“take”→“takeing”(❌),正确:“taking”。课本中 “make the bed” 是高频短语,需重点注意 “making” 的拼写。
(2) 直接加 - ing 漏写尾字母:
一般动词(如 clean, sing, tell, help)直接加 “ing”,易错误:“tell”→“teling”(❌,漏写尾字母 “l”),正确:“telling”;“sing”→“singg”(❌,多写尾字母 “g”),正确:“singing”。
小练笔
选词填空。
1.Look! The children are ____________ (swim/swimming) in the pool.
2.My sister is ____________ (write/writing) a letter to her friend.
3.It’s time to go ____________ (fish/fishing).
4.He is ____________ (run/running) on the playground.
5.She likes ____________ (dance/dancing) very much.
1.swimming(swim 是重读闭音节结尾,双写 m 加 -ing )
2.writing(write 以不发音 e 结尾,去 e 加 -ing )
3.fishing(go fishing 是固定搭配 )
4.running(run 是重读闭音节结尾,双写 n 加 -ing )
5.dancing(dance 以不发音 e 结尾,去 e 加 -ing )
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介词搭配短语(in/at/for)高频易错点07
课本核心介词短语
介词
短语示例
in
in the old people's home在养老院里
in
in the community在社区里
at
at the bus stop在公交车站
at
at school在学校
for
sing for old people给老人唱歌
易错点提示
(1) in 与 at 混淆:
“in” 用于 “大场所 / 封闭空间” 如 old people's home、community),“at” 用于 “小地点 / 具体位置” 如 bus stop、school gate)。
错误:“She is working at the old people's home.” ❌)
正确:“She is working in the old people's home.” ✅,养老院是大封闭场所)
(2) for 漏用或误用:
表 “为某人做某事” 需用 “for”,如 “sing old people” 错误)
正确:“sing for old people” ✅);“draw a picture Mrs Xu” 错误)
正确:“draw a picture for Mrs Xu” ✅)。
小练笔
选择正确的介词(in/at/for)填空。
1.The cleaner is working ______ the community.
2.We often sing songs ______ the old people in the old people's home.
3.The bus driver is waiting ______ the bus stop.
4.Amy is drawing a picture ______ her mother.
5.The students are cleaning the room ______ the kindergarten.
1.in:“在社区里” 是大场所,用 in。
2.for:“给老人唱歌” 表目的,用 for。
3.at:“在公交车站” 是小地点,用 at。
4.for:“给妈妈画画” 表 “为某人”,用 for。
5.in:“在幼儿园里” 是封闭场所,用 in。
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综合训练
1、 选出每组单词中画线部分发音不同的一项。
( )1.A.pen B.pig C.phone
( )2.A.phone B.panda C.people
( )3.A.Philip B.pet C.pencil
( )4.A.elephant B.police C.picture
( )5.A.Philip B.police C.pen
2、 根据所给图片提示填空。
6.She is helpful. She can the room.
7.Our neighbour is a officer.
8.My uncle is a taxi .
9.I can a story to my brother.
10.I often help people.
3、 从中选词并用其适当形式填空。
be child cook we take
11.Mum is telling a story to some . They are so happy.
12.She is a cook. She is dinner.
13.Everyone happy now.
14.Tim’s mother him to the hospital.
15.We love community.
4、 单项选择。
( )16.My mother can _____ delicious food.
A.cooks B.cooking C.cook
( )17.My mother is a school bus _______. She _______ us to school every day.
A.drive; takes B.driver; take C.driver; takes
( )18.Tom’s father is _______ police officer. He is helping _______ students cross the road.
A.some; a B.a; some C.an; some
( )19.—What is your mother doing now? —_______
A.She is a teacher. B.She’s nice. C.She’s driving.
( )20.Let ________ help you.
A.my B.me C.I
( )21.My grandma is _______ the bed.
A.make B.makes C.making
( )22.Look! The boys are ________ on the playground.
A.runs B.running C.runing
( )23.My father is ________ TV in the living room, but my mother is________ in the kitchen.
A.watching; cook B.watching; cooking C.watch; cook
( )24.Binbin and John are telling some funny _________.
A.stories B.stories C.story
( )25.Sarah and Chen Jie are _________ funny stories.
A.tell B.tells C.telling
5、 周末同学们去社区做志愿者活动,看图,把相应的图片序号填入句子前的括号里。
A. B. C. D. E.
( )26.Two girls are cleaning the windows.
( )27.Three students are sweeping the floor.
( )28.Some students are planting trees.
( )29.A boy is singing songs for the old people.
( )30.A lot of boys and girls are watering the trees.
6、 从中选择合适的选项补全对话。
A: Hi, Tom. 31
B: I help in the community garden.
A: 32
B: I plant flowers and water them.A.How often do you go there?
B.What do you do there?
C.Do your parents help too?
D.Why do you help in the community garden?
E.How do you help the community?
A: That’s great. 33
B: Once a week.
A: 34
B: Yes, my parents also help.
A: 35
B: Because it makes the community more beautiful.
7、 用单词的适当形式填空补全短文。
Hello! I’m Peter. My friends and I 36 (be) helping people in the old people’s home. Tom is 37 (make) the bed. Amy and Jack are 38 (sing) old songs together. Alice is 39 (tell) a funny story. And everyone is happy. Zhang Peng is 40 (clean) the room. Now the room is beautiful. It is a nice day.
8、 Huahua生病来看医生。阅读对话,完成下列任务。
Mr Smith: What’s wrong with you?
Huahua: Oh, Mr Smith. Something is wrong with one of my teeth. Could you please have a look?
Mr Smith: OK. Let me have a look! The tooth is really bad. I have to pull it out. Please don’t eat too much sweet food.
Huahua: I don’t want you to pull the tooth out. That hurts.
Mr Smith: You should be brave. That will not hurt for a long time. You will feel better soon.
Huahua: OK, Mr Smith.
41.根据对话内容,选择正确的答案。
( )(1) Where is Huahua now?
A.In the hospital. B.In the classroom. C. In the library.
( )(2) What’s Mr Smith’s job?
A.He’s a cleaner. B.He’s a teacher. C. He’s a doctor.
( )(3) ______ is/are good for our teeth.
A. B. C.
42.判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。
( )(1) Huahua’s tooth is bad, and she shouldn’t eat too much sweet food.
( )(2) Mr Smith doesn’t want to pull Huahua’s tooth out.
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
句型、语法
语法提升
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
现在进行时 高频易错点01
一、概念及结构:现在进行时用来表示正在进行或发生的动作。结构为“be(am/is/are)+动词-ing”.
二、现在进行时的标志词:look、listen、now等。
三、句型结构:
句型
构成形式
例句
肯定句
主语+ be动词+动词-ing形式(+其他)。
She is singing in her room.她正在房间里唱歌。
否定句
主语+ be动词+ not+动词-ing形式(+其他)。
I am not swimming now.我现在没在游泳。
一般疑问句
Be动词+主语+动词-ing形式(+其他)?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+ be动词。
否定回答:No,主语+ be动词+ not.
—Are you having an English class?你们正在上英语课吗?
—Yes, we are.是的,我们在(上英语课)。
—No, we aren't.不,我们没在(上英语课)。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+ be动词+主语+动词-ing形式(+其他)?
—What are they doing?他们在干什么? —They are flying kites.他们在放风筝。
四、现在分词(动词加-ing)的变化规则:
1.一般情况下,直接加-ing. 如:cook——cooking,study——studying
2.以不发音的字母e结尾的,去e加-ing. 如:come——coming,make—making
3.以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.如:
swim——swimming,shop——shopping
4.少数以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加-ing. lie—lying die—dying
易错点提示
(3) 遗漏 be 动词:现在进行时必须有 be 动词,不可直接用 “主语 + 动词 - ing”。
错误:He cleaning the playground.(❌)
正确:He is cleaning the playground.(✅)
(4) 动词 - ing 形式拼写错误:
“make” 去 “e” 加 - ing,易误写为 “makeing”(❌),正确:“making”(✅);
“tell” 直接加 - ing,易误写为 “teling”(❌),正确:“telling”(✅)。
(5) 混淆 “现在进行时” 与 “一般现在时”:现在进行时表 “正在做”,一般现在时表 “经常做”,不可混用。
错误:She is often singing old songs.(❌,“often” 表经常,用一般现在时 “sings”)
正确:She often sings old songs.(✅)
小练笔
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Look! The cleaner__________ __________(sweep) the floor.
2.—What __________(be) the students __________(do) now?
—They__________ __________(make)a robot.
3. I __________ __________ (draw)a picture of the elephant now.
4.—__________(be) you __________(write)a story now?
—Yes, I __________(be).
5. Tom is __________(swim).
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1.is sweeping解析:Look!是现在进行时的标志词,表明动作正在发生。主语the cleaner是第三人称单数,所以 be 动词用 “is” ;“sweep”的-ing形式是“sweeping”,故填“is sweeping”。
2.are;doing;are making解析:“now”提示用现在进行时。第一句主语“the students”是复数,be 动词用 “are” ,“do”的 -ing 形式是 “doing” ;第二句主语 “they”是复数,be 动词用 “are” ,“make”的-ing形式是“making”,所以依次填 “are”“doing”“are making” 。
3.am drawing解析:“now”表明是现在进行时。主语 “I”搭配be动词“am”;“draw”的-ing形式是“drawing”,因此填“am drawing”。
4.Are;writing;am解析:“now” 提示现在进行时。第一句主语 “you”(你 / 你们)搭配 be 动词 “are” ,句首首字母大写;“write”(写)的 -ing 形式是 “writing”;答句主语 “I” 搭配 be 动词 “am” ,所以依次填 “Are”“writing”“am”。
5.swimming解析:现在进行时结构“be 动词 + 动词 -ing 形式” ,“swim”是以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母“m”再加-ing,变为“swimming”,“Tom is swimming” 表示 “汤姆正在游泳” ,故填 “swimming” 。
职业描述中 “be 动词” 与 “have/has” 的混用高频易错点02
1. be 动词:用于描述 “职业身份”(表 “是”)
结构:主语 + be + a/an + 职业名词.
例:Liu Jia's father is a bus driver.刘佳的爸爸是一名公交车司机。
2. have/has:用于描述 “拥有的物品或职责相关的事物”(表 “有”)
结构:主语 + have/has + 名词.
例:The police officer has a uniform.警察有一套制服。
易错点提示
(1) 表职业误用 “have/has”:职业是 “身份”,需用 be 动词,不可用 “有”。
错误:She has a nurse.(❌)
正确:She is a nurse.(✅)
(2) 表 “拥有” 误用 “be 动词”:“拥有物品 / 事物” 需用 have/has,不可用 be 动词。
错误:The cook is a lot of food.(❌)
正确:The cook has a lot of food.(✅)
(3) 第三人称单数主语后 “have” 未变 “has”:
错误:The cleaner have a broom.(❌)
正确:The cleaner has a broom.(✅)
小练笔
选择 “be 动词(am/is/are)” 或 “have/has” 填空。
1.My uncle ______ a police officer. He ______ a radio to talk with others.
2.They ______ delivery workers. They ______ many packages to deliver every day.
3.I ______ a volunteer. I ______ a red hat for the volunteer activity.
4.Mrs Lu ______ a cook. She ______ nice skills to make delicious food.
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1.is;has 解析:第一空表职业 “是警察”,用 is;第二空表 “有对讲机”,主语是第三人称单数,用 has。
2.are;have 解析:第一空表职业 “是快递员”,主语复数用 are;第二空表 “有包裹”,主语复数用 have。
3.am;have 解析:第一空主语 I 搭配 am;第二空表 “有红帽子”,用 have。
4.is;has 解析:第一空表职业 “是厨师”,用 is;第二空表 “有好厨艺”,主语第三人称单数用 has。
指示代词 “this/that/these/those” 的用法高频易错点03
近指(离说话人近):单数用 “this”,复数用 “these”;
远指(离说话人远):单数用 “that”,复数用 “those”;
课本高频场景:“Look! Those students are so busy!”(远指复数 “学生”)。
易错点提示
(1) 单复数混淆:“this/that” 后接单数名词,“these/those” 后接复数名词。
错误:This are my community workers.(❌)
正确:These are my community workers.(✅)
(2) 远近指混淆:“over there”(在那边)表远指,需用 “that/those”,不可用 “this/these”。
错误:These students over there are cleaning the room.(❌)
正确:Those students over there are cleaning the room.(✅)
(3) 后接名词冗余:“this/that/these/those” 后直接接名词,无需加 “the”。
错误:Those the police officers are helping people.(❌)
正确:Those police officers are helping people.(✅)
小练笔
选择正确的指示代词(this/that/these/those)填空。
1._________(This/These)is a new community center. It has a big gym.
2.Look at _________(that/those)delivery workers. They are bringing packages to us.
3._________(This/That)old people's home over there is very beautiful.
4._________(These/Those)students near us are singing songs for the old people.
1.This 解析:指代单数 “社区中心”,用 this。
2.those 解析:指代复数 “快递员”,且无 “近指” 提示,用 those。
3.That 解析:“over there” 表远指,指代单数 “养老院”,用 that。
4.These 解析:“near us” 表近指,指代复数 “学生”,用 these。
点
拨
综合训练
1、 选词填空。
1.Jane’s brother is a cook. He is (cook / cooking) lunch for children now.
2.Amy’s mother is cleaning the playground. She is a (clean / cleaner).
3.John’s father is a (firefighter / firefighters). He’s very nice.
4.My mother (is / are) a nurse. She often helps people.
5.Mrs Lu is a school bus driver. She (take / takes) us to school.
6.Mr Li is a cleaner. He (clean / cleans) our community.
7.Look! The police officers (is / are) helping old people cross the road.
8.Our neighbour is (a / an) delivery worker. He helps a lot of people.
2、 用所给词的适当形式填空。
9.Tom is (swim).
10.— (be) you (write) a story now?
—Yes, I (be).
11.I (draw) a picture of the elephant now.
12.—What (be) the students (do) now?
—They (make) a robot.
13.Look! The cleaner (sweep) the floor.
14.They (be cook) delicious food.
15.My parents are drivers. They can (drive) the car.
16.The cleaners (clean) the community every day.
3、 单项选择。
( )17.Look! The girl is ________ on the stage (舞台).
A.dance B.dancing C.danceing
( )18.Look! My mother is _________ for our breakfast.
A.cook B.cooks C.cooking
( )19.What _________ the students doing for their community?
A.are B.be C.is
( )20.Those students _________ busy.
A.is B.are C.be
( )21.My neighbour ________ a police officer. She ________ a lot of people.
A.is; help B.is; helps C.are; helps
( )22.The ________ makes nice cake for the child.
A.bus driver B.delivery worker C.cook
( )23.—What does the ________ do? —He cleans the streets.
A.cook B.cleaner C.police officer
( )24.Who takes people to work by bus?
A.Bus driver B.Delivery worker C.Cleaner
( )25.My neighbour is a ________. She helps a lot of people.
A.police officer B.teacher C.farmer
( )26.My father is a very nice man. My grandpa is ______ very nice.
A.too B.also C.either
( )27.Look! The students are so ______.
A.busy B.busying C.busies
( )28.What ______ the students ______ now?
A.do; does B.are; doing C.does; do
4、 请根据描述,选择相关的职业工具图片。
A. B. C. D.
( )29.I can cook yummy food for people.
( )30.I take students to school every day.
( )31.I clean the park every morning.
( )32.I can give packages (包裹) to you.
5、 选择合适的句子,补全对话。
Betty: The students are busy in the old people’s home.
Tony: 33
Lily: Chen Jie is making the bed.A.Everyone is so busy and helpful.
B.She is singing old songs.
C.Are Binbin and John telling stores?
D.He is cleaning the room.
E.What is Chen Jie doing?
Tony: What is Alan doing?
Lily: 34
Tony: What about Amy?
Lily: 35
Tony: 36
Lily: Yes, they are. 37
6、 句型转换
38.He reads a story.(改为现在进行时)
He a story.
39.My mum is cooking. (对画线部分提问)
your mum ?
40.Chen Jie is telling a funny story. (改为否定句)
Chen Jie a funny story.
41.They are cleaning the room. (改为一般疑问句)
they the room?
7、 Jack是一个摄影爱好者,看看他在奶奶家的拍摄过程,完成下列各题。
Jack takes his new camera(照相机) to his grandma’s home.
His cousins are playing football. “Big smile,” says Jack. Click! Goes the camera.
Uncle Tom is cooking fish in the kitchen. “Big smile,” says Jack. Click! Goes the camera.
Grandma is reading books at the table in the bedroom. “Big smile,” says Jack. Click! Goes the camera. Grandma is happy.
Aunt Alice is cleaning the windows. “Big smile,” says Jack. Click! Goes the camera.
Where are Jack’s mum and dad? Look! They’re cleaning Grandma’s car. “Big smile,” says Jack. Click! Goes the camera.
42.判断正误,正确的写“T”,错误的写“F”。
( )Jack’s father is cleaning his car.
43.选择正确的答案。
( )(1) How many photos does Jack take?
A.Six. B.Seven. C.Five.
( )(2) Where is Jack’s grandma?
A.In the kitchen. B.In the bedroom. C.In the car.
( )(3) Who’s Uncle Tom?
A. B. C.
( )(4) How are Jack’s family?
A.They are nice. B.They are sad. C.They are unkind.
8、 读一读,判断句子正(T)误(F)。
Look! Amy is in the old people’s home. She is sweeping the floor. She is helpful. She often goes there. Bob is in the kindergarten. He likes singing very much. He is singing songs with the children. They're very happy. And Bob makes a new friend today too. Mike, John and Alice are so busy. They are cleaning the park. A clean park can make the community beautiful. We can't throw the rubbish (扔垃圾) everywhere.
( )44.Amy is in the kindergarten.
( )45.Amy is sweeping the floor.
( )46.Bob likes reading books.
( )47.Bob makes a new friend today.
( )48.Mike, John and Alice are cleaning the playground.
参考答案
1.cooking
【详解】句意:简的哥哥是一名厨师。他现在正在给孩子们做午饭。本题考查动词的形式。根据now可知句子时态为现在进行时,结构为:be动词 + 现在分词,cook烹饪,现在分词为cooking,故答案为cooking。
2.cleaner
【详解】句意:艾米的妈妈正在打扫操场。她是一名清洁工。本题考查名词的用法。clean打扫,动词;cleaner清洁工,名词。a后跟可数名词单数,故答案为cleaner。
3.firefighter
【详解】句意:约翰的爸爸是一名_______。他很友好。本题考查可数名词及其单复数。a修饰可数名词单数firefighter,故答案为firefighter。
4.is
【详解】句意:我妈妈是一名护士。她经常帮助人。本题考查be动词。主语My mother是单数,be用is,故答案为is。
5.takes
【详解】句意:陆夫人是一名公共汽车司机。她带我们去学校。本题考查动词的形式。句子是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用第三人称单数takes,take是动词原形,故答案为take。
6.cleans
【详解】句意:李先生是一名清洁工。他打扫我们的社区。本题考查动词的形式。主语He是单数,后面的动词用第三人称单数形式cleans,故答案为cleans。
7.are
【详解】句意:看!警察们正在帮助老人过马路。本题考查be动词。主语是复数名词,be用are,故答案为are。
8.a
【详解】句意:我的邻居是一名快递员。他帮助了许多的人。本题考查不定冠词。delivery worker快递员,是以辅音音素开头的名词词组,前面要用不定冠词a修饰,故答案为a。
9.swimming
【详解】句意:汤姆正在游泳。本题考查动词的形式。swim动词,游泳,根据is可知时态是现在进行时,结构是be+动词的现在分词,swim的现在分词是swimming,故答案为swimming。
10. Are writing am
【详解】句意:—你现在在写故事吗?—是的,我是。本题考查现在进行时,动词的形式和be动词引导的一般疑问句及其答语。根据now可知句子是现在进行时,用be+动词的现在分词,主语是you,be用are,write的现在分词是writing,答语中主语是I,be用am。故答案为Are,writing,am。
11.am drawing
【详解】句意:我现在在画一张大象的画。本题考查现在进行时。根据now可知句子是现在进行时,用be+动词的现在分词,主语是I,be用am,draw的现在分词是drawing,故答案为am drawing。
12. are doing are making
【详解】句意:—学生们现在在做什么?—他们在做机器人。本题考查现在进行时,be动词做助动词和动词的形式。根据now可知句子是现在进行时,第一空主语是复数名词,be用are;第二空动词用现在分词,do的现在分词是doing;第三空用be+动词的现在分词,主语是they,be用are,make的现在分词是making,故答案为are,doing,are making。
13.is sweeping
【详解】句意:看!清洁工正在扫地。本题考查现在进行时。根据“Look”可知句子时态是现在进行时,其结构为:主语+be+动词的现在分词+其他。主语The cleaner 是单数,be用is,sweep的现在分词是sweeping,故答案为is sweeping。
14. are cooking
【详解】句意:他们/她们正在做美味的食物。本题考查现在进行时。根据be cook可知时态是现在进行时,结构是be+动词的现在分词,主语是they,be动词用are,cook的现在分词是cooking,故答案为are ;cooking。
15.drive
【详解】句意:我的父母是司机。他们会开车。本题考查动词的形式。can后跟动词原形,故答案为drive。
16.clean
【详解】句意:清洁工每天打扫社区。本题考查动词的形式。根据句意可知句子是一般现在时,主语The cleaners是复数,后面的动词用原形,故答案为clean。
17.B
【详解】句意:看!那个女孩正在舞台上跳舞。本题考查动词的形式,dance跳舞,A动词原形,B动词的现在分词或动名词,C拼写错误,由Look和is可知句子时态是现在进行时,其结构为:主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其他。dance的现在分词为dancing,故选B。
18.C
【详解】句意:看!我妈妈正在为我们做早餐。本题考查动词的形式。A动词原形,B动词的第三人称单数,C动词的现在分词或动名词。根据Look可知句子时态为现在进行时,结构为:be动词 + 动词的现在分词。选项C符合题意,故选C。
19.A
【详解】句意:学生们正在为他们的社区做什么?本题考查be动词作助动词。句子时态是现在进行时,结构为:be + doing,主语the students为复数,需与复数形式的be动词are搭配,故选A。
20.B
【详解】句意:那些学生很忙。本题考查be动词。主语Those students是复数,需搭配be动词are,故选B。
21.B
【详解】句意:我的邻居是一名警察。她帮助了很多人。本题考查be动词和动词的形式。句子是一般现在时,第一空主语“My neighbour”为第三人称单数,需用is;第二空主语“She”也为第三人称单数,动词需用help的第三人称单数helps。故选B。
22.C
【详解】句意:厨师为孩子制作美味的蛋糕。本题考查名词和名词词组辨析。A公交车司机,B送货员,C厨师,厨师为孩子们做蛋糕,故选C。
23.B
【详解】句意:—清洁工是做什么的?—他打扫街道。本题考查名词和名词词组辨析。A厨师,B清洁工,C警察,根据常识可知清洁工打扫街道,故选B。
24.A
【详解】句意:谁用公交车载人们去上班?本题考查名词词组和名词辨析。A公交车司机,B送货员,C清洁工,公交车司机的职责是驾驶公交车运送乘客,符合题意,故选A。
25.A
【详解】句意:我的邻居是一名________。她帮助了很多人。本题考查名词辨析。A警察,B老师,C农民。选项A符合句意,故选A。
26.B
【详解】句意:我爸爸是一个很友好的人。我爷爷也很友好。本题考查副词辨析。A也,用在肯定句句末;B也,用在句中;C也,用在否定句句末。故选B。
27.A
【详解】句意:看!学生们很忙。本题考查形容词的用法。横线处填形容词busy忙碌的,做are的表语,故选A。
28.B
【详解】句意:学生们现在正在做什么?根据now可知本题考查现在进行时,be+动词的现在分词,故选B。
29.D 30.A 31.B 32.C
【解析】29.句意:我会给人们做美味的食物。根据句意可知职业是厨师,选项D是厨师的工具,句图匹配,故选D。
30.句意:我每天带学生们去学校。根据句意可知职业是公共汽车司机,选项A是司机的工具,句图匹配,故选A。
31.句意:我每天早上打扫公园。根据句意可知职业是清洁工,选项B是清洁工的工具,句图匹配,故选B。
32.句意:我可以给你包裹。根据句意可知职业是快递员,选项C是快递员的工具,句图匹配,故选C。
33.E 34.D 35.B 36.C 37.A
【导语】本文主要是围绕着学生们在敬老院照顾老人展开的对话。
33.下句答:陈杰正在整理床铺。可知本句应问陈杰正在干什么,选项E“陈杰正在干什么?”符合语境,故选E。
34.上句问:艾伦正在干什么?可知本句应回答艾伦正在干的事情,选项D“他正在打扫房间。”符合语境,故选D。
35.上句问:艾米呢?可知本句应回答艾米正在干的事情,选项B“她正在唱老歌。”符合语境,故选B。
36.下句答:是的,他们是。可知本句应为一般疑问句,选项C“彬彬和约翰正在讲故事吗?”符合语境,故选C。
37.通过前文可知同学们都在忙着在敬老院做力所能及的事,尾句应做总结,选项A“每个人都是相当的忙碌并且乐于助人的。”符合语境,故选A。
38. is reading
【详解】原句句意:他读故事。本题考查句型转换。题目要求改为现在进行时。其句子结构为:主语+be+动词现在分词+其他。主语he是第三人称单数,be动词用is,read的现在分词形式为reading,故答案为is,reading。
39. What is doing
【详解】原句句意:我妈妈正在做饭。 本题考查句型转换。画线部分是所做的事,用what提问,问句意思为:你的妈妈正在做什么?时态为现在进行时。问句结构为:what+be+主语+doing? 主语your mum,助动词用is。故答案为What;is;doing。
40. isn’t telling
【详解】原句句意:陈洁正在讲有趣的故事。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句,时态是现在进行时。改为否定句需在be动词后加not表示否定,is not可以缩写成isn’t,故答案为isn’t,telling。
41. Are cleaning
【详解】原句句意:他们在打扫房间。本题考查句型转换。句子是陈述句,时态是现在进行时。改为一般疑问句需将be动词提前,句意为:他们正在打扫房间吗?故答案为Are;cleaning。
42.F 43. C B C A
【导语】本文主要写了杰克给家人拍照的事情。
42.句意:杰克的爸爸正在洗他的车。根据文中句子“They’re cleaning Grandma’s car.”可知杰克的爸爸妈妈正在洗奶奶的车,故答案为F。
43.(1)句意:杰克拍了多少照片?A六张。B七张。C五张。根据文中内容可知杰克给“His cousins、Uncle Tom、Grandma、Aunt Alice、Jack’s mum and dad”一共拍了五张照片,故选C。
(2)句意:杰克的奶奶在哪里?A在厨房。B在卧室。C在汽车里。根据文中句子“Grandma is reading books at the table in the bedroom.”可知奶奶在卧室里,故选B。
(3)句意:汤姆叔叔是谁?根据文中句子“Uncle Tom is cooking fish in the kitchen.”可知汤姆叔叔正在厨房里做鱼,所以C选项符合,故选C。
(4)句意:杰克的家人怎么样?A他们是好的。B他们是伤心的。C他们是不和蔼的。根据文中内容可知,家人们都在做自己的事情,并且很配合Jack拍照,奶奶也很开心,所以他们都很好,故选A。
44.F 45.T 46.F 47.T 48.F
【导语】本文主要描述了学生们在社区服务的场景。
44.句意:艾米在幼儿园。根据文中“Amy is in the old people’s home.”可知艾米在敬老院,句子与原文不符,故答案为F。
45.句意:艾米正在扫地。根据文中“She is sweeping the floor. She is helpful.”可知艾米正在扫地,句子与原文相符,故答案为T。
46.句意:鲍勃喜欢读书。根据文中“Bob is in the kindergarten. He likes singing very much.”可知鲍勃喜欢唱歌,句子与原文不符,故答案为F。
47.句意:鲍勃今天交了一个新朋友。根据文中“And Bob makes a new friend today too.”可知鲍勃今天交了一个新朋友,句子与原文相符,故答案为T。
48.句意:麦克,约翰和爱丽丝正在扫地面。根据文中“Mike, John and Alice are so busy. They are cleaning the park.”可知麦克,约翰和爱丽丝正在扫公园,句子与原文不符,故答案为F。
Unit 5 The weather and us
专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练
语音、词汇、短语
基础知识
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
语音:字母组合 “th” 的发音 (教材第54页)高频易错点01
发音规则:“th” 在单词中主要有两种发音,需结合 Unit 5 高频词区分:
发音类型
发音特点
例词音标
清辅音/θ/
舌尖轻触上齿背,气流送出发音,声带不振动
thin /θɪn/、thank /θæŋk/
浊辅音/ð/
舌尖轻触上齿背,气流送出发音,声带振动
these /ðiːz/、they /ðeɪ/
易错点提示
(1) 混淆清浊辅音:易将 “thin”(/θɪn/)读成浊辅音 /ðɪn/(错误),或将 “these”(/ðiːz/)读成清辅音 /θiːz/(错误),需通过 “声带是否振动” 区分(手摸喉咙,振动为浊辅音,不振动为清辅音)。
(2) 漏读 “th” 发音:将 “three”(/θriː/)误读成 /triː/(漏读 “θ”,直接读 “tree” 音),正确需先发出 “θ” 的齿间音,再接 “riː”。
(3) 与 “s” 发音混淆:“th” 的 /θ/ 音与 “s” 的 /s/ 音不同(“s” 发音时舌尖不触齿背),如 “think”(/θɪŋk/)不可读成 /sɪŋk/(错误)。
小练笔
找出每组单词中“th”发音不同的一项。
( )1.A.these B.there C.mouth
( )2.A.thin B.think C.they
( )3.A.three B.those C.brother
( )4.A.them B.thank C.that
1.C解析:“these”(/ðiːz/ )和 “there”(/ðeə(r)/ )中 “th” 发浊辅音 /ð/ ;“mouth”(/maʊθ/ )中 “th” 发清辅音 /θ/ ,发音不同,选 C。
2.C解析:“thin”(/θɪn/ )和 “think”(/θɪŋk/ )里 “th” 发 /θ/ ;“they”(/ðeɪ/ )中 “th” 发 /ð/ ,发音不同,选 C。
3.A解析:“those”(/ðəʊz/ )和 “brother”(/ˈbrʌðə(r)/ )中 “th” 发 /ð/ ;“three”(/θriː/ )里 “th” 发 /θ/ ,发音不同,选 A。
4.B解析:“them”(/ðəm/ )和 “that”(/ðæt/ )中 “th” 发 /ð/ ;“thank”(/θæŋk/ )里 “th” 发 /θ/ ,发音不同,选 B。
点
拨
天气类形容词的用法高频易错点02
1. 天气类形容词用于描述天气状况,基本句型如下:
—What's the weather like + 地点(+ 时间)?
—It's + 天气形容词(+ and + 天气形容词).
例:—What's the weather like in Beijing? 北京的天气怎么样?
—It's cool and sunny.凉爽,阳光明媚。
2. 常见天气形容词及搭配:
天气形容词
对应天气现象
例句
sunny晴天,有太阳
warm/hot
It's warm and sunny in Sydney.
rainy雨天,下雨
cool/cold
It's cold and rainy in London.
snowy雪天,下雪
cold
It's cold and snowy in Harbin.
windy有风天,刮风
warm/cool
It's warm and windy in Guangzhou.
易错点提示
(1) 词性混淆:混淆 “天气形容词” 与 “天气名词”,如 “下雨的” 是 rainy(形容词),不可用 rain(名词,表 “雨水”),错误:“It's rain today.”(❌),正确:“It's rainy today.”(✅);同理 “下雪的” 是 snowy,不可用 snow。
(2) 温度与天气形容词搭配矛盾:如 “hot and snowy”(炎热又下雪)不符合常识(下雪天通常寒冷),正确搭配应为 “cold and snowy”;“cold and sunny”(寒冷又晴朗)合理(如冬季晴天),但 “hot and rainy”(炎热又下雨)(如夏季雨天)才符合常见逻辑。
(3) 句型漏词:询问天气的固定句型 “What's the weather like...?” 不可漏 “like”,错误:“What's the weather in Shanghai?”(❌),正确:“What's the weather like in Shanghai?”(✅)。
小练笔
选择正确的天气形容词填空。
sunny rainy snowy windy
1.It's __________ today. We can fly a kite in the park.
2.It's __________ in Harbin in winter. We can make a snowman.
3.It's __________ and hot in Singapore. We can go swimming.
4.It's __________ outside. Don't forget to take an umbrella.
改正错误句子。
5.What's the weather in Toronto?
→ ________________________________________________
6.It's snow today. It's very cold.
→ ________________________________________________
7.It's hot and snowy in Beijing.
→ ________________________________________________
1.windy 解析:“放风筝” 需要风,对应 windy。
2.snowy 解析:“堆雪人” 需要雪,对应 snowy。
3.sunny 解析:“游泳” 适合晴天,对应 sunny。
4.rainy 解析:“带伞” 因为下雨,对应 rainy。
5.What's the weather like in Toronto? 解析:询问天气的句型需加 “like”。
6.It's snowy today. It's very cold. 解析:“下雪的” 用形容词 snowy,不用名词 snow。
7.It's cold and snowy in Beijing. 解析:“炎热又下雪” 不符合常识,将hot改为cold。
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天气与活动的搭配 (教材第55/56页)高频易错点03
不同天气对应不同的室内外活动,核心搭配规则:
天气类型
室内外活动
例句
sunny晴天
play basketball、swim
On sunny days, we can play basketball.
windy有风天
fly a kite
On windy days, we can fly a kite.
snowy下雪天
make a snowman
On snowy days, we can make a snowman.
rainy雨天
see a film、read books、make cards
It's rainy. We can't play basketball. But we can see a film.
易错点提示
(1) 活动与天气逻辑矛盾:如 “rainy days(雨天)” 做 “fly a kite(放风筝)”(错误,雨天不适合放风筝),正确:“windy days fly a kite”;“snowy days(下雪天)” 做 “swim(游泳)”(错误,下雪天寒冷不适合游泳),正确:“snowy days make a snowman”。
(2) “can” 与 “can't” 混淆:根据天气判断 “能否做某事”,如 “晴天能打篮球” 是 “We can play basketball on sunny days.”,若误写为 “We can't play basketball...”(错误),违背天气与活动的逻辑。
(3) 动词形式错误:“can/can't” 后接动词原形,如
错误:“We can playing football.”(❌)
正确:“We can play football.”(✅)。
小练笔
根据天气选择正确的活动(填序号)。
A. play basketball B. fly a kite C. make a snowman D. see a film
1.It's sunny and warm. We can __________________.
2.It's windy. We can __________________.
3.It's snowy. We can __________________.
4.It's rainy. We can't play football. But we can __________________.
用 “can” 或 “can't” 补全句子,并填入合适的活动。
5.It's hot and sunny today. We ______ ______ ______(游泳)in the pool.
6.It's cold and snowy. We ______ ______ ______ ______(放风筝)outside. But we ______ ______ ______ ______(堆雪人).
7.It's cloudy and cool. We ______ ______ ______(打篮球)in the playground.
1.A 解析:晴天适合打篮球。
2.B 解析:有风天适合放风筝。
3.C 解析:下雪天适合堆雪人。
4.D 解析:雨天适合看电影(室内活动)。
5.can;go swimming 解析:晴天炎热可游泳,“can” 后接动词原形 “go swimming”。
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6.can't;fly a kite;can;make a snowman 解析:下雪天不能放风筝(can't fly a kite),但能堆雪人(can make a snowman)。
7.can;play basketball 解析:多云凉爽天可打篮球,“can” 后接原形 “play basketball”。
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温度表达与读写 (教材第51/52页)高频易错点04
1.温度表达的基本结构:数字 + degrees(缩写℃)
如:21 degrees(21℃)、two degrees(2℃)、-6 degrees(零下 6℃,读作 “minus six degrees”)。
2.温度与天气形容词匹配:
高温(25℃及以上):hot(炎热的),如 30℃ → It's hot.
中温(15℃-24℃):warm(温暖的),如 23℃ → It's warm.
微凉(5℃-14℃):cool(凉爽的),如 11℃ → It's cool.
低温(4℃及以下):cold(寒冷的),如 2℃、-6℃ → It's cold.
易错点提示
(1) 漏写 “degrees” 或缩写 “℃”:如 “21” 不可直接表示温度,需写 “21 degrees” 或 “21℃”,错误:“It's 21 in Sydney.”(❌),正确:“It's 21 degrees in Sydney.”(✅)。
(2) 温度与天气形容词矛盾:如 “2℃” 搭配 “warm”(错误,2℃是低温,应搭配 cold),错误:“It's 2 degrees. It's warm.”(❌),正确:“It's 2 degrees. It's cold.”(✅)。
(3) 零下温度读写错误:“-6℃” 读作 “minus six degrees”,不可读作 “six degrees”(错误);写作时不可漏写 “-”,错误:“6 degrees”(表零上 6℃,非零下),正确:“-6 degrees”。
小练笔
根据温度选择正确的天气形容词(hot/warm/cool/cold)。
1.32℃ → It's ____________.
2.18℃ → It's ____________.
3.5℃ → It's ____________.
4.-3℃ → It's ____________.
改正错误的温度表达。
5.It's 15 in London. It's cool.
→ ________________________________________________
6.It's minus 10 degree in Moscow. It's cold.
→ ________________________________________________
7.It's 28 degrees in Beijing. It's cold.
→ ________________________________________________
1.hot 解析:32℃是高温,对应 hot。
2.warm 解析:18℃是中温,对应 warm。
3.cool 解析:5℃是微凉,对应 cool。
4.cold 解析:-3℃是低温,对应 cold。
5.It's 15 degrees in London. It's cool. 解析:温度表达需加 “degrees”。
6.It's minus 10 degrees in Moscow. It's cold. 解析:“10 度” 是复数,“degree” 改为 “degrees”。
7.It's 28 degrees in Beijing. It's hot. 解析:28℃是高温,将 cold 改为 hot。
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综合训练
1、 根据所给图片提示填空。
1.It’s windy. Let’s .
2.—Can I go outside and play football?
—Yes, you . It’s and .
3.—Is it cloudy?— , it .
4.—What’s the weather like today? —It’s .
5.—What’s the weather like today?
—It’s . Put on your .
6.On rainy days, we can’t .
2、 根据图片选择正确的选项补全描述。
A.play basketball B.fly a kite C.see a film D.make a snowman
7.We can on windy days.
8.Wow, it’s snowing! Let’s .
9.It’s cold and rainy. We can at home.
10.On sunny days, we can together.
3、 单项选择。
( )11.It’s ______ in Beijing now.
A.rain B.rains C.raining
( )12.On rainy days, we can ______.
A.play football outside B.make a snowman C.read books at home
( )13.It’s 20 degrees in Shanghai. It’s ______.
A.warm B.cold C.hot
( )14.—______ the weather like in Hangzhou?
—It’s sunny and windy.
A.What B.What’s C.How
( )15.—Hello. Mr Wang ______.
—Hi, Mr Wang. This is Mr Li.
A.speaks B.speak C.speaking
( )16.It’s cool and _______. Let’s go out for fun.
A.sunny B.cold C.hot
( )17.It’s cold and snowy. We can ______.
A.make a card B.go to the library C.make a snowman
( )18.It’s sunny and windy. We can ______.
A.make a snowman B.fly a kite C.swim in the pool
( )19.It’s _______ here. It’s only two degrees here.
A.hot B.cold C.cool
( )20.—_______ does he look like?
—He has small eyes and a big nose.
A.How B.What C.Why
4、 排序题
21.请将下列句子进行排序,组成一段通顺的对话。
A.Good idea!
B.Oh no! We can’t play outside.
C.It’s raining now.
D.But the gym is closed now.
E. There is a new film on. Let’s go and see it.
F. It’s OK. We can go to the gym.
C→ ( )→( )→( )→( )→( )
5、 根据不同天气的活动,选择正确图片。
A. B. C. D. E.
( )22.It’s hot and sunny. I can play football outside.
( )23.The weather is cool and windy. Let’s fly kites!
( )24.There is a new film on. It’s rainy and we can see it.
( )25.It’s raining. We can’t play basketball in the park.
( )26.On snowy days, we can make a snowman.
6、 选择合适的选项补全他们的对话。
Tom: Hello! Tom speaking.
Alice: Hi, Tom. This is Alice. 27 A.It’s 12 degrees.
B.It’s raining now.
C.Is it cold?
D.What’s the weather like in Shanghai?
E.You can read books at home.
Tom: Well, it’s cloudy today.
Alice: 28
Tom: No, it isn’t. 29
Alice: That’s not bad.
Tom: How about Sydney?
Alice: 30 I can’t go outside.
Tom: It’s OK. 31
Alice: Good idea!
7、 根据图片提示,选择合适的选项补全短文。
Hi, I’m Sarah. I’m in London. Oh! It’s 32 (rainy / cloudy) today. I can’t play outside. So I’m 33 (reading a book / seeing a film) at home now. I love different 34 (jobs / weather). I like to play basketball in the park on 35 (sunny / windy) days. On snowy days, I can 36 (play football / make a snowman) with my friends. I can have fun in different weather.
8、 阅读几位同学所在地的天气和活动,选择正确答案。
John: I’m in Kunming now. It’s cool and windy. It’s 18 degrees. I am flying a kite in the park. I’m having fun.
Liu Jia: Singapore is hot and sunny now. It’s 30 degrees. It’s a good time to go swimming. I can also eat ice cream.
Wu Binbin: It’s cold and snowy in Moscow. It’s only 1 degree. But I like it. I can make a snowman. I can go skiing(滑雪) too.
Sarah: I’m in London now. It’s sunny. I take a walk in the park. But the weather here is just like a child’s face. It’s changeable. So I always take an umbrella.
( )37.John is in _________ now.
A.Kunming B.Singapore C.Moscow
( )38.Liu Jia can wear _________ in Singapore.
A. B. C.
( )39.What’s the weather like in Moscow?
A.Cool and windy. B.Hot and sunny. C.Cold and snowy.
( )40.The underlined word changeable means _________.
A.稳定的 B.多变的 C.温和的
( )41.The passage is about different _________.
A.weather and clothes B.weather and activities C.countries and activities.
9、 老师讲了一个有关天气的故事。读故事,完成任务。
42.根据故事内容,用can或can’t填空。
It’s warm and sunny.
I jump on the grass all day. Let’s play!
I play now. I’m preparing(准备) food for the cold days.
It’s cool and windy.
Listen to me! I sing all day. Sing with me!
I sing now. You should prepare too.
It’s cold and snowy.
I find food. I jump or sing. I am cold and hungry.
Come in! I share my food with you. You should learn a lesson.
( )43.根据故事内容可推测“learn a lesson”的意思为“ ”。
A.学习一堂课 B.吸取教训 C.学会上课
参考答案
1. fly a kite
【详解】句意:天气有风。让我们放风筝吧。本题考查动词短语和动词的形式。图中是放风筝fly a kite,let’s后跟动词原形,故答案为fly,a,kite。
2. can sunny warm
【详解】句意:—我能出去踢足球吗?—是的,你能。天气晴朗且温暖。本题考查一般疑问句的答语和形容词的用法。can引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答是Yes, 主语+can. 根据图片可知天气是晴朗且温暖的,晴朗的sunny,温暖的warm,故答案为can,sunny,warm。
3. No isn’t
【详解】句意:—天气多云吗?—不,不是。本题考查一般疑问句的答语。根据图片可知天气有风,答语为否定回答No, it isn’t. 故答案为No,isn’t。
4.snowy
【详解】句意:—今天的天气怎么样?—天气有雪。本题考查形容词的用法。根据图片可知有雪的,有雪的snowy,形容词,做is的表语,故答案为snowy。
5. cold scarf
【详解】句意:—今天天气怎么样?—是________。戴上你的________。本题考查形容词辨析及名词辨析。根据图意可知,天气是冷的,戴上围巾。冷的cold,形容词;围巾scarf,名词。故答案为cold;scarf。
6. play basketball
【详解】句意:下雨天,我们不能打篮球。本题考查动词短语和动词的形式。根据图片可知是play basketball打篮球,情态动词后跟动词原形,故答案为play,basketball。
7.B 8.D 9.C 10.A
【解析】7.句意:我们可以在有风的天气放风筝。图片中人物在放风筝,fly a kite放风筝,与图片相符,故选B。
8.句意:哇哦,现在下雪了!让我们去堆雪人。图片中人物在堆雪人,make a snowman堆雪人,与图片相符,故选D。
9.句意:现在很冷而且下着雨。我们可以在家看电影。图片中人物在看电影,see a film看电影,与图片相符,故选C。
10.句意:在晴天时,我们可以一起打篮球。图片中人物在打篮球,play basketball打篮球,与图片相符,故选A。
11.C
【详解】句意:北京现在正在下雨。本题考查动词的形式。rain下雨,A动词原形,B动词的第三人称单数形式,C动词的现在分词或动名词,由is和now可知句子时态是现在进行时,动词用现在分词结构,故选C。
12.C
【详解】句意:在下雨天,我们可以______。本题考查动词短语辨析。A在户外踢足球;B堆雪人;C在家看书。根据生活常识可知下雨天适合在家看书,故选C。
13.A
【详解】句意:上海20度,天气______。本题考查形容词辨析。A暖和的,B冷的,C热的。根据生活常识可知20度属于暖和的范围,故选A。
14.B
【详解】句意:—杭州的天气怎么样?—晴朗且有风。本题考查特殊疑问句。A什么,B是什么,C怎么样。询问天气用“What’s the weather like...?或How is the weather...?”,故选B。
15.C
【详解】句意:—你好。我是王先生。—你好,王先生。我是李先生。本题考查动词的形式。在英语中,接电话时表示某人正在接听常用“This is... speaking”或直接说“... speaking”,此处省略了“This is”,直接使用“Mr Wang speaking”表示王先生本人在接电话。故选C。
16.A
【详解】句意:天气凉爽且晴朗。我们出去玩吧。本题考查并列形容词的合理搭配。cool(凉爽的)常与sunny(晴朗的)搭配,表示舒适宜人的天气,适合外出活动。cold(寒冷的)或hot(炎热的)与cool语义矛盾,且不符合外出游玩的语境。故选A。
17.C
【详解】句意:天气寒冷且下雪。我们可以______。本题考查根据情境选择恰当活动的常识。题干提到“寒冷且有雪”,堆雪人(make a snowman)是符合此天气条件的典型活动。其他选项与下雪场景无直接关联。A制作一张卡片,B去图书馆,不符合题意。故选C。
18.B
【详解】句意:天气晴朗且有风。我们可以______。本题考查天气与活动的搭配。晴天且有风时,适合放风筝(fly a kite),因为风力是放风筝的必要条件。堆雪人(A)需下雪,游泳(C)更强调天气炎热,与“有风”关联较弱。故选B。
19.B
【详解】句意:这里很______。这里只有两度。本题考查形容词的语境辨析。根据“两度”可知气温很低,应选择表示寒冷的形容词“cold”。A热的,C凉爽的,不符合题意。故选B。
20.B
【详解】句意:—他长什么样子?—他有一双小眼睛和一个大鼻子。本题考查疑问词的选择。询问外貌时,固定句型为“What does... look like?”,其中“What”对应描述外貌的回答。A怎样,C为什么,不符合同意。故选B。
21. B F D E A
【分析】所给各项汉语意思:
A. 好主意!
B. 哦,不!我们不能在外面玩。
C. 现在正在下雨。
D. 但体育馆现在关门了。
E. 有一部新电影在上映。让我们去看吧。
F. 没关系。我可以去体育馆。
根据句子汉语意思,可知对话大意为:讨论出去玩。
【详解】说现在正在下雨(已给出)—说不能出去玩—说去体育馆—说体育馆关门了—说去看新电影—说好主意。
故答案为BFDEA。
22.D 23.B 24.A 25.E 26.C
【解析】22.句意:天气炎热且阳光明媚。我可以在户外踢足球。选项D是踢足球,与句子匹配,故选D。
23.句意:天气凉爽且风大。我们去放风筝吧!选项B是放风筝,与句子匹配,故选B。
24.句意:正在播放一部新电影。现在下雨了,我们可以去看。选项A是看电影,与句子匹配,故选A。
25.句意:下雨了。我们不能在公园里打篮球。选项E是下雨,与句子匹配,故选E。
26.句意:下雪天,我们可以堆雪人。选项C是堆雪人,与句子匹配,故选C。
27.D 28.C 29.A 30.B 31.E
【导语】本文写汤姆和爱丽丝通过电话了解天气情况。
27.下文句意:嗯,今天多云。可知前文是询问天气,选项D“上海的天气怎么样?”。符合语境,故选D。
28.下文句意:不,不冷。可知上文是be动词引导的一般疑问句,选项C“天气冷吗?”,符合语境,故选C。
29.下文句意:那不坏。可知上文是描述跟天气不冷有关的,根据备选项,可知选项A“现在是12度。”,符合语境,故选A。
30.前文句意:悉尼(的天气)呢?可知下文回复悉尼的天气,选项B“现在正在下雨。”,符合语境,故选B。
31.下文句意:好主意!可知上文表示建议。选项E“你可以在家看书。”,符合语境,故选E。
32.rainy 33.reading a book 34.weather 35.sunny 36.make a snowman
【导语】本文介绍了作者喜欢的天气和在不同的天气做的事情。
32.句意:今天天气_____。rainy多雨的,cloudy多云的,图片是下雨的,故答案为rainy。
33.句意:所以我正在家里______。reading a book读书,seeing a film看电影,图中是读书,故答案为reading a book。
34.句意:我喜欢不同的_____。jobs工作,weather天气,图中是不同的天气,故答案为weather。
35.句意:我喜欢在_____在公园里打篮球。sunny晴朗的,windy多风的,图中是晴天,故答案为sunny。
36.句意:在下雪的天,我可以和朋友们_____。play football踢足球,make a snowman堆雪人,图中是堆雪人,故答案为make a snowman。
37.A 38.B 39.C 40.B 41.B
【导语】本文讲了天气和活动。
37.句意:约翰现在在_______。A昆明,B新加坡,C莫斯科,根据“John: I’m in Kunming now.”,可知约翰现在在昆明,故选A。
38.句意:刘佳在新加坡可以穿_______。根据“Liu Jia: Singapore is hot and sunny now. It’s 30 deg$