Unit 4 Achievements（单元测试·基础卷）英语沪教版2020必修第二册

2025-2026学年高一必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 4 ·基础卷（参考答案） I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） 1-5 DAAAA 6-10 BBAAA 11-13 AAA 14-16 ABA 17-20 ABAD II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A 21．remembering 22．where 23．have bowed 24．how 25．unless 26．yourself 27．rewired 28．Like 29．what 30．more likely Section B 31．D 32．K 33．F 34．C 35．A 36．I 37．J 38．G 39．B 40．H III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．D 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．A Section B 56．D 57．D 58．C 59．A 60．D 61．B 62．C 63．A 64．B 65．A 66．C Section C 67．A 68．F 69．B 70．E IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Although experts say modern technology has a significant effect on classroom learning, the writer holds a different view. Schools have invested much to apply computers in their classroom teaching, but it hasn’t changed the classroom teaching because what teachers teach is more important. But computers make it possible for those with no access to school to study on their own. V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) 72.He boiled some water with a/the kettle and made a cup of tea for me. 73.What these two movies have in common are novel stories, powerful special effects, and a great cast of celebrities 74.After the three-month restoration/renovation/update, the lecture hall/auditorium is equipped with/has been equipped with the top-class visual and audio equipment/facilities, taking on a new look. 75.The staff of the botanical garden also prepared multiple short plays to lead children into the world of plants in a more interesting and diverse way. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Dear Sir/Madam, I am Li Hua, a second-year student at Ming Qi High School. I am writing to apply for the summer volunteer position at our community library, as I am keen on having a memorable experience during my vacation. I believe I am a suitable candidate due to my strong organizational skills and previous volunteer experience. I have worked as a volunteer at a school library, where I enhanced my ability to manage books systematically and assist readers patiently. Additionally, I am enthusiastic about reading and sharing knowledge with others. I would be grateful if you could consider my application. I look forward to contributing positively to the library. Sincerely, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $One listening comprehension section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice is the best answer to the question you have heard. Now you have one hundred seconds to read all the choices on the screen. One, excuse me, i'm looking for some fresh produce. Are these apple's organic? Yes, all the fruit in this section is organically grown. Question, where does this conversation most probably take place? too. Good morning, madam. I'm looking for something exciting to read. Can you recommend a good mystery novel? Certainly, if you're interested in classic mysteries, I highly recommend the hound of the best reveals by sir author coin . doll question, who is most probably the woman? Three, should we stop for food? I'm getting a bit hungry. Good idea. I saw a sign for a dinner just a few miles back. I heard it's known for its home made pies and classic dinner. Breakfast could be a fun spot to check out question. what does the man suggest doing? For do we have a meeting scheduled for this project? Yes, let's meet next wednesday to discuss the progress and next steps. question whether the speakers mainly talking about. Five, i'm really feeling stressed about my final exams and my future career path. It's natural, feel that way. But if you were less hard on yourself, you might find the experience less stressful. Question, what does the man suggest the woman should do? Six, can you take the scenic route to the airport? I'm in no rush. Sure thing i'd be happy to. The scenic route along the coast is indeed beautiful, especially at this time of day. Question, what does the woman request the me to do? Seven, how's the new project at work going? You seemed really excited about IT last week. It's definitely not a piece of cake. The deadlines are tight and the clients expectations are high. But I enjoy the chAllenge. And what does the man mean? Eight, how did you find your steak? To be honest, I was tough as old boots. Could I have . IT replaced? Question, what does the woman mean? Nine, the man at the garage thinks that I take good care of my car. so do I. I can't see any scratches on the outside, and the inside is clean too. Question, what does the woman think of the man's car? Ten, if you could, would you trade seats with your sister? Yeah, she's got IT made . question. What does the woman mean? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each other passages and the conversation, the passengers and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice would be the best answer to the question. You have heard . questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. Now you have thirty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Earth is constantly changing. About ten thousand years ago, half of the planet was ice covered, now reduced to ten percent due to global warming. This change is partly natural, but human activities also play a role. For instance, a nineteen ninety one volcanic corruption in the Philippines caused widespread destruction and loss of life. Humans have significantly impacted habitats. The global rainforest area has shrunk from sixteen million to nine million square kilometers. And in europe, only fifteen percent of land remains untouched. ed. By humans. Habitat destruction includes fragmentation like building roads through animal territories, disrupting their natural movement in life. However, some animals have adapted to urban environments in africa. asia. Monkeys live in cities using human resources for survival. Similarly, urban foxes are common in places like london. Feeding on various items, including waste. Squirl, too, have become a common sight in cities, often relying on food provided by people. The impact of human activity is not always negative conservation efforts, and ecotourism, like ad, equals last cell va. Amazon ecolodge aim to protect habitat. Tourists learn about wildlife and contribute to conservation. Yet there are concerns about the environmental impact of ecotourism, including air travel and resource consumption, which may go against its good purposes. Now listen again. Earth is constantly changing. About ten thousand years ago, half of the planet was ice covered, now reduced to ten percent due to global warming. This change is partly natural, but human activities also play a role. For instance, a ninety ninety one volcanic eruption in the Philippines caused widespread destruction and loss of life. Humans have significantly impacted habitats. The global rainforest area has shrunk from sixteen, seven to nine million square kilometers. And in europe, only fifteen percent of land remains untouched by humans. Habitat destruction includes fragmentation, like building roads through animal territories, disrupting their natural movement in life. However, some animals have adapted to urban environments. In african asia, monkeys live in cities using human resources for survival. Similarly, urban foxes are common in places like london. Feeding on various items, including waste. Skirls, too, have become a common sight in cities, often relying on food provided by people. The impact of human activity is not always negative. Conservation efforts in ecotourism, like a equators last silva, amazon ecolodge aim to protect habitats. Tourists learn about wildlife and contribute to conservation. Yet there are concerns about the environmental impact of ecotourism, including air travel and resource consumption, which may go against its good purposes. Questions eleven, what was the extent of earth's ice coverage ten thousand years ago compared to now? Twelve, which of the following best describes the impact of human activities on habitats? Thirteen, what is a concern associated with eco tourism? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. Now you have thirty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Women will not build thirty percent of board seats until twenty twenty nine, two years later than first predicted, according to research, msci, the index provider, said global progress and boosting gender diversity at the highest level has been slower than expected. Some people's attitudes, whether they realized IT or not, make this difficult, said Megan thwing, east men and author of the report. In the past years, more large investors have pushed for a greater mixed investment companies, partly due to the recognition that diversity can improve financial performance. In two thousand and eighteen, a group including black rock and the government pension investment fund in japan signed up to an initiative pushing for thirty percent of women on their boards and thirty percent of women in senior management by twenty twenty. This was organized by the thirty percent club, a group pressing to get more women in top corporate jobs. Thirty percent is a tipping point beyond which the presence of women goes beyond just symbolic inclusion, says miss swing east men, who was head of impact screening research for msci esg research. Msci down in two thousand nineteen that women held seventeen point nine percent of directorships at groups on its ACWI index. This is up from seventeen point three percent in two thousand seventeen, but short of the ninety point four percent forecasting by msci in two thousand fifteen. More than a fifth of the two thousand six hundred ninety four companies in the index had all male boards. most of which were in e. station. Now listen again, women will not build thirty percent of board seats until twenty twenty nine, two years later than first predicted, according to research. Msci, the index provider, said global progress and boosting gender diversity at the highest level has been slower than expected. Some people's attitudes, whether they realized IT or not, make this difficult, said Megan thwing, east men and author of the report. In the past years, more large investors have pushed for a greater mixed investment companies, partly due to the recognition that diversity can improve financial performance. In two thousand and eighteen, a group including black rock and the government pension investment fund in japan signed up to an initiative pushing for thirty percent of women on their boards and thirty percent of women in senior management by twenty twenty. This was organized by the thirty percent club, a group pressing to get more women in top corporate jobs. Thirty percent is a tipping point beyond which the presence of women goes beyond just symbolic inclusion, says miss thwing ismen, who was head of impacting screening research for MSCIESG research. Msci founded two thousand nineteen that women held seventeen point nine percent of directorships at groups on its ACW, I index. This is up from seventeen point three percent in two thousand seventeen, but short of the nineteen point four percent forecasting by MCI. In two thousand fifteen, more than a fifth of the two thousand six hundred ninety four companies in the index had all male board, most of which were in e station. Questions fourteen, what is the passage meanly about? Fifteen, according to the prediction made by msci in two thousand and fifteen, what was the percentage of directorships that women would hold in two thousand eighteen? Sixteen, according to the passage. Why is thirty percent a tipping point? Questions seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. Now you have forty seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Let's see. Number one, oh yes, if female, that's totally me. I ve had lots of amazing girlfriends since high school. but I do too. All my high school and college friends go back for years. Yeah, but you can't call you in your friend's typical, can you? All that male bonding is kind of rare, don't you think? Whatever. what about to everyone? I know just text these days. Yeah. I don't think that's a male, female thing. Everyone texts all the time, but I do talk on the phone more than you. There's nothing like a nice long talk . if you say so. Now for three and four, oh, exactly. Everyone knows that women are much Better at multitask. And okay, i'll give you that very typically. I do talk about sports a lot. a lot. You and your friends never stop. You go on. And so we like our sports. Let's look at number five. Yeah, definitely. I'm sympathetic to others and their feelings. So five is correct. That's not there. I'm a sympathetic kind of guy. I understand people's feelings. Okay, okay, you're a nice guy. Oh, but look at six. You do prefer to work alone and not on the team, but then I do too. Actually, i'm not happy on a team. And if I am on a team, I like to lead now under seven. Oh, I definitely don't do this. I like to talk about stuff that to worry in me, especially with my sister. You know what they say? A problem shared. yeah, is a problem having. I know that I just don't go around talking about my problems. I'm a typical guy. I guess. yeah, your mom complaints to me that you keep too much to yourself. Now listen again. Let's see. Number one, oh yes, definitely female. That's totally me. I ve had lots of amazing girlfriends since high school. but I do too. All my high school and college friends go back for years. Yeah, but you can't call you in your friend's typical, can you? All that male bonding is kind of rare, don't you think? Whatever. what about to everyone? I know just text these days. Yeah. I don't think that's a male, female thing. Everyone texts all the time, but I do talk on the phone more than you. There's nothing like a nice long talk . if you say so. Now for three and four, oh, exactly. Everyone knows that women are much Better at multitask and OK. I'll give you that very typically. I do talk about sports a lot. a lot. You and your friends never stop. You go on. And so we like our sports. Let's look at number five. Yeah, definitely. I'm sympathetic to others in their feelings. So five is correct. That's not there. I'm a synthetic kind of guy. I understand people's feelings. Okay, okay, you're a nice sky. Oh, but look at six. You do prefer to work alone and not on the team, but then I do too. Actually, i'm not happy on a team. And if I am on a team, I like to lead now under seven. Oh, I definitely don't do this. I like to talk about stuff that to worry in me, especially with my sister. You know what they say? A problem shared. yeah, is a problem having. I know that I just don't go around talking about my problems. I'm a typical guy. I guess. yeah, your mom complaints to me that you keep too much to yourself. Questions seventeen, what are the two speakers mainly talking about? Eighteen, what does the woman think of male bonding? Nineteen, what can be learned about the speakers from the conversation? Twenty, what does the man's mother say about him? 2025-2026学年高一必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 4 ·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a clothing store. B. At a meat stand. C. In a restaurant. D. At a supermarket. 2. A. A book seller. B. A novelist. C. A customer. D. A music lover. 3. A. Going to a diner. B. Making some pies. C. Looking for a road sign. D. Checking out of the hotel. 4. A. The scheduling of a meeting. B. The progress of their project. C. The plan for this week. D. The change in their next steps. 5. A. Not be too critical of herself. B. Not think of her final exams. C. Make a plan for her future career. D. Read more books dealing with stress. 6. A. Set off before the rush hour starts. B. Go by the long but beautiful route. C. Introduce the scenic sports along the coast. D. Send her to the airport as soon as possible. 7. A. The client's expectations are too high to live up to. B. He takes delight in handling this tough task. C. He is tired of meeting deadlines. D. The project is easy for him. 8. A. She doesn't like the steak. B. She has replaced the steak. C. She prefers tougher steak. D. She will order one more steak. 9. A. It is kept in good condition. B. It is not as good as hers. C. It was once damaged. D. It can stand any crash. 10. A. She and her sister will switch seats. B. Her sister has finished her cooking. C. The sisters share a lot of things. D. Things are going well for her sister. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It was 50% and has decreased to 10%. B. It has decreased from 90% to 50%. C. It was 10% and has increased. D. It has remained the same. 12. A. In Europe, about 85% of land has been altered by human activities. B. Urban development has led to an increase in animal habitats. C. There has been no significant impact on habitats. D. Rainforests have expanded from 9 million to 16 million square kilometers. 13. A. It can have negative environmental impacts. B. It discourages people from learning about wildlife. C. It leads to an increase in urban wildlife populations. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The slow progress in increasing the number of women in board seats. B. The companies that pay little attention to board gender diversity. C. An index intended to involve more women in professional jobs. D. An initiative to push major companies to improve financial performance. 15. A.17.9%. B.19.4%. C.19.7%. D.17.3%. 16. A. It means women's involvement is significant enough to create a real impact. B. It shows that women can make most important decisions as a director. C. It is an aim difficult for most top corporations to achieve by 2029. D. It is what some companies have already proved necessary. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. How they are relating to some gender conventions. B. How they should improve mutual understanding. C. How different they are from each other. D. How well they know about each other. 18. A. It is not rare. B. It is not typical. C. It is enduring. D. It is meaningful. 19. A. The woman loves talking on the phone. B. The woman seldom texts her friends. C. The man is good at multitasking. D. The man likes doing sports. 20. A. He is good at handling concerns. B. He is not that sympathetic. C. He enjoys working on a team. D. He does not share much. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Have you ever been embarrassed because you forgot something important? What kinds of things do you have the most trouble 21 (remember)? Mark began to introduce the guest speaker to the audience, but then paused in horror. He had forgotten her name. Barbara hid her jewelry when she went on vacation. When she came back, she couldn’t remember 22 she’s put it. Perhaps you have had experiences like these. Most people have. And, what’s more, most people 23 (bow) to a life of forgetting. They are unaware of a simple but important fact: Memory can be developed. If you will just accept that fact, this book will show you 24 it can be improved. First, relax. If you are overanxious about remembering something, you will forget it. Relaxing will enhance your awareness and ability to concentrate. You can’t remember anything 25 you can concentrate. Second, avoid being negative. If you keep telling 26 that your memory is bad, your mind will come to believe it and you won’t remembers things. When you forget something, don’t say," Gee, I need to have my brain 27 (rewire).” Instead, you need to take an active role. 28 your body, your memory can be strengthened strong exercised. Look for opportunities to exercise your memory. For example, if you are learning a language, try to actively remember irregular verbs. You may also want to make associations, or links, between 29 you are trying to remember and things you already know. For example, if you need to catch a plane at 2:00 p.m., you can imagine a plane in your mind and notice that it has two wings. Two wings = 2:00. You are now ten times 30 (likely) to remember the rake-off time. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．stem    B．dot    C． attributable   D．exceeded   E. overlook    F. exposed G. drainage    H. emerging    I. sinking     J. access    K. established The Mega-City Environment Mega-cities suffer from a catalog of environmental ills. A World Health Organization(WHO)/United Nations Environment Program(UNEP)study found that seven of the cities-Mexico City, Beijing, Cairo, Jakarta, Los Angeles, Sao Paulo and Moscow-had three or more pollutants that 31 the WHO health protection guidelines. All 20 of the cities studied by WHO/UNEP had at least one major pollutant that went beyond 32 health limits. According to the World Resources Institute, “Millions of children living in the world’s largest cities, particularly in developing countries, are 33 to life-threatening air pollution two to eight times above the maximum based on WHO guidelines. Indeed, more than 80 percent of all deaths in developing countries 34 to air pollution-induced lung infections are among children under five.” In the big Asian mega-cities such as New Delhi, Beijing and Jakarta, approximately 20 to 30 percent of all respiratory diseases 35 from air pollution. Almost all of the mega-cities face major fresh water challenges. Johannesburg, South Africa, is forced to draw water from highlands 370 miles away. In Bangkok, saltwater is invading aquifers(地下蓄水层). Mexico City has a serious 36 problem because of excessive groundwater withdrawal. More than a billion people, 20 percent of the world’s population, live without regular 37 to clean running water. While poor people are forced to pay high fees for private water, many cities squander their resources through leakages and illegal 38 . “With the population of cities expected to increase to five billion by 2025,” says Klaus Toepfer, executive director of the UNEP, “the urban demand for water is set to increase rapidly. This means that any solution to the water crisis is closely linked to the governance of cities.“ Mega-city residents, crowded into unsanitary slums, are also subject to serious disease outbreaks. Lima, Peru(with population estimated at 9.4 million by 2015)suffered a cholera outbreak in the late 1990s partly because, as the New York Times reported, ”rural people new to Lima...live in houses without running water and use the outhouses(屋外厕所)that 39 the hillsides above.“ It’s worth looking at some of these 40 mega-cities in detail, because daily life there is likely to be the pattern for a majority of the world’s population. Most are already experiencing severe environmental problems that will only be worsened by rapid population increases. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Human beings have somehow managed to engineer the night to receive us by filling it with light. This kind of control is no different from the feat ( 壮 举 ) of damming a river. Its benefits come with 41 — called light pollution — whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design. 42 lighting washes out the darkness of night, altering light levels and light rhythms to which many forms of life, including ourselves, have 43 . Wherever man-made light spills into the natural world, some aspects of life-migration, reproduction, feeding-is affected. For most human history, the phrase “light pollution” would have 44 . Imagine walking towards London on a moonlit night around 1800, when it was Earth’s most populous city. Nearly a million people lived there, 45 candles, torches and lanterns, as they always had. Only a few houses were lit by gas, and there would be no public gaslights in the streets or squares for another seven years. From a few miles away, you would have been more likely to 46 London than to see its dim collective glow. We’ve lit up the night as if it were a(n) 47 country. As a matter of fact, among mammals alone, the number of species active at night is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet attracting them to it. The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being 48 by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms, circling and circling in the thousands until they drop. It was once thought that light pollution only affected astronomers, who need to see the night sky in all its glorious clarity. Unlike astronomers, most of us may not need a 49 view of the night sky for our work. 50 , like most other creatures, we do need darkness. 51 darkness is pointless. It is as essential to maintaining our biological welfare as 52 itself; the price of modifying our internal clockwork means it doesn’t operate as it should, causing various physical discomforts. So fundamental are the regular rhythms of waking and sleep to our being that 53 them is similar to altering our center of gravity. In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to 54 our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best 55 against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way — the edge of our galaxy — arching overhead. 41. A．consequences B．achievements C．agreements D．circumstances 42. A．Randomly-designed B．Well-designed C．Poorly-designed D．Economically-designed 43. A．appealed B．adapted C．objected D．amounted 44. A．come under criticism B．made no difference C．come into effect D．made no sense 45. A．making do with B．fed up with C．identifying with D．overflowing with 46. A．visit B．greet C．feel D．smell 47. A．independent B．disconnected C．unoccupied D．excluded 48. A．exposed B．captured C．dismissed D．frustrated 49. A．clear B．comprehensive C．traditional D．critical 50. A．Subsequently B．However C．Therefore D．Similarly 51. A．Reviewing B．Embracing C．Denying D．Regulating 52. A．light B．rhythm C．status D．dawn 53. A．emerging from B．withdrawing from C．messing with D．coinciding with 54. A．keep track of B．lose sight of C．catch hold of D．let go of 55. A．measured B．neutralized C．undergone D．supervised Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) I believe that, as a doctor, I should always get a blanket for my patients who need one. Yes I know there are other people who can do this. I can ask a nurse or an orderly to do it, but I believe that I should do it. So several times a day, while working in our emergency department, I leave my patient’s bedside, get them a nice warm blanket and cover them up, before continuing on my day. Which brings me back to why I believe I should offer to bring my patients a blanket. To me it is the first step in communicating to the person that my priority is his or her comfort, both physical and emotional. It is a simple act that acknowledges my desire to meet their basic needs as a patient. It may be an overused expression but I want to treat my patients the way I would want my family members taken care of. This behavior was also modeled for me when I was a patient. Shortly after college I was involved in a serious accident while working in an ambulance as a volunteer. The short story is that I broke my femur (大腿骨), the large bone in my hip, and my recovery required a total of four surgeries over a year or so. The surgeon who performed the last three operations usually did his rounds late at night. He was a brilliant and talented surgeon who reminded me in appearance of a chain-smoking Einstein. He would ask about my pain and my mental state, but what I remember most is his offering to bring me French fries the next time he visited. I felt that he cared about me and, more importantly, understood what I was going through. He connected with me, and I trusted and obeyed everything he told me to do. Getting a blanket and placing it on my patient is, in the end, a check and balance for me. I have the power to order hundreds of test and treatments. I strive to always be right (or at least never wrong). And on not so rare occasions, I help save a life. But in the end, if I have not made that connection with my patient, if I have not shown them I understand their needs, then I have failed them as a physician and as a person. 56．According to the author, what does the performance of giving blankets to patients mean? A．It may be an overused expression although he doesn’t care about it. B．It gives him the power to order tests and treatments. C．It’s helpful to save a life when you are in trouble. D．It helps communicate his care towards his patients. 57．The author mentioned his own experience as a patient, which of the following is NOT his intention? A．Showing his gratitude for the surgeon B．Demonstrating his action of giving blankets C．Implying the similar function of bringing French Fries and giving blankets to patients D．Claiming the importance of patients’ trust toward doctors 58．What does the last sentence (paragraph 5) imply? A．The author felt regretful for not making connection with his patients by bringing them blankets. B．A good physician should understand patient’s needs. C．It’s important to communicate doctors’ care to their patients. D．The author failed as a person as he didn’t show his understanding for his patients’ needs. 59．The passage is manly about __________. A．emphasizing the importance of sincere care and understanding of patients B．emphasizing how to build a bridge between doctors and patients C．emphasizing that a small gesture can warm the patient’s heart D．emphasizing how to improve the doctor-patient relationship (B) Superb Spring Gardens Sunshine on your face, the scent of blossom in the air, the dreamy song of a blackbird.What better way to while away a spring day than in a country garden filled with flowers like magnolia, rhododendron, primula, iris, daffodils or bluebells? Here are a four of the best. LONDON The Savili Garden Egham, Surrey. Open daily. Part of the Windsor Great Park estate, with one of the country’s finest plant collections. Aptly named Spring Wood is planted with magnolia and rhododendron, including many Loderi hybrids, the flowers of which are deliciously scented, while the Azalea Walk is at its peak in mid to late May. Brilliant for families with a great cafe, too. windsorgreatpark.co.uk/en YORKSHIRE The Hirnalayan Garden Grewelthorpe, North Yorkshire. Open daily from 12 April. Set in a valley between Harrogate and Ripon, this garden features hundreds of native Himalayan plants in a setting that is perhaps as close as you can get to being in an actual Himalayan valley - especially on a misty morning. Many of the rhododendrons are wild species, collected and grown from seed and now in their mature prime. 01765 658009, himalayangarden.com SCOTLAND Arduaine Garden Near Oban, Argyll. Open daily from 1 April. Set on Scotland’s west coast amid stunning scenery, this beautiful garden benefits from the influence of the Gulf Stream. Now in the care of the National Trust for Scotland, the historic garden featured over 200 rhododendrons by the 1920s, which are still spring highlights, as are stands of primula and iris. But the real stars are the stretches of colourful and jaw-droppingly beautiful Himalayan plants. 01852 200366, nationaltrust.org.uk/arduain-garden WALES Bodnant Garden Near Colwyn Bay, Clwyd. Open daily. Rightly considered one of the UK’s finest gardens, Bodnant springs to life with pools of daffodils in Old Park Meadow, along with national collections of magnolia and rhododendron.Extensive plantings of cherry fill the garden with sweet scent in mid-spring, alongside plentiful bluebells. For these weeks from mid-May, thefamous Laburnum Arch, a long walkway with golden-yellow flowers, alone is worth a visit to experience it. 01492 650460, nationaltrust.org.uk/bodnant-garden 60．The purpose of this page is to _________. A．introduce the beauty of the superb spring gardens in the UK B．urge garden lovers to visit the websites of the four gardens C．promote different regions in the UK by introducing their gardens D．advertise four spring gardens and encourage visits to them 61．Born in London and a rhododendron lover, Sally has always been longing to visit Himalaya in person someday. She’s also fascinated by Himalayan plants. Which garden will she most probably visit during April? A．The Savill Garden B．The Himalayan Garden C．Arduaine Garden D．Bodnant Garden 62．Which of the following statements is true? A．All four gardens boast magnolia and rhododendron. B．Two gardens are open to the public only during April. C．The National Trust takes care of two of the four gardens. D．Tourists can call to know more about the four gardens. (C) On June 22, 1927, Charles Lindbergh flew into Dayton, Ohio of the US, for dinner at Orville Wright’s house. It had been just a month since the young aviator (飞行家) completed the first ever solo nonstop crossing of the Atlantic, and he felt he ought to pay his respects to the celebrated pioneer of flight. Forty-two years later, on July 16, 1969, Apollo 11 astronaut Neil Armstrong was allowed to bring a personal guest to the Kennedy Space Center to witness the launch of NASA’s towering Saturn V rocket. Armstrong invited his hero, Charles Lindbergh. One man, Lindbergh, could be the living link between the pilot of the first powered flight and the commander of the first mission to another world. In our century, for better or worse, progress isn’t what it used to be. Northwestern University economist Robert Gordon argues that by 1970, all the key technologies of modern life were in place: electricity, mechanized agriculture, highways, air travel, telecommunications, and the like. After that, innovation and economic growth simply couldn’t keep going at the breakneck pace set over the previous 100 years—a period Gordon calls “the special century.” Since 1970 the only notable creation has been the ever-growing increase in computing power in the form of the Internet and our mobile devices. But in most other ways, Gordon argues, the lives of people in developed nations look and feel the same in 2019 as they did in 1979 or 1989. Consider consumer robotics. There’s enormous potential for robots to help us with housework, education, entertainment and medical care. But home robotics companies seem to keep folding. So far, the only commercially successful home robot, the Roomba vacuum cleaner, hit the market in 2002. Or consider access to space. In 2007 the XPRIZE Foundation offered $30 million in prizes to commercial teams that would compete to land a robotic rover on the moon by 2018. Although five teams had built rovers, all had trouble raising enough money to buy launch contracts. Meanwhile the list of potentially world-changing technologies that get lots of press ink but remain stubbornly in the prototype (雏形) phase is very long. Self-driving cars, flying cars, gene therapy, nuclear fusion. Need I continue? Granted, these are all hard problems. But historically, solving the really big problems—rural electrification, for example—has required sustained, large-scale investments, often with private markets and taxpayers splitting the burden. In this century, we urgently need to undo some of the consequences of the last great boom by developing affordable zero-and negative-emissions technologies. That’s another hard problem—and to solve it, we’ll need to recapture some of what made the “special century” so special. 63．In the beginning of the passage, the author used the story Charles Lindberg to _____. A．explain technology advanced fast in the past 100 years B．infer most aviators are likely to know each other well C．prove this man was a key historic figure of the past century D．point out we should be grateful to such a pioneering inventor 64．Why does Robert Gordon call the past 100 years “the special century”? A．Computing power keeps growing at a high speed. B．New things keep coming up to make life easier. C．Human life has become highly mechanized. D．People have been trained to be more creative. 65．What can be inferred from the example of access to space in paragraph 7? A．Big innovations can’t be achieved without constant financial support. B．Technological development can’t be gained if it is not applied practically. C．Scientific projects are not considered valuable unless commercially successful. D．New creations are not worth making unless significantly improving people’s lives. 66．Which of the following best summarizes the passage? A．Sustained and large-scale investments are harder to get now than before. B．People are facing a time with more difficult problems than it used to be. C．Major technological shifts are fewer and farther between than they were. D．Solutions to the really big problems are fewer than we could expect. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. A．It generally arises from two related causes. B．It is not only the farmers and villagers who suffer. C．Scientists are doing the research on the cause of desertification. D．They destroy the land, as the oil dries out and is then blown away. E．Tree planting can help, by providing barriers between desert and rich field. F．This means that the wrong crops are planted, and need more water than is available. Imagine living on the edge of a vast desert, which is moving quietly closer to your village every day and covering your fields. The desert is on the move. This is called desertification. Desertification occurs in regions close to an already existing desert. 67 . The first is over-use of water in the area. There is not enough water in any case, and if it is not carefully used, disaster can follow. As time goes on, water shortages make farming more and more difficult. In some places, locals can remember local lakes and marshes which were once the homes for all kinds of fish and birds. They ave been completely buried by the stand now. Farmers leave the land, and fields are replaced by deserts. The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land. 68 Ploughing large fields and removing bushes and trees means that the wind will blow away the soil. Once the soil is lost, it is hard to replace, and if there is rain, it has nowhere to go, and brings no benefit. 69 Every spring, the skies over some of eastern cities, thousands of kilometers away from the deserts, can be darkened by sandstorms. Dust from deserts can have a great effect on weather systems. While desertification is perhaps being partly caused by global warming., these sandstorms can make global warming worse by adding ti what is known as the greenhouse effect. What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification? A great deal of work is already under way. Obviously the first steps are to find new water sources. 70 Some types of grass also hold the soil together, and stop the wind taking it. Without these efforts, it will be harder and harder to stop the world’s deserts in their tracks, and more and more farmers will give up and head for cities. The lesson to be learnt lies beneath the sand. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. e-learning: Hazy past—better future? How much of an effect does technology have on students’ learning? A significant one, it seems, according to experts. Currently available technologies, the most important of which are computers and the Internet, apparently provide a learning environment in which problem-solving and intellectual enquiry can flourish. The process of learning in the classroom may become significantly more effective as students can deal with information on the computer. Or so the theory goes. My own viewpoint is rather different, I’m afraid. Computers have been around for two decades as part of school equipment. There are, of course, obstacles like costs to overcome, but it’s just a matter of time and effort. This is because schools have done what every organisation does when it sees an innovation—it applies the innovation to its existing model, which adds cost but doesn’t transform the standard classroom. We have, during that period, spent over $60 billion on them, but in my view they seem to have had little or no effect on learning in schools. Content is king and the mode of delivery is irrelevant. If a teacher makes the subject matter interesting, it does not matter what, if any, equipment is used. However, change is on the horizon. I think student-centred learning will become the norm and transform education. Computers will pave the way for far more independent learning. Students who currently don’t have access to schools or teachers are now able to get online. They can study from home thanks to the fact that more learning programmes are being written for learners who are forced by their circumstances to be self-sufficient. This would prove especially beneficial in those areas of the world where quality education is limited or extremely expensive. Therefore, in a few years’ time we could have a completely different conversation about technology and its impact on learning. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．他用水壶烧了些水，为我泡了一杯茶。(boil) 73．这两部电影的共同点是故事新颖，特效震撼，大咖云集。(What) 74．经过三个月的翻新，报告厅配备了一流的视听设备，焕然一新。(take on) 75．植物园的工作人员还准备了多部短剧，以更有趣、更多元的方式带领小朋友们走进植物的世界。(way) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的高二学生李华。你家所在的社区图书馆正在招募暑期志愿者。你对此很感兴趣，希望能在高二寒假里有一份难忘的经历。写一封申请信给图书馆的负责人，内容包括： 1.你希望申请这份工作： 2.你申请的理由(可以从能力，经验，个性等方面阐述) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高一必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 4 ·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a clothing store. B. At a meat stand. C. In a restaurant. D. At a supermarket. 2. A. A book seller. B. A novelist. C. A customer. D. A music lover. 3. A. Going to a diner. B. Making some pies. C. Looking for a road sign. D. Checking out of the hotel. 4. A. The scheduling of a meeting. B. The progress of their project. C. The plan for this week. D. The change in their next steps. 5. A. Not be too critical of herself. B. Not think of her final exams. C. Make a plan for her future career. D. Read more books dealing with stress. 6. A. Set off before the rush hour starts. B. Go by the long but beautiful route. C. Introduce the scenic sports along the coast. D. Send her to the airport as soon as possible. 7. A. The client's expectations are too high to live up to. B. He takes delight in handling this tough task. C. He is tired of meeting deadlines. D. The project is easy for him. 8. A. She doesn't like the steak. B. She has replaced the steak. C. She prefers tougher steak. D. She will order one more steak. 9. A. It is kept in good condition. B. It is not as good as hers. C. It was once damaged. D. It can stand any crash. 10. A. She and her sister will switch seats. B. Her sister has finished her cooking. C. The sisters share a lot of things. D. Things are going well for her sister. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It was 50% and has decreased to 10%. B. It has decreased from 90% to 50%. C. It was 10% and has increased. D. It has remained the same. 12. A. In Europe, about 85% of land has been altered by human activities. B. Urban development has led to an increase in animal habitats. C. There has been no significant impact on habitats. D. Rainforests have expanded from 9 million to 16 million square kilometers. 13. A. It can have negative environmental impacts. B. It discourages people from learning about wildlife. C. It leads to an increase in urban wildlife populations. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The slow progress in increasing the number of women in board seats. B. The companies that pay little attention to board gender diversity. C. An index intended to involve more women in professional jobs. D. An initiative to push major companies to improve financial performance. 15. A.17.9%. B.19.4%. C.19.7%. D.17.3%. 16. A. It means women's involvement is significant enough to create a real impact. B. It shows that women can make most important decisions as a director. C. It is an aim difficult for most top corporations to achieve by 2029. D. It is what some companies have already proved necessary. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. How they are relating to some gender conventions. B. How they should improve mutual understanding. C. How different they are from each other. D. How well they know about each other. 18. A. It is not rare. B. It is not typical. C. It is enduring. D. It is meaningful. 19. A. The woman loves talking on the phone. B. The woman seldom texts her friends. C. The man is good at multitasking. D. The man likes doing sports. 20. A. He is good at handling concerns. B. He is not that sympathetic. C. He enjoys working on a team. D. He does not share much. 【答案】 1-5 DAAAA 6-10 BBAAA 11-13 AAA 14-16 ABA 17-20 ABAD 【听力原文】 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice is the best answer to the question you have heard. Now you have 100 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. 1. W: Excuse me, I'm looking for some fresh produce. Are these apples organic? M: Yes, all the fruit in this section is organically grown. Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place? 2. M: Good morning, Madam. I'm looking for something exciting to read. Can you recommend a good mystery novel? W: Certainly! If you're interested in classic mysteries, I highly recommend “The Hound of the Baskervilles” by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Q: Who is most probably the woman? 3. W: Should we stop for food? I'm getting a bit hungry. M: Good idea, I saw a sign for a diner just a few miles back. I heard it's known for its homemade pies and classic diner breakfasts. Could be a fun spot to check out. Q: What does the man suggest doing? 4. W: Do we have a meeting scheduled for this project? M: Yes, let's meet next Wednesday to discuss the progress and next steps. Q: What are the speakers mainly talking about? 5. W: I'm really feeling stressed about my final exams and my future career path. M: It's natural to feel that way, but if you were less hard on yourself, you might find the experience less stressful. Q: What does the man suggest the woman should do? 6. W: Can you take the scenic route to the airport? I'm in no rush. M: Sure thing, I'd be happy to. The scenic route along the coast is indeed beautiful,especially at this time of day. Q: What does the woman request the man to do? 7. W: How's the new project at work going? You seemed really excited about it last week. M: It's definitely not a piece of cake. The deadlines are tight, and the client's expectations are high. But I enjoy the challenge! Q: What does the man mean? 8. M: How did you find your steak? W: To be honest, it was tough as old boots. Could I have it replaced? Q: What does the woman mean? 9. M: The man at the garage thinks that I take good care of my car. W: So do I. I can't see any scratches on the outside and the inside is clean too. Q: What does the woman think of the man's car? 10. M: If you could, would you trade seats with your sister? W: Yeah. She's got it made. Q: What does the woman mean? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you will have seven seconds to decide which choice would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Now you have 30 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Earth is constantly changing. About 10,000 years ago, half of the planet was ice-covered, now reduced to 10% due to global warming. This change is partly natural, but human activities also play a role. For instance, a 1991 volcanic eruption in the Philippines caused widespread destruction and loss of life. Humans have significantly impacted habitats. The global rainforest area has shrunk from 16 million to nine million square kilometers, and in Europe, only 15% of land remains untouched by humans. Habitat destruction includes fragmentation, like building roads through animal territories, disrupting their natural movement and life. However, some animals have adapted to urban environments. In Africa and Asia, monkeys live in cities, using human resources for survival. Similarly, urban foxes are common in places like London, feeding on various items, including waste. Squirrels, too, have become a common sight in cities, often relying on food provided by people. The impact of human activity is not always negative. Conservation efforts and ecotourism, like at Ecuador's La Selva Amazon Eco Lodge, aim to protect habitats. Tourists learn about wildlife and contribute to conservation. Yet, there are concerns about the environmental impact of ecotourism, including air travel and resource consumption, which may go against its good purposes. (Now listen again.) Questions 11. What was the extent of Earth's ice coverage 10,000 years ago compared to now? 12. Which of the following best describes the impact of human activities on habitats? 13. What is a concern associated with ecotourism? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. Now you have 30 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. Women will not fill 30 per cent of board seats until 2029, two years later than first predicted, according to research. MSCI, the index provider, said global progress in boosting gender diversity at the highest level has been slower than expected. “Some people's attitudes, whether they realize it or not, make this difficult.” said Meggin Thwing Eastman, an author of the report. In the past years more large investors have pushed for a greater mix investee companies, partly due to the recognition that diversity can improve financial performance. In 2018 a group including Black Rock and the Government Pension Investment Fund in Japan signed up to an initiative pushing for 30 percent of women on their boards and 30 per cent of women in senior management by 2020. This was organized by the 30% Club, a group pressing to get more women in top corporate jobs. Thirty per cent is a“tipping point” beyond which the presence of women goes beyond just symbolic inclusion, said Ms Thwing Eastman, who is head of impact and screening research for MSCIESG Research. MSCI found in 2019 that women held 17.9 per cent of directorships at groups on its ACWI Index. This is up from 17.3 percent in 2017 but short of the 19.4 percent forecasted by MSCI in 2015. More than a fifth of the 2,694 companies in the index had all-male boards, most of which were in East Asia. (Now listen again.) Questions 14. What is the passage mainly about? 15. According to the prediction made by MSCI in 2015, what was the percentage of directorships that women would hold in 2019? 16. According to the passage, why is 30% a tipping point? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Now you have 40 seconds to read all the choices on the screen. W: Let's see. Number one. Oh, yes. Definitely female. That's totally me. I have had lots of amazing girlfriends since high school. M: But I do, too. All my high school and college friends go back for years. W: Yeah, but you can't call you and your friends typical, can you? All that male-bonding is kind of rare, don't you think? M: Whatever. W: What about 2? M: Everyone I know just texts these days. W: Yeah. I don't think that's a male/ female thing. Everyone texts all the time, but I do talk on the phone more than you. There's nothing like a nice long talk! M: If you say so! W: Mm, now for 3 and 4. Oh, exactly! Everyone knows that women are much better at multitasking, and... M: OK, I'll give you that. Very typically, I do talk about sports a lot. W: A lot? You and your friends never stop. You go on and on and ... M: So we like our sports. Let's look at number 5. W: Yeah, definitely. I'm sympathetic to others and their feelings so 5 is correct. M: That's not fair. I'm a sympathetic kind of guy. I understand people's feelings. W: OK, OK, you're a nice guy. Oh, but look at 6. .. you do prefer to work alone and not on a team. But then I do, too actually. I'm not happy on a team, and if I am on a team I like to lead. Now, on to 7. Oh, I definitely don't do this. I like to talk about stuff that's worrying me, especially with my sister. You know what they say: “A problem shared ……” M: Yeah ……“is a problem halved.” I know that. I just don't go around talking about my problems. I'm a typical guy. I guess. W: Yeah. Your mom complains to me that you keep too much to yourself. (Now listen again.) Questions 17. What are the two speakers mainly talking about? 18. What does the woman think of male-bonding? 19. What can be learned about the speakers from the conversation? 20. What does the man's mother say about him? II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Have you ever been embarrassed because you forgot something important? What kinds of things do you have the most trouble 21 (remember)? Mark began to introduce the guest speaker to the audience, but then paused in horror. He had forgotten her name. Barbara hid her jewelry when she went on vacation. When she came back, she couldn’t remember 22 she’s put it. Perhaps you have had experiences like these. Most people have. And, what’s more, most people 23 (bow) to a life of forgetting. They are unaware of a simple but important fact: Memory can be developed. If you will just accept that fact, this book will show you 24 it can be improved. First, relax. If you are overanxious about remembering something, you will forget it. Relaxing will enhance your awareness and ability to concentrate. You can’t remember anything 25 you can concentrate. Second, avoid being negative. If you keep telling 26 that your memory is bad, your mind will come to believe it and you won’t remembers things. When you forget something, don’t say," Gee, I need to have my brain 27 (rewire).” Instead, you need to take an active role. 28 your body, your memory can be strengthened strong exercised. Look for opportunities to exercise your memory. For example, if you are learning a language, try to actively remember irregular verbs. You may also want to make associations, or links, between 29 you are trying to remember and things you already know. For example, if you need to catch a plane at 2:00 p.m., you can imagine a plane in your mind and notice that it has two wings. Two wings = 2:00. You are now ten times 30 (likely) to remember the rake-off time. 【答案】 21．remembering 22．where 23．have bowed 24．how 25．unless 26．yourself 27．rewired 28．Like 29．what 30．more likely 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了大多数人已经屈服于一种遗忘的生活。他们没有意识到一个简单而重要的事实：记忆是可以培养的。文章介绍了改善记忆的方法。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：你最难以记住的事情是什么？此处为短语have trouble doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”。故填remembering。 22．考查宾语从句。句意：当她回来的时候，她不记得她把它放在哪里了。引导宾语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故用where。故填where。 23．考查时态。句意：而且，更重要的是，大多数人已经屈服于一种遗忘的生活。根据上文“Perhaps you have had experiences like these. Most people have.(也许你有过这样的经历。大多数人都有)”可知表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响，用现在完成时，主语为most people，助动词用have。故填have bowed。 24．考查宾语从句。句意：如果你愿意接受这个事实，这本书将告诉你如何改进它。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。 25．考查状语从句。句意：除非你能集中注意力，否则你什么都记不住。引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”应用unless。故填unless。 26．考查代词。句意：如果你一直告诉自己你的记忆力很差，你的大脑就会相信它，你就不会记得事情了。此处指告诉“你自己”应用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。 27．考查非谓语动词。句意：哎呀，我的大脑需要重新连接。此处为have+宾语+宾补结构，且brain与rewire构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填rewired。 28．考查介词。句意：就像你的身体一样，你的记忆也可以通过锻炼来增强。后跟名词作宾语，表示“像”应用介词like，首字母大写。故填Like。 29．考查宾语从句。句意：你可能还想在你试图记住的东西和你已经知道的东西之间建立联系或联系。此处为宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物应用what。故填what。 30．考查比较级。句意：你现在记住回扣时间的可能性是以前的十倍。根据上文ten times可知应用比较级，在前面加more。故填more likely。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．stem    B．dot    C． attributable   D．exceeded   E. overlook    F. exposed G. drainage    H. emerging    I. sinking     J. access    K. established The Mega-City Environment Mega-cities suffer from a catalog of environmental ills. A World Health Organization(WHO)/United Nations Environment Program(UNEP)study found that seven of the cities-Mexico City, Beijing, Cairo, Jakarta, Los Angeles, Sao Paulo and Moscow-had three or more pollutants that 31 the WHO health protection guidelines. All 20 of the cities studied by WHO/UNEP had at least one major pollutant that went beyond 32 health limits. According to the World Resources Institute, “Millions of children living in the world’s largest cities, particularly in developing countries, are 33 to life-threatening air pollution two to eight times above the maximum based on WHO guidelines. Indeed, more than 80 percent of all deaths in developing countries 34 to air pollution-induced lung infections are among children under five.” In the big Asian mega-cities such as New Delhi, Beijing and Jakarta, approximately 20 to 30 percent of all respiratory diseases 35 from air pollution. Almost all of the mega-cities face major fresh water challenges. Johannesburg, South Africa, is forced to draw water from highlands 370 miles away. In Bangkok, saltwater is invading aquifers(地下蓄水层). Mexico City has a serious 36 problem because of excessive groundwater withdrawal. More than a billion people, 20 percent of the world’s population, live without regular 37 to clean running water. While poor people are forced to pay high fees for private water, many cities squander their resources through leakages and illegal 38 . “With the population of cities expected to increase to five billion by 2025,” says Klaus Toepfer, executive director of the UNEP, “the urban demand for water is set to increase rapidly. This means that any solution to the water crisis is closely linked to the governance of cities.“ Mega-city residents, crowded into unsanitary slums, are also subject to serious disease outbreaks. Lima, Peru(with population estimated at 9.4 million by 2015)suffered a cholera outbreak in the late 1990s partly because, as the New York Times reported, ”rural people new to Lima...live in houses without running water and use the outhouses(屋外厕所)that 39 the hillsides above.“ It’s worth looking at some of these 40 mega-cities in detail, because daily life there is likely to be the pattern for a majority of the world’s population. Most are already experiencing severe environmental problems that will only be worsened by rapid population increases. 【答案】 31．D 32．K 33．F 34．C 35．A 36．I 37．J 38．G 39．B 40．H 【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了大城市遭受着一系列的环境问题。 31．考查动词。句意：世界卫生组织(WHO)/联合国环境规划署(UNEP)的一项研究发现，其中7个城市——墨西哥城、北京、开罗、雅加达、洛杉矶、圣保罗和莫斯科——有三种或三种以上的污染物超过了世卫组织的健康保护准则。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词，所以应填动词，根据后文“All 20 of the cities studied by WHO/UNEP had at least one major pollutant that went beyond　　　 health limits.”可知，此处是指“超过世卫组织的健康保护准则”之意，所以D项exceeded意为“超过”符合题意。故选D项。 32．考查形容词。句意：卫生组织/环境规划署研究的所有20个城市至少有一种主要污染物超过既定的健康限度。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词，根据句意此处表达“既定的健康限度”之意，所以K项established意为“已确立的”符合题意。故选K项。 33．考查形容词。句意：生活在世界各大城市，特别是发展中国家的数百万儿童暴露在威胁生命的空气污染中，空气污染比世卫组织指南规定的最大污染水平高出2至8倍。根据后文“Indeed, more than 80 percent of all deaths in developing countries　　　 to air pollution-induced lung infections are among children under five.”可知，儿童是暴露威胁生命的空气污染中，所以F项exposed意为“暴露的”符合句意。故选F项。 34．考查形容词。句意：事实上，在发展中国家，由空气污染引起的肺部感染导致的所有死亡中，80%以上是5岁以下的儿童。根据后文“to air pollution-induced lung infections”可知，此处表达“引起的肺部感染”之意，所以C项attributable和空后的to构成固定短语：attributable to意为“归因于”符合题意。故选C项。 35．考查动词。句意：在新德里、北京和雅加达等亚洲大城市，大约20%到30%的呼吸道疾病是由空气污染引起的。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填动词，根据句意可知表达“引起”之意，所以A项stem和空后的from构成固定搭配：stem from意为“源于”符合题意。故选A项。 36．考查形容词。句意：由于过度抽取地下水，墨西哥城存在严重的下沉问题。根据后文“because of excessive groundwater withdrawal”可知由于过度抽取地下水，所以它有下沉的危险，所以I项sinking意为“下沉的”符合题意，作定语，修饰名词problem。故选I项。 37．考查名词。句意：超过10亿人（占世界人口的20%）生活在无法定期获得清洁自来水的环境中。根据后文“While poor people are forced to pay high fees for private water”可知，此处表达“无法定期获得清洁自来水”之意，所以J项access和后文的to构成固定搭配：access to意为“接近；有权利使用”符合题意。故选J项。 38．考查名词。句意：虽然穷人被迫为私人用水支付高额费用，但许多城市却因漏水和非法排水而浪费资源。根据前文“many cities squander their resources through leakages”可知空处和空前的leakages并列，意思接近，所以G项drainage意为“排水”符合题意。故选G项。 39．考查动词。句意：秘鲁利马（2015年人口估计为940万）在20世纪90年代末爆发了霍乱，部分原因是，正如《纽约时报》报道的那样，“新来到利马的农村人……住在没有自来水的房子里，使用散布在山坡上的屋外厕所。”分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，此处表达“散布在山坡上的屋外厕所”之意，所以B项dot意为“星罗棋布于”符合题意。故选B项。 40．考查形容词。句意：我们有必要仔细研究一下这些新兴的超级城市，因为那里的日常生活很可能是世界上大多数人的生活模式。根据前文主要讲述了秘鲁利马这些新兴的超级城市，所以此处表达“新兴的超级城市”之意，所以H项emerging意为“出现的，新兴的”符合题意。故选H项。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Human beings have somehow managed to engineer the night to receive us by filling it with light. This kind of control is no different from the feat ( 壮 举 ) of damming a river. Its benefits come with 41 — called light pollution — whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design. 42 lighting washes out the darkness of night, altering light levels and light rhythms to which many forms of life, including ourselves, have 43 . Wherever man-made light spills into the natural world, some aspects of life-migration, reproduction, feeding-is affected. For most human history, the phrase “light pollution” would have 44 . Imagine walking towards London on a moonlit night around 1800, when it was Earth’s most populous city. Nearly a million people lived there, 45 candles, torches and lanterns, as they always had. Only a few houses were lit by gas, and there would be no public gaslights in the streets or squares for another seven years. From a few miles away, you would have been more likely to 46 London than to see its dim collective glow. We’ve lit up the night as if it were a(n) 47 country. As a matter of fact, among mammals alone, the number of species active at night is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet attracting them to it. The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being 48 by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms, circling and circling in the thousands until they drop. It was once thought that light pollution only affected astronomers, who need to see the night sky in all its glorious clarity. Unlike astronomers, most of us may not need a 49 view of the night sky for our work. 50 , like most other creatures, we do need darkness. 51 darkness is pointless. It is as essential to maintaining our biological welfare as 52 itself; the price of modifying our internal clockwork means it doesn’t operate as it should, causing various physical discomforts. So fundamental are the regular rhythms of waking and sleep to our being that 53 them is similar to altering our center of gravity. In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to 54 our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best 55 against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way — the edge of our galaxy — arching overhead. 41. A．consequences B．achievements C．agreements D．circumstances 42. A．Randomly-designed B．Well-designed C．Poorly-designed D．Economically-designed 43. A．appealed B．adapted C．objected D．amounted 44. A．come under criticism B．made no difference C．come into effect D．made no sense 45. A．making do with B．fed up with C．identifying with D．overflowing with 46. A．visit B．greet C．feel D．smell 47. A．independent B．disconnected C．unoccupied D．excluded 48. A．exposed B．captured C．dismissed D．frustrated 49. A．clear B．comprehensive C．traditional D．critical 50. A．Subsequently B．However C．Therefore D．Similarly 51. A．Reviewing B．Embracing C．Denying D．Regulating 52. A．light B．rhythm C．status D．dawn 53. A．emerging from B．withdrawing from C．messing with D．coinciding with 54. A．keep track of B．lose sight of C．catch hold of D．let go of 55. A．measured B．neutralized C．undergone D．supervised 【答案】 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．D 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因为人类照明导致的光污染相关情况。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的好处伴随着被称为光污染的后果，科学家们现在才开始研究光污染的影响。A. consequences结果；B. achievements成就；C. agreement同意；D. circumstances情况。根据下文“light pollution (光污染)”可知，这是人类黑夜使用灯光造成的结果。故选A项。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拙劣设计的的照明消除夜晚的黑暗，改变包括我们在内的许多生命形式所适应的光线水平和光线节奏。A. Randomly-designed随意设计的；B. Well-designed好好设计的；C. Poorly-designed拙劣设计的；D. Economically-designed经济实惠设计的。根据上文“Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design. (光污染在很大程度上是不良照明设计的结果)”可知，本文探讨的光污染与不良照明设计关系密切，即拙劣设计的照明。故选C项。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：拙劣设计的的照明消除夜晚的黑暗，改变包括我们在内的许多生命形式所适应的光线水平和光线节奏。A. appealed呼吁；B. adapted使适应；C. objected反对；D. amounted共计。根据上文“altering light levels and light rhythms (改变光线水平和光线节奏)”可推测，发生改变的是大家习以为常的光线水平和节奏，而动词搭配adapt to意为“使适应”，此处表示人们以及适应的光线水平和节奏被改变，符合语境。故选B项。 44．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于大多数人类历史而言，“光污染”这一短语毫无意义。A. come under criticism遭受批评；B. made no difference没区别；C. come into effect生效；D. made no sense没意义。根据下文“Imagine walking towards London on a moonlit night around 1800, when it was Earth’s most populous city. (想象一下，大概在1800年，在一个月明的夜晚走向伦敦这个地球上人口最多的城市)”可知，人类历史上很长一段时间大家并没意识到光污染这件事情，因此“光污染”这一短语毫无意义。故选D项。 45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：近一百万人住在那里，像往常一样，凑合着使用蜡烛、火把和灯笼。A. making do with凑合着用；B. fed up with使对……厌烦；C. identifying with认同；D. overflowing with充满。根据下文“Only a few houses were lit by gas (只有几所房子被煤气点亮)”可知，许多家庭无法使用煤气灯，凑合使用蜡烛等照明。故选A项。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几英里之外，你更可能闻到伦敦的味道，而不是看到它暗淡的集体光芒。A. visit参观；B. greet打招呼；C. feel感受；D. smell闻。根据上文“candles, torches and lanterns (蜡烛、火把和灯笼)”和“gas (煤气)”可知，这些照明方式有很重的气味，可能先闻到气味才能看见灯光。故选D项。 47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们点亮了夜晚，仿佛这是一个无人居住的国家。A. independent独立的；B. disconnected不连贯的；C. unoccupied空置的；D. excluded排除在外的。根据下文“Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet attracting them to it. (光是一种强大的生物力，对许多物种来说，它就像一块磁铁，吸引着它们)”可知，因为照明的灯光，夜晚不再是原本意义上的夜晚，生物物种都被照明灯光吸引，不在身处黑夜，故可将这样的夜晚比喻成没有物种，空置的地方。故选C项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种效应是如此强大，以至于科学家们说，鸣禽和海鸟被陆地上的探照灯或海洋石油平台上的废气燃烧器所捕获，数千只在空中盘旋，直到坠落。A. exposed暴露；B. captured捕获；C. dismissed解雇；D. frustrated使受挫。根据上文“Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet attracting them to it. (光是一种强大的生物力，对许多物种来说，它就像一块磁铁，吸引着它们)”可知，这些鸣禽海鸟被陆地上的探照灯或海洋石油平台上的废气燃烧器产生的灯光吸引，最终掉落，可以比喻为被捕获。故选B项。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与天文学家不同，我们大多数人的工作可能不需要清晰的夜空。A. clear清楚的；B. comprehensive全面的；C. traditional传统的；D. critical批评的。根据上文“It was once thought that light pollution only affected astronomers, who need to see the night sky in all its glorious clarity. (曾经有人认为光污染只会影响天文学家，他们需要看到夜空的明亮)”可知，此处把天文学家和大多数普通人作对比，天文学家需要清晰的夜空，而普通人不需要。故选A项。 50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，和大多数生物一样，我们的确需要黑暗。A. Subsequently随后；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Similarly相似地。根据上文“Unlike astronomers, most of us may not need a clear view of the night sky for our work. (与天文学家不同，我们大多数人的工作可能不需要清晰的夜空)”可知，这与下文“我们的确需要黑暗”形成转折关系。故选B项。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：否认黑暗是无意义的。A. Reviewing复习；B. Embracing拥抱；C. Denying否认；D. Regulating调节。根据下文“It is as essential to maintaining our biological welfare as light itself (它对维持我们的生物福利和光本身一样重要)”可知，此处it指代的“黑暗”本身对我们生物而言很重要，和光线一样必不可少，因此我们不能否认它。故选C项。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它就像光本身一样，对维持我们的生物福利至关重要；改变我们体内生物钟的代价意味着它不能正常工作，导致各种身体不适。A. light光；B. rhythm节奏；C. status身份；D. dawn黎明。根据上文“Denying darkness is pointless. (否认黑暗是无意义的)”可知，前后两句在对比黑暗和光线，二者一样重要，空格处应该填light“光”。故选A项。 53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：清醒和睡眠的规律对我们来说是如此的基本，以至于打乱它们就像改变我们的重心。A. emerging from来自；B. withdrawing from从……中退出；C. messing with打乱；D. coinciding with与……一致。根据上文“the price of modifying our internal clockwork means it doesn’t operate as it should, causing various physical discomforts. (修改我们内部时钟的代价意味着它不能正常工作，导致各种身体不适)”可知，修改内部时钟即意味着打乱清醒和睡眠的节奏。故选C项。 54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从某种非常实际的意义上来说，光污染使我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真实位置，忘记了我们人类存在的规模，而衡量人类位置和规模的最佳对照就是悬拱于头顶、处在星系边缘的银河所在的幽深夜空。A. keep track of了解……的动态；B. lose sight of看不见；C. catch hold of抓住；D. let go of放开。根据下文“our true place in the universe (我们在宇宙中的真实位置)”可知，位置是需要用眼睛看的，而光污染使我们看不清天空，故也看不见我们在宇宙中的位置。故选B项。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从某种非常实际的意义上来说，光污染使我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真实位置，忘记了我们人类存在的规模，而衡量人类位置和规模的最佳对照就是悬拱于头顶、处在星系边缘的银河所在的幽深夜空。A. measured衡量；B. neutralized使无效；C. undergone经受；D. supervised监督。根据上文“light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being (光污染使我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真实位置，忘记了我们人类存在的规模)”可知，此处所提到的“我们在宇宙中的真实位置”以及“我们人类存在的规模”都是我们应该清楚的东西，而清楚的方式就是用黑夜来进行对比，词组measure against意为“使相比较，衡量”符合语境。故选A项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) I believe that, as a doctor, I should always get a blanket for my patients who need one. Yes I know there are other people who can do this. I can ask a nurse or an orderly to do it, but I believe that I should do it. So several times a day, while working in our emergency department, I leave my patient’s bedside, get them a nice warm blanket and cover them up, before continuing on my day. Which brings me back to why I believe I should offer to bring my patients a blanket. To me it is the first step in communicating to the person that my priority is his or her comfort, both physical and emotional. It is a simple act that acknowledges my desire to meet their basic needs as a patient. It may be an overused expression but I want to treat my patients the way I would want my family members taken care of. This behavior was also modeled for me when I was a patient. Shortly after college I was involved in a serious accident while working in an ambulance as a volunteer. The short story is that I broke my femur (大腿骨), the large bone in my hip, and my recovery required a total of four surgeries over a year or so. The surgeon who performed the last three operations usually did his rounds late at night. He was a brilliant and talented surgeon who reminded me in appearance of a chain-smoking Einstein. He would ask about my pain and my mental state, but what I remember most is his offering to bring me French fries the next time he visited. I felt that he cared about me and, more importantly, understood what I was going through. He connected with me, and I trusted and obeyed everything he told me to do. Getting a blanket and placing it on my patient is, in the end, a check and balance for me. I have the power to order hundreds of test and treatments. I strive to always be right (or at least never wrong). And on not so rare occasions, I help save a life. But in the end, if I have not made that connection with my patient, if I have not shown them I understand their needs, then I have failed them as a physician and as a person. 56．According to the author, what does the performance of giving blankets to patients mean? A．It may be an overused expression although he doesn’t care about it. B．It gives him the power to order tests and treatments. C．It’s helpful to save a life when you are in trouble. D．It helps communicate his care towards his patients. 57．The author mentioned his own experience as a patient, which of the following is NOT his intention? A．Showing his gratitude for the surgeon B．Demonstrating his action of giving blankets C．Implying the similar function of bringing French Fries and giving blankets to patients D．Claiming the importance of patients’ trust toward doctors 58．What does the last sentence (paragraph 5) imply? A．The author felt regretful for not making connection with his patients by bringing them blankets. B．A good physician should understand patient’s needs. C．It’s important to communicate doctors’ care to their patients. D．The author failed as a person as he didn’t show his understanding for his patients’ needs. 59．The passage is manly about __________. A．emphasizing the importance of sincere care and understanding of patients B．emphasizing how to build a bridge between doctors and patients C．emphasizing that a small gesture can warm the patient’s heart D．emphasizing how to improve the doctor-patient relationship 【答案】56．D 57．D 58．C 59．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作为一名医生，作者经常给有需要的病人准备一条毯子。这是因为作者在一次生病的时候，受到了 David医生的细心照料和关心，所以在作者当了医生以后，他也尽量为病人着想，理解他们的需求。 56．推理判断题。根据第二段“Which brings me back to why I believe I should offer to bring my patients a blanket. To me it is the first step in communicating to the person that my priority is his or her comfort, both physical and emotional. It is a simple act that acknowledges my desire to meet their basic needs as a patient.(这让我回到了为什么我认为我应该给我的病人带一条毯子。对我来说，这是与他人沟通的第一步，我的首要任务是他或她的身体和情感上的舒适。这是一个简单的举动，表达了我作为病人满足他们基本需求的愿望)”可知，根据作者的观点，给病人发放毯子的行为意味着传达他对病人的关心。故选D。 57．细节理解题。根据第四段“I felt that he cared about me and, more importantly, understood what I was going through. He connected with me, and I trusted and obeyed everything he told me to do.(我觉得他关心我，更重要的是，他理解我的感受。他与我建立了联系，我信任并服从了他让我做的一切)”可知，A选项“表达对外科医生的感激之情”属于意图；根据第二段“This behavior was also modeled for me when I was a patient.(当我还是病人的时候，这种行为也是我的榜样)”可知，B选项“解释他给毛毯的行为”属于意图；根据第二段“Which brings me back to why I believe I should offer to bring my patients a blanket. To me it is the first step in communicating to the person that my priority is his or her comfort, both physical and emotional.(这让我回到了为什么我认为我应该给我的病人带一条毯子。对我来说，这是与他人沟通的第一步，我的首要任务是他或她的身体和情感上的舒适)”可知，C选项“暗示类似于给病人送薯条和送毯子的功能”属于意图；D选项没有提及，故选D。 58．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But in the end, if I have not made that connection with my patient, if I have not shown them I understand their needs, then I have failed them as a physician and as a person.(但最终，如果我没有和我的病人建立这种联系，如果我没有向他们展示我理解他们的需求，那么我就辜负了他们作为一个医生和一个人的期望)”可知，如果作者没有和他的病人建立联系，如果作者没有向病人表明他理解他们的需求，那么作者就觉得自己辜负了病人，无论是作为一名医生，还是作为一个人。换言之，作者认为要与病人建立联系，要向病人表明理解他们的需求，即把医生的关怀传达给病人是很重要的。即最后一句暗示向病人传达医生的护理很重要。故选C。 59．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Getting a blanket and placing it on my patient is, in the end, a check and balance for me. I have the power to order hundreds of test and treatments. I strive to always be right (or at least never wrong). And on not so rare occasions, I help save a life. But in the end, if I have not made that connection with my patient, if I have not shown them I understand their needs, then I have failed them as a physician and as a person.(拿条毯子给我的病人盖上，最终对我来说是一种制衡。我有权安排数百项检查和治疗。我努力做到永远正确（或者至少从不犯错）。在不太罕见的情况下，我帮助拯救了一条生命。但最终，如果我没有和我的病人建立这种联系，如果我没有向他们展示我理解他们的需求，那么我就辜负了他们作为一个医生和一个人的期望)”以及文章讲述了作为一名医生，作者经常给有需要的病人准备一条毯子。这是因为作者在一次生病的时候，受到了 David医生的细心照料和关心，所以在作者当了医生以后，他也尽量为病人着想，理解他们的需求。可知，这篇文章强调了真诚照顾和理解病人的重要性。故选A。 (B) Superb Spring Gardens Sunshine on your face, the scent of blossom in the air, the dreamy song of a blackbird.What better way to while away a spring day than in a country garden filled with flowers like magnolia, rhododendron, primula, iris, daffodils or bluebells? Here are a four of the best. LONDON The Savili Garden Egham, Surrey. Open daily. Part of the Windsor Great Park estate, with one of the country’s finest plant collections. Aptly named Spring Wood is planted with magnolia and rhododendron, including many Loderi hybrids, the flowers of which are deliciously scented, while the Azalea Walk is at its peak in mid to late May. Brilliant for families with a great cafe, too. windsorgreatpark.co.uk/en YORKSHIRE The Hirnalayan Garden Grewelthorpe, North Yorkshire. Open daily from 12 April. Set in a valley between Harrogate and Ripon, this garden features hundreds of native Himalayan plants in a setting that is perhaps as close as you can get to being in an actual Himalayan valley - especially on a misty morning. Many of the rhododendrons are wild species, collected and grown from seed and now in their mature prime. 01765 658009, himalayangarden.com SCOTLAND Arduaine Garden Near Oban, Argyll. Open daily from 1 April. Set on Scotland’s west coast amid stunning scenery, this beautiful garden benefits from the influence of the Gulf Stream. Now in the care of the National Trust for Scotland, the historic garden featured over 200 rhododendrons by the 1920s, which are still spring highlights, as are stands of primula and iris. But the real stars are the stretches of colourful and jaw-droppingly beautiful Himalayan plants. 01852 200366, nationaltrust.org.uk/arduain-garden WALES Bodnant Garden Near Colwyn Bay, Clwyd. Open daily. Rightly considered one of the UK’s finest gardens, Bodnant springs to life with pools of daffodils in Old Park Meadow, along with national collections of magnolia and rhododendron.Extensive plantings of cherry fill the garden with sweet scent in mid-spring, alongside plentiful bluebells. For these weeks from mid-May, thefamous Laburnum Arch, a long walkway with golden-yellow flowers, alone is worth a visit to experience it. 01492 650460, nationaltrust.org.uk/bodnant-garden 60．The purpose of this page is to _________. A．introduce the beauty of the superb spring gardens in the UK B．urge garden lovers to visit the websites of the four gardens C．promote different regions in the UK by introducing their gardens D．advertise four spring gardens and encourage visits to them 61．Born in London and a rhododendron lover, Sally has always been longing to visit Himalaya in person someday. She’s also fascinated by Himalayan plants. Which garden will she most probably visit during April? A．The Savill Garden B．The Himalayan Garden C．Arduaine Garden D．Bodnant Garden 62．Which of the following statements is true? A．All four gardens boast magnolia and rhododendron. B．Two gardens are open to the public only during April. C．The National Trust takes care of two of the four gardens. D．Tourists can call to know more about the four gardens. 【答案】60．D 61．B 62．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个春日里最好的花园。 60．推理判断题。根据第一段“Sunshine on your face, the scent of blossom in the air, the dreamy song of a blackbird. What better way to while away a spring day than in a country garden filled with flowers like magnolia, rhododendron, primula, iris, daffodils or bluebells? Here are a four of the best. (阳光照在你的脸上，空气中弥漫着花香，还有画眉鸟梦幻般的歌声。还有什么比在盛开着木兰、杜鹃花、报春花、鸢尾花、水仙花或风信子的乡村花园中消磨春日更好的方式呢?这里有四个最好的)”以及下文四个花园的介绍可推知，这个页面的目的是为四个春天的花园做广告，鼓励人们去参观。故选D。 61．细节理解题。根据The Hirnalayan Garden 中的“Set in a valley between Harrogate and Ripon, this garden features hundreds of native Himalayan plants in a setting that is perhaps as close as you can get to being in an actual Himalayan valley - especially on a misty morning. Many of the rhododendrons are wild species, collected and grown from seed and now in their mature prime. (这座花园坐落在哈罗盖特和里彭之间的山谷中，以数百种喜马拉雅原生植物为特色，它的环境可能是你在真正的喜马拉雅山谷中所能得到的，尤其是在一个雾蒙蒙的早晨。许多杜鹃花是野生物种，从种子收集和生长，现在处于成熟的黄金时期)”可知，对Himalayan plants感兴趣的Sally最有可能去参观The Himalayan Garden。故选B。 62．细节理解题。根据Arduaine Garden 中的“nationaltrust.org.uk/arduain-garden”和Bodnant Garden 中的“nationaltrust.org.uk/arduain-garden”可知，四个花园中有两个花园是由The National Trust管理的。故选C。 (C) On June 22, 1927, Charles Lindbergh flew into Dayton, Ohio of the US, for dinner at Orville Wright’s house. It had been just a month since the young aviator (飞行家) completed the first ever solo nonstop crossing of the Atlantic, and he felt he ought to pay his respects to the celebrated pioneer of flight. Forty-two years later, on July 16, 1969, Apollo 11 astronaut Neil Armstrong was allowed to bring a personal guest to the Kennedy Space Center to witness the launch of NASA’s towering Saturn V rocket. Armstrong invited his hero, Charles Lindbergh. One man, Lindbergh, could be the living link between the pilot of the first powered flight and the commander of the first mission to another world. In our century, for better or worse, progress isn’t what it used to be. Northwestern University economist Robert Gordon argues that by 1970, all the key technologies of modern life were in place: electricity, mechanized agriculture, highways, air travel, telecommunications, and the like. After that, innovation and economic growth simply couldn’t keep going at the breakneck pace set over the previous 100 years—a period Gordon calls “the special century.” Since 1970 the only notable creation has been the ever-growing increase in computing power in the form of the Internet and our mobile devices. But in most other ways, Gordon argues, the lives of people in developed nations look and feel the same in 2019 as they did in 1979 or 1989. Consider consumer robotics. There’s enormous potential for robots to help us with housework, education, entertainment and medical care. But home robotics companies seem to keep folding. So far, the only commercially successful home robot, the Roomba vacuum cleaner, hit the market in 2002. Or consider access to space. In 2007 the XPRIZE Foundation offered $30 million in prizes to commercial teams that would compete to land a robotic rover on the moon by 2018. Although five teams had built rovers, all had trouble raising enough money to buy launch contracts. Meanwhile the list of potentially world-changing technologies that get lots of press ink but remain stubbornly in the prototype (雏形) phase is very long. Self-driving cars, flying cars, gene therapy, nuclear fusion. Need I continue? Granted, these are all hard problems. But historically, solving the really big problems—rural electrification, for example—has required sustained, large-scale investments, often with private markets and taxpayers splitting the burden. In this century, we urgently need to undo some of the consequences of the last great boom by developing affordable zero-and negative-emissions technologies. That’s another hard problem—and to solve it, we’ll need to recapture some of what made the “special century” so special. 63．In the beginning of the passage, the author used the story Charles Lindberg to _____. A．explain technology advanced fast in the past 100 years B．infer most aviators are likely to know each other well C．prove this man was a key historic figure of the past century D．point out we should be grateful to such a pioneering inventor 64．Why does Robert Gordon call the past 100 years “the special century”? A．Computing power keeps growing at a high speed. B．New things keep coming up to make life easier. C．Human life has become highly mechanized. D．People have been trained to be more creative. 65．What can be inferred from the example of access to space in paragraph 7? A．Big innovations can’t be achieved without constant financial support. B．Technological development can’t be gained if it is not applied practically. C．Scientific projects are not considered valuable unless commercially successful. D．New creations are not worth making unless significantly improving people’s lives. 66．Which of the following best summarizes the passage? A．Sustained and large-scale investments are harder to get now than before. B．People are facing a time with more difficult problems than it used to be. C．Major technological shifts are fewer and farther between than they were. D．Solutions to the really big problems are fewer than we could expect. 【答案】63．A 64．B 65．A 66．C 【导语】文章是一篇说明文。文章通过对比前100年和这个世纪的可能改变世界的技术，发现这个世纪的技术创新和经济增长都变得很慢。 63．推理判断题。根据第三段“One man, Lindbergh, could be the living link between the pilot of the first powered flight and the commander of the first mission to another world. (一个人，林德伯格，可能是第一次动力飞行的飞行员和第一次飞往另一个世界的任务的指挥官之间的活生生的联系。)”和第四段“In our century, for better or worse, progress isn’t what it used to be. Northwestern University economist Robert Gordon argues that by 1970, all the key technologies of modern life were in place: electricity, mechanized agriculture, highways, air travel, telecommunications, and the like. After that, innovation and economic growth simply couldn’t keep going at the breakneck pace set over the previous 100 years—a period Gordon calls “the special century.” (在我们这个世纪，不管是好是坏，进步都不如从前。西北大学的经济学家罗伯特·戈登认为，到1970年，现代生活的所有关键技术都已经到位：电力、机械化农业、高速公路、航空旅行、电信等等。在那之后，创新和经济增长根本无法保持前100年的惊人速度——戈登称之为“特殊世纪”。)”可推断作者用了查尔斯·林德伯格的故事解释过去100年来科技的飞速发展，故选A。 64．细节理解题。根据第四段“In our century, for better or worse, progress isn’t what it used to be. Northwestern University economist Robert Gordon argues that by 1970, all the key technologies of modern life were in place: electricity, mechanized agriculture, highways, air travel, telecommunications, and the like. After that, innovation and economic growth simply couldn’t keep going at the breakneck pace set over the previous 100 years—a period Gordon calls “the special century.” (在我们这个世纪，不管是好是坏，进步都不如从前。西北大学的经济学家罗伯特·戈登认为，到1970年，现代生活的所有关键技术都已经到位：电力、机械化农业、高速公路、航空旅行、电信等等。在那之后，创新和经济增长根本无法保持前100年的惊人速度——戈登称之为“特殊世纪”。)”可知罗伯特·戈登把过去的100年称为“特殊的世纪”是因为新事物不断涌现，使生活更轻松。故选B。 65．推理判断题。根据第七段“In 2007 the XPRIZE Foundation offered $30 million in prizes to commercial teams that would compete to land a robotic rover on the moon by 2018. Although five teams had built rovers, all had trouble raising enough money to buy launch contracts. (2007年，XPRIZE基金会向商业团队提供了3000万美元的奖金，这些团队将竞争在2018年之前将机器人探测器送上月球。尽管有五个团队建造了探测器，但都难以筹集到足够的资金来购买发射合同。)”可推断这个利用空间的例子说明没有持续的资金支持，就无法实现重大创新。故选A。 66．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段“In this century, we urgently need to undo some of the consequences of the last great boom by developing affordable zero-and negative-emissions technologies. That’s another hard problem—and to solve it, we’ll need to recapture some of what made the “special century” so special. (在本世纪，我们迫切需要通过开发负担得起的零排放和负排放技术来消除上一次经济大繁荣带来的一些后果。这是另一个难题——为了解决这个问题，我们需要重新找回让这个“特殊世纪”如此特别的一些东西。)”可知文章主要讲述对比前100年，这个世纪的技术创新和经济增长都变得很慢，因此C选项“重大的技术变革比以前少了，间隔也远了。”符合本文大意，故选C。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. A．It generally arises from two related causes. B．It is not only the farmers and villagers who suffer. C．Scientists are doing the research on the cause of desertification. D．They destroy the land, as the oil dries out and is then blown away. E．Tree planting can help, by providing barriers between desert and rich field. F．This means that the wrong crops are planted, and need more water than is available. Imagine living on the edge of a vast desert, which is moving quietly closer to your village every day and covering your fields. The desert is on the move. This is called desertification. Desertification occurs in regions close to an already existing desert. 67 . The first is over-use of water in the area. There is not enough water in any case, and if it is not carefully used, disaster can follow. As time goes on, water shortages make farming more and more difficult. In some places, locals can remember local lakes and marshes which were once the homes for all kinds of fish and birds. They ave been completely buried by the stand now. Farmers leave the land, and fields are replaced by deserts. The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land. 68 Ploughing large fields and removing bushes and trees means that the wind will blow away the soil. Once the soil is lost, it is hard to replace, and if there is rain, it has nowhere to go, and brings no benefit. 69 Every spring, the skies over some of eastern cities, thousands of kilometers away from the deserts, can be darkened by sandstorms. Dust from deserts can have a great effect on weather systems. While desertification is perhaps being partly caused by global warming., these sandstorms can make global warming worse by adding ti what is known as the greenhouse effect. What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification? A great deal of work is already under way. Obviously the first steps are to find new water sources. 70 Some types of grass also hold the soil together, and stop the wind taking it. Without these efforts, it will be harder and harder to stop the world’s deserts in their tracks, and more and more farmers will give up and head for cities. The lesson to be learnt lies beneath the sand. 【答案】67．A 68．F 69．B 70．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了荒漠化发生的原因以及减缓或阻止荒漠化的建议。 67．根据上文“Desertification occurs in regions close to an already existing desert.(荒漠化发生在靠近已经存在的沙漠的地区)”以及后文“The first is over-use of water in the area.(首先是该地区过度使用水资源)”以及第三段“The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land.(第二个原因是滥用或过度使用土地)”可知，上文提到了荒漠化发生的地区，后文则说明了引起荒漠化的两个原因，故A选项“它通常由两个相关的原因引起”符合语境，故选A。 68．根据上文“The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land.(第二个原因是滥用或过度使用土地)”以及后文“Ploughing large fields and removing bushes and trees means that the wind will blow away the soil. Once the soil is lost, it is hard to replace, and if there is rain, it has nowhere to go, and brings no benefit.(开垦大片的土地，清除灌木和树木意味着风会把土壤吹走。土壤一旦流失，就很难再补上，如果有雨水，就无处可去，也就没有什么好处了)”可知，上文提到了第二点原因是滥用或过度使用土地，故本句承接上文解释“滥用或过度使用土地”的含义；种植了错误的作物，需要的水比现有的多。故F选项“这意味着种植了错误的作物，需要的水比现有的多”符合语境，故选F。 69．根据后文“Every spring, the skies over some of eastern cities, thousands of kilometers away from the deserts, can be darkened by sandstorms. Dust from deserts can have a great effect on weather systems. While desertification is perhaps being partly caused by global warming., these sandstorms can make global warming worse by adding ti what is known as the greenhouse effect.(每年春天，一些远离沙漠数千公里的东部城市的天空都会因沙尘暴而变暗。来自沙漠的沙尘对天气系统有很大的影响。而荒漠化可能部分是由全球变暖造成的。这些沙尘暴会增加所谓的温室效应，从而加剧全球变暖)”可知，后文提到了沙尘暴会影响到城市以及加剧全球变暖，可知本句是在说明荒漠化影响到的其中一个群体：农民和村民，故B选项“受苦的不仅仅是农民和村民”符合语境，故选B。 70．根据上文“What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification? A great deal of work is already under way. Obviously the first steps are to find new water sources.(我们可以做些什么来减缓或阻止沙漠化的进程？大量的工作已经在进行中。显然，第一步是寻找新的水源)”以及后文“Some types of grass also hold the soil together, and stop the wind taking it. Without these efforts, it will be harder and harder to stop the world’s deserts in their tracks, and more and more farmers will give up and head for cities. The lesson to be learnt lies beneath the sand.(有些种类的草还能把土壤粘在一起，阻止风带走它。如果没有这些努力，将越来越难以阻止世界上的沙漠，越来越多的农民将放弃并前往城市。我们要吸取的教训藏在沙子下面)”可知，上文提到了第一步是寻找水源，后文提到了草可以防止荒漠化，可知本句提出的建议是种植植物。故E选项“种植植物可以提供帮助，因为它在沙漠和肥沃的田地之间提供屏障”符合语境，故选E。 IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. e-learning: Hazy past—better future? How much of an effect does technology have on students’ learning? A significant one, it seems, according to experts. Currently available technologies, the most important of which are computers and the Internet, apparently provide a learning environment in which problem-solving and intellectual enquiry can flourish. The process of learning in the classroom may become significantly more effective as students can deal with information on the computer. Or so the theory goes. My own viewpoint is rather different, I’m afraid. Computers have been around for two decades as part of school equipment. There are, of course, obstacles like costs to overcome, but it’s just a matter of time and effort. This is because schools have done what every organisation does when it sees an innovation—it applies the innovation to its existing model, which adds cost but doesn’t transform the standard classroom. We have, during that period, spent over $60 billion on them, but in my view they seem to have had little or no effect on learning in schools. Content is king and the mode of delivery is irrelevant. If a teacher makes the subject matter interesting, it does not matter what, if any, equipment is used. However, change is on the horizon. I think student-centred learning will become the norm and transform education. Computers will pave the way for far more independent learning. Students who currently don’t have access to schools or teachers are now able to get online. They can study from home thanks to the fact that more learning programmes are being written for learners who are forced by their circumstances to be self-sufficient. This would prove especially beneficial in those areas of the world where quality education is limited or extremely expensive. Therefore, in a few years’ time we could have a completely different conversation about technology and its impact on learning. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although experts say modern technology has a significant effect on classroom learning, the writer holds a different view. Schools have invested much to apply computers in their classroom teaching, but it hasn’t changed the classroom teaching because what teachers teach is more important. But computers make it possible for those with no access to school to study on their own. 【分析】这是一篇概要写作。 【详解】写作步骤 1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章说明了尽管专家说现代技术对课堂学习有显著的影响，作者却持有不同的观点。学校投入了大量资金将计算机应用到课堂教学中，但这并没有改变课堂教学，因为老师教什么更重要。但是计算机使那些不能上学的人能够自学。 2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构，归纳文章各段大意。 3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。 4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点： （1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。 （2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。 （3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。 （4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。 （5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。 V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．他用水壶烧了些水，为我泡了一杯茶。(boil) 【答案】He boiled some water with a/the kettle and made a cup of tea for me. 【详解】考查时态。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“用水壶”是with a/the kettle，“烧了些水”是boil some water，boil用过去式，“为我”是for me，“泡一杯茶”是make a cup of tea，make用过去式，用and连接两个动作。故答案为He boiled some water with a/the kettle and made a cup of tea for me. 73．这两部电影的共同点是故事新颖，特效震撼，大咖云集。(What) 【答案】What these two movies have in common are novel stories, powerful special effects, and a great cast of celebrities 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“这两部电影的共同点”用what引导的主语从句，“和……有共同点”是have... in common，“这两部电影”是these two movies，主语是复数，因此have用原形，“这两部电影的共同点是”翻译为What these two movies have in common are...，“故事新颖”是novel stories，“特效震撼”是powerful special effects，“大咖云集”是a great cast of celebrities，用and连接前后三者，因此整句话翻译为“What these two movies have in common are novel stories, powerful special effects, and a great cast of celebrities”。故答案为What these two movies have in common are novel stories, powerful special effects, and a great cast of celebrities. 74．经过三个月的翻新，报告厅配备了一流的视听设备，焕然一新。(take on) 【答案】After the three-month restoration/renovation/update, the lecture hall/auditorium is equipped with/has been equipped with the top-class visual and audio equipment/facilities, taking on a new look. 【详解】考查名词、动词、介词和短语。分析句意可知，本句中的“经过”可用介词after表示；表示“翻新”可用名词restoration或renovation或 update；表示“三个月的”可用合成形容词短语three-month；表示“报告厅”可用名词auditorium或短语the lecture hall作主语；配备”可用短语be equipped with作谓语，再根据句意此处可以用一般现在时或现在完成时，所以此处用is equipped with或has been equipped with；表示“一流的”可用合成形容词top-class；表示“试听设备”可用短语audio equipment或audio facilities；表示“焕然一新”可用短语 take on a new look，再分析句式结构，因为take on和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语taking on a new look作伴随状语表主动关系。故答案为After the three-month restoration/renovation/update, the lecture hall/auditorium is equipped with/has been equipped with the top-class visual and audio equipment/ facilities, taking on a new look。 75．植物园的工作人员还准备了多部短剧，以更有趣、更多元的方式带领小朋友们走进植物的世界。(way) 【答案】The staff of the botanical garden also prepared multiple short plays to lead children into the world of plants in a more interesting and diverse way. 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。“植物园”可表示为the botanical garden；“工作人员”可表示为staff；“准备”可表示为prepare；“多部短剧”可表示为multiple short plays；“以更有趣、更多元的方式”可表示为in a more interesting and diverse way；“带领……走进……”可表示为lead...into...；“……的世界”可表示为the world of。根据句意，工作人员准备短剧是为了带领小朋友们走进植物的世界，所以这里应用不定式。故本句可翻译为：The staff of the botanical garden also prepared multiple short plays to lead children into the world of plants in a more interesting and diverse way. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的高二学生李华。你家所在的社区图书馆正在招募暑期志愿者。你对此很感兴趣，希望能在高二寒假里有一份难忘的经历。写一封申请信给图书馆的负责人，内容包括： 1.你希望申请这份工作： 2.你申请的理由(可以从能力，经验，个性等方面阐述) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Sir/Madam, I am Li Hua, a second-year student at Ming Qi High School. I am writing to apply for the summer volunteer position at our community library, as I am keen on having a memorable experience during my vacation. I believe I am a suitable candidate due to my strong organizational skills and previous volunteer experience. I have worked as a volunteer at a school library, where I enhanced my ability to manage books systematically and assist readers patiently. Additionally, I am enthusiastic about reading and sharing knowledge with others. I would be grateful if you could consider my application. I look forward to contributing positively to the library. Sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向社区图书馆的负责人申请暑期志愿者岗位，并阐述申请理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 合适的：suitable→appropriate 提高：enhance→improve 系统地：systematically→methodically 感激的：grateful→appreciative 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am Li Hua, a second-year student at Ming Qi High School. 拓展句：I am Li Hua, who is a second-year student at Ming Qi High School. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to apply for the summer volunteer position at our community library, as I am keen on having a memorable experience during my vacation. (运用了as引导的原因状语从句) 【高分句型2】I have worked as a volunteer at a school library, where I enhanced my ability to manage books systematically and assist readers patiently. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高一必修第二册英语单元测试 Unit 4 ·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a clothing store. B. At a meat stand. C. In a restaurant. D. At a supermarket. 2. A. A book seller. B. A novelist. C. A customer. D. A music lover. 3. A. Going to a diner. B. Making some pies. C. Looking for a road sign. D. Checking out of the hotel. 4. A. The scheduling of a meeting. B. The progress of their project. C. The plan for this week. D. The change in their next steps. 5. A. Not be too critical of herself. B. Not think of her final exams. C. Make a plan for her future career. D. Read more books dealing with stress. 6. A. Set off before the rush hour starts. B. Go by the long but beautiful route. C. Introduce the scenic sports along the coast. D. Send her to the airport as soon as possible. 7. A. The client's expectations are too high to live up to. B. He takes delight in handling this tough task. C. He is tired of meeting deadlines. D. The project is easy for him. 8. A. She doesn't like the steak. B. She has replaced the steak. C. She prefers tougher steak. D. She will order one more steak. 9. A. It is kept in good condition. B. It is not as good as hers. C. It was once damaged. D. It can stand any crash. 10. A. She and her sister will switch seats. B. Her sister has finished her cooking. C. The sisters share a lot of things. D. Things are going well for her sister. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It was 50% and has decreased to 10%. B. It has decreased from 90% to 50%. C. It was 10% and has increased. D. It has remained the same. 12. A. In Europe, about 85% of land has been altered by human activities. B. Urban development has led to an increase in animal habitats. C. There has been no significant impact on habitats. D. Rainforests have expanded from 9 million to 16 million square kilometers. 13. A. It can have negative environmental impacts. B. It discourages people from learning about wildlife. C. It leads to an increase in urban wildlife populations. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The slow progress in increasing the number of women in board seats. B. The companies that pay little attention to board gender diversity. C. An index intended to involve more women in professional jobs. D. An initiative to push major companies to improve financial performance. 15. A.17.9%. B.19.4%. C.19.7%. D.17.3%. 16. A. It means women's involvement is significant enough to create a real impact. B. It shows that women can make most important decisions as a director. C. It is an aim difficult for most top corporations to achieve by 2029. D. It is what some companies have already proved necessary. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. How they are relating to some gender conventions. B. How they should improve mutual understanding. C. How different they are from each other. D. How well they know about each other. 18. A. It is not rare. B. It is not typical. C. It is enduring. D. It is meaningful. 19. A. The woman loves talking on the phone. B. The woman seldom texts her friends. C. The man is good at multitasking. D. The man likes doing sports. 20. A. He is good at handling concerns. B. He is not that sympathetic. C. He enjoys working on a team. D. He does not share much. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Have you ever been embarrassed because you forgot something important? What kinds of things do you have the most trouble 21 (remember)? Mark began to introduce the guest speaker to the audience, but then paused in horror. He had forgotten her name. Barbara hid her jewelry when she went on vacation. When she came back, she couldn’t remember 22 she’s put it. Perhaps you have had experiences like these. Most people have. And, what’s more, most people 23 (bow) to a life of forgetting. They are unaware of a simple but important fact: Memory can be developed. If you will just accept that fact, this book will show you 24 it can be improved. First, relax. If you are overanxious about remembering something, you will forget it. Relaxing will enhance your awareness and ability to concentrate. You can’t remember anything 25 you can concentrate. Second, avoid being negative. If you keep telling 26 that your memory is bad, your mind will come to believe it and you won’t remembers things. When you forget something, don’t say," Gee, I need to have my brain 27 (rewire).” Instead, you need to take an active role. 28 your body, your memory can be strengthened strong exercised. Look for opportunities to exercise your memory. For example, if you are learning a language, try to actively remember irregular verbs. You may also want to make associations, or links, between 29 you are trying to remember and things you already know. For example, if you need to catch a plane at 2:00 p.m., you can imagine a plane in your mind and notice that it has two wings. Two wings = 2:00. You are now ten times 30 (likely) to remember the rake-off time. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．stem    B．dot    C． attributable   D．exceeded   E. overlook    F. exposed G. drainage    H. emerging    I. sinking     J. access    K. established The Mega-City Environment Mega-cities suffer from a catalog of environmental ills. A World Health Organization(WHO)/United Nations Environment Program(UNEP)study found that seven of the cities-Mexico City, Beijing, Cairo, Jakarta, Los Angeles, Sao Paulo and Moscow-had three or more pollutants that 31 the WHO health protection guidelines. All 20 of the cities studied by WHO/UNEP had at least one major pollutant that went beyond 32 health limits. According to the World Resources Institute, “Millions of children living in the world’s largest cities, particularly in developing countries, are 33 to life-threatening air pollution two to eight times above the maximum based on WHO guidelines. Indeed, more than 80 percent of all deaths in developing countries 34 to air pollution-induced lung infections are among children under five.” In the big Asian mega-cities such as New Delhi, Beijing and Jakarta, approximately 20 to 30 percent of all respiratory diseases 35 from air pollution. Almost all of the mega-cities face major fresh water challenges. Johannesburg, South Africa, is forced to draw water from highlands 370 miles away. In Bangkok, saltwater is invading aquifers(地下蓄水层). Mexico City has a serious 36 problem because of excessive groundwater withdrawal. More than a billion people, 20 percent of the world’s population, live without regular 37 to clean running water. While poor people are forced to pay high fees for private water, many cities squander their resources through leakages and illegal 38 . “With the population of cities expected to increase to five billion by 2025,” says Klaus Toepfer, executive director of the UNEP, “the urban demand for water is set to increase rapidly. This means that any solution to the water crisis is closely linked to the governance of cities.“ Mega-city residents, crowded into unsanitary slums, are also subject to serious disease outbreaks. Lima, Peru(with population estimated at 9.4 million by 2015)suffered a cholera outbreak in the late 1990s partly because, as the New York Times reported, ”rural people new to Lima...live in houses without running water and use the outhouses(屋外厕所)that 39 the hillsides above.“ It’s worth looking at some of these 40 mega-cities in detail, because daily life there is likely to be the pattern for a majority of the world’s population. Most are already experiencing severe environmental problems that will only be worsened by rapid population increases. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Human beings have somehow managed to engineer the night to receive us by filling it with light. This kind of control is no different from the feat ( 壮 举 ) of damming a river. Its benefits come with 41 — called light pollution — whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design. 42 lighting washes out the darkness of night, altering light levels and light rhythms to which many forms of life, including ourselves, have 43 . Wherever man-made light spills into the natural world, some aspects of life-migration, reproduction, feeding-is affected. For most human history, the phrase “light pollution” would have 44 . Imagine walking towards London on a moonlit night around 1800, when it was Earth’s most populous city. Nearly a million people lived there, 45 candles, torches and lanterns, as they always had. Only a few houses were lit by gas, and there would be no public gaslights in the streets or squares for another seven years. From a few miles away, you would have been more likely to 46 London than to see its dim collective glow. We’ve lit up the night as if it were a(n) 47 country. As a matter of fact, among mammals alone, the number of species active at night is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet attracting them to it. The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being 48 by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms, circling and circling in the thousands until they drop. It was once thought that light pollution only affected astronomers, who need to see the night sky in all its glorious clarity. Unlike astronomers, most of us may not need a 49 view of the night sky for our work. 50 , like most other creatures, we do need darkness. 51 darkness is pointless. It is as essential to maintaining our biological welfare as 52 itself; the price of modifying our internal clockwork means it doesn’t operate as it should, causing various physical discomforts. So fundamental are the regular rhythms of waking and sleep to our being that 53 them is similar to altering our center of gravity. In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to 54 our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best 55 against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way — the edge of our galaxy — arching overhead. 41. A．consequences B．achievements C．agreements D．circumstances 42. A．Randomly-designed B．Well-designed C．Poorly-designed D．Economically-designed 43. A．appealed B．adapted C．objected D．amounted 44. A．come under criticism B．made no difference C．come into effect D．made no sense 45. A．making do with B．fed up with C．identifying with D．overflowing with 46. A．visit B．greet C．feel D．smell 47. A．independent B．disconnected C．unoccupied D．excluded 48. A．exposed B．captured C．dismissed D．frustrated 49. A．clear B．comprehensive C．traditional D．critical 50. A．Subsequently B．However C．Therefore D．Similarly 51. A．Reviewing B．Embracing C．Denying D．Regulating 52. A．light B．rhythm C．status D．dawn 53. A．emerging from B．withdrawing from C．messing with D．coinciding with 54. A．keep track of B．lose sight of C．catch hold of D．let go of 55. A．measured B．neutralized C．undergone D．supervised Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) I believe that, as a doctor, I should always get a blanket for my patients who need one. Yes I know there are other people who can do this. I can ask a nurse or an orderly to do it, but I believe that I should do it. So several times a day, while working in our emergency department, I leave my patient’s bedside, get them a nice warm blanket and cover them up, before continuing on my day. Which brings me back to why I believe I should offer to bring my patients a blanket. To me it is the first step in communicating to the person that my priority is his or her comfort, both physical and emotional. It is a simple act that acknowledges my desire to meet their basic needs as a patient. It may be an overused expression but I want to treat my patients the way I would want my family members taken care of. This behavior was also modeled for me when I was a patient. Shortly after college I was involved in a serious accident while working in an ambulance as a volunteer. The short story is that I broke my femur (大腿骨), the large bone in my hip, and my recovery required a total of four surgeries over a year or so. The surgeon who performed the last three operations usually did his rounds late at night. He was a brilliant and talented surgeon who reminded me in appearance of a chain-smoking Einstein. He would ask about my pain and my mental state, but what I remember most is his offering to bring me French fries the next time he visited. I felt that he cared about me and, more importantly, understood what I was going through. He connected with me, and I trusted and obeyed everything he told me to do. Getting a blanket and placing it on my patient is, in the end, a check and balance for me. I have the power to order hundreds of test and treatments. I strive to always be right (or at least never wrong). And on not so rare occasions, I help save a life. But in the end, if I have not made that connection with my patient, if I have not shown them I understand their needs, then I have failed them as a physician and as a person. 56．According to the author, what does the performance of giving blankets to patients mean? A．It may be an overused expression although he doesn’t care about it. B．It gives him the power to order tests and treatments. C．It’s helpful to save a life when you are in trouble. D．It helps communicate his care towards his patients. 57．The author mentioned his own experience as a patient, which of the following is NOT his intention? A．Showing his gratitude for the surgeon B．Demonstrating his action of giving blankets C．Implying the similar function of bringing French Fries and giving blankets to patients D．Claiming the importance of patients’ trust toward doctors 58．What does the last sentence (paragraph 5) imply? A．The author felt regretful for not making connection with his patients by bringing them blankets. B．A good physician should understand patient’s needs. C．It’s important to communicate doctors’ care to their patients. D．The author failed as a person as he didn’t show his understanding for his patients’ needs. 59．The passage is manly about __________. A．emphasizing the importance of sincere care and understanding of patients B．emphasizing how to build a bridge between doctors and patients C．emphasizing that a small gesture can warm the patient’s heart D．emphasizing how to improve the doctor-patient relationship (B) Superb Spring Gardens Sunshine on your face, the scent of blossom in the air, the dreamy song of a blackbird.What better way to while away a spring day than in a country garden filled with flowers like magnolia, rhododendron, primula, iris, daffodils or bluebells? Here are a four of the best. LONDON The Savili Garden Egham, Surrey. Open daily. Part of the Windsor Great Park estate, with one of the country’s finest plant collections. Aptly named Spring Wood is planted with magnolia and rhododendron, including many Loderi hybrids, the flowers of which are deliciously scented, while the Azalea Walk is at its peak in mid to late May. Brilliant for families with a great cafe, too. windsorgreatpark.co.uk/en YORKSHIRE The Hirnalayan Garden Grewelthorpe, North Yorkshire. Open daily from 12 April. Set in a valley between Harrogate and Ripon, this garden features hundreds of native Himalayan plants in a setting that is perhaps as close as you can get to being in an actual Himalayan valley - especially on a misty morning. Many of the rhododendrons are wild species, collected and grown from seed and now in their mature prime. 01765 658009, himalayangarden.com SCOTLAND Arduaine Garden Near Oban, Argyll. Open daily from 1 April. Set on Scotland’s west coast amid stunning scenery, this beautiful garden benefits from the influence of the Gulf Stream. Now in the care of the National Trust for Scotland, the historic garden featured over 200 rhododendrons by the 1920s, which are still spring highlights, as are stands of primula and iris. But the real stars are the stretches of colourful and jaw-droppingly beautiful Himalayan plants. 01852 200366, nationaltrust.org.uk/arduain-garden WALES Bodnant Garden Near Colwyn Bay, Clwyd. Open daily. Rightly considered one of the UK’s finest gardens, Bodnant springs to life with pools of daffodils in Old Park Meadow, along with national collections of magnolia and rhododendron.Extensive plantings of cherry fill the garden with sweet scent in mid-spring, alongside plentiful bluebells. For these weeks from mid-May, thefamous Laburnum Arch, a long walkway with golden-yellow flowers, alone is worth a visit to experience it. 01492 650460, nationaltrust.org.uk/bodnant-garden 60．The purpose of this page is to _________. A．introduce the beauty of the superb spring gardens in the UK B．urge garden lovers to visit the websites of the four gardens C．promote different regions in the UK by introducing their gardens D．advertise four spring gardens and encourage visits to them 61．Born in London and a rhododendron lover, Sally has always been longing to visit Himalaya in person someday. She’s also fascinated by Himalayan plants. Which garden will she most probably visit during April? A．The Savill Garden B．The Himalayan Garden C．Arduaine Garden D．Bodnant Garden 62．Which of the following statements is true? A．All four gardens boast magnolia and rhododendron. B．Two gardens are open to the public only during April. C．The National Trust takes care of two of the four gardens. D．Tourists can call to know more about the four gardens. (C) On June 22, 1927, Charles Lindbergh flew into Dayton, Ohio of the US, for dinner at Orville Wright’s house. It had been just a month since the young aviator (飞行家) completed the first ever solo nonstop crossing of the Atlantic, and he felt he ought to pay his respects to the celebrated pioneer of flight. Forty-two years later, on July 16, 1969, Apollo 11 astronaut Neil Armstrong was allowed to bring a personal guest to the Kennedy Space Center to witness the launch of NASA’s towering Saturn V rocket. Armstrong invited his hero, Charles Lindbergh. One man, Lindbergh, could be the living link between the pilot of the first powered flight and the commander of the first mission to another world. In our century, for better or worse, progress isn’t what it used to be. Northwestern University economist Robert Gordon argues that by 1970, all the key technologies of modern life were in place: electricity, mechanized agriculture, highways, air travel, telecommunications, and the like. After that, innovation and economic growth simply couldn’t keep going at the breakneck pace set over the previous 100 years—a period Gordon calls “the special century.” Since 1970 the only notable creation has been the ever-growing increase in computing power in the form of the Internet and our mobile devices. But in most other ways, Gordon argues, the lives of people in developed nations look and feel the same in 2019 as they did in 1979 or 1989. Consider consumer robotics. There’s enormous potential for robots to help us with housework, education, entertainment and medical care. But home robotics companies seem to keep folding. So far, the only commercially successful home robot, the Roomba vacuum cleaner, hit the market in 2002. Or consider access to space. In 2007 the XPRIZE Foundation offered $30 million in prizes to commercial teams that would compete to land a robotic rover on the moon by 2018. Although five teams had built rovers, all had trouble raising enough money to buy launch contracts. Meanwhile the list of potentially world-changing technologies that get lots of press ink but remain stubbornly in the prototype (雏形) phase is very long. Self-driving cars, flying cars, gene therapy, nuclear fusion. Need I continue? Granted, these are all hard problems. But historically, solving the really big problems—rural electrification, for example—has required sustained, large-scale investments, often with private markets and taxpayers splitting the burden. In this century, we urgently need to undo some of the consequences of the last great boom by developing affordable zero-and negative-emissions technologies. That’s another hard problem—and to solve it, we’ll need to recapture some of what made the “special century” so special. 63．In the beginning of the passage, the author used the story Charles Lindberg to _____. A．explain technology advanced fast in the past 100 years B．infer most aviators are likely to know each other well C．prove this man was a key historic figure of the past century D．point out we should be grateful to such a pioneering inventor 64．Why does Robert Gordon call the past 100 years “the special century”? A．Computing power keeps growing at a high speed. B．New things keep coming up to make life easier. C．Human life has become highly mechanized. D．People have been trained to be more creative. 65．What can be inferred from the example of access to space in paragraph 7? A．Big innovations can’t be achieved without constant financial support. B．Technological development can’t be gained if it is not applied practically. C．Scientific projects are not considered valuable unless commercially successful. D．New creations are not worth making unless significantly improving people’s lives. 66．Which of the following best summarizes the passage? A．Sustained and large-scale investments are harder to get now than before. B．People are facing a time with more difficult problems than it used to be. C．Major technological shifts are fewer and farther between than they were. D．Solutions to the really big problems are fewer than we could expect. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. A．It generally arises from two related causes. B．It is not only the farmers and villagers who suffer. C．Scientists are doing the research on the cause of desertification. D．They destroy the land, as the oil dries out and is then blown away. E．Tree planting can help, by providing barriers between desert and rich field. F．This means that the wrong crops are planted, and need more water than is available. Imagine living on the edge of a vast desert, which is moving quietly closer to your village every day and covering your fields. The desert is on the move. This is called desertification. Desertification occurs in regions close to an already existing desert. 67 . The first is over-use of water in the area. There is not enough water in any case, and if it is not carefully used, disaster can follow. As time goes on, water shortages make farming more and more difficult. In some places, locals can remember local lakes and marshes which were once the homes for all kinds of fish and birds. They ave been completely buried by the stand now. Farmers leave the land, and fields are replaced by deserts. The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land. 68 Ploughing large fields and removing bushes and trees means that the wind will blow away the soil. Once the soil is lost, it is hard to replace, and if there is rain, it has nowhere to go, and brings no benefit. 69 Every spring, the skies over some of eastern cities, thousands of kilometers away from the deserts, can be darkened by sandstorms. Dust from deserts can have a great effect on weather systems. While desertification is perhaps being partly caused by global warming., these sandstorms can make global warming worse by adding ti what is known as the greenhouse effect. What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification? A great deal of work is already under way. Obviously the first steps are to find new water sources. 70 Some types of grass also hold the soil together, and stop the wind taking it. Without these efforts, it will be harder and harder to stop the world’s deserts in their tracks, and more and more farmers will give up and head for cities. The lesson to be learnt lies beneath the sand. IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. e-learning: Hazy past—better future? How much of an effect does technology have on students’ learning? A significant one, it seems, according to experts. Currently available technologies, the most important of which are computers and the Internet, apparently provide a learning environment in which problem-solving and intellectual enquiry can flourish. The process of learning in the classroom may become significantly more effective as students can deal with information on the computer. Or so the theory goes. My own viewpoint is rather different, I’m afraid. Computers have been around for two decades as part of school equipment. There are, of course, obstacles like costs to overcome, but it’s just a matter of time and effort. This is because schools have done what every organisation does when it sees an innovation—it applies the innovation to its existing model, which adds cost but doesn’t transform the standard classroom. We have, during that period, spent over $60 billion on them, but in my view they seem to have had little or no effect on learning in schools. Content is king and the mode of delivery is irrelevant. If a teacher makes the subject matter interesting, it does not matter what, if any, equipment is used. However, change is on the horizon. I think student-centred learning will become the norm and transform education. Computers will pave the way for far more independent learning. Students who currently don’t have access to schools or teachers are now able to get online. They can study from home thanks to the fact that more learning programmes are being written for learners who are forced by their circumstances to be self-sufficient. This would prove especially beneficial in those areas of the world where quality education is limited or extremely expensive. Therefore, in a few years’ time we could have a completely different conversation about technology and its impact on learning. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．他用水壶烧了些水，为我泡了一杯茶。(boil) 73．这两部电影的共同点是故事新颖，特效震撼，大咖云集。(What) 74．经过三个月的翻新，报告厅配备了一流的视听设备，焕然一新。(take on) 75．植物园的工作人员还准备了多部短剧，以更有趣、更多元的方式带领小朋友们走进植物的世界。(way) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的高二学生李华。你家所在的社区图书馆正在招募暑期志愿者。你对此很感兴趣，希望能在高二寒假里有一份难忘的经历。写一封申请信给图书馆的负责人，内容包括： 1.你希望申请这份工作： 2.你申请的理由(可以从能力，经验，个性等方面阐述) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $