Unit 3单元练习题 -2025-2026学年英语外研版八年级上册

外研版初中英语八年级上册U3单元练习题 (考试时间90分钟，满分120分) 一、阅读理解（共4篇，20小题；每题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Thomas Edison once said, “Curiosity is one of the permanent and certain characteristics of a vigorous mind.” Throughout history, curiosity has been the driving force behind countless great discoveries. Marie Curie, a world-famous physicist and chemist, was always curious about the mysterious rays that some materials gave off. She spent years doing experiments in a small, cold lab, even when she faced financial difficulties and health problems. Her curiosity led her to discover two new elements, polonium and radium. These discoveries not only changed the way people looked at science but also laid the foundation for modern medical treatments for cancer. Curiosity can also push people to step out of their comfort zones. Take Jane Goodall for example. She was curious about the behavior of chimpanzees in the wild. Instead of studying them only through books, she moved to the forests of Tanzania. For over 50 years, she lived with chimpanzees, observing their daily lives. Her work showed that chimpanzees have complex social structures, just like humans. Her findings helped people understand animals better and encouraged more people to protect wildlife. Beyond making discoveries, curiosity helps people stay eager to learn. Leonardo da Vinci was curious about almost everything—from how birds fly to how the human body works. He filled thousands of notebooks with sketches and ideas. Even though many of his ideas were ahead of his time, his curiosity never faded. He once wrote, “I have been impressed with the urgency of doing. Knowing is not enough; we must apply. Being willing is not enough; we must do.” Curiosity is more than just a desire to know. It is a power that helps us explore the unknown, solve problems, and make the world a better place. 1. What does the underlined word “vigorous” probably mean? A. Weak B. Active C. Tired D. Closed 2. Marie Curie’s discoveries contributed to ______. A. the development of cancer treatments B. the invention of new lab equipment C. the improvement of living conditions D. the study of chimpanzee behavior 3. Why did Jane Goodall move to Tanzania? A. To write books about animals B. To find new elements in nature C. To observe chimpanzees in the wild D. To raise money for wildlife protection 4. What can we learn about Leonardo da Vinci from the passage? A. He only studied human body structure B. His ideas were all put into practice at his time C. He was curious about a wide range of things D. He never kept records of his ideas 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Famous people’s daily lives B. The importance of curiosity C. The history of scientific discoveries D. Ways to explore the unknown world B At the age of 15, Alex Lee showed his first 3D-printed invention at a local tech fair—a lightweight hand that could help people with disabilities. Little did he know that this small creation would change the lives of many. Alex first got the idea when he met a boy named Tim at a community event. Tim was born without a right hand. His artificial hand was expensive and heavy, making it hard for him to do simple things like holding a pencil or tying his shoes. Alex was shocked to learn that a basic artificial hand cost over $50,000, which was far beyond what Tim’s family could afford. “I built my first 3D-printed hand for just $100,” Alex thought. “I want to make something that’s cheap and easy to use.” After the fair, Alex turned his bedroom into a small workshop. He spent every weekend researching and testing new designs. At first, his hands were too stiff and couldn’t move smoothly. But Alex didn’t give up. He kept adjusting the materials and structure. When Alex turned 18, he made a big breakthrough. He invented an artificial hand that weighed only 0.3 kilograms. It could be controlled by the user’s muscle signals, allowing them to grab and hold objects easily. What’s more, it cost less than $300 to make. Alex didn’t want to keep his design to himself. He uploaded all the plans online for free. People from all over the world downloaded the designs and printed hands for those in need. To date, Alex’s invention has helped more than 2,000 people with disabilities. Alex says, “The best part of inventing is not making money. It’s seeing someone smile when they can do something they couldn’t do before.” 6. What was Tim’s problem? A. He couldn’t afford a cheap artificial hand B. His artificial hand was expensive and heavy C. He didn’t know how to use a 3D printer D. He couldn’t attend the tech fair 7. How much did Alex’s first 3D-printed hand cost? A. $100 B. $300 C. $50,000 D. $80,000 8. What was Alex’s big breakthrough at 18? A. He built a workshop for making artificial hands B. He met Tim at a community event C. He invented a lightweight and low-cost artificial hand D. He sold his design to people around the world 9. Why did Alex upload his design online for free? A. To make more money B. To help people with disabilities C. To become famous D. To test his new ideas 10. What can we learn from Alex’s story? A. 3D printing is too difficult for teenagers B. Expensive inventions are always better C. Small ideas can make a big difference D. It’s impossible to help others without money C When 12-year-old Lily Wang visited a science museum, she saw an exhibit about ocean pollution that caught her eye. She was curious about how plastic waste harms marine life. Back at home, she started to research the problem and found that millions of tons of plastic end up in the ocean every year, killing fish, turtles and other sea creatures. Lily decided to take action. She started a school club called “Ocean Savers”. The club members collected plastic bottles from their neighborhood and sold them to a recycling company. They used the money to buy reusable bags and distribute them to local shops. Lily also gave speeches at other schools, telling students about the importance of reducing plastic use. At first, some people laughed at her small effort. But Lily didn’t care. She kept working hard, and soon more and more people joined her club. Two years later, “Ocean Savers” had over 200 members across the city. Their work has helped reduce plastic waste in the local area by 30%. Lily’s curiosity and determination have inspired many people to protect the environment. 11. What made Lily start to research ocean pollution? A. A speech at school B. A neighbor’s suggestion C. An exhibit at a science museum D. A TV program about marine life 12. What did the “Ocean Savers” do with the money from selling plastic bottles? A. They bought new lab equipment B. They purchased reusable bags C. They donated it to a charity D. They funded Lily’s research 13. What can we infer about Lily from the passage? A. She gave up easily when facing difficulties B. She was not interested in science at all C. She was determined to solve the pollution problem D. She only cared about her own school 14. How much has plastic waste been reduced in Lily’s local area? A. 10% B. 20% C. 30% D. 40% 15. What is the passage mainly about? A. A girl’s effort to reduce ocean plastic waste B. The dangers of plastic pollution to marine life C. How to start a school club for environmental protection D. The importance of recycling plastic bottles D Wan Hu, a Chinese official living during the Ming Dynasty, was a man full of curiosity about the sky. He dreamed of flying to space and exploring the unknown world beyond Earth. At that time, people knew very little about outer space, but Wan Hu refused to let that stop him from trying. He came up with a creative idea: he would build a “flying chair” tied with 47 rockets. He believed that the rockets would provide enough power to lift the chair into the sky. On the day of the test, Wan Hu sat on the chair, holding two large kites to help control his flight. His assistants lit the rockets, and there was a loud bang. When the smoke cleared, Wan Hu was nowhere to be seen. Although Wan Hu’s attempt failed, he is still remembered as a pioneer of space exploration. His curiosity and courage inspired many later scientists and inventors. Today, we have spaceships and satellites that can travel to the moon and even beyond. It is the curiosity of people like Wan Hu that has opened the door to the universe for humanity. 16. What was Wan Hu curious about? A. The ocean B. The sky C. Animals D. Medicine 17. What did Wan Hu use to make his “flying chair”? A. 47 rockets and two kites B. Plastic blocks and fishing line C. Muscle signals and 3D printers D. Reusable bags and plastic bottles 18. What happened when the rockets were lit? A. The chair flew to the moon B. There was a loud bang C. The kites broke immediately D. Wan Hu landed safely 19. Why is Wan Hu remembered today? A. He was the first person to reach the moon B. He invented the first spaceship C. He was a pioneer of space exploration D. He discovered new elements 20. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The history of space exploration B. Wan Hu’s creative idea of a flying chair C. The importance of curiosity in space exploration D. How to build a flying chair with rockets 二、短文还原（7选5；每题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项。选项中多余的选项为(1)和(2)。 Curiosity is the key to human progress. It is what drives us to explore, discover, and invent. Here are some examples of how curiosity has changed the world. 21. Marie Curie was curious about the mysterious rays from certain materials. She spent years doing experiments and finally discovered polonium and radium. Her work laid the foundation for modern cancer treatments. 22 He was shocked by the high cost of artificial hands for disabled children. He turned his bedroom into a workshop and invented a lightweight, low-cost 3D-printed hand. He even shared his design online for free, helping thousands of people. 23 After seeing an exhibit on ocean pollution, she became curious about plastic waste in the ocean. She started a club called “Ocean Savers” to collect plastic bottles and promote reusable bags. Her efforts reduced local plastic waste by 30%. 24 He was curious about the sky and dreamed of flying to space. He built a flying chair with rockets, even though the test ended in failure. His courage inspired later space explorers. 25 From Marie Curie to Alex Lee, from Lily Wang to Wan Hu, curiosity has helped humans solve problems and make the world a better place. As Albert Einstein said, “I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious.” A. Alex Lee is a young inventor with a kind heart. B. Jane Goodall spent 50 years living with chimpanzees in Tanzania. C. Marie Curie is one of the most famous scientists in history. D. Lily Wang is a teenager who cares about the environment. E. Wan Hu was a Ming Dynasty official with a dream of space travel. F. Curiosity has played an important role in human history. G. Leonardo da Vinci was curious about birds and the human body. 三、综合填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分） A 阅读短文，从方框中选择10个词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有1个词多余。 curiosity invention discovery problem effort example importance courage progress success kindness Curiosity is the greatest power that pushes human 26____ forward. Many great 27____ and 28____ in history come from people’s strong desire to know the unknown. Marie Curie’s story is a perfect 29____. Her 30____ about mysterious rays led her to find polonium and radium, which was a great 31____ for medical science. Alex Lee’s story shows us both 32____ and 33____. He noticed the 34____ of expensive artificial hands and decided to help. With his hard 35____, he made a light and cheap 3D-printed hand and shared it for free. B 阅读短文，从方框中选择10个词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有1个词多余。 inspire create solve research improve observe collect invent explore show refuse Lily Wang 36____ ocean pollution after she visited a science museum. She 37____ plastic bottles with her club members and 38____ reusable bags to local people. Her action 39____ many others to join the environmental protection. Wan Hu 40____ to give up his dream of flying to the sky. He 41____ a special flying chair with rockets. Although he failed, his spirit 42____ later scientists to 43____ outer space. Leonardo da Vinci 44____ the world around him carefully. He 45____ thousands of sketches and ideas, which are still amazing today. 四、阅读表达（共5小题；每题4分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，根据要求完成下列各题。 Curiosity and kindness are two valuable qualities that can change the world. Marie Curie’s curiosity about science led to discoveries that saved millions of lives. Alex Lee used his invention to help disabled people without asking for money. Lily Wang turned her curiosity about ocean pollution into action, making her hometown cleaner. Wan Hu’s courage to explore the sky inspired later space explorers. These people showed that everyone can make a difference, no matter how old they are. What they have in common is their desire to know more and to help others. As we look at their stories, we realize that curiosity is not just about asking questions. It’s about taking action to find answers and using what we learn to solve problems for others. 46. What are the two valuable qualities that can change the world according to the passage? 47. What did Alex Lee do to help disabled people? 48. What did Lily Wang do to make her hometown cleaner? 49. What is curiosity not just about according to the passage? 50. Please translate the underlined phrase “solve problems for others” into Chinese. 五、书面表达（满分20分） 好奇心是探索未知的动力，善意是温暖他人的光。结合本试卷中玛丽·居里、亚历克斯·李等人的故事，以 Curiosity and Kindness Make the World Better 为题，写一篇不少于100词的短文。 要求：1. 紧扣主题；2. 结构清晰；3. 语句通顺。 参考答案 满分：120分 一、阅读理解（1-20题，每题2分，共40分） 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. C 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C 二、短文还原（21-25题，每题2分，共10分） 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. E 25. F 三、综合填空（26-45题，每题1.5分，共30分） A（非动词11选10） 26. progress 27. inventions 28. discoveries 29. example 30. curiosity 27. importance 32. kindness 33. courage 34. problem 35. effort （多余词：success） B（动词11选10） 36. researched 37. collected 38. showed 39. inspired 40. refused 37. invented 42. inspired 43. explore 44. observed 45. created （多余词：improve） 四、阅读表达（1-5题，每题4分，共20分） 1. Curiosity and kindness. 2. He invented a cheap artificial hand. 3. She started a club to reduce plastic waste. 4. It’s not just about asking questions. 5. 为他人解决问题 五、书面表达（满分20分） 参考范文（100词左右） Curiosity and Kindness Make the World Better Einstein said curiosity is his key to success. Curiosity drives people to explore. Marie Curie’s curiosity led to great discoveries, and Wan Hu’s dream of space inspired later explorers. Kindness makes discoveries useful. Alex Lee invented a cheap artificial hand and shared it for free. Lily Wang started a club to protect the ocean. Both used their ideas to help others. Curiosity plus kindness changes the world. As teenagers, we should keep curious and kind. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $