专题 J873 Unit 7 The natural world 阅读理解-【题型易-必考题型精练】2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元话题中心题型梯度训练 月考突破 题型特训（译林版2024）

单元话题·梯度训练 专题J871完形填空（15小题） 单元话题中心 题型特训 Unit 7 The natural world 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内 容 提 要 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 – 10 二、 进阶提升 Passage 11 -15 Passage 1 1. When is International Coastal Cleanup Day? A．On 10th September. B．On 20th September. C．On 1st October. D．On 10th October. 2. What are the volunteers expected to do? A．To collect trash on the beach. B．To look after sea animals. C．To give away bags to tourists. D．To prepare for a beach concert. 3. What can we learn from the text? A．Volunteers have to bring trash bags. B．The programme will last a whole day. C．Those who collect the most get a prize. D．There is an age limit for the programme. 4. In which category (类别) can we find the text? A．News. B．Science. C．Travel. D．Environment. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一则海报，邀请大家在国际海岸清洁日到白沙湾海滩参加海滩清洁。 1. 细节理解题。根据“INTERNATIONAL COASTAL CLEANUP DAY”和“20th September”可知，国际海岸清洁日在9月20日，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“You can work on your own or as a team to collect as much trash from our beautiful beach as possible.”可知，志愿者应该收集海滩上的垃圾。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“PRIZE FOR MOST TRASH COLLECTED!”可知，收集垃圾最多的人会得到奖品。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。本文介绍了在国际海岸清洁日去海边做志愿者收集垃圾，因此属于环境类别。故选D。 Passage 2 Snow fell on the mountain. It snowed and snowed. The snow did not melt(融化). It became deep and heavy. The snow on the bottom pressed (挤压) together, it became ice. The ice was very wide and thick. It began to move down the mountain. It was like a river of ice. It was a glacier(冰河). Sometimes the glacier moved only a few inches(英寸) each day. As it moved, it took rocks and dirt with it. It changed the land. In some places, it left hills. In some places, when the glacier melted, it made rivers and lakes. A million years ago, there were many big glaciers. Glaciers covered many parts of the world. The glaciers changed the land. Glaciers are still at work today. A glacier in the north of Canada is cutting a new path down the side of a mountain. This glacier will change the land, too. 1. The snow fell on the mountain and ________. A．became snowman B．melted C．turned to rain D．became ice 2. When the glacier melted, it made _______ . A．rivers and lakes B．rocks and dirt C．hills and mountains D．paths and water 3. The passage makes us believe _______. A．The glaciers never melt B．The glaciers always move only a few inches each day C．There were glaciers a million years ago D．Glaciers cannot change the land 4. The main idea of the passage is that ________. A．snow is heavy B．the high land never changes C．glaciers changed the land D．Each part of the world is full of ice. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. C 【导语】本文主要讲述的是冰河的形成及冰河对环境带来的变化与影响。 1. 细节理解题。根据“The snow on the bottom pressed (挤压) together, it became ice.”可知，山上的雪变成了冰，故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“In some places, when the glacier melted, it made rivers and lakes.”可知，当冰川融化时，它形成了河流和湖泊。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“A million years ago, there were many big glaciers.”可知，一百万年前就有冰川，故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。短文主要讲述了冰河的形成及其对环境的改变。故选C。 Passage 3 Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls is really beautiful, but in terms of the height, the most fantastic one in the world is Angel Falls. It’s deep in the jungles (丛林) of Venezuela. Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you go there on foot, you have to travel for weeks through thick jungles. If you go by plane from Caracas, a city on the southern coast, it will take about four hours. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how they were found. It was named after an American pilot. His name was Jimmy Angel. In 1937, his plane crashed (坠毁) near the top of the falls. That’s how he found it. Angel Falls drops nearly a kilometer from a tabletop mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the falls is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog (雾). 1. What is the world’s highest waterfall? A．Niagara Falls. B．Huangguoshu Falls. C．Angel Falls. D．Iguazu Falls. 2. If you want to visit Angel Falls, you’ll spend ______ walking there. A．four weeks B．four days C．a few days D．a few weeks 3. What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Some interesting facts about Angel Falls. B．Who found Angel Falls. C．How Jimmy Angel found Angel Falls. D．How Jimmy Angel’s plane crashed. 4. What is the best title (标题) for this text? A．The Most Interesting Place B．How to Visit Angel Falls C．Who Found Angel Falls D．The World’s Highest Waterfall 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文主要讨论了世界上最高的瀑布，详细介绍了Angel Falls的位置、发现过程以及特点。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Niagara Falls is really beautiful, but in terms of the height, the most fantastic one in the world is Angel Falls.”可知，世界最高的瀑布是Angel Falls，故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“If you go there on foot, you have to travel for weeks.”可知，步行到达Angel Falls需要几周时间，故选D。 3. 主旨大意题。根据“One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how they were found.”及下文内容可知，第三段主要叙述了Jimmy Angel如何发现Angel Falls的。故选C。 4. 最佳标题题。整篇文章围绕Angel Falls展开，重点介绍了Angel Falls作为世界最高瀑布的信息，因此选项D“The World’s Highest Waterfall”是对整篇文章主题的最佳概括。故选D。 Passage 4 The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains in South America. It passes through six countries. The Amazon is the second longest river in the world. But the Amazon has more water in it than any other river. That is why it is called the world’s biggest river. There are so much water in the Amazon that when it reaches the sea, the water travels far out into the ocean. The river is very deep and very wide. In some places it is so wide that a person on one side cannot see the other side. When the river floods, it is even wider. The river floods every year. So some people who live beside the river build their houses on rafts. There are millions of fish in the Amazon River. One of these is the piranha (水虎鱼) with its very sharp teeth. Piranhas hunt in group. They usually eat other fish, but sometimes they attack large animals or even people. 1. The Amazon is the ________ longest river in the world. A．first B．second C．third D．fourth. 2. Which sentence is right? A．There are millions of fish in the Amazon River. B．The piranha is a tiger. C．The water in the Amazon is never clean. D．Many people always visit the Amazon River. 3. Why is the Amazon called the world’s biggest river? A．Because it has more water than any other river. B．Because it is the longest river. C．Because it is deep enough. D．Because it is wide enough. 4. What’s the best title in the passage? A．The longest river. B．The deepest river. C．The widest river. D．The Amazon River. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了亚马逊河。 1. 细节理解题。根据“The Amazon is the second longest river in the world.”可知，亚马逊河是世界第二大河。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“There are millions of fish in the Amazon River.”可知，亚马逊河里有数百万条鱼。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“But the Amazon has more water in it than any other river. That is why it is called the world’s biggest river.”可知，亚马逊河的水量比其他任何河流都多，这就是为什么它被称为世界上最大的河流。故选A。 4. 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了亚马逊河，故选D。 Passage 5 As we all know, climate change has greatly influenced the birds’ living environment. Take Poyang Lake as an example. As an important habitat for the seriously endangered birds, Poyang Lake has experienced unusual rises and falls in recent years. “In some years, the lake experiences floods, while in others it experiences a shortage of rain. Both of these situations lead to less food in the birds’ habitat,” a scientist told China Daily. To solve such habitat problems, China has named about 1,000 places these years as important living and winter places in wetlands. To protect China’s wetlands, a law was also made in 2022 to control human activities. According to the law, people can’t overuse the wetlands. What's more, they can’t pour (倒) waste water into the wetlands. Since these methods have worked well, more birds have been seen living in the nation’s wetlands. In February, Hunan Province reported that more than 70 kinds of water birds had spent the past winter at Dongting Lake, and that the number of one endangered kind of birds had increased from 300 in the 1980s to more than 5,000 at present. All of these cases show a better future. 1. How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking and answering questions. B．By listing numbers and giving ideas. C．By comparing two different ideas. D．By listing a fact and giving an example. 2. What does the underlined word “shortage” mean? A．缺少 B．充足 C．跌落 D．获得 3. What does the writer think of the future of wetlands protection? A．Interested. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Hopeful. 4. We can read this passage in the ________ part of a magazine. A．Sports B．Nature C．Travel D．Geography 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了气候变化对鸟类生存环境的影响，以及中国为保护湿地和鸟类所采取的措施及其成效。 1. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As we all know, climate change has greatly influenced the birds’ living environment. Take Poyang Lake as an example.”可知，作者通过列举事实（气候变化影响鸟类生存）并给出具体例子（鄱阳湖）开篇。故选D。 2. 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“In some years, the lake experiences floods, while in others it experiences a shortage of rain.”可知，“shortage”与“floods”形成对比，意为“不足、缺少”。故选A。 3. 观点态度题。根据文章最后一段“All of these cases show a better future.”可知，作者对湿地保护的未来持乐观态度。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。全文围绕湿地保护、鸟类生存环境及气候变化展开，属于自然生态话题。因此最可能出现在杂志的“自然”板块。故选B。 Passage 6 Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls is really very beautiful, but when we talk about the height, Angel Falls is the highest in the world. It is located deep in the jungle (丛林) of Venezuela (委内瑞拉). Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you went by car, you would have to travel for weeks through the jungle. If you went by plane from Caracas, a city on the southern coast, it would take about four hours. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how it got its name. It was named after an American pilot. His name was Jimmy Angel. In 1937, his plane crashed near the waterfall. Though local people already knew about it, his story made it famous, and it was later named after him. Angel Falls drops nearly a kilometre from a table-top mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the waterfall is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog (雾). If you have a chance to visit it, you’ll never forget it! 1. Few people have ever seen Angel Falls because ________. A．it is not easy to get there B．the tickets are very expensive C．there is no hotel or restaurant D．visitors can only get there on foot 2. If you want to get to Angel Falls in a short time, you can choose to take ________ according to the text. A．the bus B．the car C．the plane D．the train 3. From the third paragraph, we know ________. A．local people never heard about the waterfall B．Jimmy Angel’s plane reached near the waterfall in 1937 C．a pilot from Caracas got to the waterfall D．Angel Falls was named after American pilot Jimmy Angel 4. What is the best title for the text? A．Where We Should Go B．Jimmy Angel C．Niagara Falls D．The World’s Highest Waterfall 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了位于委内瑞拉境内的世界最高的安赫尔瀑布的概况。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there.”可知，见过安赫尔瀑布的人很少是因为很难到达那里。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“If you went by car, you would have to travel for weeks through the jungle. If you went by plane from Caracas, a city on the southern coast, it would take about four hours.”可知，去安赫尔瀑布，开车需要行驶数周，坐飞机约需要四小时，相比之下，飞机耗时更短。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“It was named after an American pilot. His name was Jimmy Angel.”可知，安赫尔瀑布是以美国飞行员的名字命名的。故选D。 4. 最佳标题题。根据“Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is?”以及安赫尔瀑布的位置、特点、名字由来等展开介绍可知，本文的核心内容是“世界上最高的瀑布”。故选D。 Passage 7 ① There may be no place more dangerous than Death Valley (死亡大峡谷). Death Valley is the hottest and driest place in North America. ②Death Valley isn’t an easy place to live in. It gets less than two feet of rain a year and it’s hot, too. In July, the temperature often gets over 46℃. There is even a lake that has turned into salt crystals (晶体). But it is cold at night. When it gets cold enough, the water on the ground will turn into very thin ice. Then the strong wind—like a large hand—can move the rocks along the icy ground. That is why the rocks can “walk” on their own in Death Valley. ③The weather condition (状况) in Death Valley is terrible, but it is still full of life. Nothing can stop plants and animals from making it their home. People have found more than 1,000 kinds of plants there. It also has 51 kinds of mammals (哺乳动物), 6 kinds of fish, and more than 300 kinds of birds. The animals aren’t all small, either. ④Finding water is the biggest challenge for anything that lives there. Some plants have roots that go fifty feet under the ground to find water. Kangaroo rats (更格卢鼠) get the water they need from flowers. ⑤Death Valley really makes a lot of surprises! 1. Death Valley is the ________ place in North America. A．safest B．hottest C．wettest D．coldest 2. The rocks can “walk” on their own in Death Valley because ________. A．it gets less than two feet of rain a year in Death Valley B．the water on the ground will turn into very thin ice C．the strong wind can move the rocks along the icy ground D．the weather condition in Death Valley is really terrible 3. How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 4? A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions. C．By giving suggestions. D．By telling stories. 4. Which is the best structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①/②③④/⑤ 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国的死亡大峡谷。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Death Valley is the hottest and the driest place in North America.”可知，死亡大峡谷是北美最热的地方。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Then the strong wind—like a large hand—can move the rocks along the icy ground. That is why the rocks can ‘walk’ on their own in Death Valley.”可知，强风可以使岩石沿着结冰的地面移动，所以死亡大峡谷的石头会“走路”。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据“Finding water is the biggest challenge for anything that lives there.”可知，寻找水源对这里的生物来说是最大的挑战；再根据“Some plants have roots that go fifty feet under the ground to find water. Kangaroo rats (更格卢鼠) get the water they need from flowers.”可知，有些植物的根深入地下50英尺寻找水，更格卢鼠从花中获得所需的水。由此推知作者是通过举例的方式来阐述他的观点的。故选A。 4. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是总述死亡大峡谷是一个危险的地方；第二、三、四段介绍了死亡大峡谷的气温、天气状况和生物生存情况；第五段是总结全文。因此本文的结构为总—分—总。故选D。 Passage 8 The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei Province. About 20 years ago, it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the government’s (政府的) work, it becomes clean now. Wu Wenzhong, a 58-year-old villager, lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best,” he said. He remembers that the villagers must cross the river by boat at that time. But later, it got dirty and started to dry up. To remediate (修复) the river, the government do a lot of things. They clean the river up and build levees (防洪堤). They plant trees, grass and flowers. They set up fences (防护栏) and stick “No Swimming” signs along the river to protect people. They ask people not to put dirty water into the river. They also have a long-term plan to protect the river. Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy to see the river looking good again. The Hutuo River’s story tells us: when people work together to look after nature, good things can happen. 1. How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By giving a fact. C．By asking a question. D．By using a saying. 2. What was Wu Wenzhong’s favourite activity when he was a child? A．Boating. B．Swimming C．Planting trees. D．Catching fish. 3. Which question can help readers know the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．How does the river look? B．When do people clean the river? C．Why is the river important? D．What does the government do for the river? 4. What do we know about today’s Hutuo River? A．Many birds live around it. B．People get water from it. C．Over 20 kinds of fish live in it. D．Villagers make boats near it. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 【导语】本文讲述了河北省省会石家庄的母亲河——滹沱河的变迁。大约20年前，滹沱河污浊，几乎干涸。但是，由于政府的努力，滹沱河变得更加清洁。 1. 推理判断题。根据“The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei Province.”可知，文章开头直接陈述事实，即“滹沱河是河北省省会石家庄的母亲河，大约20年前，它很脏且几乎干涸”。这是一种客观介绍方式。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best”可知，吴文忠小时候最喜欢的活动是捕鱼。故选D。 3. 段落大意题。第三段主要描述了政府为了修复滹沱河所做的一系列工作，如清理河流，建造防洪堤，绿化河边，设置防护栏和“禁止游泳”的标志，阻止人们将脏水排入河中，监视河流保持清洁，以及制定长期计划保持河流良好状态等。所以，问题“政府为河流做了什么？”可以帮助读者了解第三段的主要内容。故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again.”可知，现在有许多鸟类生活在滹沱河周围。故选A。 Passage 9 You must have heard of the legend (传说) of Yu Gong, who tried to move two mountains. The Taihang Mountain was one of the two mountains. The Taihang Mountain passes through the areas of Hebei, Shanxi, Henan and Beijing. It is about 400 kilometers long. It is one of the largest mountain ranges in North China, and it was called “the backbone (脊梁) of China” in ancient times. Many legends about the beginning of human civilization (文明) come from the Taihang area. For example, Nvwa used stones to repair the sky to make sure that humans would have a better future; Houyi protected everyone by shooting the suns. The Taihang Mountain is not only where the ancient stories happened, but also a place where tens of thousands of fossils (化石) were found. These fossils show how the earth has changed over time. At the same time, we can also learn about how ancient humans lived from the discoveries around the area. Nowadays, there are natural forests around the area with beautiful colors in four seasons. In spring, the trees of Taihang Mountain will grow green leaves. In summer, the trees will grow luxuriant (挺拔的) and leaves will cover the sun. In autumn, the trees in Taihang Mountain are tall and leaves turn yellow. In winter, the trees are covered with snow, like a thick white coat. You can go there whenever you want because it is beautiful all year round. If you want to learn different things about history, culture and other important knowledge, you can come to the Taihang Mountain and feel its greatness. 1. What can show that humans have lived around the Taihang area since long ago? A．Natural forests. B．The fossils. C．Many legends. D．Ancient stories. 2. What does the text tell us about the Taihang Mountain? ① Its location ② Its natural scenery  ③Its legends  ④Its height A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3. Why does the writer write the text? A．To introduce famous legends about the Taihang Mountain. B．To tell people how to take a trip to the Taihang Mountain. C．To show the Taihang Mountain is wonderful and worth visiting. D．To encourage people to learn more knowledge about ancient history. 4. In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A．History. B．Art. C．Technology. D．Travel. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了太行山的相关信息。 1. 细节理解题。根据“These fossils show how the earth has changed over time. At the same time, we can also learn about how ancient humans lived from the discoveries around the area.”可知这些化石显示了地球是如何随着时间的推移而变化的，同时，我们还可以从该地区周围的发现中了解古代人类是如何生活的。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“The Taihang Mountain passes through the areas”可知此处是太行山的位置；根据“For example, Nvwa used stones to repair the sky to make sure that humans would have a better future; Houyi protected everyone by shooting the suns.”可知此处介绍了和太行山有关的传说；根据“ there are natural forests around the area with beautiful colors in four seasons”可知此处介绍了太行山的美景。故选A。 3. 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了太行山的相关信息，表明太行山极好，值得参观。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了太行山的相关信息，故文章可能出现在杂志的旅行版面。故选D。 Passage 10 Where can you see auroras (极光)? Iceland? The North Pole? Actually, early this December, sky lovers in cities as south as Beijing could see them, too. They enjoyed the colored lights in the night sky. Auroras come about because of the special activities of the Sun. The Sun sends out very small particles (粒子) all the time. But sometimes, it becomes more active and lets out more. The particles travel in space like a wind. When they come near Earth, they go around it. This is because the magnetic field (磁场) of Earth “protects” us from the “Wind”. At the North and South Poles, however, some particles may get in and meet with Earth’s air. Then, the particles get “excited” and have a “dance” with the air. So, we can see the moving auroras in the sky. When the “wind” is strong enough, the auroras can cover larger areas. While we feel wowed by the beautiful lights, we often ask, “Do auroras hurt us?” The answer is no. Auroras don’t hurt people’s health. But for astronauts (宇航员) in space, they need to use special ways to protect themselves from them, said Xinhua. For example, they won’t go on spacewalks when there are “sun storms”. Also, the particle storms may stop some satellites (卫星) from working, so they may bring trouble to the GPS on our smartphones. 1. Where are small particles from? A．The Sun. B．The North Pole. C．The South Pole. D．Seas. 2. How do auroras form? A．The Sun sends out active particles. B．Particles from the Sun “dance” with the air on Earth. C．The strong wind helps them travel in space. D．The magnetic field of Earth changed small particles. 3. What can we learn about “sun storms” from the last paragraph? A．“Sun storms” will kill astronauts. B．People can enjoy “sun storms” in the night sky. C．“Sun storms” can stop GPS work well. D．“Sun storms” will cause more sun activities. 4. Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a science book. C．In a diary. D．In a comic book. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些关于极光的科普知识。 1. 细节理解题。根据“The Sun sends out very small particles (粒子) all the time.”可知小粒子来自太阳。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“At the North and South Poles, however, some particles may get in and meet with Earth’s air. Then, the particles get ‘excited’ and have a ‘dance’ with the air. So, we can see the moving auroras in the sky.”可知极光产生于来自太阳的粒子与地球上的空气“共舞”。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Also, the particle storms may stop some satellites (卫星) from working, so they may bring trouble to the GPS on our smartphones.”可知“太阳风暴”可以阻止GPS正常工作。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些关于极光的科普知识，由此推出可能在科学书上读到。故选B。 Passage 11 Sunshine, beaches and coconuts (椰子) —these are why people usually go to Hainan. But more than a good place for travelers and foodies, it’s also a wonderland of plants and animals. Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park in the south-central part of Hainan Island, has the most and well-kept tropical rain forests in China. President Xi Jinping visited it in April, 2023. The national park covers 4, 269 square kilometers, or one-seventh of the island. More than 95percent of the park is virgin (原始的) forest and is home to 3,653 species (种类) of vascular plants and 540 species of terrestrial vertebrates. The park is the only home of the world’s most endangered primate (灵长类动物)—the Hainan gibbon. It’s an uncommon species. They look like monkeys, but have no tails. They live in the trees their whole life. Every morning, they whistle loudly to mark their territory (领地) . They eat fruits and leaves from more than 130 plants. The number of Hainan gibbons has become larger from fewer than 10 in the 1980s to 36 in 2022. This shows China’s achievements in environmental protection. Not just a sweet home to animals, the park is a “live museum” of amazing plants. More than 400 kinds of plants grow only in Hainan. Cycas hainanensis (海南苏铁) is a wild plant native to the island. With feather-like leaves, this plant can live to be 200 years old. If it lives in the Yangtze River Basin and North China, it grows almost without flowers or fruit. But in Hainan, cycas hainanensis plants over 10 years old blossom (开花) and have fruit almost every year, thanks to the warm and wet weather. With so many plants and animals, the biodiversity index (指数) of the park—a number to rate species diversity—is as high as 6.28. It is comparable (可比较的) to the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. That’s why people call the park a treasure for both China and the world. 1. Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________. A．an introduction to the park B．the views of the park C．the news of the park's opening D．details of rare plants and animals 2. What do we know about the Hainan gibbon? A．It is a monkey without a tail. B．Its voice sounds like a crying baby. C．It lives on plants and birds. D．It is a species only found in Hainan. 3. From the story, we can infer that a cycas hainanensis plant ________. A．never blossoms and has fruit B．can only live for 10 years in Hainan C．lives better in warm and wet weather D．first blossoms when it is 10 years old 4. Which of the following may be the writer’s opinion? A．Human activities will surely hurt the rainforest. B．We must start to do something for rare species. C．China has done a great job in protecting the rainforest. D．We should compare our rainforest with the Amazon rainforest. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了海南热带雨林国家公园及其动植物的多样性。 1. 主旨大意题。根据第三段可知，国家公园占地4269平方公里，占全岛面积的七分之一。公园95%以上是原始森林，是3653种维管植物和540种陆生脊椎动物的家园。这是对国家公园的介绍。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The park is the only home of the world’s most endangered primate (灵长类动物)—the Hainan gibbon.”可知，该公园是世界上最濒危的灵长类动物海南长臂猿的唯一栖息地。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“But in Hainan, cycas hainanensis plants over 10 years old blossom (开花) and have fruit almost every year, thanks to the warm and wet weather.”可知，但在海南，由于天气温暖潮湿，10年以上的海南苏铁几乎每年都会开花结果，说明苏铁在温暖潮湿的气候中生长得更好。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。通过全文和“It is comparable to the Amazon rainforest in Brazil.”可知，主要介绍了海南热带雨林国家公园，其动植物的多样性可与巴西的亚马逊雨林相媲美。由此可知在保护热带雨林方面，中国做得很好。故选C。 Passage 12 He Jibai, a nature lover, lives on a beautiful island in east China’s Zhejiang Province. For three years, he has worked as a seabird monitor. His job is to watch and protect seabirds, especially the Chinese crested tern (中华凤头燕鸥), a rare bird in danger of disappearing. He watches them closely— from the time they arrive and lay eggs to when their chicks grow and leave. He Jibai loved observing nature since he was a child. After working in biodiversity research, he joined this special programme in 2023. His daily tasks include checking the birds’ homes, controlling rats that might harm them, and watching for sick birds. Though the work can be repetitive (重复乏味的), he enjoys it because it matches his love for nature. The Chinese crested tern is very rare, with fewer than 200 left in the world. The monitors also look after other animals, like the great crested tern and the Eurasian otter (欧亚獭). Their efforts help scientists learn more about these creatures and how to protect them. Last year, over 3, 000 people applied for this job, but only 11 were chosen, showing how popular it has become. Every April, many birds fly through the island. The team records them to understand their travel patterns. This information helps make better plans to save seabirds. Thanks to years of hard work, the number of Chinese crested terns has grown from fewer than 50 in 2010 to about 100 in 2022. Most of them now live in Zhejiang, making it a key place for their survival. He Jibai and his team are proud to protect these birds. Their work not only saves seabirds but also teaches people about the importance of caring for nature. 1. What's the first paragraph mainly about? A．He Jibai’s job as a seabird monitor. B．The beauty of an island in Zhejiang. C．Why the Chinese crested tern is rare. D．How seabirds lay eggs and raise chicks. 2. Why did He Jibai choose to work as a seabird monitor? A．He needed a well-paid job. B．He was good at catching rats. C．He wanted to live on an island. D．He loved nature since he was young. 3. What is one of He Jibai’s daily tasks? A．Feeding the seabirds. B．Taking photos for tourists. C．Checking the birds’ homes. D．Teaching people about birds. 4. Which graph correctly shows the change in the number of Chinese crested terns? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了自然爱好者何继白作为海鸟监测员的工作，他负责观察和保护中华凤头燕鸥等海鸟，还讲述了他选择这份工作的原因、日常工作内容，以及监测工作对海鸟保护和自然科普的意义。 1. 主旨大意题。第一段主要介绍了何继白的职业——海鸟监测员，以及他的工作内容，包括观察海鸟的繁殖和成长过程。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“He Jibai loved observing nature since he was a child... he enjoys it because it matches his love for nature.”可知，何继白选择这份工作是因为他从小就热爱自然。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据“His daily tasks include checking the birds’ homes, controlling rats that might harm them, and watching for sick birds.”可知，何继白的日常工作之一是检查鸟的巢穴。故选C。 4. 细节理解题。根据“the number of Chinese crested terns has grown from fewer than 50 in 2010 to about 100 in 2022”可知，中华凤头燕鸥的数量在2010年时不足50只，到2022年约有100只，故选B。 Passage 13 Wetlands, the “Earth’s kidneys,” are vital for a healthy planet. They clean our water and provide homes for wildlife. But for a long time, humans saw them as useless land, filling them in for farms and cities, which caused water pollution and loss of animal homes. Thankfully, the story is changing. People now understand the importance of wetlands and are working to bring them back. A great example is the creation of wetland parks in China, like the Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou. It shows how humans and nature can live in harmony (和谐). Protecting wetlands starts with us. We can begin by learning about the wetlands near us and the life they support. A visit to a wetland park can help us see their beauty and understand their value firsthand. In our daily lives, saving water is also a powerful way to help, as using less water means more clean water can flow to these areas. Finally, sharing what we’ve learned with friends and family can spread the message of conservation further. By taking these steps, we can all be part of protecting these wonderful places. Protecting wetlands is not just about saving nature; it is about protecting our own future. 1. Why are wetlands called the “Earth’s kidneys”? A．Because they are shaped like kidneys. B．Because they are home to many animals. C．Because they are not useful to humans. D．Because they help to clean water. 2. What is the correct order of the advice given in the passage on how to protect wetlands? a. Tell others about it.                            b. Save water in daily life. c. Learn about local wetlands.                        d. Visit a wetland park. A．a c b d B．c d b a C．b a d c D．d c a b 3. What is the special part about the Xixi National Wetland Park according to the passage? A．It keeps all its birds in large cages for visitors. B．It is the largest wetland park in the world. C．It successfully balances nature protection and human enjoyment. D．It does not allow any visitors to enter in order to protect nature. 4. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To complain about how people destroyed wetlands in the past. B．To explain how to build a wetland park step by step. C．To list all the animals that can be found in Xixi Wetland Park. D．To encourage people to protect and live in harmony with wetlands. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了湿地的重要性、人类对湿地的破坏以及如何保护湿地，并以中国西溪国家湿地公园为例说明人与自然和谐共处的可能性。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Wetlands, the ‘Earth’s kidneys,’ are vital for a healthy planet. They clean our water...”可知，湿地被称为“地球的肾脏”是因为它们能净化水源。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第3段“We can begin by learning about the wetlands near us and the life they support.”可知，首先是了解我们附近的湿地（对应c）；根据“A visit to a wetland park can help us see their beauty and understand their value firsthand.”可知，然后是参观湿地公园（对应d）；根据“In our daily lives, saving water is also a powerful way to help”可知，接下来是节约用水（对应b）；根据“ Finally, sharing what we’ve learned with friends and family can spread the message of conservation further.”可知，最后是分享我们所学的知识（对应a）。因此正确顺序为cdba。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章第2段“ A great example is the creation of wetland parks in China, like the Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou. It shows how humans and nature can live in harmony (和谐).”可知，西溪湿地公园的特殊之处在于它展示了人与自然如何和谐相处。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“Protecting wetlands is not just about saving nature; it is about protecting our own future”可知，作者的写作目的是鼓励人们保护湿地并与自然和谐共处。故选D。 Passage 14 When I was a child, things were not good for animals. People liked visiting zoos, but I didn’t. Some people might find the dolphins’ tea parties funny or the bird shows enjoyable, but I didn’t. It seemed that the animals were in a circus (马戏团). I was upset when circus people played games on animals—men making fun of lions, girls walking on elephants, monkeys playing football and so on. I thought those things were just cold and cruel. However, we didn’t have the law to stop the bad things. Happily, as time went by, laws were starting to play their roles in animal care and people began to stand on the animals’ side. Circuses could not use wild animals for making money any more and zoos couldn’t either. When my children were young, I sometimes took them to our local zoo. The elephants were in small cages and the monkeys looked bored as they sat peeling bananas. As a result, animal lovers are often against zoos. They say animals should get back to nature. However, zoo animals have a longer life. They are just not free. Yes, they are not free to be killed, not free to die of hunger or thirst. Maybe sitting in a cage eating bananas isn’t so bad. There are even bigger changes. Many kinds of animal-care groups keep joining in and giving help. Our thanks should go to BIAZA, an association for saving wildlife across the world. BIAZA tells zoos what to do in special situations; it keeps an eye on how animals live both in and out of the zoos; it studies animals and helps other animal-study programmes, both in the UK and abroad; it gives animal-care talks to teach people about animals. Also, it organizes animal exchange programmes between zoos to help people around the world see different animals. Today, most zoo animals are born and grow up in large comfortable places. Kind and experienced zoo workers look after them. Sometime in the future these animals may get back to nature and really share this planet with humans. We should always care about them and remember that humans aren’t the owners of this planet. 1. From Paragraph 2, we can see that the writer believed circus animals ________. A．were talented in games B．lived a terrible life C．were cold and cruel D．liked working with people 2. According to the passage, BIAZA probably can’t ________. A．share ideas about how to care for animals B．help some animal-study programmes C．close zoos when animals die due to something special D．borrow a panda from China and bring it to London Zoo 3. According to the passage, the writer would agree that ________. A．zoo animals should go back to nature at once B．humans are not good at taking care of animals C．humans are the owners of the planet D．zoos now have better living environment for animals 4. What is the structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤⑥ B．①②/③④⑤/⑥ C．①/②③④⑤/⑥ D．①/②③④/⑤⑥ 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者小时候对动物园和马戏团中动物生存状况的担忧，随着时间推移，法律开始保护动物，人们也开始站在动物一边，马戏团和动物园不再利用野生动物赚钱。如今动物保护组织不断发展，大多数动物园动物生活在舒适环境中，未来它们或许能回归自然与人类共享地球，提醒人们要关心动物，认识到人类并非地球的拥有者。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I was upset when circus people played games on animals...I thought those things were just cold and cruel.”可知，作者看到马戏团的人对动物做各种游戏时感到不安，认为这些事情是冷漠和残忍的，这表明作者认为马戏团的动物生活很糟糕。故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“BIAZA tells zoos what to do in special situations; it keeps an eye on how animals live both in and out of the zoos; it studies animals and helps other animal-study programmes, both in the UK and abroad; it gives animal-care talks to teach people about animals. Also, it organizes animal exchange programmes between zoos to help people around the world see different animals.”可知，BIAZA会告诉动物园在特殊情况下该怎么做；关注动物园内外动物的生活状况；研究动物并帮助国内外的动物研究项目；开展动物保护讲座教育人们；组织动物园之间的动物交换项目。由此可知，BIAZA不会因为动物因特殊原因死亡而关闭动物园。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Today, most zoo animals are born and grow up in large comfortable places. Kind and experienced zoo workers look after them.”可知，如今大多数动物园动物出生和成长在宽敞舒适的地方，有善良且有经验的动物园工作人员照顾它们，这表明作者认同现在动物园为动物提供了更好的生活环境。故选D。 4. 篇章结构题。文章第一段讲述作者小时候对动物园和马戏团中动物生存状况的看法；第二段进一步阐述作者对马戏团动物生活的看法；第三、四、五段讲述随着时间的推移，法律对动物保护的作用、动物保护组织的发展以及BIAZA的职责等内容；第六段总结现在动物园动物的生活环境以及未来可能回归自然等情况，并提醒人们要关心动物。所以文章结构为①②/③④⑤/⑥。故选B。 Passage 15 Water is important for all living things on Earth. The water cycle (循环) is a natural process that takes water from the ground and the sky and brings it back to the earth again. It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active from March to June in China. In this article, we will learn about the water cycle and discuss its importance for Earth. The water cycle always begins with water vapour (蒸汽). When it’s hot outside, you can see clouds forming in the sky. These clouds are made of water vapour that comes from the ground, plants and rivers. As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds. After that, clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally returns to the earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow. The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth’s climate (气候). It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy. On top of that, it takes water from rivers and oceans and brings it to the areas that don’t have enough water. Without the cycle, we would face many problems. When there is too much water in one place, it becomes a flood. When water is badly in need, it becomes a drought. Besides, water vapour can take heat from the sun and keep our Earth cool. The water cycle is a natural process that keeps our Earth alive. It’s important for plants and animals to drink water and for our rivers to stay flowing with water. Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our Earth works and find better ways to protect our Earth and that is our duty. 1. Which season has the most active water cycle in China. A．Spring B．Summer C．Autumn D．Winter 2. Which is the right order of the water cycle according to the passage? a. Water returns to the ground.            b. Rain or snow falls down. c. Water vapour rises up.                    d. Clouds are formed in the sky. A．c-b-d-a B．c-d-b-a C．d-c-b-a D．d-b-c-a 3. Why is the water cycle is important? A．Because it brings people warm weather. B．Because it cleans the air and the ground. C．Because it makes the climate healthy. D．Because it shows the beauty of nature. 4. Which shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地球上的水循环。了解水循环可以帮助我们享受自然之美，了解我们的地球是如何运作的，并找到更好的方法来保护我们的地球。 1. 细节理解题。根据“It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active from March to June in China.”可知，水循环在三月到五月最为活跃，即春季。故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据“The water cycle always begins with water vapour.”可知，水循环从水蒸气开始；根据“As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds.”可知，然后是水蒸气遇冷变成云；根据“After that, clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow.”可知，接下来云向地面降水；根据“Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally returns to the earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow.”可知，最后水以雨水或雪的形式回到地面。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据“The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth’s climate. It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy.”可知，水循环可以保护我们的气候健康。故选C。 4. 篇章结构题。根据“Water is important for all living things on Earth.”可知，文章首段通过说水很重要引出水循环这个话题；根据“The water cycle always begins with water vapour.”和“The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth’s climate.”可知，二、三段讲述了水循环的过程及其重要性；根据“Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our Earth works and find better ways to protect our Earth and that is our duty.”可知，最后一段总结全文，告诉我们要保护地球。故选A。 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元话题·梯度训练 专题J871完形填空（15小题） 单元话题中心 题型特训 Unit 7 The natural world 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内 容 提 要 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 – 10 二、 进阶提升 Passage 11 -15 Passage 1 1. When is International Coastal Cleanup Day? A．On 10th September. B．On 20th September. C．On 1st October. D．On 10th October. 2. What are the volunteers expected to do? A．To collect trash on the beach. B．To look after sea animals. C．To give away bags to tourists. D．To prepare for a beach concert. 3. What can we learn from the text? A．Volunteers have to bring trash bags. B．The programme will last a whole day. C．Those who collect the most get a prize. D．There is an age limit for the programme. 4. In which category (类别) can we find the text? A．News. B．Science. C．Travel. D．Environment. Passage 2 Snow fell on the mountain. It snowed and snowed. The snow did not melt(融化). It became deep and heavy. The snow on the bottom pressed (挤压) together, it became ice. The ice was very wide and thick. It began to move down the mountain. It was like a river of ice. It was a glacier(冰河). Sometimes the glacier moved only a few inches(英寸) each day. As it moved, it took rocks and dirt with it. It changed the land. In some places, it left hills. In some places, when the glacier melted, it made rivers and lakes. A million years ago, there were many big glaciers. Glaciers covered many parts of the world. The glaciers changed the land. Glaciers are still at work today. A glacier in the north of Canada is cutting a new path down the side of a mountain. This glacier will change the land, too. 1. The snow fell on the mountain and ________. A．became snowman B．melted C．turned to rain D．became ice 2. When the glacier melted, it made _______ . A．rivers and lakes B．rocks and dirt C．hills and mountains D．paths and water 3. The passage makes us believe _______. A．The glaciers never melt B．The glaciers always move only a few inches each day C．There were glaciers a million years ago D．Glaciers cannot change the land 4. The main idea of the passage is that ________. A．snow is heavy B．the high land never changes C．glaciers changed the land D．Each part of the world is full of ice. Passage 3 Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls is really beautiful, but in terms of the height, the most fantastic one in the world is Angel Falls. It’s deep in the jungles (丛林) of Venezuela. Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you go there on foot, you have to travel for weeks through thick jungles. If you go by plane from Caracas, a city on the southern coast, it will take about four hours. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how they were found. It was named after an American pilot. His name was Jimmy Angel. In 1937, his plane crashed (坠毁) near the top of the falls. That’s how he found it. Angel Falls drops nearly a kilometer from a tabletop mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the falls is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog (雾). 1. What is the world’s highest waterfall? A．Niagara Falls. B．Huangguoshu Falls. C．Angel Falls. D．Iguazu Falls. 2. If you want to visit Angel Falls, you’ll spend ______ walking there. A．four weeks B．four days C．a few days D．a few weeks 3. What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Some interesting facts about Angel Falls. B．Who found Angel Falls. C．How Jimmy Angel found Angel Falls. D．How Jimmy Angel’s plane crashed. 4. What is the best title (标题) for this text? A．The Most Interesting Place B．How to Visit Angel Falls C．Who Found Angel Falls D．The World’s Highest Waterfall Passage 4 The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains in South America. It passes through six countries. The Amazon is the second longest river in the world. But the Amazon has more water in it than any other river. That is why it is called the world’s biggest river. There are so much water in the Amazon that when it reaches the sea, the water travels far out into the ocean. The river is very deep and very wide. In some places it is so wide that a person on one side cannot see the other side. When the river floods, it is even wider. The river floods every year. So some people who live beside the river build their houses on rafts. There are millions of fish in the Amazon River. One of these is the piranha (水虎鱼) with its very sharp teeth. Piranhas hunt in group. They usually eat other fish, but sometimes they attack large animals or even people. 1. The Amazon is the ________ longest river in the world. A．first B．second C．third D．fourth. 2. Which sentence is right? A．There are millions of fish in the Amazon River. B．The piranha is a tiger. C．The water in the Amazon is never clean. D．Many people always visit the Amazon River. 3. Why is the Amazon called the world’s biggest river? A．Because it has more water than any other river. B．Because it is the longest river. C．Because it is deep enough. D．Because it is wide enough. 4. What’s the best title in the passage? A．The longest river. B．The deepest river. C．The widest river. D．The Amazon River. Passage 5 As we all know, climate change has greatly influenced the birds’ living environment. Take Poyang Lake as an example. As an important habitat for the seriously endangered birds, Poyang Lake has experienced unusual rises and falls in recent years. “In some years, the lake experiences floods, while in others it experiences a shortage of rain. Both of these situations lead to less food in the birds’ habitat,” a scientist told China Daily. To solve such habitat problems, China has named about 1,000 places these years as important living and winter places in wetlands. To protect China’s wetlands, a law was also made in 2022 to control human activities. According to the law, people can’t overuse the wetlands. What's more, they can’t pour (倒) waste water into the wetlands. Since these methods have worked well, more birds have been seen living in the nation’s wetlands. In February, Hunan Province reported that more than 70 kinds of water birds had spent the past winter at Dongting Lake, and that the number of one endangered kind of birds had increased from 300 in the 1980s to more than 5,000 at present. All of these cases show a better future. 1. How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking and answering questions. B．By listing numbers and giving ideas. C．By comparing two different ideas. D．By listing a fact and giving an example. 2. What does the underlined word “shortage” mean? A．缺少 B．充足 C．跌落 D．获得 3. What does the writer think of the future of wetlands protection? A．Interested. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Hopeful. 4. We can read this passage in the ________ part of a magazine. A．Sports B．Nature C．Travel D．Geography Passage 6 Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls is really very beautiful, but when we talk about the height, Angel Falls is the highest in the world. It is located deep in the jungle (丛林) of Venezuela (委内瑞拉). Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you went by car, you would have to travel for weeks through the jungle. If you went by plane from Caracas, a city on the southern coast, it would take about four hours. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how it got its name. It was named after an American pilot. His name was Jimmy Angel. In 1937, his plane crashed near the waterfall. Though local people already knew about it, his story made it famous, and it was later named after him. Angel Falls drops nearly a kilometre from a table-top mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the waterfall is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog (雾). If you have a chance to visit it, you’ll never forget it! 1. Few people have ever seen Angel Falls because ________. A．it is not easy to get there B．the tickets are very expensive C．there is no hotel or restaurant D．visitors can only get there on foot 2. If you want to get to Angel Falls in a short time, you can choose to take ________ according to the text. A．the bus B．the car C．the plane D．the train 3. From the third paragraph, we know ________. A．local people never heard about the waterfall B．Jimmy Angel’s plane reached near the waterfall in 1937 C．a pilot from Caracas got to the waterfall D．Angel Falls was named after American pilot Jimmy Angel 4. What is the best title for the text? A．Where We Should Go B．Jimmy Angel C．Niagara Falls D．The World’s Highest Waterfall Passage 7 ① There may be no place more dangerous than Death Valley (死亡大峡谷). Death Valley is the hottest and driest place in North America. ②Death Valley isn’t an easy place to live in. It gets less than two feet of rain a year and it’s hot, too. In July, the temperature often gets over 46℃. There is even a lake that has turned into salt crystals (晶体). But it is cold at night. When it gets cold enough, the water on the ground will turn into very thin ice. Then the strong wind—like a large hand—can move the rocks along the icy ground. That is why the rocks can “walk” on their own in Death Valley. ③The weather condition (状况) in Death Valley is terrible, but it is still full of life. Nothing can stop plants and animals from making it their home. People have found more than 1,000 kinds of plants there. It also has 51 kinds of mammals (哺乳动物), 6 kinds of fish, and more than 300 kinds of birds. The animals aren’t all small, either. ④Finding water is the biggest challenge for anything that lives there. Some plants have roots that go fifty feet under the ground to find water. Kangaroo rats (更格卢鼠) get the water they need from flowers. ⑤Death Valley really makes a lot of surprises! 1. Death Valley is the ________ place in North America. A．safest B．hottest C．wettest D．coldest 2. The rocks can “walk” on their own in Death Valley because ________. A．it gets less than two feet of rain a year in Death Valley B．the water on the ground will turn into very thin ice C．the strong wind can move the rocks along the icy ground D．the weather condition in Death Valley is really terrible 3. How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 4? A．By giving examples. B．By asking questions. C．By giving suggestions. D．By telling stories. 4. Which is the best structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①/②③④/⑤ Passage 8 The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei Province. About 20 years ago, it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the government’s (政府的) work, it becomes clean now. Wu Wenzhong, a 58-year-old villager, lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best,” he said. He remembers that the villagers must cross the river by boat at that time. But later, it got dirty and started to dry up. To remediate (修复) the river, the government do a lot of things. They clean the river up and build levees (防洪堤). They plant trees, grass and flowers. They set up fences (防护栏) and stick “No Swimming” signs along the river to protect people. They ask people not to put dirty water into the river. They also have a long-term plan to protect the river. Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy to see the river looking good again. The Hutuo River’s story tells us: when people work together to look after nature, good things can happen. 1. How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By giving a fact. C．By asking a question. D．By using a saying. 2. What was Wu Wenzhong’s favourite activity when he was a child? A．Boating. B．Swimming C．Planting trees. D．Catching fish. 3. Which question can help readers know the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．How does the river look? B．When do people clean the river? C．Why is the river important? D．What does the government do for the river? 4. What do we know about today’s Hutuo River? A．Many birds live around it. B．People get water from it. C．Over 20 kinds of fish live in it. D．Villagers make boats near it. Passage 9 You must have heard of the legend (传说) of Yu Gong, who tried to move two mountains. The Taihang Mountain was one of the two mountains. The Taihang Mountain passes through the areas of Hebei, Shanxi, Henan and Beijing. It is about 400 kilometers long. It is one of the largest mountain ranges in North China, and it was called “the backbone (脊梁) of China” in ancient times. Many legends about the beginning of human civilization (文明) come from the Taihang area. For example, Nvwa used stones to repair the sky to make sure that humans would have a better future; Houyi protected everyone by shooting the suns. The Taihang Mountain is not only where the ancient stories happened, but also a place where tens of thousands of fossils (化石) were found. These fossils show how the earth has changed over time. At the same time, we can also learn about how ancient humans lived from the discoveries around the area. Nowadays, there are natural forests around the area with beautiful colors in four seasons. In spring, the trees of Taihang Mountain will grow green leaves. In summer, the trees will grow luxuriant (挺拔的) and leaves will cover the sun. In autumn, the trees in Taihang Mountain are tall and leaves turn yellow. In winter, the trees are covered with snow, like a thick white coat. You can go there whenever you want because it is beautiful all year round. If you want to learn different things about history, culture and other important knowledge, you can come to the Taihang Mountain and feel its greatness. 1. What can show that humans have lived around the Taihang area since long ago? A．Natural forests. B．The fossils. C．Many legends. D．Ancient stories. 2. What does the text tell us about the Taihang Mountain? ① Its location ② Its natural scenery  ③Its legends  ④Its height A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3. Why does the writer write the text? A．To introduce famous legends about the Taihang Mountain. B．To tell people how to take a trip to the Taihang Mountain. C．To show the Taihang Mountain is wonderful and worth visiting. D．To encourage people to learn more knowledge about ancient history. 4. In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A．History. B．Art. C．Technology. D．Travel. Passage 10 Where can you see auroras (极光)? Iceland? The North Pole? Actually, early this December, sky lovers in cities as south as Beijing could see them, too. They enjoyed the colored lights in the night sky. Auroras come about because of the special activities of the Sun. The Sun sends out very small particles (粒子) all the time. But sometimes, it becomes more active and lets out more. The particles travel in space like a wind. When they come near Earth, they go around it. This is because the magnetic field (磁场) of Earth “protects” us from the “Wind”. At the North and South Poles, however, some particles may get in and meet with Earth’s air. Then, the particles get “excited” and have a “dance” with the air. So, we can see the moving auroras in the sky. When the “wind” is strong enough, the auroras can cover larger areas. While we feel wowed by the beautiful lights, we often ask, “Do auroras hurt us?” The answer is no. Auroras don’t hurt people’s health. But for astronauts (宇航员) in space, they need to use special ways to protect themselves from them, said Xinhua. For example, they won’t go on spacewalks when there are “sun storms”. Also, the particle storms may stop some satellites (卫星) from working, so they may bring trouble to the GPS on our smartphones. 1. Where are small particles from? A．The Sun. B．The North Pole. C．The South Pole. D．Seas. 2. How do auroras form? A．The Sun sends out active particles. B．Particles from the Sun “dance” with the air on Earth. C．The strong wind helps them travel in space. D．The magnetic field of Earth changed small particles. 3. What can we learn about “sun storms” from the last paragraph? A．“Sun storms” will kill astronauts. B．People can enjoy “sun storms” in the night sky. C．“Sun storms” can stop GPS work well. D．“Sun storms” will cause more sun activities. 4. Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a storybook. B．In a science book. C．In a diary. D．In a comic book. Passage 11 Sunshine, beaches and coconuts (椰子) —these are why people usually go to Hainan. But more than a good place for travelers and foodies, it’s also a wonderland of plants and animals. Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park in the south-central part of Hainan Island, has the most and well-kept tropical rain forests in China. President Xi Jinping visited it in April, 2023. The national park covers 4, 269 square kilometers, or one-seventh of the island. More than 95percent of the park is virgin (原始的) forest and is home to 3,653 species (种类) of vascular plants and 540 species of terrestrial vertebrates. The park is the only home of the world’s most endangered primate (灵长类动物)—the Hainan gibbon. It’s an uncommon species. They look like monkeys, but have no tails. They live in the trees their whole life. Every morning, they whistle loudly to mark their territory (领地) . They eat fruits and leaves from more than 130 plants. The number of Hainan gibbons has become larger from fewer than 10 in the 1980s to 36 in 2022. This shows China’s achievements in environmental protection. Not just a sweet home to animals, the park is a “live museum” of amazing plants. More than 400 kinds of plants grow only in Hainan. Cycas hainanensis (海南苏铁) is a wild plant native to the island. With feather-like leaves, this plant can live to be 200 years old. If it lives in the Yangtze River Basin and North China, it grows almost without flowers or fruit. But in Hainan, cycas hainanensis plants over 10 years old blossom (开花) and have fruit almost every year, thanks to the warm and wet weather. With so many plants and animals, the biodiversity index (指数) of the park—a number to rate species diversity—is as high as 6.28. It is comparable (可比较的) to the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. That’s why people call the park a treasure for both China and the world. 1. Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________. A．an introduction to the park B．the views of the park C．the news of the park's opening D．details of rare plants and animals 2. What do we know about the Hainan gibbon? A．It is a monkey without a tail. B．Its voice sounds like a crying baby. C．It lives on plants and birds. D．It is a species only found in Hainan. 3. From the story, we can infer that a cycas hainanensis plant ________. A．never blossoms and has fruit B．can only live for 10 years in Hainan C．lives better in warm and wet weather D．first blossoms when it is 10 years old 4. Which of the following may be the writer’s opinion? A．Human activities will surely hurt the rainforest. B．We must start to do something for rare species. C．China has done a great job in protecting the rainforest. D．We should compare our rainforest with the Amazon rainforest. Passage 12 He Jibai, a nature lover, lives on a beautiful island in east China’s Zhejiang Province. For three years, he has worked as a seabird monitor. His job is to watch and protect seabirds, especially the Chinese crested tern (中华凤头燕鸥), a rare bird in danger of disappearing. He watches them closely— from the time they arrive and lay eggs to when their chicks grow and leave. He Jibai loved observing nature since he was a child. After working in biodiversity research, he joined this special programme in 2023. His daily tasks include checking the birds’ homes, controlling rats that might harm them, and watching for sick birds. Though the work can be repetitive (重复乏味的), he enjoys it because it matches his love for nature. The Chinese crested tern is very rare, with fewer than 200 left in the world. The monitors also look after other animals, like the great crested tern and the Eurasian otter (欧亚獭). Their efforts help scientists learn more about these creatures and how to protect them. Last year, over 3, 000 people applied for this job, but only 11 were chosen, showing how popular it has become. Every April, many birds fly through the island. The team records them to understand their travel patterns. This information helps make better plans to save seabirds. Thanks to years of hard work, the number of Chinese crested terns has grown from fewer than 50 in 2010 to about 100 in 2022. Most of them now live in Zhejiang, making it a key place for their survival. He Jibai and his team are proud to protect these birds. Their work not only saves seabirds but also teaches people about the importance of caring for nature. 1. What's the first paragraph mainly about? A．He Jibai’s job as a seabird monitor. B．The beauty of an island in Zhejiang. C．Why the Chinese crested tern is rare. D．How seabirds lay eggs and raise chicks. 2. Why did He Jibai choose to work as a seabird monitor? A．He needed a well-paid job. B．He was good at catching rats. C．He wanted to live on an island. D．He loved nature since he was young. 3. What is one of He Jibai’s daily tasks? A．Feeding the seabirds. B．Taking photos for tourists. C．Checking the birds’ homes. D．Teaching people about birds. 4. Which graph correctly shows the change in the number of Chinese crested terns? A． B． C． D． Passage 13 Wetlands, the “Earth’s kidneys,” are vital for a healthy planet. They clean our water and provide homes for wildlife. But for a long time, humans saw them as useless land, filling them in for farms and cities, which caused water pollution and loss of animal homes. Thankfully, the story is changing. People now understand the importance of wetlands and are working to bring them back. A great example is the creation of wetland parks in China, like the Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou. It shows how humans and nature can live in harmony (和谐). Protecting wetlands starts with us. We can begin by learning about the wetlands near us and the life they support. A visit to a wetland park can help us see their beauty and understand their value firsthand. In our daily lives, saving water is also a powerful way to help, as using less water means more clean water can flow to these areas. Finally, sharing what we’ve learned with friends and family can spread the message of conservation further. By taking these steps, we can all be part of protecting these wonderful places. Protecting wetlands is not just about saving nature; it is about protecting our own future. 1. Why are wetlands called the “Earth’s kidneys”? A．Because they are shaped like kidneys. B．Because they are home to many animals. C．Because they are not useful to humans. D．Because they help to clean water. 2. What is the correct order of the advice given in the passage on how to protect wetlands? a. Tell others about it.                            b. Save water in daily life. c. Learn about local wetlands.                        d. Visit a wetland park. A．a c b d B．c d b a C．b a d c D．d c a b 3. What is the special part about the Xixi National Wetland Park according to the passage? A．It keeps all its birds in large cages for visitors. B．It is the largest wetland park in the world. C．It successfully balances nature protection and human enjoyment. D．It does not allow any visitors to enter in order to protect nature. 4. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To complain about how people destroyed wetlands in the past. B．To explain how to build a wetland park step by step. C．To list all the animals that can be found in Xixi Wetland Park. D．To encourage people to protect and live in harmony with wetlands. Passage 14 When I was a child, things were not good for animals. People liked visiting zoos, but I didn’t. Some people might find the dolphins’ tea parties funny or the bird shows enjoyable, but I didn’t. It seemed that the animals were in a circus (马戏团). I was upset when circus people played games on animals—men making fun of lions, girls walking on elephants, monkeys playing football and so on. I thought those things were just cold and cruel. However, we didn’t have the law to stop the bad things. Happily, as time went by, laws were starting to play their roles in animal care and people began to stand on the animals’ side. Circuses could not use wild animals for making money any more and zoos couldn’t either. When my children were young, I sometimes took them to our local zoo. The elephants were in small cages and the monkeys looked bored as they sat peeling bananas. As a result, animal lovers are often against zoos. They say animals should get back to nature. However, zoo animals have a longer life. They are just not free. Yes, they are not free to be killed, not free to die of hunger or thirst. Maybe sitting in a cage eating bananas isn’t so bad. There are even bigger changes. Many kinds of animal-care groups keep joining in and giving help. Our thanks should go to BIAZA, an association for saving wildlife across the world. BIAZA tells zoos what to do in special situations; it keeps an eye on how animals live both in and out of the zoos; it studies animals and helps other animal-study programmes, both in the UK and abroad; it gives animal-care talks to teach people about animals. Also, it organizes animal exchange programmes between zoos to help people around the world see different animals. Today, most zoo animals are born and grow up in large comfortable places. Kind and experienced zoo workers look after them. Sometime in the future these animals may get back to nature and really share this planet with humans. We should always care about them and remember that humans aren’t the owners of this planet. 1. From Paragraph 2, we can see that the writer believed circus animals ________. A．were talented in games B．lived a terrible life C．were cold and cruel D．liked working with people 2. According to the passage, BIAZA probably can’t ________. A．share ideas about how to care for animals B．help some animal-study programmes C．close zoos when animals die due to something special D．borrow a panda from China and bring it to London Zoo 3. According to the passage, the writer would agree that ________. A．zoo animals should go back to nature at once B．humans are not good at taking care of animals C．humans are the owners of the planet D．zoos now have better living environment for animals 4. What is the structure of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤⑥ B．①②/③④⑤/⑥ C．①/②③④⑤/⑥ D．①/②③④/⑤⑥ Passage 15 Water is important for all living things on Earth. The water cycle (循环) is a natural process that takes water from the ground and the sky and brings it back to the earth again. It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active from March to June in China. In this article, we will learn about the water cycle and discuss its importance for Earth. The water cycle always begins with water vapour (蒸汽). When it’s hot outside, you can see clouds forming in the sky. These clouds are made of water vapour that comes from the ground, plants and rivers. As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds. After that, clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally returns to the earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow. The water cycle is important in protecting our Earth’s climate (气候). It provides us with water to drink and keeps our climate healthy. On top of that, it takes water from rivers and oceans and brings it to the areas that don’t have enough water. Without the cycle, we would face many problems. When there is too much water in one place, it becomes a flood. When water is badly in need, it becomes a drought. Besides, water vapour can take heat from the sun and keep our Earth cool. The water cycle is a natural process that keeps our Earth alive. It’s important for plants and animals to drink water and for our rivers to stay flowing with water. Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our Earth works and find better ways to protect our Earth and that is our duty. 1. Which season has the most active water cycle in China. A．Spring B．Summer C．Autumn D．Winter 2. Which is the right order of the water cycle according to the passage? a. Water returns to the ground.            b. Rain or snow falls down. c. Water vapour rises up.                    d. Clouds are formed in the sky. A．c-b-d-a B．c-d-b-a C．d-c-b-a D．d-b-c-a 3. Why is the water cycle is important? A．Because it brings people warm weather. B．Because it cleans the air and the ground. C．Because it makes the climate healthy. D．Because it shows the beauty of nature. 4. Which shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 13 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $