2026年牛津译林版初中英语语法精要详解 part 19 There be句型

该初中英语讲义聚焦There be句型中考核心考点，涵盖基本结构（肯定、否定、疑问）、时态变化（一般现在/过去/将来等）、与have的辨析及扩展用法（如there be+分词/不定式），通过“考点梳理-对比辨析-真题演练”环节，结合例句归纳和方法指导突破难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 亮点在于“对比教学”和“语境应用”策略，如通过there be与have的用法对比表及to do/to be done的语义辨析练习，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设“基础巩固、能力提升、真题挑战”三级训练，配合5分钟语境填空限时练和即时反馈，确保高效复习，教师可据此精准把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

初中英语语法精要详解 part 19 There be句型 1. There be结构的用法 （1）肯定结构 There be 句型的肯定结构表示“某处存在某物或某人”或“某时发生某事”。 ① there is+ 单数可数名词/不可数名词 /+ 地点/时间状语。例如： There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有本书。 There is some juice in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些果汁。 ② there are+ 复数名词 + 地点/时间状语。例如： There are some ducks on the lake. 湖上有几只鸭子。 （2）否定结构 There be 句型的否定结构是在谓语动词 be 的后面加“ not (any) ”或“ no ”。例如： There are no books on the desk. 桌子上没有书。 =There are not any books on the desk. （3）疑问结构 There be 句型变疑问句时， there 和 be 倒装。例如： Are there any people in the room? 房间里有人吗？ There is a bed in the room, isn't there? 房间里有一张床，不是吗？ （4） there be 结构的时态： There be 表示存在的“有”，它有各种时态。例如： ①一般过去时： there was/were There was a sport meeting in the playground yesterday. 昨天在操场上举行了一场运动会。 ②一般现在时： there is/are There are some apples on the apple tree. 这棵苹果树上有一些苹果。 There is a cap in his hand. 他手里有一顶帽子。 ③一般将来时： there will be. There will be (=There is going to be) a show on Saturday. 周六将有一场演出。 ④过去将来时： there would be. There would be a magic show at the theatre on Saturday. 周六在剧院有一个魔术表演。 ⑤现在完成时： there has/have been. There have been lots of accidents around here. 这里已经发生多起事故了。 ⑥过去完成时： there had been. He told me that there had been an argument between them. 他告诉我他们之间发生了一场争论。 ⑦将来完成时： there will have been. There will have been a definite result by Sunday. 到周日就会有明确的结果了。 ⑧ there be 结构有不同的时态，而且可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。例如： There is to be a lecture at the school hall. 学校礼堂有一场演讲。 There must be a mistake somewhere. 一定是在什么地方有错误。 （5） there be 与 have 的比较 ①用法不同 There be 表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物，而 have 表示主语“拥有”某人或某物，作宾语的某人或某物属于主语所有。 ②结构不同 There be+sb./sth.+ 时间/地点（副词或介词短语） Sb./sth+have+sb./sth. There are some desks and chairs in the classroom. 教室里有一些桌椅。 She has two cars. 她有两辆车。（车是属于她的） （6） there be 的非谓语形式有两种，即 there to be 和 there being. ①作主语 当作主语时，一般是 there being 结构；当句式中有 for 时，一般用 there to be 。例如： There being a shop here is a great advantage. 这儿有个商店，真是方便极了。 It is impossible for there to be any more. 不可能再有了。 ②作宾语 作动词宾语时，一般用 there to be 结构。常见动词有： expect, mean, intend, want, prefer 等。 ③作状语 在句首作状语表示原因﹑条件﹑方式时常用 there being 形式； There being no buses, we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车，我们不得不走着回家。 如果作目的﹑结果状语，则常用 there to be 形式： In order there to be a more comfortable living space, she decided to buy that flat with a beautiful garden. 为了有一个更舒适的生活空间，她决定买那套带美丽花园的公寓。 2. there be句型的扩展用法 （1） there be+ 主语 这种句式表示事物的客观存在， there be 放在句首，而把真正的主语放在后面，可以用来表示现在时﹑过去时﹑完成时和进行时。例如： There is a football on the playground. 操场上有个足球。 There has been a lot of rain this month. 这个月雨水很多。 There will be an announcement soon. 不久将会发布告。 （2） there be+ 名词 + 分词 ①这种句式中分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。 doing 表示动作和前面名词有主谓关系，过去分词 done 和前面名词有被动关系。 There is a man sitting on the grass. 草坪上有个人坐着。 There was a car stolen last night. 昨晚有辆车被偷了。 ②这种句式可以用“主语 +be+ 分词”这一结构来代替。 There is a boy playing with a puppy in the yard. (=A boy is playing with a puppy in the yard.) 一个男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩耍。 There has been more money spent on armaments. (=More money has been spent on armaments.) 花在军备上的钱太多了。 （ 3 ） there be+ 名词 + 动词不定式 这种句式中的及物动词（动词不定式）也可改成被动式，意为“（没）有……要做”。例如： There is a lot of work to do (to be done). 有许多工作要做。 There was no time to wait for you. 没有时间再等你了。 There is nothing to do. 与 There is nothing to be done 。含义不同。前者意为：“无事可做”，后者意为“没有办法”。 There is nothing to do. I'm bored. 无事可做让我觉得闷得慌。 There is nothing to be done. We'll have to buy another one. 没有办法，我们只好另外买一个了。 （4） there is (no) need for+ 名词 该句式意为“（不）需要……”。例如： There is no need for anxiety. 不需要担心。 There is a great need for a book on this subject. 非常需要有一本关于这个主题的书。 （5） there is no need + 动词不定式 There is no need for her to come. 不需要她来了。 There is no need (for you) to leave yet. ( 你）现在还没有必要离开。 （6） there is nothing more...than 该句式意为“再……不过了”。例如： There is nothing more dangerous than an illusion of security. 太平无事的想法是再危险不过的了。 （7） there is nothing for it but to do sth. 该句型相当于“ There is no choice but to do sth ”，意为“别无他法，只能……”。例如： There is nothing for it but to do what is required. (=I have no choice but to do what is required.) 只能按要求去做了，别无他法。 （8）情态动词及 ought to, have to, used to 用在 there be 结构中。 There must be something wrong with the microwave. 微波炉一定是出了毛病，因为它不能正常运转。 There ought to be too great a difference in our views. 我们的看法应该存在很大的分歧。 There might be a good storm this afternoon. 下午可能会有一场暴风雨。 If the power hadn't been cut off so quickly, there could have been a big fire. 要不是迅速切断电源，可能会引发一场大火。 （9） There+ 动词 这种句式只限于表示存在某种状态﹑发生某种事或某事﹑某人到达等的动词，意思比 there be 结构更为生动贴切。如 live, seem, appear, exist, arise, enter, come, go, remain, rise, occur, flow, arrive, follow 等。但不适用于表示一般具体行动的动词。例如： There goes the bell. 铃响了。 There comes a knock at the door. 有人敲门。 There appears to be no one who can answer the question. 看来没人能够回答这个问题。 There stands a tall building across the river over there. 河对面耸立着一栋高层建筑物。 There remains one question to be discussed. 还剩一个问题要讨论。 There seems to be something wrong about it. 这事好像有点儿不大对头。 There will follow an interval of five minutes. 随后将有五分钟的休息。 （10） there is a possibility of （或 that ）该句式表示“有可能”。例如： There is a possibility of my going to London. (=There is a possibility that I may be able to go to London.) 我有可能去伦敦。 （11） there being/having been 是独立主格结构，在句中作状语 There having been no rain for a long time, the ground was burned black by the sun. 好长时间未下雨，大地都被太阳烤焦了。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $