Unit4 Body Language 核心词汇、短语和语法专项练-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修一

2025-12-10
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Unit 4 Body Language 一、词性转换 1. adj.轻微的;略微的;细小的→slightly adv.略微;稍微 2. vt.评估;评价→assessment n.评价 3. n.教师;教育家→educate v.教育→educated adj. 受过教育的→ education n.教育 4. n.趋势;倾向→tend v.往往会;倾向于,趋向 5. vt.占领;占据;占用 →occupation n. 职业 6. vi.& vt. 区分;辨别→distinguished adj. 卓越的;杰出的;著名的 7. vt. 分散(注意力);使分心→distraction n. 注意力分散;分心→distracted adj. 分心的;注意力分散的 8. n.焦虑;担心;害怕→anxious adj.焦急的,焦虑的 9. adj.难堪的;尴尬的→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassment n.窘迫;难堪;困境 10. adj.羞愧;惭愧→shame n.羞耻,羞愧;惭愧→shameful adj.可耻的;不道德的→shameless adj.无耻的 11. vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯→adjustment n.调整;调节;适应 12. vi.(对……)起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n.反应;回应 13.firmly (adv.)    (adj.) 14.anticipation  (n.)     (v.) 15.implant  (v.)       (n.) 16.realization  (n.)    (adj.) 17.adjustment  (n.)      (v.) 18.optimism  (n.)     (adj.) 19.depression (n.)      (adj.) 20.thorough  (adj.)    (adv.) 21.betray  (v.)   (n.) 22.symbolize (v.)   (n.) 二、短语填空 break down, by contrast, make inferences, figure out, feel down, get through 23.Optimism, , can make you happy, healthy and successful. 24.In order to , he looked into the matter many times and asked many people. 25.Let’s the project into smaller parts in order to deal with them one by one. 26.When you or lost, this notebook can be your source of inspiration. 27.I was glad to hear that she the exam, which she had been preparing for a long time. 28.I could hear them talking but I couldn’t what they were saying. turn up        aboard the plane         turn down   make it   be equal to 29.It’s a challenging job but I’m sure you’ll it. 30.He didn’t until half an hour later. 31.We have four applicants already. 32.All the people were worried and they would like to know what had happened. 33.Many teenagers dream of becoming a star, but only a very small number to the top in the show business. work out, act out, in other words, make sense, for instance, at the end of 34.Cars were first used the nineteenth century, and were no faster than a horse. 35.They asked him to leave- , he was fired by the boss. 36.Mike, do you think these math problems are quite difficult to ? 37.Be prepared to the meanings and have your partner guess what you mean. 38.It doesn’t to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. 39.They will be concerned to do the right thing—to dress properly, . 三、语法填空 40.First, his two sledges (break) down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41.The importance of being an Olympian (various) from athlete to athlete. (所给词的适当形式填空) 42.We are looking for an architect who is (rely) and creative. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43.Da Vinci is believed (employ) oil paints already long before this technique reached its height with Rembrandt. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44.The project will not begin its initiation process until it (approve) by all the members of the committee. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45.As you can see, the children were really encouraged, and they were also enthusiastic about ( read) all of these books. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46.It is no use ( envy ) others’ success. It is time that you should work hard. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47.Some women now can use solar-powered instead of gas (stove) to boil water and cook food. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48.On April 16th, 2014, a South Korea ship carrying more than 450 passengers ( sink) into the sea. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49.As we all know, success requires courage, bravery and ( persevere) . (所给词的适当形式填空) 50.We’re going to have European style (cupboard) in the bedrooms. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51.James Cook is famous for having made three great ( voyage ) around the world,and mapped coast and sea routes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52.The case (crush) out of shape in the mail and couldn’t be used. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53.Please take away all your (belong) when you leave the room. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54.At last, the lawyer’s advice led to the (resolve) of this difficult problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55.Do you know how human beings got the idea of using (gesture) to communicate? (所给词的适当形式填空) 56.Thank you for writing to me and allowing me (clarify)the present position. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57.It (reveal) that a growing number of people are overweight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58.Sometimes things are not said (direct), so we must guess the meaning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 四、完成句子 59.It was the power of (追逐梦想) that brought him to this city far away from home. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 60.My computer broke down and so as not to delay my work. 我的电脑出故障了,为了不耽误工作,我必须找人修理它。 61.Unfortunately, showed interest in his assessment. 不幸的是,并非我们公司的每个人都对他的评价感兴趣。 62.It is hard while other children are playing. 当别的孩子在玩耍时,很难想象一个学生能把精力集中在教科书上。 63.With , the students went to play basketball. 作业完成后,学生们去打篮球了。 64. , I won’t believe you. 无论你说什么, 我都不会相信你。 65.Our life is becoming better and better . 我们的生活变得越来越好,而在一些国家仍然有一些人遭受饥饿。 66. the aging population in China will cause a heavy pressure on the whole society in the future. 很明显,中国的老龄化人口会对未来的整个社会造成很大的压力。 67.After the man finished , he looked at his friend. 当这个人读完信后,他看着他的朋友。 68.At the same time, in a classroom of more than forty students, . 同时,班上的学生有四十多人,想与每位学生一对一谈话是有困难的。 69.So if a student to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. 所以,如果一名学生低头看手表,这就表明他觉得无聊,数着时间,只盼早点下课。 70.Of course, who looks up is paying attention in class. 当然,不是每一位抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。 71.It is as though they are asleep . 好像他们睁着眼睛在睡觉。 72. , I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on. 不管是什么,我知道我需要询问和评估发生了什么事情。 参考答案 1.slight 2.assess 3.educator 4.tendency 5.occupy 6.distinguish 7.distract 8.anxiety 9.embarrassed 10.ashamed 11.adjust 12.react 1.slightly,“略微;稍微”,副词,其形容词形式是slight,“轻微的;略微的;细小的”,故填slight。 2.assessment,“评价”,名词,其动词形式是assess,“评估;评价”,故填assess。 3.educate,“教育”,动词,其一表示人的名词形式是educator,“教师;教育家”,故填educator。 4.tend,“往往会;倾向于,趋向”,动词,其名词形式是tendency,“趋势;倾向”,故填tendency。 5.occupation,“职业”,名词,其动词形式是occupy,“占领;占据;占用”,故填occupy。 6.distinguished,“卓越的;杰出的;著名的”,形容词,其动词形式是distinguish,“区分;辨别”,故填distinguish。 7.distraction,“注意力分散;分心”,名词,其动词形式是distract,“分散(注意力);使分心”,故填distract。 8.anxious,“焦急的,焦虑的”,形容词,其名词形式是anxiety,“焦虑;担心;害怕”,故填anxiety。 9.embarrass,“使尴尬”,动词,其一形容词形式是embarrassed,“难堪的;尴尬的”,故填embarrassed。 10.shame,“羞耻,羞愧;惭愧”,名词,其一形容词形式是ashamed,“羞愧;惭愧的”,故填ashamed。 11.adjustment,“调整;调节;适应”,名词,其动词形式是adjust,“调整;调节;适应;(使)习惯”,故填adjust。 12.reaction,“反应;回应”,名词,其动词形式是react,“(对……)起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应”,故填react。 13.firm 14.anticipate 15.implantation 16.realized 17.adjust 18.optimistic 19.depressed 20.thoroughly 21.betrayal 22.symbol 13.副词firmly其形容词形式为firm,表示“坚定的”,故填firm。 14.名词anticipation其动词形式为anticipate,表示“预期”,故填anticipate。 15.动词implant其名词形式为implantation,表示“移植”,故填implantation。 16.名词realization其形容词形式为realized,表示“实现的”,故填realized。 17.名词adjustment其动词形式为adjust,表示“调整”,故填adjust。 18.名词optimism其形容词形式为optimistic表示“乐观的”,故填optimistic。 19.名词depression其形容词形式为depressed表示“抑郁的”,故填depressed。 20.形容词thorough其副词形式为thoroughly表示“完全地”,故填thoroughly。 21.动词betray其名词形式为betrayal表示“背叛”,故填betrayal。 22.动词symbolize其名词形式为symbol表示“象征”,故填symbol。 23.by contrast 24.make inferences 25.break down 26.feel down 27.got through 28.figure out 23.考查固定短语。句意:相比之下,乐观能让你快乐、健康和成功。根据“can make you happy, healthy and successful”以及句意“相比之下”可知应填by contrast,故填by contrast。 24.考查固定短语。句意:为了得出结论,他对这件事调查了很多次,问了很多人。根据“he looked into the matter many times and asked many people.”以及句意“得出结论”可知应填make inferences,此处为不定式作目的状语。故填make inferences。 25.考查固定短语。句意:让我们把这个项目拆分成几个小部分,以便逐一处理。根据“the project into smaller parts”以及句意“拆分”可知应填break down,且上文为句型let’s do sth.。故填break down。 26.考查固定短语。句意:当你感到沮丧或失落时,这本笔记本可以成为你灵感的源泉。根据“or lost”以及句意“感到沮丧”可知应填feel down,陈述事实为一般现在时,主语为you,谓语用原形。故填feel down。 27.考查固定短语。句意:我很高兴听到她通过了考试,她已经准备了很长时间。根据“the exam, which she had been preparing for a long time”以及句意“通过”可知应填get through,根据上文was可知为一般过去时。故填got through。 28.考查固定短语。句意:我能听到他们说话,但我听不懂他们在说什么。根据“what they were saying.”以及句意“听懂,弄清楚”可知应填figure out,且couldn’t后跟动词原形。故填figure out。 29.be equal to 30.turn up 31.turned down 32.aboard the plane 33.make it 29.考查形容词短语。句意:这是一个很有挑战性的工作,但我相信你能胜任。根据“It’s a challenging job”和转折词but可知,此处是指相信你能胜任。be equal to意为“能胜任”。故填be equal to。 30.考查动词短语。句意:他直到半小时后才来。根据until half an hour later可知,此处是指他直到半小时后才来。turn up意为“出现”。故填turn up。 31.考查动词和现在完成时。句意:我们已经拒绝了四个申请者。根据four applicants可知,此处是指“拒绝”申请者。turn down意为“拒绝”。在助动词have后应用过去分词。故填turned down。 32.考查副词短语。句意:飞机上所有的人都很担心,他们都想知道发生了什么事。根据“they would like to know what had happened”可知,此处是指飞机上的人。aboard the plane意为“飞机上的”。故填aboard the plane。 33.考查动词短语。句意:许多青少年梦想成为明星,但只有很少一部分人能在演艺圈登顶。根据“to the top in the show business”可知,此处是指“成功”,应用短语make it。故填make it。 34.at the end of 35.in other words 36.work out 37.act out 38.make sense 39.for instance 34.考查固定短语。句意:汽车最早在19世纪末使用,速度不比马快。本空表示“在……末期”,用介词短语at the end of。故填at the end of。 35.考查固定短语。句意:他们让他离开,换句话说,他被老板解雇了。本空表示“换句话说”,用固定短语in other words。故填in other words。 36.考查固定短语、不定式。句意:迈克,你觉得这些数学题很难解出来吗?本空表示“解出”,用动词短语work out,位于不定式符合to后,用动词原形。故填work out。 37.考查固定短语、不定式。句意:准备好表演这些意思,让你的搭档猜你是什么意思。本空表示“表演”,用动词短语act out,位于不定式符合to后,用动词原形。故填act out。 38.考查固定短语。句意:仅仅为了省几美元而买最便宜的电脑是没有意义的。本空表示“有意义”,用动词短语make sense,位于助动词doesn’t后,用动词原形。故填make sense。 39.考查固定短语。句意:他们会关心做正确的事情——例如,穿着得体。本空表示“例如”,用固定短语for instance。故填for instance。 40.broke 考查时态。句意:首先,他的两辆雪橇坏了,然后马开始在雪和寒冷中遇到严重的困难。此处作谓语动词,主语为his two sledges,break down为不及物动词作谓语动词,且根据后文的began可知,此处应用过去时,故填broke。 41.varies 考查时态。句意:参加奥运会对每个运动员而言意义不同。vary from...to... (从……到……不等,在……到……的范围内变化),讲述一般性事实,时态用一般现在时,主语The importance of being an Olympian,谓语单数形式。故填varies。 42.reliable 考查形容词。句意:我们正在寻找一位既可靠又有创造力的建筑师。空处需要形容词作并列表语,rely的形容词形式reliable“可靠的”符合题意。故填reliable。 43.to have employed 考查非谓语动词。句意:人们认为,早在伦勃朗的油画技术达到顶峰之前,达·芬奇就已经开始使用油彩了。be believed to do sth.“人们相信……,……被认为……”。employ动作发生在谓语is believed之前,用不定式的完成式,故填to have employed。 44.is approved 考查时态语态。句意:在获得委员会所有成员的批准之前,该项目将不会开始其启动程序。主语与谓语构成被动关系,主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为it,谓语用单数。故填is approved。 45.reading 考查动名词。句意:如你所见,孩子们受到了极大的鼓励,而且他们也热衷于阅读所有这些书。空前为介词about,该空应用动名词形式reading作宾语,故填reading. 46.envying 考查动名词。句意:嫉妒别人的成功是没有用的。该是你努力工作的时候了。It is no use doing sth.做某事是没有用的,固定句型,此处it是形式主语,真正的主语是动名词短语,所以空处需用动名词。故填envying。 47.stoves 考查名词复数。句意:一些妇女现在可以使用太阳能代替煤气炉来烧水和做饭。stove意为“炉子”,为可数名词,此处是泛指炉子,应用复数。故填stoves。 48.sank 考查谓语时态。句意:2014年4月16日,一艘载有450多名乘客的韩国船只沉没在海中。分析句子可知,该空在句中为谓语成分,根据时间状语(On April 16th,2014),该空应用一般过去时态,表示过去发生的动作;sink的过去式为sank。故填sank. 49.perseverance 考查名词。句意:众所周知,成功需要勇气、勇敢和毅力。设空前有并列词and,并列的词性前后一致;courage“勇气”,bravery“勇敢”为名词,该空也应用名词形式,persevere名词为perseverance。故填perseverance。 50.cupboards 考查名词。句意:我们要在卧室里放欧式衣柜。分析句子可知,空格处应用名词,在句中作宾语,cupboard意为“衣柜”,为可数名词,空格前没有不定冠词修饰,且根据句中“bedrooms”可知,不止一个卧室,需要放不止一个衣柜,故应用cupboard的复数形式cupboards。故填cupboards。 51.voyages 考查可数名词的数。句意:James Cook因三次环游世界的伟大航行而闻名,并绘制了海岸和海上航线。基数词three后需接可数名词复数,作宾语, voyage航行,可数名词,其复数为 voyages。故填 voyages。 52.was crushed 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意:箱子在邮寄过程中被压得变形了,无法使用。动词crush意为“压坏,压扁”,和主语case构成被动关系。根据“couldn’t be used”可知,此处为一般过去时,且主语The case是第三人称单数。故填was crushed。 53.belongings 考查名词。句意:当你离开房间时,请带走你所有的东西(所有物)。根据空前的all your可知,该空应填复数名词belongings(所有物)。故填belongings. 54.resolution 考查名词。句意:最后,律师的建议解决了这个难题。根据空前的冠词the和空后的of可知,该空应用名词resolution;根据句意可知,该空是指某个问题的解决,应用单数。故填resolution。 55.gestures 考查名词。句意:你知道人类是如何产生用手势交流的想法的吗?不止一个手势,应用可数名词gesture的复数形式作动词using的宾语。故填gestures。 56.to clarify 考查动词不定式。句意:谢谢你写信给我,并允许我澄清目前的立场。固定短语allow sb to do sth意为:允许某人做某事,符合句意,故此处应用动词不定式,作宾语补足语。故填clarify。 57.has been revealed/is revealed 考查时态和语态。句意:据透露,越来越多的人超重。本句it为形式主语,真正的主语为that从句指代的事件,其与动词reveal之间存在被动关系,本句应使用被动语态,既可以表示客观事实,用一般现在时;也可以强调这个动作已经完成对现在的影响,用现在完成时,it为单数,故填has been revealed或is revealed。 58.directly 考查副词。句意:有时,事情不是直接说出来,因此我们必须要猜出来。修饰动词要用副词。故填directly。 59. pursuing his dreams 考查动名词。句意:正是追逐梦想的力量将他带到了这个远离家乡的城市。pursue (追逐),不止一个梦想,his dreams (他的梦想),空前of为介词,空处为动名词形式作宾语,故填①pursuing②his③dreams。 60.I must have it repaired 考查情态动词和动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“我必须找人修理它”。 “我”应用代词I,作主语;“必须”应用情态动词must,后接动词原形;固定搭配have sth. done,意为“让某事被做”,“它”应用代词it,“修理”应用动词repair,所以“修理它”英文表达为have it repaired。故填I must have it repaired。 61.not everyone in our company 考查部分否定和介词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“并非我们公司的每个人”,“不是每个人”英文表达为not everyone,表示部分否定,作句子主语;“我们公司的”英文表达为in our company,作后置定语,修饰主语。故填not everyone in our company。 62.to imagine a student focusing his attention on the textbook 考查动词、名词和短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“想象一个学生能把精力集中在教科书上”,“想象”应用动词imagine;“一个学生”应用名词a student,作宾语;“把某人的精力集中于”应用动词短语focus one’s attention on,固定短语“想象某人做某事”英文表达为imagine sb. doing sth.,所以focus应变成focusing,one’s跟随逻辑主语a student可变成his;“教科书”应用名词the textbook,做介词宾语。“It is hard…”是It作形式主语的结构,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to。故填to imagine a student focusing his attention on the textbook。 63.the homework finished 考查with复合结构。根据句子和句意,“作业完成后”可用with复合结构表达,即with+名词+非谓语动词,homework为名词,意为“作业”,finish为动词,意为“完成”,两者之间为被动关系,故finish应用过去分词,表示“作业被完成”,译为with the homework finished。故填the homework finished。 64.Whatever/No matter what you say 考查让步状语从句和时态。根据汉语提示可知,本句为Whatever/No matter what 引导的让步状语从句,句子使用一般现在时,主语为you ,谓语为say 。故填Whatever/No matter what you say。 65.while in some countries there are still some people suffering from hunger 考查连词和there be句型。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处表示“而在一些国家仍然有一些人遭受饥饿。”,可用连词while表示对比;“在一些国家”译为in some countries,表示“有”用there be句型,句子陈述一般性事实,时态为一般现在时,“仍然”应用still,“一些人”译为some people,“遭受饥饿”可译为suffer from hunger,作后置定语修饰people,people与suffer之间为主动关系,应用现在分词形式,故填while in some countries there are still some people suffering from hunger。 66.It’s quite obvious/evident that 考查固定句型。陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,表示“很明显”应用固定句型It’s quite obvious/evident that,It为形式主语,that引导主语从句。故填It’s quite obvious/evident that。 67.reading the letter 考查动名词。根据汉语提示,“读信”可译为“read the letter”,分析句子成分可知,所设空处作宾语,该处使用固定搭配“finish doing sth.”,动词finish后接动名词形式,故填reading the letter。 68.it is hard to have many one-on-one conversations with each person 考查固定句式。分析句子和句意,空处表示“想与每位学生一对一谈话是有困难的”,该句可用固定句型it is+adj.+ to do“做某事……是……的”表达,其中it为形式主语,动词不定式to do为真正的主语;形容词hard表示“困难的”,动词短语make conversations with sb表示“与某人进行交谈”,“与每位同学一对一谈话”可译为make one-on-one conversations with each person,故填it is hard to have many one-on-one conversations with each person。 69.lowers his head 考查时态。根据句意,空处应填“低头”,可以翻译为lower one’s head,根据句中implies可知,句子使用一般现在时,主语a student是单数,所以动词使用第三人称单数形式lowers,根据句中his可知,物主代词应用his。故填lowers his head。 70.not everyone 考查部分否定。根据句意,此处表示“不是每一位学生”为not everyone作主语,who引导的是定语从句修饰先行词everyone,not与everyone连用表示部分否定意义。故填not everyone。 71.with their eyes open 考查with的复合结构。空处表示“睁着眼睛”,使用with的复合结构作状语,“眼睛”使用名词短语their eyes,作宾语,“睁着”使用形容词open作宾补,故填with their eyes open。 72.Whatever it is 考查状语从句。根据句意,此处表示“不管是什么”为whatever引导的让步状语从句,结合主句中的谓语动词know可知,此处使用一般现在时,表示“是”应为be动词作谓语,主语指的是事,用it代替,所以谓语动词为is,句首单词首字母需大写。故填Whatever it is。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit4 Body Language 核心词汇、短语和语法专项练-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修一
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Unit4 Body Language 核心词汇、短语和语法专项练-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修一
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Unit4 Body Language 核心词汇、短语和语法专项练-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修一
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